JPH0678704B2 - Damper for door etc. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention is directed to a normal door that can be opened and closed in the left-right direction by rotation, a flap door that can be opened and closed in the vertical direction by rotation, a toilet lid, etc. For dampers for doors, etc.

<Prior Art> Conventionally, in a damper for a door or the like, by using a viscous fluid such as preisobutylene or another viscous fluid and a spring together with a spring to utilize the viscous shear resistance of the former and the spring force of the latter. A resistance force is obtained, and the resistance force exerts a buffering action against the load torque of the door or the like when the door or the like is rotated in one direction, that is, a braking force, and rotation in the other direction of the door or the like. In some cases, it is known that the door or the like can be lightly rotated by a spring effect.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the above-described conventional door damper, since the spring force acts on the movable shaft as a rotational force in one direction, for example, when the flap door is opened or closed. In the case where the spring is arranged so that the power in the opening direction is stored when the door is closed, the door can be opened lightly and the movable shaft is fixed to the movable shaft so that the door and the like are in a fixed state in the open position. If the spring force acts on the door, the closing action of the door will be very heavy.Therefore, it is possible to open the door lightly, and to close the door slowly and lightly. You will have to use a rather complex mechanism.

The present invention has been studied in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional dampers for doors and the like.
It is used as a compression spring together with the torsion spring, and the spring force of the compression spring is applied to the fixed cam as a pressing force in the axial direction of the movable cam. It is an object of the present invention to provide a damper for a door or the like, which is capable of smoothly opening and closing a door or the like by generating a torque, and which can stop the door at an arbitrary opening angle.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a viscous fluid in the casing, in which a movable member that is rotated together with a movable shaft that is rotatable by opening and closing a door is disposed in the casing. However, in the damper disposed between the casing and the movable member, in the casing, a spring receiver is between the movable shaft and the movable member, is rotatable, and is movable depending on the rotation direction. In the state in which the movable cam is engaged with the movable shaft so as to be slidable in the axial direction, while being disposed via a spring one-way clutch so that the movable cam can be intermittently rotated together only in one direction. It is arranged so as to be engageable with a fixed cam fixed to the casing, and in the casing, a spring is provided between the spring receiver and the movable cam, and The movable cam has one end hooked on a spring receiver and the other end engaged with the casing so as to be movable in the axial direction.
For a door, etc., characterized in that the fixed cam is formed within the predetermined rotation angle range of the movable shaft, and the rotational torque is generated in one direction by the action of the spring force in the axial direction. It is intended to provide a damper.

<< Operation >> By applying an external force to the movable shaft as a rotational force in one direction, the movable shaft is rotated in that direction. However, the spring bridge and the movable member engaged with the movable shaft are separated from each other. ,
Since the spring one-way clutch allows the rotation direction to continue freely, the movable member is not rotated when the movable shaft and the spring receiver are rotated in one direction, and therefore viscous shear resistance does not occur.

Now, for example, when the flap door is installed so that it is in the closed position at 0 ° and in the open position at 110 °, when the door is rotated in the closing direction, the movable shaft and the spring bridge are rotated together in the same direction. Then, the spring is screwed in the winding direction, this screwing resistance acts on the movable shaft, and the restoring force of the spring thus obtained is
This will facilitate the door opening operation.

On the other hand, since the spring receiver and the movable member are connected by the action of the spring one-way clutch, the movable member is rotated together with the movable shaft and the spring receiver, so that the viscosity due to the viscous fluid between the movable member and the casing is increased. A shear resistance force is generated, and this also acts as a resistance to the rotational force of the movable shaft, thereby functioning as a damper.

Therefore, the door and the like are closed smoothly and smoothly by the spring and the viscous shear resistance.

Further, since the spring is used as a compression spring that presses the movable cam toward the fixed cam, when the door or the like has an arbitrary opening angle (for example, 55 °), the torque in the opening direction depends on the shapes of the movable cam and the fixed cam. When the movable cam is rotated, it enters the fixed cam while being rotated, and the door is rotated to the open position (110 °) and locked at the predetermined open position.

Therefore, the door or the like can be stopped at an arbitrary open position by arbitrarily changing the shapes of the movable cam and the fixed cam, so that various action modes for the door can be selected.

<< Example >> Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described with reference to drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the laterally cylindrical casing 1 has a protruding shaft 1b protruding from the center of the inner surface of its end wall 1a, and a female screw on the inner surface of the opening at the other end. The portion 1c is provided circumferentially, and a plurality of groove grooves 1d ... Are provided to be long in the axial direction.

The laterally cylindrical movable member 2 has an axial length of
The casing 1 is formed so as to be approximately half the axial length of the casing 1 and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the casing 1 and an end wall 2a thereof.
A shaft hole 2b is formed in the center of the outer surface of the casing 1, the inner diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the protruding shaft 1b of the casing 1.

Further, the movable member 2 is provided with a protruding shaft 2c at the center of the inner surface of the end wall 1a thereof so as to project in the axial direction.
In the casing 1, the protruding shaft 1b and the shaft hole 2b are fitted and the O-ring 3 is fitted in the annular recessed groove 2d provided around the outer peripheral surface of the opening so that a liquid-tight state is obtained. And, and
It is arranged so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction.

In this way, the chamber A closed and sealed by the O-ring 3 is formed between the terminal wall 1a and the peripheral wall 1e of the casing 1 and the terminal wall 2a and the peripheral wall 2e of the movable member 2 and is provided in the chamber A. Is
For example, a polymer viscous fluid such as polyisobutylene or a viscous fluid B such as pitch or water glass having high viscosity is contained.

The horizontally-oriented cylindrical spring receiver 4 has a circular recess 4a and a polygonal recess 4b formed in symmetrical positions at the center of the spring receiver 4, and an outward flange 4c on the outer periphery of the end on the recess 4a side. However, the outer diameter of the protruding member is set to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the movable member 2, and the protruding shaft is provided in the movable member 2.
It is located between 2c and the recess 4a so that it can rotate via the spring one-way clutch 5 and the casing 1
It is arranged at the inner axial position.

The spring one-way clutch 5 has a constant diameter by tightly winding a spring steel wire having a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section in the axial direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the recess 4a of the spring receiver 4 is fixed. The concave portion 2f is formed so as to be in close contact with the concave portion 2f formed in the convex shaft 2c of the movable member 2 and is bent in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction thereof.
It is arranged so as to be in a close contact state in 4a, and the other end 5b is free without being locked with any member.

The fixed cam 6, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 (B),
It is formed in a thick disk shape, a circular shaft hole 6a is axially penetrated in the center thereof, and a complicated protrusion 6b is formed on the outer periphery in the axial direction. Ridge 6b ……
Is engaged with the concave groove 1d of the casing 1 and is supported by the cover plate 7 screwed to the female screw portion 1c of the casing 1, and is moved in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. It is fixed to the casing 1 so as not to occur.

Further, the fixed cam 6 is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4,
A slanted surface 6d is formed on the inner end surface 6c in the circumferential direction, whereby a stepped portion 6g is axially formed at the boundary between the high place 6e and the low place 6f of the slanted surface 6d.

The movable shaft 8 is rotatably inserted in the shaft hole 6a of the fixed cam 6 and is supported on the axis of the casing 1.

A portion of the movable shaft 8 extending into the casing 1 is formed in an arbitrary polygonal portion 8a, and is engaged with a polygonal concave hole 4b of the spring receiver 4, whereby a spring is formed. The bridge 4 is rotatable with the movable shaft 8.

The movable cam 9 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 (A) and 4 (A).
As shown in (B), it is formed in a thick disk shape, a polygonal shaft hole 9a is penetrated through the shaft center thereof, and an inclined surface 9c is circumferentially formed on one axial end surface 9b thereof. It is inclined and formed symmetrically so as to be able to correspond to the inclined surface 6d of the fixed cam 6, whereby a stepped portion 9f is formed in the axial direction at the boundary between the high point 9d and the low point 9e of the inclined surface 9c. ing.

The movable cam 9 is fitted in the polygonal portion 8a of the movable shaft 8 between the spring receiver 4 and the fixed cam 6 so as not to rotate in the axial direction and slidable in the axial direction. The movable shaft 8 is rotatable together with the movable shaft 8 in the axial direction and is opposed to the fixed cam 6 so as to be disengageable in the axial direction as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B). Is supported by.

The spring 10 is provided inside the casing 1, and its ends are arranged so as to abut against the flange 4c of the spring receiver 4 and the other end surface of the movable cam 9.

The illustrated spring 10 uses a coil spring, and applies a resistance force when the movable shaft 8 is rotated in the opposite direction in order to apply a rotational force to the movable shaft 8 in one direction. Therefore, the spring 10 is arranged so as to act as a torsion spring and also as a compression spring for pressing the movable cam 9 toward the fixed cam 6 side. The length is formed longer than the distance between the flange 4c of the spring receiver 4 and the facing surface of the movable cam 9 by an appropriate amount, and the bent one end 10a and the flange 4c of the spring receiver 4 are recessed. A long groove which is hooked in the recess 4d and has the other end 10b on the inner surface of the peripheral wall 1e of the casing 1 and which is long in the axial direction.
It is arranged so as to be slidable in the axial direction on 1f.

Further, a rotation center portion such as a door (not shown) is fixedly connected to the protruding end portion of the movable shaft 8 extending outward from the casing 1 so that a rotational force as an external force acts.

Further, in the spring one-way clutch 5, the movable shaft 8 and the spring receiver 4 are in one direction, that is, the arrow C shown in FIG.
By being rotated in the direction, the spring one-way clutch 5 is brought into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the recess 4a of the spring receiver 4, and the movable member 2 is connected to the movable shaft 8 and the spring receiver 4, thereby rotating together.

On the contrary, when the movable shaft 8 and the spring receiver 4 are rotated in the direction of the arrow D shown in FIG. 1 which is the opposite direction to the above rotation direction, the spring one-way clutch 5 moves the inner peripheral surface of the recess 4a. Due to the sliding, the connection between the movable shaft 8, the spring bridge 4 and the movable member 2 is released.

That is, the spring one-way clutch 5 functions so that the power transmission between the movable shaft 8, the spring bridge 4 and the movable member 2 can be switched to an intermittent state.

When the damper for the door or the like is used for the toilet seat of the toilet shown in FIG. 5 or the flap door not shown, the movable shaft 8 is used as the toilet seat.
11, the casing 1 is a toilet seat mounting member, that is, a toilet seat 12
For example, as shown in the figure, the toilet seat 11 is in the closed position E at 0 ° in the horizontal state and has a wider angle 11 than in the vertical state.
In the case where the toilet seat 11 is opened so as to be in the predetermined open position F at 0 °, the movable shaft 8 is moved to the first position when the toilet seat 11 is opened.
The toilet seat 11 and the movable shaft 8 are connected so as to rotate in the direction of arrow D in the figure.

When the toilet seat 11 receives the opening operation from the closed position E and the movable shaft 8 is rotated in the direction of arrow D shown in the figure, the spring receiver 4 is biased in the direction of arrow D by the spring 10 at the closed position E of the toilet seat. As a result, due to the engagement of the spring bearing 4 and the movable shaft 8 in the axial direction, the movable shaft 8 stores the restoring force of the spring 10 in the rotational direction via the spring bearing 4, thereby 8 and spring holder 4
Is also rotated in the direction of arrow D, the diameter of the spring one-way clutch 5 is reduced, the contact between the spring one-way clutch 5 and the spring receiver 4 is released, and the movable shaft 8, the spring receiver 4 and the movable member 2 are separated from each other. Since the connection is released and the clutch is in the "disengaged" state, only the movable shaft 8 and the spring bridge 4 are rotated in the direction of arrow D, and the movable member 2 is not rotated. Power does not work.

Also, due to the engagement of the movable cam 9 and the movable shaft 8 around the axis,
The movable cam 9 together with the movable shaft 8 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 (A).
Although it is rotated in the direction of arrow D shown in (B), at this time, the movable cam 9 is in a state in which its height 9d is pressed against the height 6d of the fixed cam 6 by using the spring 10 as a torsion spring. , Is rotated in the direction of arrow D to the desired angle.

In this way, the toilet seat 11 is shown in the closed position E in FIG.
To the required open position G (for example 55 °),
As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the height 9d of the movable cam 9 is rotated up to the inclined surface 6d of the fixed cam 6, and the spring 10 is used as a compression spring and the opening direction depending on the shapes of both cams 6 and 9. Is generated, the interaction between the inclined surfaces 6d and 9c of the fixed cam 6 and the movable cam 9 causes
The movable cam 9 is rotated in the direction of the arrow D shown in FIG. 4 (B), and the step portions 6g and 9f of both cams 6 and 9 are engaged with each other, and the toilet seat 11
Is opened to the open position F shown in FIG.

Also, by rotating the toilet seat 11 in the closing direction, the movable shaft 8
1 and the spring receiver 4 are rotated in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 1, the spring one-way clutch 5 is brought into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the recess 4a of the spring receiver 4, and the movable member 2 is moved to the spring receiver 4 and the movable shaft. 8 and the movable member 2 is rotated, viscous shear resistance by the viscous fluid B acts against the rotational force of the movable shaft 8.

At this time, the rotation of the spring bridge 4 causes the spring 10 to move.
Since it is screwed in the winding direction and the resistance force for screwing acts against the rotational force of the movable shaft 8, the toilet seat 11 is slowly and smoothly closed to the closed position E.

Further, at this time, the movable member 9 is rotated together with the movable shaft 8 from the state shown in FIG.
The movable member 9 is rotated while the inclined surface 9c of the movable member 9 and the inclined surface 6d of the fixed cam 6 are slid in a direction in which the movable member 9 is inclined and raised, and the toilet seat 11 is unlocked at the open position F. Become.

In FIG. 5, the arrow H indicates the direction in which the restoring force of the spring 10 acts on the movable shaft 8 and the toilet seat 11, and the arrow I indicates the viscous fluid B.
And the arrow J indicates the direction in which the viscous shear resistance does not work.

<Effects of the Invention> Since the present invention is configured as described above, if a movable shaft is connected to a flap door, a toilet seat or the like and the damper is used for mounting the door or the like, the spring can be used as a torsion spring. The door is biased in the opening direction and at any opening angle by the restoring force of the movable cam, and thereafter, the movable cam is pressed and biased against the fixed cam by the spring force by using the spring as a compression spring. Torque is generated from the arbitrary angle in the opening direction, which allows the door to open slowly and smoothly to the open position and locks in the open position. The torque that acts on the door and the spring and viscous shearing resistance force act on the rotating force of the movable shaft, allowing the door to move slowly and smoothly. It can be closed, and the door can be stopped at any open position by arbitrarily changing the shapes of the fixed cam and the movable cam. Therefore, various actions for the door can be selected. Since one spring is used as a torsion spring and a compression spring,
It can be structurally simplified and manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are a longitudinal sectional view in a locked state showing an embodiment of a damper for doors and the like according to the present invention, a longitudinal sectional view in an unlocked state, and FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B). 5A and 5B are perspective views of the movable cam and the fixed cam in the same embodiment, and FIGS. 4A and 4B are sectional views showing the operating state of the movable cam with respect to the fixed cam in the same embodiment, and FIG. It is a side view which shows one use condition used for the toilet seat attachment of the Example. 1 ... Casing 2 ... Movable member 4 ... Spring receiver 5 ... Spring one-way clutch 6 ... Fixed cam 8 ... Movable shaft 9 ... Movable cam 10 ... Spring

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A damper in which a movable member that is rotated together with a movable shaft that is rotatable by opening and closing a door is disposed in a casing, and a viscous fluid is distributed between the casing and the movable member in the casing. In the above-mentioned casing, a spring one-way is provided in the casing such that a spring receiver is provided between the movable shaft and the movable member, is rotatable, and is rotatable with respect to the movable member in only one direction depending on the rotation direction. The movable cam is disposed via a clutch, and is engageable with a fixed cam fixed to the casing in a state where the movable cam is engaged with the movable shaft so as to be slidable in the axial direction. A spring is disposed in the casing between the spring receiver and the movable cam, and one end is hooked on the spring receiver and the other end is axially attached to the casing. The movable cam and the fixed cam are arranged so as to be movable so that the movable cam and the fixed cam rotate within a predetermined rotation angle range of the movable shaft and rotate in one direction by the action of the spring force in the axial direction. A damper for doors, etc., which is formed in a shape that generates torque.