JP2541564Y2 - diesel engine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a diesel engine for controlling a fuel injection amount according to an air supply pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An output member of a governor device of a diesel engine is linked with an injection amount adjusting member of a fuel injection device such as an independent fuel injection pump or a unit injector via a link mechanism or the like, and operates the injection amount adjusting member during acceleration. This increases the fuel injection amount. Further, the supercharger of a diesel engine increases the air supply pressure during acceleration to increase the output.

[0003]

In the case of rapid acceleration, the output member of the governor device responds promptly and is displaced in the fuel increasing direction in a short time, but until the supply pressure is increased by the supercharger. It takes more time than the governor device increases the fuel injection amount. Therefore, at the beginning of acceleration, there is a problem that air corresponding to the fuel injection amount is not supplied to the combustion chamber, and black smoke is generated due to incomplete combustion.

An object of the present invention is to provide a diesel engine that can solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0005]

A feature of the present invention is that a diesel engine having a supercharger, a governor device, and a fuel injection device is rotatably supported about a shaft by a fixed side member. A first relay member, a second relay member rotatably attached to the first relay member, and a supply air pressure sensitive member attached to the fixed side member and displaced in accordance with the supply air pressure are provided. When the output member of the governor device and the injection amount adjusting member of the fuel injection device are connected via one relay member , when both relay members rotate in one direction,
The injection amount adjustment member is displaced in the fuel increase direction, and both relay members
When rotating in the other direction, the injection amount adjustment member
Coupled so as to be displaced, in so that the the boost pressure sensitive member by the displacement of the fuel increasing direction of the injection quantity adjusting member by rotation is prevented in the second relay member blocking, the boost pressure
The sensitive member prevents the second relay member from rotating in one direction.
It is contactable with the second relay member to cut, blocking position of the rotation of the second relay member by the sheet pressure sensitive members of that is, by the lowering of the supply pressure displaces the fuel increasing direction by increasing the boost pressure In response to the air pressure, it is displaced in the fuel decreasing direction.
The members are more inflated when the supply pressure is higher than when the supply pressure is lower.
(2) In one direction until the relay member comes into contact with the air pressure sensitive member
Of the shiftable rotated until the displacement amount becomes more positions, to be able to change the blocking amount of rotational displacement of the second relay member in accordance with the charge air pressure of that, to the fixed-side member of the boost pressure sensitive member
The mounting position is a radius of rotation from the center of rotation of the second relay member.
It can be changed at a position away from
The change of the position is performed by the contact of the supply pressure sensitive member with the second relay member.
The distance in the rotation radial direction between the portion and the rotation center of the second relay member changes.
Adapted to be exposed, the second by the sheet pressure sensitive members of their
To be able to change the blocking starting position of the rotation of the relay member, the mounting position of the second relay member to the first relay member, both
By rotation of the second relay member about the rotation center of the relay member
It is possible to change the attachment position,
When the member rotates in the one direction, it rotates in the other direction
Than when the second relay member abuts on the air pressure sensitive member.
In that the amount of rotation in one direction is reduced .

[0006]

When the engine is rapidly accelerated, the first relay member rotates due to the displacement of the output member of the governor device, and the injection amount adjusting member attempts to displace in the fuel increasing direction. However, since the supply pressure is not increased by the supercharger at the beginning of the acceleration, the position where the rotation of the second relay member is stopped by the supply pressure sensitive member is displaced in the fuel decreasing direction. Therefore, at the beginning of the rapid acceleration, the displacement of the first relay member in the fuel increasing direction is prevented, and the increase in the fuel injection amount is limited.

After that, when the supply pressure is increased by the supercharger, the stop position of the rotation of the second relay member is displaced in the fuel increasing direction by the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member. Accordingly, the displacement of the first relay member in the fuel increasing direction is not prevented, and the injection amount adjusting member is displaced in the fuel increasing direction in accordance with the displacement of the output member of the governor device. That is, the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber is equal to the amount of air.

Since the fuel injection amount in a diesel engine is proportional to the maximum output of the engine, the maximum displacement of the injection amount adjusting member increases in an engine having a large maximum output, and the maximum displacement of the injection amount adjusting member decreases in the maximum output. Becomes smaller. Therefore, when the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member is prevented according to the supply air pressure, the amount of injected fuel and the amount of air become incompatible unless the amount of inhibition of the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member is changed according to the maximum output of the engine. . Therefore, the mounting position of the supply pressure sensitive member with respect to the rotation center of the second relay member can be relatively changed. Accordingly, when the maximum output of the engine is large, the distance between the supply pressure sensitive member and the rotation center of the second relay member is reduced, and the displacement amount of the second relay member according to the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member is increased. . When the maximum output of the engine is small, the distance between the supply pressure sensitive member and the rotation center of the second relay member is increased, and the displacement amount of the second relay member according to the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive member is reduced.

Further, if the start timing of preventing the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member in accordance with the supply pressure deviates from the optimum timing, the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber can be adjusted to the amount corresponding to the air amount. Disappears. Therefore, the second relay member for the first relay member
By relatively changing the mounting position of the relay member and changing the start position of inhibiting the rotation of the second relay member by the air pressure sensitive member, the start time of the inhibition of the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member according to the supply air pressure can be reduced. It is possible to set the best time.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

A multi-cylinder diesel engine 1 shown in FIG.
Is a fuel injection device including an exhaust turbocharger 2, a governor device 3, and a unit injector 4.
An engine stop device 19 is provided, and fuel is injected into each cylinder from the unit injector 4 and air is supplied from the air supply manifold 5.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a mount (fixed side member) 11 is fixed to a side surface of a gear case 1a of the engine 1 by a bolt 12, and a support shaft 13 is fixed to the mount 11.
Is rotatably mounted around the shaft 13a. An L-shaped first relay member 15 is integrally attached to one end of the support shaft 13.

An output lever (output member) 7 of the governor device 3 is connected to one end of the first relay member 15 via a link 18, and a link 8 is connected to the other end of the first relay member 15.
Are connected. The output lever 7 is the governor device 3
Swings around the center of the output shaft 6 and moves in the direction of arrow A in the figure to increase the fuel injection amount, and moves in the direction of arrow B in the figure to decrease the fuel injection amount. The link 18 has a cylindrical first member 18a and a second member 18b inserted into the first member 18a. A compression coil spring 18c is interposed between the first member 18a and the second member 18b. ing. The spring 18c is sandwiched between a flange 18b 'at the tip of the second member 18b and a cap 18a' screwed to the first member 18a.

A link 8 connected to the other end of the first relay member 15 is connected to a control rack (injection amount adjusting member) 4a of the unit injector 4, and is displaced in the direction of arrow C in FIG. The fuel injection amount is decreased by increasing the amount and displacing in the direction of arrow D in the figure.

The mount 11 is provided with a supply pressure sensing device 2.
0 is attached. This supply pressure sensing device 20
A housing 21 attached to the mount 11 by bolts and nuts 40; a diaphragm 22 for vertically dividing an internal space of the housing 21;
2 and a spring 24 inside the housing 21 for urging the rod 23 upward. The upper space inside the housing 21 is
It is connected to the air supply manifold 5 via a pipe 25. The upward movement of the diaphragm 22 is caused by the housing 2
1 is stopped by an adjusting screw 60 screwed into the diaphragm 22 from above.
The vertical movement range is adjustable.

A nut 30 is screwed to the lower end of the rod 23. One end of an L-shaped lever 33 contacts the upper surface of the nut 30. This lever 33 is attached to the housing 21 so as to be rotatable about a shaft 34. The other end of the lever 33 is in contact with one end surface of a pressure-sensitive rod (pressure-sensitive member) 35. This air pressure sensitive rod 3
5 is inserted into a guide hole 36 provided in the housing 20 and is capable of reciprocating in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft 13 (the left-right direction in FIG. 1). The supply pressure sensitive rod 35 is covered by a spring 37 sandwiched between a flange 35 a provided on the outer periphery and the housing 21.
Is pressed against the other end. The elastic force of the spring 37 is smaller than the elastic force of the spring 24. As a result, when the air supply pressure increases, the rod 23 is displaced downward, so that the air pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced rightward in FIG. 1, and when the air supply pressure is reduced, the rod 23 is displaced upward, so that the air pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced upward. The rod 23 is displaced to the left.

A second relay member 9 serving also as a stop lever is attached to the other end of the support shaft 13. For this attachment, an insertion hole 9a of the support shaft 13 and a split groove 9b communicating with the insertion hole 9a are formed in the second relay member 9.
The support shaft 13 is inserted into the insertion hole 9a, and the space between the split grooves 9b is narrowed by the bolt 46, whereby the support shaft 13 is tightened by the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 9a. Accordingly, the second relay member 9 rotates together with the first relay member 15 via the support shaft 13.

The second relay member 9 is connected to an arrow E in FIG.
When the motor is rotated in the direction of the arrow and displaced to the stop position F indicated by the imaginary line, this displacement is transmitted from the first relay member 15 to the control rack 4a via the link 8, and the control rack 4a is displaced to the non-injection position and the engine is displaced. 1 stops.

When the output lever 7 of the governor device 3 is displaced in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 to increase the fuel injection amount, the displacement of the output lever 7
The power is transmitted to the second relay member 9 via the first relay member 15 and the support shaft 13, and the second relay member 9 tends to be displaced in the arrow G direction in the figure. The displacement of the second relay member 9 in the direction of arrow G is prevented when the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 abuts on the second relay member when the supply air pressure is not increasing.
By preventing the rotation of the second relay member 9, the control rack 4a is prevented from being displaced in the fuel increasing direction.

In this embodiment, the displacement of the output lever 7 of the governor device 3 is allowed even when the rotation of the second relay member 9 is blocked by the supply pressure sensitive rod 35.
This prevents an excessive force from acting on the governor device 3. That is, the link 18 connecting the output lever 7 of the governor device and the first relay member 15 is connected to the first relay member 15 as described above.
The compression coil spring 1 is disposed between the member 18a and the second member 18b.
Since the second relay member 9 is interposed, even if the rotation of the second relay member 9 is blocked by the air pressure sensitive rod 35, the displacement of the output lever 7 in the fuel increasing direction is allowed by the compression deformation of the spring 18c. .

The position where the rotation of the second relay member 9 is stopped by the pressure-sensitive rod 35 is set in the fuel increasing direction (arrow H) because the pressure-sensitive rod 35 is displaced rightward in FIG. 1), and the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 is displaced to the left in FIG. 1 due to the decrease of the supply pressure, so that it is displaced in the fuel decreasing direction (the direction of arrow I).

Thus, when the engine 1 is rapidly accelerated, even if the output lever 7 of the governor device 3 is displaced in the fuel increasing direction, the boost pressure of the supercharger 2 increases at the beginning of the acceleration. Therefore, the position at which the rotation of the second relay member 9 is stopped by the supply pressure sensitive rod 22 is displaced in the fuel decreasing direction. Therefore, the control rack 4a is prevented from being displaced in the fuel increasing direction, and the increase in the fuel injection amount is limited. Thereafter, when the supply pressure is increased by the supercharger 2, the position where the rotation of the second relay member 9 is stopped is displaced in the fuel increasing direction due to the displacement of the supply pressure sensitive rod 35. Then, the displacement of the output lever of the governor device 3 is transmitted to the control rack 4a by the restoration of the spring 18c, and the control rack 4a is displaced in the fuel increasing direction. As a result, the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber of the engine is equal to the amount of air, and the generation of black smoke during rapid acceleration is prevented.

In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the amount of movement of the control rack 4a and the supply pressure sensitive rod 3.
5, the solid line indicates the relationship between the time and the supercharging pressure when the engine is rapidly accelerated, and the broken line indicates the relationship between the time and the moving amount of the charging pressure sensitive rod 35. The dashed-dotted line indicates the relationship between the time and the amount of movement of the control rack 4a when the fuel injection amount is controlled according to the supply air pressure, and the two-dot dashed line controls the fuel injection amount according to the supply air pressure. The relationship between the time and the movement amount of the control rack 4a when there is no control rack 4a is shown. From this, the supply pressure sensitive rod 35
, The control rack 4a is displaced in accordance with the supply pressure, the fuel injection amount is increased in accordance with the supply pressure, and the fuel injection amount is controlled in accordance with the air amount. It can be confirmed that the amount is appropriate.

The maximum displacement of the control rack 4a shown by the vertical axis in FIG. 3 is proportional to the maximum output of the engine.
The maximum displacement of the control rack 4a decreases as the maximum displacement of the control rack 4a decreases and the maximum output decreases. Therefore, the amount of inhibition of the displacement of the second relay member 9 in the fuel increasing direction by the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 must be increased when the maximum output of the engine is large, and reduced when the maximum output of the engine is small. is there. Therefore, the mounting position of the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 with respect to the rotation center of the second relay member 9 can be relatively changed.

That is, in this embodiment, the mounting of the housing 21 of the air pressure sensitive device 20 to the mount 11 is performed by using the long hole 50 formed in the mount 11 and the long hole 5.
The mounting position of the housing 21 with respect to the mount 11 can be changed up and down in this embodiment. Thereby, when the distance between the rotation center of the second relay member 9 and the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 becomes smaller, the second relay member 9
Can be increased, and when the distance between the rotation center of the second relay member 9 and the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 increases, the amount of rotation inhibition of the second relay member 9 can be reduced. Thus, the displacement of the control rack 4a is prevented according to the maximum displacement amount of the control rack 4a according to the maximum output of the engine according to the supply air pressure, and the fuel injection amount can be controlled.

If the start timing of preventing the displacement of the control rack 4a in accordance with the air supply pressure is later than the optimal timing, the amount of air is insufficient and black smoke is generated, and if it is earlier, the fuel is insufficient and the engine stops. Would. Therefore, in order to change and adjust the stop start timing of the control rack 4a according to the air supply pressure, the second relay member 9 by the air pressure sensitive rod 35 is used.
Can be changed. That is, as described above, the second relay member 9 is attached to the support shaft 13 via the bolt 46, and by loosening the bolt 46, the second relay member 9 and the first relay member 15 are connected to the support shaft 13. Relative rotation is possible. This first
The relative rotation between the relay member 15 and the second relay member 9 can adjust the distance in the left-right direction between the second relay member 9 and the air pressure sensitive rod 35 in FIG. 2 The blocking start position of the relay member 9 can be changed. Thereby, the prevention of the displacement of the control rack 4a can be started at an optimum timing according to the supply pressure.

In the present embodiment, the amount of screwing of the nut 30 into the rod 23 of the air pressure sensing device 20 or the amount of screwing of the adjusting screw 60 into the housing 21 is changed to change the amount of displacement of the diaphragm 22. Thus, the amount of inhibition of the displacement of the control rack 4a and the fine adjustment of the inhibition start timing can be made. Since the amount of displacement of the diaphragm 22 is small, the diaphragm 2
It is not possible to sufficiently adjust the displacement of the control rack 4a in accordance with the maximum output of the engine or the timing of starting the inhibition only by the adjustment of the displacement amount of 2.

A release lever 65 is connected to the lever 33. When the release lever 65 is rotated in the direction of arrow J in the drawing, the contact between the lever 33 and the supply pressure sensitive rod 35 is released, and the control rack is released. The inhibition of the movement of 4a in the fuel increasing direction is released. This is because it is necessary to increase the fuel amount even when the supply pressure is not increased when starting the engine or when improving the acceleration performance.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

For example, in the above embodiment, the second relay member is also used as a stop lever of the engine, but it is not always necessary to use the second relay member also. Further, in the above embodiment, by displacing the air pressure sensitive member with respect to the fixed side, the air pressure sensitive member and the second air pressure sensitive member are displaced.
Although the relative position with respect to the rotation center of the relay member has been changed, the rotation center of the second relay member may be displaced with respect to the fixed-side member. Also,
You may make it change the relative position of a 1st relay member with respect to a 2nd relay member, In short, what is necessary is just to be able to change the relative position of both. Further, in the above embodiment, the fuel injection device having the unit injector is shown.However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to a diesel engine having an independent fuel injection pump. it can.

[0031]

According to the diesel engine of the present invention, regardless of the maximum output of the engine, the displacement of the injection amount adjusting member is controlled at an optimal timing according to the supply pressure.
The amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber at the time of rapid acceleration can be set to an optimal amount corresponding to the amount of air, and black smoke due to incomplete combustion can be prevented without stopping the engine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a main part of a diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a main part of the diesel engine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the diesel engine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of an engine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Diesel engine 2 Exhaust turbocharger 3 Governor device 4 Unit injector 4a Control rack 7 Output lever 9 2nd relay member 15 1st relay member 35 Supply pressure sensitive rod

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A diesel engine including a supercharger, a governor device, and a fuel injection device, wherein a first member rotatably supported about a shaft by a fixed-side member.
A relay member; and a second relay member rotatably attached to the first relay member.
A relay member, and a supply air pressure sensitive member attached to the stationary member and displaced in accordance with the supply air pressure are provided. The output member of the governor device and the injection amount of the fuel injection device are adjusted via the first relay member. Member and both relay members are one
When rotating in the direction, the injection amount adjustment member is displaced in the fuel increase direction.
When both relay members rotate in the other direction, the injection amount adjustment member
There are connected so as to be displaced in the fuel decreasing direction, the by boost pressure sensitive member so that displacement is prevented to the fuel increasing direction of the injection quantity adjusting member by rotation of the second relay member is prevented, the sheet The air pressure sensitive member is a second relay member
To prevent rotation in one direction,
It is can abut, as blocking position of the rotation of the second relay member by the sheet pressure sensitive members of that is displaced in the fuel decreasing direction by the lowering of the displaced fuel increasing direction by increasing the boost pressure boost pressure ,That
The supply air pressure sensitive member reduces the supply pressure when the supply pressure rises
Until the second relay member comes into contact with the air pressure sensitive member
Can be displaced to a position where the amount of rotational displacement in one direction increases.
Is, to be able to change the blocking amount of rotational displacement of the second relay member in accordance with the charge air pressure of that, the fixed-side member of the boost pressure sensitive member
The mounting position to the rotation from the rotation center of the second relay member
It can be changed at radially distant positions.
The change of the attachment position is performed by connecting the supply pressure sensitive member with the second relay member.
Rotational radial distance between the contact portion and the rotation center of the second relay member
There is adapted to be changed, to be able to change the blocking starting position of the rotation of the second relay member by the sheet pressure sensitive members of that, first with respect to the first relay member 2
The mounting position of the relay member is around the rotation center of both relay members.
Can be changed by rotating the second relay member.
To change the attachment position, rotate the second relay member in the one direction.
When the second relay member than when rotating in the other direction
The amount of rotation in one direction until the
Diesel engine characterized by being reduced .