JPH0676066B2 - Front and rear wheel steering system - Google Patents
Front and rear wheel steering systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0676066B2 JPH0676066B2 JP2162586A JP2162586A JPH0676066B2 JP H0676066 B2 JPH0676066 B2 JP H0676066B2 JP 2162586 A JP2162586 A JP 2162586A JP 2162586 A JP2162586 A JP 2162586A JP H0676066 B2 JPH0676066 B2 JP H0676066B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steering
- wheel
- shaft
- rear wheel
- wheel steering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
- B62D7/15—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels
- B62D7/1518—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels comprising a mechanical interconnecting system between the steering control means of the different axles
- B62D7/1527—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels comprising a mechanical interconnecting system between the steering control means of the different axles comprising only mechanical parts, i.e. without assistance means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
- B62D7/15—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels
- B62D7/1518—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels comprising a mechanical interconnecting system between the steering control means of the different axles
- B62D7/1545—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels comprising a mechanical interconnecting system between the steering control means of the different axles provided with electrical assistance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は車両の前後輪操舵装置に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a front and rear wheel steering device for a vehicle.
（従来の技術） 前輪操舵機構と後輪操舵機構とを機械的に連結した車両
の前後輪操舵装置は公知であり、特に高速時のハンドル
操作に対応する車両の応答性能を高めるために前輪と同
方向に後輪を転舵する場合、前輪のみ転舵する車両と比
べて車輪の転舵角は小さくなる。(Prior Art) A front / rear wheel steering device for a vehicle in which a front wheel steering mechanism and a rear wheel steering mechanism are mechanically coupled is known, and in order to improve the response performance of the vehicle in response to steering wheel operation especially at high speed, When the rear wheels are steered in the same direction, the steered angles of the wheels are smaller than those of a vehicle that steers only the front wheels.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） このように車輪の伝舵角が小さくなると、路面反力によ
る車輪からのセルフアライニングトルクが小さくなり、
ハンドルの操舵中立位置への復元力が小さいため、運転
者は操舵中立位置へのハンドル修正を行う必要が生じ
る。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When the steering angle of the wheel becomes small as described above, the self-aligning torque from the wheel due to the road surface reaction force becomes small,
Since the restoring force of the steering wheel to the steering neutral position is small, the driver needs to correct the steering wheel to the steering neutral position.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 斯かる問題点を解決すべく本発明は、前輪操舵機構と後
輪操舵機構とを機械的に連結した車両の前後輪操舵装置
において、ハンドル（１）から前輪（６）及び後輪（1
1）への操舵力伝達経路中に、ハンドル（１）を操舵中
立位置に付勢する復元装置（30）を設けた。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve such problems, the present invention provides a front and rear wheel steering system for a vehicle in which a front wheel steering mechanism and a rear wheel steering mechanism are mechanically connected to each other, from a handle (1). Front wheel (6) and rear wheel (1
A restoring device (30) for urging the steering wheel (1) to the steering neutral position is provided in the steering force transmission path to (1).
例えば前記復元装置（30）は操舵力を伝達する回転軸
（16），（22）上に配設され、且つ該回転軸（16），
（22）を操舵中立位置に付勢する一対のスプリング（3
3）…から成る。For example, the restoration device (30) is arranged on the rotary shafts (16) and (22) that transmit steering force, and the rotary shafts (16) and (22) are
A pair of springs (3
3)… consisting of
（作用） ハンドル（１）の操作後は、復元装置（30）のスプリン
グ（33）…によって自動的にハンドル（１）が操舵中立
位置に戻されるため、運転者によるハンドル修正操作を
要することなく、前後輪操舵車両における操舵後の直進
方向復元性を向上することができる。(Operation) After the steering wheel (1) is operated, the steering wheel (1) is automatically returned to the steering neutral position by the springs (33) of the restoring device (30), so that the driver does not need to correct the steering wheel. Therefore, it is possible to improve the rectilinearity restoration property after steering in the front and rear wheel steering vehicle.
（実施例） 以下に添付図面を基に実施例を説明する。(Examples) Examples will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図は前後輪操舵装置の概略システム図で、ハンドル
（１）のステアリング軸（２）はラックピニオン式のフ
ロントステアリングギヤボックス（３）内に組込まれた
ピニオン軸（４）に連結され、ピニオン軸（４）が噛合
するラック軸（５）の両端と、前輪（６），（６）を支
承したナックルアーム（７），（７）とはタイロッド
（８），（８）にて連結される。更にラック軸（５）に
噛合する後輪操舵系への回転取出用ピニオン軸（９）が
設けられる。FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a front and rear wheel steering device, in which a steering shaft (2) of a handle (1) is connected to a pinion shaft (4) incorporated in a rack and pinion type front steering gear box (3), Both ends of the rack shaft (5) with which the pinion shaft (4) meshes and the knuckle arms (7) and (7) supporting the front wheels (6) and (6) are connected by tie rods (8) and (8). To be done. Further, a rotation take-out pinion shaft (9) for the rear wheel steering system that meshes with the rack shaft (5) is provided.
一方、後輪（11），（11）を支承したナックルアーム
（12），（12）はタイロッド（13），（13）を介してジ
ョイント軸（14）の両端に連結され、ジョイント軸（1
4）はリヤステアリングギヤボックス（15）内に組込ま
れる。このギヤボックス（15）内には回転入力軸（16）
が組込まれ、回転入力軸（16）に偏心軸（17）が設けら
れ、偏心軸（17）に係合して左右方向動のみを受ける係
合部（18）が前記ジョイント軸（14）に設けられる。On the other hand, the knuckle arms (12) and (12) supporting the rear wheels (11) and (11) are connected to both ends of the joint shaft (14) through the tie rods (13) and (13), and the joint shaft (1
4) is installed in the rear steering gear box (15). The gearbox (15) has a rotary input shaft (16)
The rotary input shaft (16) is provided with an eccentric shaft (17), and an engaging portion (18) that engages with the eccentric shaft (17) and receives only lateral movement is attached to the joint shaft (14). It is provided.
そして前記回転取出用ピニオン軸（９）と回転入力軸
（16）とは実施例では３本のリンケージ軸（21），（2
2），（23）を介して連結される。In the embodiment, the rotary take-out pinion shaft (9) and the rotary input shaft (16) are three linkage shafts (21), (2).
2) and (23) are connected.
以上において、中間の第２リンケージ軸（22）上に前後
一対のスプリング（33），（34）から成る復元装置（3
0）を配設する。In the above, the restoring device (3 including the pair of front and rear springs (33), (34) is mounted on the intermediate second linkage shaft (22).
0) is provided.
具体的には、第２図に示すように第２リンケージ軸（2
2）は前後のボールベアリング（24），（24）を介して
ホルダ（25）内に回転自在に支承され、ホルダ（25）は
ゴムマウント（26）を介して車体側ブラケット（27）に
支持される。斯かる第２リンケージ軸（22）の中央部周
にセンタリングカラー（31）をピン（32）にて固定し、
このセンタリングカラー（31）に対し前後の軸周に一対
のコイルスプリング（33），（34）を配設し、各コイル
スプリング（33），（34）の前後端をセンタリングカラ
ー（31）とホルダ（25）にそれぞれ係止する。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the second linkage shaft (2
2) is rotatably supported in the holder (25) via front and rear ball bearings (24), (24), and the holder (25) is supported by the vehicle body side bracket (27) via the rubber mount (26). To be done. The centering collar (31) is fixed with a pin (32) around the center of the second linkage shaft (22),
A pair of coil springs (33) and (34) are arranged around the centering collar (31) around the front and rear, and the front and rear ends of the coil springs (33) and (34) are attached to the centering collar (31) and the holder. Lock to (25) respectively.
斯かる復元装置（30）を備えたので、ハンドル（１）を
操作して前後輪を所望の方向に転舵した後は、例えばハ
ンドル左切り後は前後のコイルスプリング（33）によ
り、またハンドル右切り後は後部のコイルスプリング
（34）におより第２リンケージ軸（22）には操舵中立位
置への復元力が働くこととなる。この復元力は第１リン
ケージ軸（21）、回転取出用ピニオン軸（９）、ラック
軸（５）及びピニオン軸（４）を経てステアリング軸
（２）に伝わるため、運転者によるハンドル修正操作を
行わずとも、ハンドル（１）は自動的に操舵中立位置に
戻される。Since such a restoring device (30) is provided, after steering the steering wheel (1) to steer the front and rear wheels in a desired direction, for example, the coil springs (33) on the front and rear sides after turning the steering wheel to the left, and the steering wheel After the right turning, the restoring force to the steering neutral position acts on the second linkage shaft (22) by the coil spring (34) at the rear part. This restoring force is transmitted to the steering shaft (2) via the first linkage shaft (21), the rotary take-out pinion shaft (9), the rack shaft (5) and the pinion shaft (4), so that the driver does not have to correct the steering wheel. Even if it does not, the steering wheel (1) is automatically returned to the steering neutral position.
第３図及び第４図は前後一対のスパイラルスプリング
（35），（36）から復元装置（30）を構成した第２実施
例を示し、各スパイラルスプリング（35），（36）の内
外端を第２リンケージ軸（22）とホルダ（25）にそれぞ
れ係止した。3 and 4 show a second embodiment in which the restoring device (30) is composed of a pair of front and rear spiral springs (35), (36), and the inner and outer ends of the spiral springs (35), (36) are The second linkage shaft (22) and the holder (25) were engaged with each other.
第５図はリヤステアリングギヤボックス（15）内の回転
入力軸（16）上に復元装置（30）を配設した第３実施例
を示すもので、回転入力軸（16）に設けた偏心軸（17）
上にはボール（41）…及びローラ（42）…を介して筒部
材（43）が回転自在に嵌合され、筒部材（43）前部に設
けたピニオン（44）はギヤボックス（15）内に固定した
リングギヤ（46）に噛合し、筒部材（43）後部に設けた
偏心カム（45）上にはボール（47）…を介してスライド
ヨーク（48）が相対回転自在に嵌合される。このスライ
ドヨーク（48）は左右に垂直方向のテーパ面（481），
（481）を備え、各テーパ面（481），（481）と、ジョ
イント軸（14）に固定した係合部（18）に備えられた同
様のテーパ面（181），（181）との間にはローラ（49）
…が介装される。そして回転入力軸（16）は前後のボー
ルベアリング（51），（51）を介してギヤボックス（1
5）内に回転自在に支承され、各ボールベアリング（5
1），（51）の外輪間にはギヤボックス（15）と嵌合す
る回転ストッパ（53）を備えるディスタンスカラー（5
2）が介設される。斯かる回転入力軸（16）の中央部上
に前記第１実施例と同様にセンタリングカラー（31）を
固定し、その前後にコイルスプリング（33），（34）を
配し、各コイルスプリング（33），（34）の前後端をセ
ンタリングカラー（31）とディスタンスカラー（52）に
それぞれ係止した。FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment in which the restoring device (30) is arranged on the rotation input shaft (16) in the rear steering gear box (15), and an eccentric shaft provided on the rotation input shaft (16). (17)
A tubular member (43) is rotatably fitted on the upper side through balls (41) and rollers (42), and a pinion (44) provided at a front portion of the tubular member (43) includes a gear box (15). A slide yoke (48) is fitted via a ball (47) on the eccentric cam (45) provided at the rear part of the tubular member (43) so as to mesh with a ring gear (46) fixed inside. It This slide yoke (48) has a vertical tapered surface (481),
(481) between the tapered surfaces (481), (481) and similar tapered surfaces (181), (181) provided on the engaging part (18) fixed to the joint shaft (14). To roller (49)
... is inserted. The rotary input shaft (16) is connected to the front and rear ball bearings (51) and (51) through the gear box (1
5) Rotatably supported in each ball bearing (5
A distance collar (5) equipped with a rotation stopper (53) fitted to the gear box (15) is provided between the outer rings of (1) and (51).
2) is installed. A centering collar (31) is fixed on the center of the rotary input shaft (16) as in the first embodiment, and coil springs (33) and (34) are arranged in front of and behind the centering collar (31). The front and rear ends of 33) and (34) are locked to the centering collar (31) and the distance collar (52), respectively.
このようにリヤステアリングギヤボックス（15）内に復
元装置（30）を備えれば、組立ライン上及びメンテナン
ス時において、後輪操舵機構は常に操舵中立状態に保持
されるので、組付作業時における中立出し、芯出し等が
容易になるという効果も併せ持つ。If the restoring device (30) is provided in the rear steering gear box (15) as described above, the rear wheel steering mechanism is always kept in the steering neutral state on the assembly line and at the time of maintenance. It also has the effect of facilitating centering and centering.
尚、ステアリング軸（２）や、これに連結されるピニオ
ン軸（４）に同様の復元装置を配しても、ハンドル戻し
効果が得られることは勿論である。Needless to say, the steering wheel returning effect can be obtained even if a similar restoring device is arranged on the steering shaft (2) and the pinion shaft (4) connected thereto.
（発明の効果） 以上のように本発明によれば、特に前後輪の操舵機構を
機械的に連結した車両において、ハンドル操作後に運転
者による修正操作を要することなく、復元装置によって
自動的にハンドルを操舵中立位置に戻すことができ、操
舵後の直進方向復元性を向上できる。As described above, according to the present invention, particularly in a vehicle in which the front and rear wheel steering mechanisms are mechanically connected, the steering wheel is automatically restored by the restoring device without requiring a driver to make a correction operation after the steering wheel is operated. Can be returned to the steering neutral position, and the straight-line restoration property after steering can be improved.
第１図は前後輪操舵装置の概略システム図、第２図は第
１実施例の復元装置を示す第２リンケージ軸部分の横断
面図、第３図は第２実施例を示す同様の横断面図、第４
図は第３図IV−IV線断面図、第５図は第３実施例を示す
リヤステアリングギヤボックス部分の横断面図である。 尚、図面中、（１）はハンドル、（６）は前輪、（９）
は回転取出用ピニオン軸、（11）は後輪、（16）は回転
入力軸、（21），（22），（23）はリンケージ軸、（3
0）は復元装置、（31）はセンタリングカラー、（3
3），（34），（35），（36）はスプリングである。FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a front and rear wheel steering device, FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a second linkage shaft portion showing a restoring device of the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a similar cross sectional view of the second embodiment. Figure, 4th
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a lateral sectional view of a rear steering gear box portion showing a third embodiment. In the drawings, (1) is a steering wheel, (6) is a front wheel, and (9)
Is a pinion shaft for rotary extraction, (11) is a rear wheel, (16) is a rotary input shaft, (21), (22) and (23) are linkage shafts, and (3
(0) is a restoration device, (31) is a centering collar, (3)
3), (34), (35) and (36) are springs.
Claims (2)
連結した車両の前後輪操舵装置において、 ハンドルから前輪及び後輪への操舵力伝達経路中に、ハ
ンドルを操舵中立位置に付勢する復元装置を設けたこと
を特徴とする車両の前後輪操舵装置。1. A front and rear wheel steering system for a vehicle in which a front wheel steering mechanism and a rear wheel steering mechanism are mechanically connected to each other, wherein the steering wheel is attached to a steering neutral position in a steering force transmission path from the steering wheel to the front wheels and the rear wheels. A front and rear wheel steering device for a vehicle, characterized in that a restoring device for urging is provided.
に配設され、且つ該回転軸を操舵中立位置に付勢する一
対のスプリングから成る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の車
両の前後輪操舵装置。2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the restoring device is arranged on a rotary shaft that transmits a steering force, and comprises a pair of springs that bias the rotary shaft to a steering neutral position. Front and rear wheel steering system.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2162586A JPH0676066B2 (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1986-02-03 | Front and rear wheel steering system |
| FR8701199A FR2593766A1 (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1987-02-02 | STEERING SYSTEM FOR FRONT AND REAR ROLLING WHEELED VEHICLES |
| US07/010,177 US4758012A (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1987-02-02 | Steering system for a vehicle with steerable front and rear wheels |
| GB8702283A GB2185947B (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1987-02-02 | Steering system for a vehicle with steerable front and rear wheels |
| DE3703187A DE3703187C2 (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1987-02-03 | Device for steering a steerable front wheels and steerable rear wheels vehicle |
| US07/088,908 US4792007A (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1987-08-24 | Mechanism for steering front and rear wheels of four-wheel vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2162586A JPH0676066B2 (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1986-02-03 | Front and rear wheel steering system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62181960A JPS62181960A (en) | 1987-08-10 |
| JPH0676066B2 true JPH0676066B2 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
Family
ID=12060244
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2162586A Expired - Lifetime JPH0676066B2 (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1986-02-03 | Front and rear wheel steering system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0676066B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0717637Y2 (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1995-04-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Front and rear wheel steering system |
| DE69212709T2 (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1997-01-02 | Koyo Seiko Co | Rear wheel steering |
| JPH0642541A (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1994-02-15 | Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd | Rotation transmitting device |
| US6131689A (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-10-17 | Deere & Company | All-wheel-steer biasing mechanism |
| FR2792427B1 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2001-06-08 | Skf France | NEUTRAL POINT RETURN DEVICE, PARTICULARLY FOR STEERING WHEEL WITHOUT AXIS, AND STEERING WHEEL WITHOUT AXIS COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
| US7383916B2 (en) | 2005-01-20 | 2008-06-10 | Deere & Company | All wheel steering with torque shaft linkage |
-
1986
- 1986-02-03 JP JP2162586A patent/JPH0676066B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62181960A (en) | 1987-08-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPH0219031B2 (en) | ||
| US4708363A (en) | Mechanism for limiting angular movement in steering systems for motor vehicles | |
| JPH0676066B2 (en) | Front and rear wheel steering system | |
| JPS6078872A (en) | Steering device for front/rear wheel | |
| JP2522062B2 (en) | Rear wheel steering system for front and rear wheel steering vehicles | |
| JPH0725324B2 (en) | Rear wheel steering mechanism | |
| US4620715A (en) | Steering apparatus for vehicle | |
| EP0352656B1 (en) | Rear-wheel steering apparatus for vehicle | |
| JPH0717202B2 (en) | Front and rear wheel steering system | |
| JPS6150831B2 (en) | ||
| US4327926A (en) | Steering linkage for vehicles | |
| US4902028A (en) | Front and rear wheel steering apparatus for motor vehicles | |
| JP2560825B2 (en) | Rear wheel steering system for front and rear wheel steering vehicles | |
| JP2508116B2 (en) | Rear wheel steering system for front and rear wheel steering vehicles | |
| JPH0224377Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH072358Y2 (en) | Rear wheel neutral return device for 4-wheel steering vehicle | |
| JPH0525352Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH057903Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH11124033A (en) | Steering truck for railroad car | |
| JPH075094B2 (en) | Front and rear wheel steering vehicle rear wheel steering system | |
| JPH0735815Y2 (en) | Front and rear wheel steering system for agricultural work vehicles | |
| JPH0414268Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0351260Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0425421Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0251789B2 (en) |