JPH067995B2 - Three-dimensional groove profile sensing method - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a groove scanning sensing method for welding positioning of a boiler, a turbine component or the like with an electron beam or a laser beam.

[Prior Art] FIGS. 6 and 7 show an example of electron beam welding of a welded steel pipe according to the prior art. Fig. 6 shows an example of how to shape the groove of welded steel pipe. FIG. 7 shows an example of the occurrence of bead misalignment after welding after setting according to the procedure of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, conventionally, the groove copying procedure in electron beam welding of welded steel pipe 01 is 2 seam groove 02.
The positions are simultaneously leveled by the dial gauge 03, the groove position 02 of the welded steel pipe 01 is set, and then electron beam welding is performed. Reference numeral 04 is a steel pipe placing block, 05 is an electron beam gun, and 06 is an electron beam.

However, when welding is performed in this manner, as shown in FIG. 7, the groove cross section 02 of the welded steel pipe 01 does not necessarily pass through the center O indicated by 07 of the welded steel pipe 01, and the welding is performed by electron beam welding. In particular, a beam deviation 08 that is significantly larger than the groove allowable deviation value of 0.2 mm in the case of a welding method with a narrow bead width often occurs.

For the groove forming and welding of the welded steel pipe 01, after the thick plate press bending, the groove is machined and welded in close contact, but due to the twisting of the long steel pipe, the groove horizontal accuracy is not always sufficient. Absent. In addition, in the case of 2-seam groove welding,
After the one-sided welding, it is necessary to reversely move the electron beam gun 05 or the welded steel pipe 01 in the vacuum state C, C ′. In the vacuum state, the groove alignment can be performed by remote control, or the vacuum can be released once and directly. It is necessary to perform groove sensing.

However, the above-mentioned method has the drawbacks that the accuracy is insufficient because of remote operation and that the production time is reduced due to the evacuation time.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the prior art, the groove forming positioning accuracy of the welded steel pipe is not commensurate with the necessary groove accuracy in the case of welding with a narrow bead width such as electron beam welding. Therefore, careful groove alignment is required. In particular, at least the alignment of the beam axis with the groove line of the cross section and the alignment of the beam position center in the groove width direction on the welded steel pipe surface with the groove width direction center are required.

The sensing technology in which the center of the groove width direction and the center of the beam axis coincide with each other enables high-accuracy positioning by utilizing X-ray sensing by CNC control. In the case of (), the sensing and positioning technology for the groove line (in the radial direction) and the beam axis can only be set visually at present, which is insufficient in terms of accuracy, and if so, eye slippage is likely to occur.

In addition, the above-mentioned current setting needs to be performed in a vacuum-released state, which is insufficient in terms of production efficiency.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention mounts a tab plate having a beam irradiation hole on both end faces of a workpiece, irradiates a weak beam to a target point, and three-dimensionally coordinates the beam irradiation point on the tab plate surface. This is a groove scanning sensing positioning method that sets two points in the system and aligns the beam axis posture with the groove section welding line. That is, in a welding method in which a high-energy beam such as an electron beam or a laser beam is used for linear welding, on the extension line of the surface of the groove sensing tab plate temporarily fixed to the welding groove line extension upper end of the workpiece. Two beam irradiating holes are provided at the position, and the beam irradiating point is positioned by a three-dimensional coordinate system connecting the two beam irradiating holes and the electron beam gun to control the beam axis posture and the groove center. A characteristic three-dimensional groove-probe sensing method is provided.

[Action]

Since the three-dimensional groove scanning sensing method of the present invention is the sensing method as described above, the tab plate for controlling the beam axis posture enables two-point sensing in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the control signal enables the base material. It is possible to control the attitude of the work or electron beam gun, and the attitude of the electron beam gun is controlled by the stepping motor control from the use of a turntable or turning roller that controls the work attitude of the rod base material even in vacuum and the adoption of a moving electron beam gun. This is a three-dimensional groove profile sensing method that enables high-precision and remote operation for positioning in a short time.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a sensing alignment procedure in the case of electron beam welding of a welded steel pipe to which the three-dimensional groove profile sensing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. Second
The figure is a side view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional sensing positioning procedure using the triangular pyramid tab plate according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view using two tab plates instead of the triangular pyramid tab plate of FIG. 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the procedure of three-dimensional sensing positioning using two tab plates according to the second embodiment. The explanation will be given below. FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional groove sensing in which a triangular pyramid tab plate 1 is attached to four end surfaces of a welded steel pipe 2 and can be supported and rotated by a turning roller 8 on a moving carriage 9 {welding line direction (X
Direction), the welding line vertical direction (Y direction), the thickness direction of the welded steel pipe (Z direction)}, and draw the marking line 4 in the extension direction of the groove line 3 in the longitudinal direction of the triangular pyramid tab plate 1. , Two micro punch holes 5a and 5b for sensing are provided on the way, and the weak beam 7 is irradiated from the electron beam gun 6 at a certain processing distance at that point, and the welding position is adjusted by aligning the irradiation position of the electron beam gun 6. This is a method for controlling the attitude of the electron beam gun by following the point. 2 and 3 are the detailed drawings of FIG. 1, and the triangular pyramid tab plate 1 is attached to the end surface of the welded steel pipe on the extension of the groove line 3 of the welded steel pipe 2, and the marking line 4 is extended as the groove line extension. A small punch hole 5a (B) for sensing is provided in the parallel part of the triangular pyramid tab plate 1, and a small punch hole 5a is also provided at the tip of the slope.
b (A) is provided. Sensing procedure is punch hole A in the first half
(Xo, yo, zo) is a position A '(xo, yo, zo, which is a predetermined machining distance l away.
zo + l) is used to irradiate the electron beam gun 6 with a weak beam 7, and the electron beam gun posture and electron beam gun position are adjusted so that the electron beam point coincides with the center of the punch hole 5b. Next, punch hole B (xo + d, yo,
zo + h) is irradiated with a weak beam 7 and the electron beam gun attitude and the electron beam gun center position are adjusted so that the electron beam center coincides with the center of the punch hole 5a, the coordinates of the B ′ position are (xo + d, yo , zo + l). In this way, the electron beam gun positions are set to A '(xo, yo, zo + l) and B', respectively.
Adjust to be (xo + d, yo, zo + l). In this way, the electron beam axis coincides with the plate thickness direction (Z direction) of the weld-formed steel pipe 2 and the electron beam axis coincides with the center of the groove line 3 so as to coincide with the welded steel pipe center O19. It is designed to be welded without disconnection. Also, the second
In FIGS. 4 and 5 of the embodiment, a tab plate 13 is provided on both ends of the welded steel pipe 12 on the extension of the groove line 11 on the outer surface and the inner surface.
Attaching one sheet, drawing a marking line 14 on the extension line of the groove line 11, and inserting a minute through hole 15 in the marking line center 14 on the tab plate 13.
And 16 are irradiated, a weak beam 18 is irradiated from an electron beam gun 17 located at a predetermined distance, and the position of the electron beam gun 17 is adjusted so that the electron beam 18 passes through the through holes 15 and 16 of the two tab plates 13 at the same time. The groove center is aligned and the electron beam axis is aligned by adjusting the attitude of the electron beam gun. As a result, the electron beam gun position can be set to the lower position, which is a three-dimensional groove scanning sensing method in which the electron beam gun can be welded to the center O19 of the welded steel pipe and excellent electron beam welding can be performed without any deviation.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above in detail, in the present invention, three-dimensional sensing (particularly in the Z direction, which is the depth direction), which has been a problem in the conventional sensing technology, is possible, and highly accurate and efficient positioning is possible, and electronic Proper control of the beam axis is possible. This enables high-quality welding of large-scale structures with no defects in thick plate welding in the depth direction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a sensing alignment procedure in the case of electron beam welding of a welded steel pipe to which the three-dimensional scanning sensing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 shows the first embodiment. Related Fig. 1 is a side view taken along the line II-II, and Fig. 3 is the first view.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional sensing positioning method using a triangular pyramid tab plate according to an embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a side view showing a three-dimensional sensing positioning method using two tab plates according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 5 and 5 are perspective views showing a three-dimensional sensing positioning procedure using two tab plates according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a conventional welded steel pipe groove copying procedure. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an out-of-focus state of electron beam welding when electron beam welding is performed in accordance with the conventional welding type steel pipe groove copying procedure according to FIG. 1 ... Triangular pyramid tab plate, 2 ... Welded steel pipe, 3 ... Groove line, 4 ...
Marking line, 5a, 5b ... Micro punch hole, 6 ... Electron beam gun, 7 ... Weak beam, 8 ... Turning roller, 9 ... Moving carriage, 11 ... Groove line, 12 ... Welded steel pipe, 13 ... Tab plate, 14 ... Scribing line, 15, 16 ... Micro through hole, 17 ...
Electron beam gun, 18 ... Weak beam, 19 ... Steel tube center, 0
1 ... Welded steel pipe, 02 ... Groove, 03 ... Dial gauge,
04 ... Steel pipe placing block, 05 ... Electron beam gun, 06
… Electron beam, 07… Center of welded steel pipe, 08… Outside of electron beam.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A welding method for performing linear welding with a high energy beam such as an electron beam and a laser beam, the surface of a groove sensing tab plate temporarily fixed to the upper end of the welding groove line extension of a workpiece. Two beam irradiation holes are provided on the extension line of, and a beam irradiation point is positioned by a three-dimensional coordinate system connecting the two beam irradiation holes and the electron beam gun, and the beam axis posture and groove center are controlled. A three-dimensional groove profile sensing method characterized by: