JPH0663421B2 - How to build an underground structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground structure that crosses under a railroad track or under a road.

[Conventional technology]

As a measure against a railroad crossing accident and road traffic congestion, an underground structure for constructing a three-dimensional intersection between a railroad and a road has been conventionally constructed.

As a method of constructing such an underground structure, after excavating vertical shafts on both sides of a track or road, a friction cut member is arranged on the surface in contact with the ground from one vertical shaft side to the other vertical shaft. A plurality of rectangular pipes with a rectangular cross-section are press-fitted in a parallel state at least in the upper floor cross-section position of the planned underground passage to form a pipe roof that penetrates the planned underground passage between the compatible shafts, and then one of the vertical shaft sides. In the state where the front end face of the ready-made underground structure is brought into contact with the rear end face of the pipe roof, the underground structure is propelled while excavating and removing the earth and sand inside the underground structure, and the friction cut member is grounded. The method of replacing the pipe roof with the underground structure is adopted.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, according to the method described above, before the underground work is buried, a plurality of pipes are sequentially press-fitted to form a pipe roof over the coexisting pit. In case of encountering the above, a worker must enter the pipe to remove the obstacle, and therefore, a large-sized pipe must be used, which deteriorates the workability of press fitting. Together with this, it will lead to soaring construction costs.

Furthermore, it is difficult to press-fit the pipes in the horizontal direction with high accuracy and it is necessary to press-fit multiple pipes in series while press-fitting between the compatible shafts. The lower surface of the pipe roof formed by press-fitting into the pipe has irregularities, which hinders smooth propulsion of the underground structure after that.

Further, since the pipes are press-fitted one by one, there is a problem that a great amount of time, labor and construction cost are increased.

The present invention provides a method for constructing an underground structure aiming at solving such problems.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The first invention of the present invention which achieves the above object,
A method of constructing an underground structure immediately below a road or track, first of all, a ground surface of the road or track is excavated to a depth reaching the upper floor of the underground structure to be constructed, and a flat plate or rod-shaped object is formed on the bottom surface of the excavation. After laying the girder material such as in the plane direction and then backfilling it to restore the road or track, and then excavate the ground through the hollow interior of the ready-made underground structure and while supporting the girder material by its upper floor, It is characterized in that the underground structure is advanced from one side of the road or track toward the other side.

The second invention is a method of constructing an underground structure immediately below a road or track, in which a ground surface of the road or track is excavated and opened, and a flat plate, a rod-shaped object or the like is formed on the bottom surface of the excavation. Of the girders are laid in the plane direction and the upper surface of the girders is made to approximately match the upper surface of the underground structure to be constructed, and thin edge plates are placed on these girders and then backfilled to restore the road or track. Then, after that, with the rear end face of the girder abutted against and supported by the front end face of the upper floor of the prefabricated underground structure, the ground is excavated through the hollow interior of the underground structure, and the edging material is underground. The underground structure characterized by advancing the underground structure from one side surface of the road or track to the other side surface while replacing the girder material and the upper floor along the lower surface of the edging material left in place. Related to the construction method.

[Work]

Before carrying out the work to promote and bury the underground structure in the ground,
First, excavate and open a ground surface of a road or track to a depth that reaches the upper floor of an underground structure to be built, lay girder materials such as flat plates and rod-shaped objects in parallel in the plane direction on the bottom of the excavation, and then backfill the road. Alternatively, since the track is restored, the girder laying work can be performed more quickly than the conventional pipe roof burying means by press fitting the pipe, and the girder can be laid in an accurate arrangement on the horizontal plane. .

Further, the planned height position of the underground structure can be accurately set by the above-mentioned ground surface excavation depth and can be set to the minimum required depth, so that the underground structure can be built in a shallow position, In some cases the approach will be shorter.

Further, after backfilling, the train load and the like can be received by the girder material and the underground structure can be safely advanced. At this time, in the first aspect of the invention, the underground structure advances using the lower surface of the girder as a guide, while in the second aspect of the invention, the girder material is moved downward by the upper floor of the underground structure to form the lower surface of the edging material. The girder material can be reused for the construction of the next underground structure by sliding it to the floor and replacing it with the upper floor.

Next, a concrete embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings on a method of constructing an underpass that traverses under a track.

[Example 1] First, the sleepers (2) of the track (1) existing on the area over at least the width and the entire length of the planned underpass are removed, and the ballast and earth and sand (3) on the ground surface on the area are removed. Excavation and removal are performed to the planned height position of the underground structure that constitutes the underpass, that is, to the depth reaching the upper floor (4a) of the underground structure (4) (Figs. 1 and 2).

Next, a mortar layer (5) is applied to the bottom surface of the excavation and laid to eliminate unevenness (concavities and convexities) on the bottom surface of the excavation, and a flat horizontal surface is prepared to finish at the height of the upper floor (4a).

Then, a vinyl sheet (6) is laid on the mortar layer (5), and a rectangular plate-like material such as a square steel pipe or a PC plate or a girder material (7) such as an H-shaped steel is laid on the vinyl sheet (6). Are laid in parallel.

The vinyl sheet (6) is provided to prevent the mortar from adhering to the girder material (7).

The girder material (7) has a constant length and width or diameter, and the girder materials (7) and (7) adjacent to each other with the length direction of the girder material (7) directed toward both side surfaces of the track (1). Are arranged side by side with their end faces in the longitudinal direction being in close contact with each other. The girder material (7) may have a long length substantially equal to the length of the planned underground passage, or may have a short length connected by welding or the like to have a desired length. .

After laying the girder material (7) in this way, the ballast (3) is backfilled and the sleepers (2) are laid to restore the track (1).

In addition, the laying work of the girder material (7) is carried out at night when the train does not pass, and at this time, the plane area of the construction pavement underpass,
That is, when the area is large, the laying area may be divided and the operation may be sequentially performed.

Next, the starting side vertical shaft (8) and the reaching side vertical shaft (9) of the ready-made underground structure (4) are to be excavated on both sides of the track (1), but at least the starting side vertical shaft (8). In some cases, it may be enough to excavate.

After that, a prefabricated underground structure (4) with a rectangular cross-section having a predetermined planned height and width in the starting shaft (8) is slid onto the lower surface of the girder (7) with the upper surface of the upper floor (4a). It is arranged so that it touches.

This underground structure (4) may be formed in the starting side shaft (8), or it may be produced in another place and installed in the starting side shaft (8).

Next, a blade mouth (10) matching the end face shape is integrally fixed to the front end face of the underground structure (4) to be buried first, and the underground structure (4) The reaction wall (1) provided on the rear end surface and the rear wall surface of the starting shaft (8)
A plurality of jacks (13) are installed between the 1) and a spacer (12), and a turn is made between the rear end of the girder (7) and a fixed point such as a reaction wall (11). Connect with a connecting member (14) such as a buckle.

In order to facilitate the promotion of the underground structure (4), a lubricant (16) is laid on the bottom of the shaft (8), and the underground structure (4) is slidably mounted on the lubricant. It is desirable to place it.

Then, when the jack (13) is actuated and the underground structure (4) is pressed, the underground structure (4) moves to the upper floor (4
While advancing along the lower surface of the girder material (7) fixed by the connecting member (14) to the lower surface of the a), the ground is cut by the cutting edge of the blade mouth (10), and the earth and sand are removed. It is taken into the underground structure (4). The jack (13) actuation and the spacer (1
The underground structure (4) is buried in the ground by repeating the intervention of 2).

At this time, since the girder material (7) is fixed by the connecting member (14) in spite of the advance of the underground structure (4), the ballast and earth and sand on the track (1) side do not move, and It is possible to reliably support the weight of the train on the underground structure (4) being buried via the girder material (7) and prevent the collapse of the earth and sand on the excavated face.

Furthermore, since the vinyl sheet (6) is interposed between the girder material (7) and the mortar layer (5), mortar, earth and sand, etc. do not adhere to the girder material (7), and the underground structure (4 ) Is reduced and the excavation becomes easier.

In this way, propel the unit length underground structure (4) into the ground,
After the burial, the next underground structure (4) is connected to the rear end surface of the underground structure (4) and pushed forward with the excavation of the ground by the same work as described above, and this work is repeated to carry out the foreground underground structure ( 4) is made to communicate with the arrival side shaft (9), and an underground passage consisting of a plurality of underground structures (4) (4) ... (4) that is continuous in series is constructed between the compatible shafts (8) and (9). Is.

In addition, propulsion of the underground structure (4) is performed by pressing jack (13).
Alternatively, a steel wire penetrating from the reaching side vertical shaft (9) to the starting side vertical shaft (8) may be provided, and the underground structure (4) may be towed by the steel wire to be propelled. .

Example 2 In the above example, the girder material (7) was buried in the ground, but in this embodiment, the girder material (7) can be recovered and reused.

First, similar to the above-mentioned embodiment, the sleepers (2) of the track (1) existing on the area over at least the width and the entire length of the planned underpass are removed, and the ballast and the earth and sand (3) on the ground surface on the area are removed. ) Is excavated and removed to a planned height position of the underground structure constituting the underpass, that is, to a depth at which the upper floor (4a) of the underground structure (4) can be buried.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, a mortar layer (5) is applied and laid on the bottom of the excavation to eliminate unevenness (unevenness) on the bottom of the excavation, and a flat horizontal surface is prepared. The vinyl sheet (6) is laid on the vinyl sheet (6), and the girder material (7) is laid on the vinyl sheet (6) so that the upper surface of the girder material (7) coincides with the upper surface of the planned underpass. 7) Edged plate (15) with a narrow and constant width such as an iron plate
Are arranged side by side so that the end faces in the lengthwise direction of the adjacent edge cutting plates (15) are in close contact with each other with their lengthwise directions directed toward both side surfaces of the track (1), and the edge cutting plates (15) If the length is shorter than the planned underpass, they are connected by welding or the like to form the desired length.

After laying the beam material (7) and the edge plate (15) in this way,
The ballast (3) is backfilled and the sleepers (2) are laid to restore the track (1).

It should be noted that this work is performed at night when the train does not pass, as in the above embodiment.

Next, the underground structure (4) is placed on both sides of the ground where the track (1) is sandwiched.
After excavating the starting side vertical shaft (8) and the reaching side vertical shaft (9), a prefabricated underground structure (4) having a rectangular cross-section with a predetermined planned height and width is provided in the starting side vertical shaft (8). The upper floor (4
The front end face of a) is brought into contact with the rear end face of the girder member (7), and the upper face is arranged so as to be slidably contactable with the lower face of the edging plate (15).

Further, at the front end face of the underground structure (4) to be buried first, the upper part is in contact with the lower face of the upper floor (4a), and both side parts and the lower part coincide with both front end faces and lower end faces of the underground structure (4). Blade (1
0) is integrated, the girder material (7) is supported and fixed, and the reaction force provided on the rear end face of the underground structure (4) and the rear wall surface of the starting side shaft (8) in the starting side shaft (8). A plurality of jacks (13) are installed between the wall (11) and a spacer (12), and further, the rear end of the edge plate (15) and the reaction wall (1).
1) Connecting members such as turnbuckles between fixed points such as (1
Connect with 4).

Then, when the jack (13) is actuated and the underground structure (4) is pressed, the underground structure (4) moves to the upper floor (4
While pushing the girder material (7) out to the reaching side shaft (9) at the front end surface of a), the girder material (7) is slidably contacted with the lower surface of the edge plate (15) to move forward, and the ground is cut by the blade tip of the blade mouth (10). Sediment is taken into the underground structure (4). The underground structure (4) is buried in the ground by repeatedly operating the jack (13) and interposing the spacer (12) while removing this earth and sand backward.

At this time, the edge plate (15) is fixed by the connecting member (14) in spite of the forward movement of the underground structure (4), so that the ballast on the track (1) side does not move and the girder does not move. Since the vinyl sheet (6) is laid on the lower surface side of the material (7), the friction resistance between the girder material (7) and the ground is reduced, and the underground structure (4) is smoothly propelled.

The girder material (7) supports the train load at the excavated face and prevents the collapse of the earth and sand.

In this way, propel the unit length underground structure (4) into the ground,
After burying, the following underground structure (4) is connected to the rear end face of the underground structure (4), and by the same work as described above, the ground is excavated and the upper floor (4a) of the underground structure (4) and the girder material ( 7) It is pushed forward while replacing with, and this work is repeated to make the foreground underground structure (4) communicate with the reaching side shaft (9), and a plurality of underground structures (4) are connected in series.
(4)-(4) Underground road compatible with (4) (9)
It is to be built in between.

The girder material (7) extruded into the reaching side shaft (9) is to be removed and reused.

Also in this embodiment, the underground structure (4) is not propelled by the pressing jack (13) and penetrates from the reaching side vertical shaft (9) to the starting side vertical shaft (8) in the same manner as in the previous embodiment. You may make it promote by pulling a steel wire.

Furthermore, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the method of constructing an underground structure such as an underground passage under a track is described, but an underground structure can be constructed under a road by a similar method.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the method for constructing an underground structure of the present invention as described above,
When constructing an underground structure directly under a road or track,
The ground surface of the road or track is excavated to the upper floor position of the underground structure to be constructed, and the girder material such as flat plate or rod-like material is laid in the plane direction on the bottom surface of the excavation and then backfilled to restore the road or track. Therefore, compared with the conventional means for burying the pipe roof by press fitting the pipe, the work of laying the girder can be performed more quickly and economically, and the girder can be laid in a precise arrangement on the horizontal plane. Since there is no need for an operator to enter the pipe, it is possible to lay a thin pipe or simply an H-shaped or flat plate member.

In addition, the planned height position of the underground structure can be accurately set by the above-mentioned ground surface excavation depth and can be set to the minimum necessary depth, so that the underground structure can be built in a shallow position and In case of, the approach can be shortened.

Further, after the backfilling, the train load and the like can be supported by the girders to safely excavate the underground structure.

Further, when excavating an underground structure from one side surface of a road or track to the other side surface, in the invention described in No. 1, the lower surface of the girder is used as a guide to advance the underground structure accurately and smoothly. It is possible to eliminate the movement of the upper earth and sand by means of the girder material. On the other hand, in the second aspect of the invention, while the girder material is slidably contacted with the lower surface of the edging material by the upper floor of the underground structure. The girder material can be reused for the construction of the next underground structure by replacing it with the upper floor, and the movement of the upper earth and sand can be eliminated by the edge cutting material.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1 to 3 are simplified vertical sectional front views showing a process of laying girders, and FIG. 4 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing a construction state of an underground structure. FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view of the constructed underground structure, and FIGS. 6 to 8 show another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a simplified vertical sectional front view showing a state in which a girder material is laid, FIG. 7 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing the construction state of the underground structure, and FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional front view of the underground structure being constructed. (1) …… orbit, (2) …… sleepers, (3) …… ballast, (4) …… underground structure, (4a) …… upper floor, (5)…
… Mortar layer, (6) …… Vinyl sheet, (7) …… Girder material, (8) (9) …… Vertical shaft, (15) …… Edge plate.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 64-29597 (JP, A) JP-A 63-165691 (JP, A) JP-A 63-261098 (JP, A) JP-A 63- 2610 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method of constructing an underground structure immediately below a road or track, which comprises first excavating and opening the ground surface of the road or track to a depth reaching the upper floor of the underground structure to be constructed, and then excavating the bottom surface. After laying a girder material such as a flat plate or a bar in the plane direction, it is backfilled to restore the road or track, and then,
Characterized in that the ground structure is excavated through the hollow interior of a ready-made underground structure and the girder material is supported by the upper floor thereof, and the underground structure is advanced from one side surface of the road or track to the other side surface. How to build an underground structure. 2. A method of constructing an underground structure immediately below a road or track, which comprises first excavating a ground surface of a road or track, and then placing a girder material such as a flat plate or a bar-like object in the plane direction on the bottom surface of the excavation. The upper surface of the underground structure to be laid at the same time as the upper surface of the underground structure to be constructed and the edge plates of thin plates are placed on these girders and then backfilled to restore the road or track. With the rear end face of the girder abutted against and supported by the front end of the upper floor of a ready-made underground structure, the ground is excavated through the hollow interior of the underground structure, and the edge cutting material is left in the ground. A method for constructing an underground structure, comprising advancing the underground structure from one side surface to another side surface of a road or track while replacing the girder material and the upper floor along the lower surface of the cutting material.