JPH0663761A - Spot welding method for multiple-layered steel sheets and multiple-layered steel sheets used for this method - Google Patents
Spot welding method for multiple-layered steel sheets and multiple-layered steel sheets used for this methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0663761A JPH0663761A JP4234149A JP23414992A JPH0663761A JP H0663761 A JPH0663761 A JP H0663761A JP 4234149 A JP4234149 A JP 4234149A JP 23414992 A JP23414992 A JP 23414992A JP H0663761 A JPH0663761 A JP H0663761A
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- Prior art keywords
- iron
- aluminum
- based material
- plate
- steel sheets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、主として自動車、鉄道
車両、船舶、建築構造物、調理器等に用いられる軽量化
を目的とした鉄系材料とアルミニウム系材料からなる複
層鋼板のスポット溶接方法及びこの方法に用いられる複
層鋼板に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to spot welding of a multi-layer steel sheet composed of an iron-based material and an aluminum-based material, which is mainly used for automobiles, railroad vehicles, ships, building structures, cookers, etc. for the purpose of weight reduction. The present invention relates to a method and a multi-layer steel sheet used in this method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、軽量化を目的とした板材、すなわ
ち、鉄系材料とアルミニウム系材料とからなる複層鋼板
等があるが、その溶接方法として色々な方法が図２に示
すように行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a plate material for the purpose of weight reduction, that is, a multi-layered steel plate composed of an iron-based material and an aluminum-based material, and various welding methods are used as shown in FIG. It is being appreciated.
【０００３】図２は、従来の溶接方法を示した説明図で
ある。図２において、１，３及び４，６は鉄系材料の板
を、２，５はアルミニウム系材料の板をそれぞれ示し、
２枚の複層鋼板７，８が電極９，１０によってスポット
溶接されている。図２から明らかなように、一回の通電
による溶接では、アルミニウムが溶接部に残存している
のがわかる。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a conventional welding method. In FIG. 2, 1, 3 and 4, 6 are iron-based material plates, and 2 and 5 are aluminum-based material plates.
Two multi-layer steel plates 7 and 8 are spot-welded by electrodes 9 and 10. As is clear from FIG. 2, it is understood that aluminum remains in the welded portion after the welding is performed once by energizing.
【０００４】この溶接の具体的方法としては、例えば第
１の方法として、鉄系材料の板とアルミニウム系材料の
板からなり、かつその最外層が鉄系材料である３層以上
の複層鋼板をスポット溶接する際、溶接時の電流値と加
圧力を調整してアルミニウムを溶接部から押し出す、あ
るいは鉄層の穴からアルミニウムを溶融・吹き出させて
逃がすことにより、金属間化合物の形成を防ぐ方法が特
公平４−１３６７３６号公報等に開示されている。As a concrete method of this welding, for example, as a first method, a multi-layer steel sheet having three or more layers, which is composed of a plate of an iron material and a plate of an aluminum material, and the outermost layer of which is an iron material. Method to prevent the formation of intermetallic compounds by spot-welding aluminum by extruding aluminum from the weld by adjusting the current value and pressure during welding, or by melting and blowing aluminum out of the holes in the iron layer to escape. Is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-136736.
【０００５】また、第２の方法として、特公平４−１３
６７３７号公報には、鉄系材料の板とアルミニウム系材
料の板からなる複層鋼板をスポット溶接する際、溶接時
の電流値をある値以下に設定することにより、溶接部で
の金属間化合物の形成を防ぐ方法が記載されている。As a second method, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-13
No. 6737 discloses an intermetallic compound in a welded portion when spot welding a multi-layered steel sheet made of a plate made of an iron-based material and a plate made of an aluminum-based material by setting a current value during welding to a certain value or less. A method of preventing the formation of
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】鉄系材料とアルミニウ
ム系材料からなり、かつ最外層が鉄系材料である３層以
上の複層鋼板をスポット溶接する場合、溶接電流が高く
なると溶接部で脆弱な金属間化合物が形成され、また電
流値が低い場合にも、複層鋼板のＦｅ／Ａｌ界面で金属
間化合物が形成される。In the case of spot welding a multi-layer steel sheet composed of iron-based material and aluminum-based material and having the outermost layer of iron-based material and having three or more layers, the welded portion becomes brittle when the welding current becomes high. An intermetallic compound is formed, and even when the current value is low, the intermetallic compound is formed at the Fe / Al interface of the multilayer steel sheet.
【０００７】また、上記のような従来のスポット溶接方
法には、下記のような欠点がある。すなわち、上記第１
の方法には、 電流値と加圧力の組み合わせが難しく、操作が煩雑で
ある。 アルミニウムを完全に押し出すことは難しい。そし
て、アルミニウムが溶接部に残存すると、上記のように
脆弱な金属間化合物が形成される怖れがある。 アルミニウムを逃すための穴の加工が必要であり、ま
た、外部にアルミニウムが散る。Further, the conventional spot welding method as described above has the following drawbacks. That is, the first
In this method, it is difficult to combine the current value and the applied pressure, and the operation is complicated. It is difficult to extrude aluminum completely. Then, if aluminum remains in the welded portion, there is a fear that a brittle intermetallic compound is formed as described above. It is necessary to make a hole to escape aluminum, and aluminum is scattered outside.
【０００８】また、第２の方法には、 板厚比が変化した場合等、電流値の設定が難しい。 複層鋼板のＦｅ／Ａｌ界面で、金属間化合物が形成さ
れる。In the second method, it is difficult to set the current value when the plate thickness ratio changes. An intermetallic compound is formed at the Fe / Al interface of the multilayer steel sheet.
【０００９】本発明における複層鋼板のスポット溶接方
法は、かかる課題を解決するためになされたもので、溶
接箇所で鉄とアルミニウムの金属間化合物を形成させる
ことなく、複層鋼板同士または複層鋼板と鉄系材料の板
とを強固に溶接することのできる方法及びその方法に用
いる材料を提供することを目的とする。The spot welding method for a multi-layer steel sheet according to the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is possible to form a multi-layer steel sheet or a multi-layer steel sheet without forming an intermetallic compound of iron and aluminum at the welded portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of strongly welding a steel plate and a plate made of an iron-based material and a material used for the method.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、この発明は、請求項１において、鉄系材料の板と
アルミニウム系材料の板とからなり、かつ最外層が鉄系
材料の板である３層以上の複層鋼板同士を、あるいは、
この複層鋼板と鉄系材料の板とをスポット溶接する際、
１ステップ目の通電で前記複層鋼板の内層のアルミニウ
ムを軟化させ、加圧力によって溶接部以外の領域に押し
出して除去し、２ステップ目の通電で鉄層のみを積層さ
せてスポット溶接することにより、溶接部で鉄とアルミ
ニウムの金属間化合物を形成させることなく、複層鋼板
同士または複層鋼板と鉄系材料の板とを強固に溶接する
方法であり、かつ請求項１記載の複層鋼板のスポット溶
接方法に用いるための鉄系材料の板とアルミニウム系材
料の板からなり、かつ最外層が鉄系材料の板である３層
以上の複層鋼板であって、鉄系材料の板厚が０．１〜
１．０ｍｍで、アルミニウム系材料の板厚が０．１〜
２．５ｍｍで、かつ鉄系材料とアルミニウム系材料の板
厚比が１０：１〜１：２０である軟化し易く、変形し易
い材料から構成されたものである。また、本発明に用い
る複層鋼板において、鉄系材料とアルミニウム系材料を
接合する方法は、爆着，圧延，ろう付け等いずれの方法
であってもよい。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention comprises, in claim 1, a plate made of an iron material and a plate made of an aluminum material, and the outermost layer is made of an iron material. 3 or more layers of multi-layer steel plates, which are plates, or
When spot welding this multi-layer steel plate and a plate of iron-based material,
By the first step of energizing, the aluminum in the inner layer of the multi-layer steel sheet is softened and extruded to a region other than the welded portion by pressing force, and by the second step of energizing, only the iron layer is laminated and spot welded. 2. A method for firmly welding multi-layer steel plates to each other or to each other and a multi-layer steel plate and a plate made of an iron-based material without forming an intermetallic compound of iron and aluminum at the welded portion, and the multi-layer steel plate according to claim 1. Which is a multi-layer steel plate of three or more layers, which is composed of an iron-based material plate and an aluminum-based material plate, and whose outermost layer is an iron-based material plate, for use in the spot welding method of Is 0.1
The thickness of the aluminum material is 1.0 mm and is 0.1 to 0.1 mm.
It is made of a material that is 2.5 mm and has a plate thickness ratio of an iron-based material and an aluminum-based material of 10: 1 to 1:20, which is easily softened and easily deformed. In the multi-layer steel sheet used in the present invention, the method of joining the iron-based material and the aluminum-based material may be any method such as explosion welding, rolling, brazing and the like.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】本発明の方法によれば、１ステップ目の通電で
複層鋼板の内層のアルミニウムを軟化させ、溶接部以外
の領域にアルミニウムを押し出し、２ステップ目の通電
で、鉄とアルミニウムの金属間化合物を形成させること
なく、複層鋼板同士または複層鋼板と鉄系材料の板とを
強固に溶接することができる。According to the method of the present invention, the aluminum in the inner layer of the multi-layered steel sheet is softened by the first step of energization, the aluminum is extruded in the region other than the welded portion, and the metal of iron and aluminum is extruded by the second step of energization. It is possible to firmly weld the multi-layered steel plates to each other or to the multi-layered steel plate and the iron-based material plate without forming an intermetallic compound.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】図１は本発明の一実施例である溶接方法を説
明する図で、図１（ａ）は１ステップ目の低電流におけ
る通電時を示し、同時（ｂ）は２ステップ目の高電流に
おける通電時を示した図である。図１中、図２に示した
ものと同一符号は同一または同一の機能を有するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) shows the first step during energization at low current, and (b) shows the second step during energization. It is the figure which showed the time of energization in high current. In FIG. 1, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 2 indicate the same or the same functions.
【００１３】複層鋼板の溶接に際しては、アルミニウム
の残存する部分があると、金属間化合物ができる可能性
があるので、図１（ａ）では、１ステップ目の通電とし
て、アルミニウムを軟化させる状態にして、溶接部から
外部に押し出し、次に電流を上げて、図１（ｂ）に示す
ように２ステップ目で定格電流によって通電を行って溶
接する。When welding a multi-layered steel sheet, if there is a portion where aluminum remains, an intermetallic compound may be formed. Therefore, in FIG. 1 (a), the aluminum is softened as the first step of energization. Then, it is extruded from the welded portion to the outside, then the current is increased, and as shown in FIG. 1 (b), welding is performed by energizing with the rated current in the second step.
【００１４】したがって、溶接部ではアルミニウムが外
へ押し出されてしまうので、鉄系材料の板が４枚重なっ
た状態でナゲット１１，１２，１３が形成され、溶接さ
れている。 〈試験例１〉０．２ｍｍの冷延鋼板１，３（４，６）と
０．４ｍｍのアルミニウム板（Ａ１０５０）２（５）か
らなり、最外層が冷延鋼板であるＦｅ／Ａｌ／Ｆｅの３
層複層鋼板７，８同士を、ドーム型電極（４０Ｒ−６
φ）９，１０を用い、加圧力２００Ｋｇ、溶接電流−１
ステップ目：７ＫＡ，２ステップ目：１１ＫＡ、通電時
間３００ｍｓ（１ステップ目：１００ｍｓ，２ステップ
目：２００ｍｓ）でスポット溶接を行った。溶接部の断
面組織を観察すると、図１に示すように、内層のアルミ
ニウム２，５が溶接部以外の領域に押し出されており、
複層鋼板７，８の構成素材である４層の冷延鋼板層１，
３，４，６が相互に溶接されていた。また、金属間化合
物は形成されていなかった。２ステップ目の溶接電流値
を上げても同様の結果が得られた。Therefore, since aluminum is extruded to the outside at the welded portion, the nuggets 11, 12 and 13 are formed and welded in a state where four iron-based material plates are superposed. <Test Example 1> Fe / Al / Fe in which cold rolled steel sheets 1, 3 (4, 6) of 0.2 mm and an aluminum plate (A1050) 2 (5) of 0.4 mm are used and the outermost layer is a cold rolled steel sheet. Of 3
Domed electrode (40R-6
φ) 9,10, pressure 200kg, welding current -1
Spot welding was performed at the step: 7 KA, the second step: 11 KA, and the energization time was 300 ms (first step: 100 ms, second step: 200 ms). When observing the cross-sectional structure of the welded portion, as shown in FIG. 1, the aluminum 2 and 5 of the inner layer are extruded into the region other than the welded portion,
4 layers of cold-rolled steel sheet layers 1, which are the constituent materials of the multi-layer steel sheets 7 and 8.
3, 4, 6 were welded to each other. In addition, no intermetallic compound was formed. Similar results were obtained even when the welding current value in the second step was increased.
【００１５】〈試験例２〉試験例１において、同様の電
極を用い、２ステップではなく、１ステップで通電を行
い（但し、溶接電流：１１ＫＡ、通電時間：２００ｍ
ｓ）溶接を行った。溶接部の断面組織観察を行うと、図
２に示すように、内層のアルミニウム層は残存したまま
であった。また、溶接電流値を１６ＫＡにすると、金属
間化合物が形成されていた。 〈試験例３〉試験例１において、複層鋼板７，８の構成
素材である冷延鋼板１，３，４，６をステンレス（ＳＵ
Ｓ３０４，ＳＵＳ４３０）に変えても、また、アルミニ
ウム（Ａ１０５０）２，５の材質をＡ３００４，Ａ５０
５２に変えても同様の結果が得られた。また、複層鋼板
７，８において、鉄系材料とアルミニウム系材料の板厚
比を１０：１〜１：２０に変えても、１ステップ目の電
流値と加圧力を適当に選ぶことにより、同様の結果が得
られた。<Test Example 2> In Test Example 1, the same electrodes were used to carry out the energization in one step instead of two steps (however, welding current: 11 KA, energization time: 200 m).
s) Welding was performed. When the cross-sectional structure of the welded portion was observed, as shown in FIG. 2, the inner aluminum layer remained. Moreover, when the welding current value was set to 16 KA, an intermetallic compound was formed. <Test Example 3> In Test Example 1, cold-rolled steel plates 1, 3, 4, and 6, which are constituent materials of the multi-layer steel plates 7 and 8, were made of stainless steel (SU).
S304, SUS430), the material of aluminum (A1050) 2, 5 is A3004, A50
Similar results were obtained even when the number was changed to 52. Further, in the multi-layer steel sheets 7 and 8, even if the plate thickness ratio of the iron-based material and the aluminum-based material is changed from 10: 1 to 1:20, by appropriately selecting the current value and the pressing force in the first step, Similar results were obtained.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上説明した通り、本発明の溶接方法
は、１ステップ目の通電で複層鋼板の内層のアルミニウ
ムを軟化させ、加圧によって溶接部以外の領域に押し出
すことにより、溶接部で鉄とアルミニウムの金属間化合
物を形成させることなく、複層鋼板同士または複層鋼板
と鉄系材料の板とを強固に溶接することが可能となっ
た。As described above, in the welding method of the present invention, the aluminum in the inner layer of the multi-layer steel sheet is softened by the first step of energization and is extruded to a region other than the welded portion by pressurization, so that the welded portion is not welded. It has become possible to firmly weld the multi-layered steel plates to each other or the multi-layered steel plates and the plate of the iron-based material without forming an intermetallic compound of iron and aluminum.
【図１】本発明の一実施例である溶接方法を説明するた
めの図で、（ａ）は１ステップ目の低電流通電時，
（ｂ）は２ステップ目の高電流通電時の状態をそれぞれ
示した図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a low current for the first step,
(B) is a diagram showing a state when a high current is supplied in the second step.
【図２】従来の３層の複層鋼板の溶接時の状態を示した
図である。FIG. 2 is a view showing a state during welding of a conventional three-layer double-layer steel sheet.
１，３，４，６ 鉄系材料の板 ２，５ アルミニウム系材料の板 ７，８ ３層の複層鋼板 ９，１０ 電極 １１，１２，１３ ナゲット 1,3,4,6 Iron-based material plate 2,5 Aluminum-based material plate 7,8 Three-layer multi-layer steel plate 9,10 Electrode 11,12,13 Nugget
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 織田 昌彦 兵庫県姫路市広畑区富士町１番地 新日本 製鐵株式会社広畑製鐵所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masahiko Oda 1 Fuji-machi, Hirohata-ku, Himeji-shi, Hyogo Shin Nippon Steel Corp. Hirohata Works
Claims (2)
とからなり、かつ最外層が鉄系材料の板である３層以上
の複層鋼板同士を、あるいは、この複層鋼板と鉄系材料
の板とをスポット溶接する際、１ステップ目の通電で前
記複層鋼板の内層のアルミニウムを軟化させ、溶接部以
外の領域に押し出して除去し、２ステップ目の通電で鉄
層のみを積層させてスポット溶接することにより、溶接
部で鉄とアルミニウムの金属間化合物を形成させること
なく、複層鋼板同士または複層鋼板と鉄系材料の板とを
強固に溶接する複層鋼板のスポット溶接方法。1. A multi-layered steel plate comprising iron-based material plates and aluminum-based material plates, the outermost layer of which is an iron-based material plate, having three or more layers, or this multi-layered steel plate and iron-based material. When spot welding with a plate of material, the aluminum in the inner layer of the multi-layer steel sheet is softened by the first step of energization and extruded to an area other than the welded portion, and only the iron layer is laminated by the second step of energization. Spot welding of multi-layered steel plates to firmly weld the multi-layered steel plates to each other or to the multi-layered steel plates and the iron-based material plate without forming an intermetallic compound of iron and aluminum in the welded portion. Method.
方法に用いるための鉄系材料の板とアルミニウム系材料
の板からなり、かつ最外層が鉄系材料の板である３層以
上の複層鋼板であって、鉄系材料の板厚が０．１〜１．
０ｍｍで、アルミニウム系材料の板厚が０．１〜２．５
ｍｍで、かつ鉄系材料とアルミニウム系材料の板厚比が
１０：１〜１：２０である軟化し易く、変形し易い材料
から構成されたことを特徴とする複層鋼板。2. A three or more layer comprising an iron-based material plate and an aluminum-based material plate for use in the spot welding method for a multilayer steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the outermost layer is an iron-based material plate. It is a multi-layer steel plate, and the plate thickness of the iron-based material is 0.1 to 1.
0 mm, the thickness of the aluminum material is 0.1-2.5
mm, and the plate thickness ratio of the iron-based material and the aluminum-based material is 10: 1 to 1:20, which is composed of a material that is easily softened and easily deformed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4234149A JPH0663761A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1992-08-11 | Spot welding method for multiple-layered steel sheets and multiple-layered steel sheets used for this method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4234149A JPH0663761A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1992-08-11 | Spot welding method for multiple-layered steel sheets and multiple-layered steel sheets used for this method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0663761A true JPH0663761A (en) | 1994-03-08 |
Family
ID=16966419
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4234149A Withdrawn JPH0663761A (en) | 1992-08-11 | 1992-08-11 | Spot welding method for multiple-layered steel sheets and multiple-layered steel sheets used for this method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0663761A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0865860A1 (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1998-09-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of lap joining two kinds of metallic members having different melting points |
-
1992
- 1992-08-11 JP JP4234149A patent/JPH0663761A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0865860A1 (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1998-09-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of lap joining two kinds of metallic members having different melting points |
| EP0865860A4 (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 2001-08-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method of lap joining two kinds of metallic members having different melting points |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 19991102 |