JPH0674066A - Diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a time required for rise, by releasing a feed air pressure- sensitive member from its displacement before the start of an engine, so as to improve ignitability through the feed of a large quantity of fuel to a combustion chamber, meanwhile, by preventing lowering of the temperature in a combustion chamber through reduction of a feed amount of fuel after the start of the engine. CONSTITUTION:A diesel engine is provided with a supercharger, a governor device 3, and a fuel injection device 4. The output member 7 of the governor device 3 is coupled to the injection amount regulating member 4a of a fuel injection device 4 through a relay member 15 pivotally supported to a member 11 on the fixed side. Displacement of the relay member 15 and displacement in a fuel increasing direction of the injection amount regulating member 4a are prevented from occurring by means of a feed pressure-sensitive member 35 supported to the member 11 on the fixed side. In this case, before the starting of an engine starter, the release member 65 of the feed pressure-sensitive member 35 is operated in a release direction by means of a first actuator 110. After a starting is completed, the relay member 15 is operated in a fuel decrease direction by means of a second actuator 111.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diesel engine which controls a fuel injection amount according to a supply pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An output member of a governor device of a diesel engine is interlocked with an injection amount adjusting member of a fuel injection device such as a stand-alone fuel injection pump or a unit injector via a link mechanism or the like to operate the injection amount adjusting member at the time of acceleration. Therefore, the fuel injection amount is increased. Further, the diesel engine supercharger increases the supply pressure by increasing the supply pressure during acceleration.

However, in the case of rapid acceleration, the output member of the governor device responds quickly and is displaced in the direction of increasing fuel in a short time. However, the governor device does not operate the fuel until the supply pressure rises due to the supercharger. It takes time as compared with the increase of the injection amount. Therefore, at the beginning of acceleration, the air corresponding to the fuel injection amount is not supplied to the combustion chamber, and there is a problem that black smoke is generated due to incomplete combustion.

Therefore, a relay member rotatably supported around the shaft by the fixed member and a supply pressure sensitive member that is attached to the fixed member and is displaced according to the supply pressure are provided. The output member of the governor device and the injection amount adjusting member of the fuel injection device are connected to each other via the air pressure sensitive member, and the displacement of the relay member is prevented by the air pressure sensitive member, thereby preventing the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member in the fuel increasing direction. The position at which the displacement of the relay member is prevented by the air pressure sensitive member is a diesel engine that is displaced in the fuel increasing direction due to the increase of the supply pressure and displaced in the fuel decreasing direction due to the decrease of the supply pressure. ing.

According to the diesel engine having the above structure,
When sudden acceleration is performed, the injection amount adjusting member tends to be displaced in the fuel increasing direction through the displacement of the relay member due to the displacement of the output member of the governor device. However, at the beginning of acceleration, the supply pressure is not increased by the supercharger, so the supply pressure sensitive member prevents displacement of the relay member. Therefore, at the beginning of the rapid acceleration, the displacement of the relay member in the fuel increasing direction is prevented, and the increase of the fuel injection amount is limited. Then, when the supply pressure is increased by the supercharger, the relay member is displaced in the fuel increasing direction by the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member. As a result, the injection amount adjusting member is displaced in the fuel increasing direction according to the displacement of the output member of the governor device. That is, the fuel amount at the time of sudden acceleration can be set to an amount commensurate with the air amount.

Further, in the diesel engine having the above structure, by providing the releasing member for releasing the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member according to the supply pressure, a large amount of fuel is required even when the supply pressure is low such as when starting. It corresponds to when it is said.

[0007]

However, in the conventional diesel engine, the releasing member for releasing the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member according to the supply pressure at the time of starting is manually operated, and the operation is troublesome. . Also, if the displacement of the air pressure sensitive member according to the air supply pressure is released at startup, the temperature of the combustion chamber will drop because the amount of fuel supplied will be too large, and it will take a long time to stall or rise due to misfire. Moreover, there is a problem that a large amount of black smoke is generated. In particular, when increasing the output of the engine, it is necessary to lower the compression ratio from the viewpoint of rigidity because the pressure in the cylinder rises. However, lowering the compression ratio reduces the startability, which hinders higher output. .

An object of the present invention is to provide a diesel engine that can solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0009]

A feature of the present invention is that in a diesel engine including a supercharger, a governor device, and a fuel injection device, a relay member displaceably supported by a stationary member. , An air pressure sensitive member that is attached to the fixed side member and that is displaced according to the air supply pressure is provided, and the output member of the governor device and the injection amount adjustment member of the fuel injection device are connected via the relay member, By the displacement of the relay member being blocked by the supply pressure sensitive member, the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member in the fuel increasing direction is blocked,
The position at which the displacement of the relay member is prevented by the supply pressure sensitive member is assumed to be displaced in the fuel increasing direction when the supply pressure rises and displaced in the fuel decreasing direction when the supply pressure decreases. In a diesel engine provided with a release member for releasing the displacement of the atmospheric pressure sensitive member, a first actuator for operating the release member in a release direction, a second actuator for operating the relay member in a fuel reduction direction, and each actuator And a control device for controlling the engine starter according to the operation timing of the engine starter,
The first actuator is actuated before the engine starter is actuated, the first actuator is deactuated after the engine starter is actuated, the second actuator is actuated, and the second actuator can be deactuated after the engine is started. It is in.

[0010]

According to the structure of the present invention, since the first actuator is activated before the engine starter is activated, when the engine starter is activated, the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member according to the supply pressure is released and a large amount of fuel is consumed. Since it is supplied to the combustion chamber, the ignitability is improved. When the operation of the engine starter is finished after the ignition of the fuel, the first actuator is deactivated and the second actuator is operated, so that the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber is reduced and the decrease in the temperature in the combustion chamber is prevented. The time required to start the engine is shortened. Since the second actuator is deactivated after the engine is started, the air pressure sensitive member operates according to the air supply pressure,
The amount of fuel at the time of sudden acceleration can be adjusted to the amount of air.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

A multi-cylinder diesel engine 1 shown in FIG.
Is an exhaust turbocharger 2, a governor device 3, and a fuel injection device including a unit injector 4.
An engine stop device 19 is provided, and fuel is injected from the unit injector 4 to each cylinder and air is supplied from the air supply manifold 5.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a mount (fixed member) 11 is fixed to a side surface of a gear case 1a of an engine 1 by a bolt 12, and a spindle 13 is mounted on the mount 11.
Is rotatably attached around the shaft 13a. An L-shaped first relay member 15 is integrally attached to one end of the support shaft 13.

An output lever (output member) 7 of the cover device 3 is connected to one end of the first relay member 15 via a link 18, and a link 8 is connected to the other end of the first relay member 15.
Are connected. The output lever 7 is the cover device 3.
The fuel injection amount is increased by oscillating around the output shaft 6 and being displaced in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and is decreased by being displaced in the direction of arrow B in the figure. The link 18 has a tubular first member 18a and a second member 18b inserted into the first member 18a, and a compression coil spring 18c is interposed between the first member 18a and the second member 18b. ing. The spring 18c is sandwiched between a flange portion 18b 'at the tip of the second member 18b and a cap 18a' screwed to the first member 18a.

The link 8 connected to the other end of the first relay member 15 is connected to the control rack (injection amount adjusting member) 4a of the unit injector 4 and is displaced in the direction of arrow C in the figure for fuel injection. The fuel injection amount is decreased by increasing the amount and displacing in the direction of arrow D in the figure.

Further, the mount 11 is provided with a pressure sensitive device 2
0 is attached. This air pressure sensitive device 20 is
A housing 21 attached by a bolt nut 40 inserted into an elongated hole 50 formed in the mount 11,
A diaphragm 22 that vertically partitions the internal space of the housing 21, a rod 23 attached to the diaphragm 22, and a rod 23 inside the housing 21.
And a spring 24 for urging the above. An upper space inside the housing 21 communicates with the air supply manifold 5 via a pipe 25. That diaphragm 2
The upward movement of 2 is blocked by the adjusting screw 60 screwed into the housing 21 from above, and the vertical moving range of the diaphragm 22 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw 60.

A nut 30 is screwed onto the lower end of the rod 23. One end of an L-shaped lever 33 inserted into the rod 23 contacts the upper surface of the nut 30. The lever 33 is rotatably attached to the shaft 34 of the housing 21. The shaft 34 has a support member 1
00, the support member 100 is attached to a shaft 101, the shaft 101 is rotatably supported by the housing 21 and protrudes from the housing 21, and a release lever (release member) 65 is connected to the protruding end. There is. As a result, the movement of the release lever 65 causes the shaft 34 to move.
Is displaced. The other end of the lever 33 is brought into contact with one end surface of a pressure supply sensitive rod (pressure supply sensitive member) 35. The air pressure sensitive rod 35 is inserted into a guide hole 36 provided in the housing 20 and is perpendicular to the support shaft 13 (see FIG. 1).
It is possible to reciprocate in the left and right directions. Further, the air pressure sensitive rod 35 is covered with a spring 37 sandwiched between a flange 35 a provided on the outer periphery and the housing 21, and the elastic force of the spring 37 presses the air pressure sensitive rod 35 against the other end of the lever 33. ing. In addition,
The elastic force of the spring 37 is smaller than the elastic force of the spring 24. As a result, when the supply pressure increases, the rod 23 is displaced downward, so that the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced to the right in FIG. 1, and when the supply pressure decreases, the rod 23 is displaced upward. The rod 35 is displaced leftward.

A second relay member 9 also serving as a stop lever is attached to the other end of the support shaft 13. For this attachment, the second relay member 9 is formed with an insertion hole 9a of the support shaft 13 and a split groove 9b communicating with the insertion hole 9a.
The support shaft 13 is inserted into the insertion hole 9a, and the space between the split grooves 9b is narrowed by the bolt 46, so that the support shaft 13 is tightened by the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 9a. As a result, the second relay member 9 rotates together with the first relay member 15 via the support shaft 13.

This second relay member 9 is indicated by an arrow E in FIG.
When it is rotated to the stop position F indicated by an imaginary line, this displacement is transmitted from the first relay member 15 to the control rack 4a via the link 8, and the control rack 4a is displaced to the non-injection position to shift the engine. 1 stops.

When the output lever 7 of the governor device 3 is displaced in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 to increase the fuel injection amount, the displacement of the output lever 7 is the link 8,
It is transmitted to the second relay member 9 via the first relay member 15 and the support shaft 13, and the second relay member 9 tends to be displaced in the arrow G direction in the drawing. The displacement of the second relay member 9 in the direction of the arrow G is prevented by the supply pressure sensing rod 35 contacting the second relay member when the supply pressure is not increased.
By preventing the rotation of the second relay member 9, the control rack 4a is prevented from being displaced in the fuel increasing direction.

The position at which the rotation of the second relay member 9 is blocked by the supply pressure sensitive rod 35, the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced to the right in FIG. Direction), and the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced leftward in FIG. 1 due to the decrease in supply pressure, and thus is displaced in the fuel decrease direction (arrow I direction).

As a result, when the engine 1 is rapidly accelerated, even if the output lever 7 of the governor device 3 is displaced in the fuel increasing direction, the supply pressure by the supercharger 2 increases at the beginning of acceleration. Therefore, the position at which the rotation of the second relay member 9 is blocked by the air pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced in the fuel reducing direction. Therefore, the control rack 4a is prevented from being displaced in the fuel increasing direction, and the increase of the fuel injection amount is limited. Then, when the supply pressure is increased by the supercharger 2, the rotation preventing position of the second relay member 9 is displaced in the fuel increasing direction due to the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive rod 35. Then, the displacement of the output lever 7 of the governor device 3 is transmitted to the control rack 4a by the restoration of the spring 18c, and the control rack 4a is displaced in the fuel increasing direction. As a result, the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber of the engine becomes an amount commensurate with the amount of air, and the generation of black smoke during sudden acceleration is prevented.

There is provided a first air actuator 110 for actuating the release lever 65 in the release direction (the direction of arrow J in the figure). That is, the first actuator 1
Reference numeral 10 is a rod 11 which is displaced in the direction of arrow J in the figure by air pressure.
0a, and this rod 110a is linked to the release lever 65. Further, a second air actuator 111 for operating the second relay member 9 in the fuel reducing direction (direction of arrow E in the figure) is provided. That is, the second actuator 111 has a rod 111a that is displaced in the direction of arrow M in the figure by air pressure.
Is a push rod 1 penetrating the air pressure sensitive rod 35.
It is linked to one end of 12. The push rod 112 is the rod 111a of the second actuator 111.
The second relay member 9 is actuated in the fuel reducing direction (the direction of arrow E in the figure) by being displaced in the direction of arrow M along with.

As shown in FIG. 3, each actuator 11
0 and 111 are pneumatic pumps 1 via an electromagnetic switching valve 122.
23 is connected to the rotary shaft of a generator 125 driven by the engine 1 via an electromagnetic clutch 124. A control device 121 for controlling the first actuator 110 and the second actuator 111 according to the operation timing of the engine starter 120 is provided. That is, the control device 12
1, the electromagnetic switching valve 122, the electromagnetic clutch 12
4, engine starter 120 and key switch device 1
26 is connected. The key switch device 126 has a normally open first contact 126a and a normally open second contact 126b. When an operator inserts and rotates the key, the first contact 126a is first closed and the key is further rotated. Then, the second contact 126b is closed. The control device 121
Responds to the open / close signal from the key switch device 126, as shown in the time chart of FIG.
It controls the engine starter 120 and the electromagnetic switching valve 122, and can be configured by, for example, a microcomputer or a sequence controller. Also, FIG.
Shows the relationship between time and the position of the control rack 4a of the unit injector 4, and the relationship between time and engine speed. In the figure, the solid line shows the relationship when the control device 121 performs control, and the broken line shows. The relationship when no control is performed is shown.

A control procedure by the control device 121 will be described. First, the first contact 126 of the key switch device 126
When a is closed, the electromagnetic clutch 124 is connected. At this time, since the engine starter 120 has not yet rotated, even if the electromagnetic clutch 124 is connected, the pneumatic pump 12
3 does not work. Next, the second key switch device 126
When the contact 126b is closed, the engine starter 120 is activated, and the electromagnetic switching valve 122 causes the pneumatic pump 12 to operate.
3 and the first actuator 110 are connected. As a result, the pneumatic pump 123 operates and the first actuator 110 pushes the release lever 65 in the release direction, so that the shaft 34 is displaced and the lever 33 and the air pressure sensitive rod 3 are moved.
5, the displacement of the air supply pressure sensitive rod 35 according to the air supply pressure is released when the engine starter 120 is operated,
The displacement of the rack 4a in the fuel increasing direction is not restricted, and a large amount of fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber, so that the ignitability is improved. Next, the second contact 126b of the key switch device 126 is opened to make the first contact.
When only the contact 126a is closed, the engine starter 120 is stopped and the electromagnetic switching valve 122
Is a position where the pneumatic pump 123 and the second actuator 110 are connected. From this, the first actuator 1
The pressing of the release lever 65 by 10 is released, and at the same time, the second actuator 111 pushes the second relay member 9 in the fuel reducing direction via the push rod 112, so that the rack 4a is displaced in the fuel reducing direction and supplied to the combustion chamber. As a result, the amount of fuel consumed is reduced, the temperature inside the combustion chamber is prevented from decreasing, and the time required to start the engine 1 is shortened. By opening the first contact 126a of the key switch device 126 after starting the engine, the connection of the electromagnetic clutch 124 is released, and the second contact 126a is released.
The pressing of the second relay member 9 by the actuator 111 is released. As a result, the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 operates according to the supply pressure, and the amount of fuel at the time of sudden acceleration can be set to an amount commensurate with the amount of air.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the first actuator 110 and the second actuator 111 may be configured by a single actuator. That is, the push rod 112 penetrating the air pressure sensitive rod 35 and the second rod
Instead of providing the actuator 111, the lever 33
Is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the rod 23, and an electric actuator 130 for reciprocating the release lever 65 is provided. The rod 130a of the electric actuator 130
Is linked to a release lever 65 and reciprocates in the directions of arrows Q and R in the figure by the forward and reverse rotation of the electric actuator. The electric actuator 130 and three limit switches 13 for detecting the position of the electric actuator 130.
1, 132, 133 and a key switch device 1 similar to the above
26 and 26 are connected to the controller 121 '. As shown in the time chart of FIG. 7, first, the key switch device 1
When the first contact 126a of 26 is closed, the electric actuator 130 rotates normally, and the release lever 65 is pushed in the release direction (arrow Q direction). Then, when the electric actuator 130 is displaced to a position where the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 according to the supply pressure is released, the electric actuator 130 is stopped by a signal from the limit switch 131. Next, when the second contact 126b of the key switch device 126 is closed, the engine starter 120 is activated. On this occasion,
The displacement of the rack 4a in the fuel increasing direction is not restricted, and a large amount of fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber, so that the ignitability is improved.
Next, when the second contact 126b of the key switch device 126 is opened and only the first contact 126a is closed, the engine starter 120 is stopped, the electric actuator 130 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the release lever 65 moves in the fuel reducing direction. (In the direction of arrow R in the figure). When the position of the shaft 34 changes due to the movement of the release lever 65, the lever 33 rotates relative to the rod 23 and the air pressure sensitive rod 3
Press 5. Then, when the electric actuator 130 is displaced to a position where the air pressure sensitive rod 35 pushes the second relay member 9 in the fuel reducing direction, the electric actuator 130 is stopped by the signal from the limit switch 132. As a result, the amount of fuel supplied to the combustion chamber is reduced, the temperature inside the combustion chamber is prevented from lowering, and the time required to start the engine 1 is shortened. Key switch device 1 after engine start
By opening the first contact 126a of 26, the electric actuator 130 rotates normally and pushes the release lever 65 to its original position. When the electric actuator 130 is displaced to the position where the air pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced according to the air supply pressure, the electric actuator 130 is stopped by the signal from the limit switch 133. As a result, the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 operates according to the supply pressure, and the amount of fuel at the time of sudden acceleration can be set to an amount commensurate with the amount of air. In addition, lever 3
3 is rotatably connected to the rod 23, a nut 140 is screwed into the rod 23, and a pair of nuts 3
The lever 33 inserted into the rod 23 between 0 and 140
Has placed one end of. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the lever 141 is provided with the release lever 6 so that the amount of the air pressure sensitive rod 35 pushing the second relay member 9 in the fuel reducing direction can be adjusted.
5 is rotatably attached, and this lever 141
Is provided in the direction of arrow P, and pins 143 and 144 that prevent rotation of the lever 141 due to the elastic force of the spring 142 are provided in the release lever 65 and the housing 21.
And a set screw 145 is screwed into the release lever 65. And the release lever 6
When the electric actuator 5 displaces 5 in the fuel decrease direction (arrow R direction in the figure), the rotation of the lever 141 is initially blocked by the pin 143 attached to the release lever 65, and the release lever 65 and the lever 141 rotate together. To do. When the release lever 65 further rotates in the fuel reducing direction, the rotation of the lever 141 is blocked by the pin 144 attached to the housing 21, and only the release lever 65 rotates. When the release lever 65 further rotates, the set screw 145 contacts the lever 141, and the release lever 65
Is prevented from rotating. This allows the set screw 1
The amount by which the air pressure sensitive rod 35 pushes the second relay member 9 in the fuel reducing direction can be adjusted according to the amount of screwing 45 of the release lever 65. The limit switch 132 is operated by contact between the set screw 145 and the lever 141.

Further, in the above embodiment, the second relay member is also used as the engine stop lever, but it is not always required to be used as the stop lever. Further, the first relay member 15 may be displaced by the second actuator 111. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the fuel injection device provided with the unit injector is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a diesel engine provided with an independent fuel injection pump, for example. it can.

[0028]

According to the diesel engine of the present invention,
When a supply pressure sensitive member is provided and the amount of fuel at the time of sudden acceleration is commensurate with the amount of air, engine stall and black smoke generation due to misfire at startup are prevented, the engine can be started in a short time, and It is possible to prevent the startability from deteriorating when increasing the output of the engine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a main part of the engine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a control configuration of the engine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a structural explanatory view of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the engine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a main part of an engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view of the engine according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a release lever of an engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Diesel Engine 2 Exhaust Turbocharger 3 Governor Device 4 Unit Injector 4a Control Rack 7 Output Lever 9 Second Relay Member 35 Air Pressure Sensitive Rod 65 Release Lever 110 First Actuator 111 Second Actuator 121 Control Device

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location F02N 17/08 B 8614-3G

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A diesel engine including a supercharger, a governor device, and a fuel injection device, a relay member displaceably supported by a stationary member, and a relay member attached to the stationary member and adapted to supply pressure. A pressure supply sensitive member that displaces is provided, and the output member of the governor device and the injection amount adjustment member of the fuel injection device are connected via the relay member, and the displacement of the relay member is blocked by the pressure supply sensitive member. As a result, the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member in the fuel increasing direction is prevented, and the position at which the displacement of the relay member is prevented by the supply pressure sensitive member is displaced in the increasing direction of the fuel due to the increase of the supply pressure to decrease the supply pressure. In the diesel engine provided with a release member for releasing the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member according to the supply pressure, the release member is released. A first actuator that operates in the removing direction, a second actuator that operates the relay member in the fuel reducing direction, and a control device that controls each actuator according to the operation timing of the engine starter are provided. A diesel engine, wherein the first actuator is operated, the first actuator is deactivated after the operation of the engine starter is terminated, the second actuator is activated, and the second actuator is deactivatable after the engine is started. .