JPH0662062B2 - Car door structure - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle door structure, and more particularly, to an improvement of a door structure that opens and closes a door opening formed from a side of a passenger seat to an upper side thereof. .

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there is a so-called gull wing door as a door for opening and closing a door opening formed from the side surface of the body to the roof.

This gull wing door has a structure in which a door hinge is provided on the roof side and the door hinge can be opened upward by flipping up around the door hinge.

Therefore, when closing the door that flips up in the fully open state, the string cannot be reached by the occupant while sitting on the seat. I was trying to close the door.

Therefore, the conventional gull wing door has a problem that the operability is poor.

Further, this gull wing door has a problem that the operation load when opening the door becomes large because the distance between the door hinge and the center of gravity of the door is large.

Further, as a door structure used in a racing car, there is a door structure in which an upper hinge is provided near the center of the front edge of the roof in the vehicle width direction, and a lower hinge is provided in a wing portion that extends laterally of the vehicle.

Such a door structure is opened so that the door jumps forward and diagonally upward.

Therefore, it is difficult for an occupant sitting on the seat to reach the door, and the door is opened and closed by an assistant outside the vehicle.

Therefore, such a door structure cannot be used in a passenger car which is generally used.

Further, as disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 56-28725, an upper hinge is provided at a central position in a vehicle width direction at a rear portion of a roof, and a lower hinge is a central portion in a width direction of a cowl panel, that is, a width of a front edge of a front windshield glass. There is a vehicle provided at a front position of a central portion in the direction, in which the door is fully opened and a part of the door covers the central portion in the width direction of the roof and the upper surface of the front windshield glass.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the door structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-28725, since the door center of gravity is too far from the hinge center line passing through the upper hinge and the lower hinge, the operation load when opening the door becomes too heavy. There is a problem.

Further, even when the door is open, there is a problem in that a part of the door is above the occupant's head at the time of getting on and off, so that the getting on and off space becomes small.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and improves the operation at the time of the opening operation of the door for opening and closing the opening from the side surface of the automobile to the roof, and
An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle door structure capable of reducing an operating load and increasing an occupant's entry / exit space.

[Means for solving problems]

This invention is a position above a passenger seat, leaving a bar roof in the widthwise central part of the roof, and a door opening continuously formed in the vehicle body from the side to the upper side of the passenger seat, and opening and closing this door opening. A door arranged to do so, an inner peripheral edge of the door opening on the center side in the vehicle width direction, an upper hinge attached to the bar roof, a front inner peripheral edge of the door opening, a front pillar, and a cowl panel. And a door hinge mechanism that includes a lower hinge that is attached to a lower position from the vicinity of the connecting portion and that supports the door so that the door opening can be opened and closed, thereby achieving a vehicle door structure.

Also, the above object is achieved by mounting the upper hinge near the front end of the bar roof.

Further, the above-mentioned object is achieved by attaching the lower hinge to the front pillar at a height position of a bent portion extending from an inclined portion of the front pillar to an upright portion continuing to the lower side thereof.

Further, the above object is achieved by mounting a gas damper between a lower portion of the front pillar and a lower lower portion of the lower hinge at a front edge of the door.

Further, the front end edge of the door opening is formed along the upper edge of the front windshield glass, the inclined portion of the front pillar, and the upright portion continuous to the lower side of the inclined portion of the front pillar. It achieves the purpose.

Further, the above-mentioned object is achieved by attaching the lower hinge to the outer surface of the front pillar in the vehicle width direction and attaching the upper hinge to the outer surface of the bar roof in the vehicle width direction.

[Action]

In the present invention, the hinge center line passing through the upper hinge and the lower hinge of the door is the central portion of the door body, that is,
Since the door is close to the center of gravity, the load during the door opening operation is reduced.

Further, since the hinge center line passes through a position close to the occupant seated in the passenger seat, the position of the door in the fully opened state can be brought close to the seated occupant, whereby the occupant seated in the passenger seat. The door can be opened and closed easily in this state.

Further, since the door is flipped up toward the front of the vehicle and toward the center of the vehicle width direction in the fully opened state, there is a large overhead space for the occupant when getting on and off the vehicle, and thus a large occupant getting on and off space can be secured.

〔Example〕

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the roof 14 is provided above the passenger seat 12 in the automobile 10.
The bar roof 16 is left in the widthwise central part of the passenger seat 12
Was continuously formed on the vehicle body from the side to the top of the
A door opening 18, a door 20 arranged to open and close the door opening 18, an inner peripheral edge of the door opening 18 on the center side in the vehicle width direction, an upper hinge 22 attached to the bar roof 16, the door opening 18. An inner peripheral edge on the front side of 18 includes a lower hinge 26 mounted in the vicinity of a bent portion 24C from the inclined portion 24A of the front pillar 24 to the upright portion 24B, and supports the door 20 so that the door opening can be opened and closed. And a door hinge mechanism for performing a door structure.

The bar roof 16 is orthogonal to the head portion 32 that supports the upper end of the front windshield glass 30, and constitutes a so-called T bar roof. The upper hinge 22 has a corner portion 3 where the bar roof 16 and the head portion 32 intersect.
It is installed in four positions.

Further, the lower hinge is provided at a position near the bent portion 24C of the front pillar 24,
It is attached to an inclined surface 24D facing outward in the vehicle width direction.

As shown in the drawing, the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 are shaft hinges, and their rotation shafts 22A.
And 26A are aligned.

Therefore, the hinge center line 28 passing through the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 is positioned so as to pass from the inclined surface 24D toward the corner portion 34 and pass through the vehicle interior.

A gas damper 36 is attached to the door 20 in order to reduce the operation load when the door 20 is opened and to absorb the impact when the door 20 is closed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the gas damper 36 is supported on the outer surface of the lower part of the upright portion 24B of the front pillar 24 via a ball bearing 36A, and on the door 20 side,
The lower hinge 26 at the front edge 20A of the door 20
Similarly, it is swingably supported by a ball bearing 36B in the vicinity of the lower side.

Reference numeral 38 in FIG. 1 indicates a door window pane of the door 20, and reference numeral 40 in FIG. 2 indicates a door weather strip.

The door weather strip 40 has a rising flange 18 at an inner peripheral end of a step portion 18A formed along the inner peripheral edge of the door opening 18 with a step inward from the outer surface of the vehicle body.
It is attached to B and contacts the inner surface of the door 20 in the fully closed state to seal between the body and the door 20.

The upper hinge 22 is attached to a step portion 18A formed along the inner peripheral edge of the door opening 18 so as not to project to the roof upper surface.

Here, the front edge of the door opening 18 is a heddle portion 3 that holds the upper edge of the front windshield glass 30.
2. It is formed along the inclined portion 24A of the front pillar 24 and the upright portion 24B of the front pillar 24.

In this embodiment, the door locking device 41 for fixing the door 20 in the fully closed state has a door locking device for a conventional ordinary side door obliquely attached to the rear end edge of the door 20, as shown in FIG. It is attached to match the opening and closing direction of the door 20. The striker 45 is obliquely attached to the center pillar 46.

Reference numeral 48 in FIG. 4 denotes a cowl side panel, 50 denotes an apron upper member, and 52 denotes a dash panel.

The door structure as described above is used for the upper hinge 22 of the door 20.
And a hinge center line 28 passing through the lower hinge 26,
Since the vehicle passes through the vicinity of the upper part of the body of the seated occupant, the door 20 can be easily opened and closed while the seated occupant remains in the passenger seat 12.

Further, the distance between the center of gravity of the door and the hinge center line 28, which is located slightly above the center of the door body 21 of the door 20, is shorter than that of a conventional gull wing door, etc. Can be made smaller.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, since the door 20 in the fully opened state is flipped up toward the front of the vehicle and toward the center of the vehicle width direction, the amount of outward projection from the outer surface of the body is small. Therefore, even when the space above and to the side of the automobile 10 is small, the door 20 can be easily fully opened.

Furthermore, when the door 20 is fully opened, as shown in FIG. 5, the door opening 18 is almost fully opened, and the rear portion of the door 10 that interferes with the head of the passenger getting on and off is greatly flipped up. Therefore, the space for getting on and off the passengers can be efficiently increased, and the getting on and off performance can be improved.

Particularly in this embodiment, since the lower hinge 26 is arranged in the vicinity of the bent portion 24C extending from the inclined portion 24A of the front pillar 24 to the upright portion 24B, the feet of the occupant getting on and off with the door 20 opened is opened, The boarding / alighting property is greatly improved.

Further, in this embodiment, the gas damper 36 is installed in the door 20.
Since it is mounted between a position slightly lower than the lower hinge 26 at the front end edge 20A of the vehicle and the vicinity of the lower end of the front pillar 24, the operation load when opening the door 20 is reduced, and when the door is closed. Not only does it absorb the shock, but the gas damper 36 does not hinder the passengers when getting on and off the vehicle, and the gas damper 36 is located at a position that is difficult to see from the outside. Therefore, the appearance of the vehicle when the door is open is not deteriorated. There is.

In the above embodiment, the upper hinge 22 is arranged at the corner portion 34 at the front end of the bar roof 16, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper hinge 22 may be attached at any position in the front-rear direction of the bar roof 16. Good.

Further, the lower hinge 26 is attached to the inclined surface 24D facing the outer side surface of the vehicle body in the vicinity of the bent portion 24C extending from the inclined portion 24A to the upright portion 24B in the front pillar 24. Is not limited to the above embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the lower hinge 26 is located in the vicinity of the joint between the front pillar 24 and the cowl panel 42, that is, the front pillar 24, the cowl panel 42, the cowl side panel 48, or the apron upper member 50. Any structure can be used as long as it can be attached to the front pillar 24 at a position lower than the body side structural member, a combination thereof, or the vicinity of the connection portion.

In other words, the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 allow the hinge center line 28 passing therethrough to obliquely pass through the vehicle interior so that when the door 20 is opened, it can be flipped forward and inward in the vehicle width direction. If

Therefore, the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 do not necessarily have to be shaft hinges, and one or both of them may be ball joints.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the gas damper 36 is installed in the door 20.
Body 21 front edge and front pillar 24 upright 24B
It is mounted between the lower end and the vicinity of the lower end, but it may be mounted at another position as shown in FIGS. 7 to 10.

However, when the gas damper 36 is mounted as in the above-described embodiment, it is excellent in the mounting space, the visibility from the outside, and the fact that the passenger does not interfere with getting on and off the passenger.

FIG. 7 shows a gas damper 36 arranged on a step portion 18A formed on both sides of the bar roof 16 in the vehicle width direction.

Here, one end of the gas damper 36 has a corner portion 3 on the opposite side (rear side) to the corner portion 34 of the step portion 18A.
It is attached at a position near 5 and the other end is attached to the upper end of the rear edge of the door 20.

In FIG. 8, the gas damper 36 is arranged at the step portion 18A on the rear side of the header portion 32.

Here, one end of the gas damper 36 is attached to the header 32 near the corner 34, and the other end is attached to the door 20.
Is attached to the front end edge 20A at an intermediate position in the vertical direction.

In FIG. 9, the gas damper 36 is arranged in the step portion 18A along the rear end edge of the door 20, one end portion of which is attached to the step portion 18 in the vicinity of the rear side corner portion 35, and the other end of the step portion 18A. The end portion is attached to the vertical middle portion of the rear end edge of the door 20.

FIG. 10 shows the gas damper 36 arranged on the upper surface of the locker panel 44, one end of which is the door opening 18
Is attached to the lower end of the front edge of the door, and the other end is attached to the intermediate portion of the lower edge of the door 20 in the front-rear direction.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the load for opening and closing the door is small, and can be easily opened and closed by the occupant while seated in the passenger seat. Furthermore, the occupant with the door fully opened. It has an excellent effect that a sufficient boarding / alighting space can be secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an automobile having a door structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing an upper hinge and its vicinity in the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged lower hinge and its vicinity. 4 is a perspective view of the automobile with the doors fully opened, as seen from the front, FIG. 5 is a side view of the same, FIG. 6 is a rear view of the same, and FIGS. 7 to 10 are gas dampers. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an arrangement mode of FIG. 10 ... Car, 12 ... Passenger seat, 14 ... Roof, 16 ... Bar roof, 18 ... Door opening, 20 ... Door, 21 ... Door body, 22 ... Upper hinge, 24 ... Front pillar, 24A …… Inclined part, 24B …… Upright part, 24C …… Bent part, 24D …… Inclined surface, 26 …… Lower hinge, 26A …… Rotary axis, 28 …… Hinge center line, 32 …… Hedda part, 34 …… Corner, 36 ... Gas damper, 42 ... Cowl panel.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A door opening continuously formed in a vehicle body from a side to an upper side of a passenger seat, and a door opening and closing at a position above the passenger seat, leaving a bar roof in a central portion in a width direction of the roof. A door arranged to do so, an inner peripheral edge of the door opening on the center side in the vehicle width direction, an upper hinge attached to the bar roof, a front inner peripheral edge of the door opening, a front pillar, and a cowl panel. And a door hinge mechanism that includes a lower hinge that is attached to a lower position from the vicinity of the connecting portion, and that supports the door so that the door opening can be opened and closed. 2. The vehicle door structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper hinge is attached near the front end of the bar roof. 3. The lower pillar according to claim 1, wherein the lower hinge is attached to the front pillar at a height position of a bent portion extending from an inclined portion of the front pillar to an upright portion continuing to the lower side thereof. The vehicle door structure according to item 2. 4. A gas damper is mounted between a lower portion of the front pillar and a lower vicinity of the lower hinge at a front edge of the door. The vehicle door structure described in the item. 5. A front edge of the door opening is formed along an upper edge of a front windshield glass, an inclined portion of the front pillar, and an upright portion that is continuous with a lower side of the inclined portion of the front pillar. Claim 1 which becomes
A door structure for an automobile according to any one of items 1 to 4. 6. The lower hinge is attached to a vehicle width direction outer side surface of the front pillar, and the upper hinge is
The vehicle door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is attached to an outer side surface of the bar roof in a vehicle width direction.