JPH0658089A - Construction of underwater structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the easiness in execution of works by laying a running path on the underwater bottom surface from the land via a slope prepared at a shore, transporting a structure fabricated on the land to the bottom surface using this running path, and installing the structure in place. CONSTITUTION:The underwater bottom surface 1 excavated to a required depth is graded with crushed stones, etc., and the existing structure 4 side is made in up-slope while the shore 2 is made in down-slope. On the bottom 1 a running path 5 is laid from the land via the slope at the shore. Unit structures 10 such as a tunnel section caisson fabricated at a land working base are placed on this running path 5, conveyed one after another to the bottom 1 using a propelling device such as hydraulic jack, winch, etc., and joined with the existing structure part 4 finally. In parallel with the conveying operations, connecting of structures 10 with one another, mortar placing to the bottom surface, etc., are executed to form a single piece of tunnel structure 20. This is followed by foundation works and back filling to complete the construction of the marine tunnel. This permits fabricating the structure without use of any dry dock etc., omission of long distance transport and towing, executing works accurately and safely, and shortening the construction term.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a structure such as a tunnel on the bottom of water in the water of a sea, a river or a lake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of constructing an underwater structure, a tunnel burial method is well known. In this conventional method, the tunnel structure is divided into several box-shaped unit structures at different places such as a dry dock, and the unit structures are levitated and towed up to the installation sea area, where they are laid on the specified water bottom. After sinking, the unit structures were joined together to complete a single tunnel structure.

[0003]

The conventional method for constructing an underwater structure as described above has the following problems.

-Draining water cannot be obtained in a shallow dry dock, and only steel shell production and assembly can be performed. Therefore, for casting concrete concrete and for sinking equipment, the steel shell is towed from the dry dock to the padding yard and floated. It was not easy to make a unit structure.

Since there is no need for a yard for installation because a wide dry dock can also be used for submerging equipment, the number of such yard is small. In any case, when manufacturing a unit structure by a dry dock, the production place is far from the construction site. Since it is a high place, it is easy to be restricted in the work process.

Since all the transportation means of the unit structure are towed, it is easily affected by the weather, and the work plan on site is subject to change due to the weather, which delays the construction period and also requires a towing barge for towing / sinking. A special ship is required.

[0007] Since an anchor wire is stretched for towing / sinking, the route must be regulated before the work is performed, and depending on the water area, it significantly impedes water traffic, so the construction water area is easily restricted.

An object of the present invention is to install the structure on the bottom of the water, not by submerging it from the surface of the water, but from the side by using a traveling path from the land, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems caused by the conventional submersion method. There is a solution.

Further, according to the present invention, the structure is manufactured on land at the construction site, and the structure can be installed on the water bottom surface from the land by the running path laid on the water bottom surface. It is to provide a new method of constructing an underwater structure with extremely high work efficiency, which enables the work to proceed.

[0010]

The features of the present invention according to the above object are to construct a coast between a water bottom surface such as a sea or a river for constructing a structure and a land area following the water bottom surface on a slope having a required angle. Then, while laying a traveling path for transferring a structure from the land to the water bottom through the slope and arranging a moving device on the traveling path, the structure manufactured on land is placed on the traveling path, and the transferring device To transfer from land to water by
A predetermined number of structures are sequentially installed on the bottom surface of the water, and the structures are joined to each other to form a single structure in water.

Another feature of the present invention is that the traveling path is composed of a water bottom portion, a slant portion, and a land portion, and the structure is constructed at a boundary between the slant portion and the land portion by a slope changing table in the traveling passage. The purpose is to change from a horizontal state to an inclined state and transfer it into water.

[0012]

[Operation] In the above construction method, a structure made on land is installed on the bottom of the water from the side using the running path.
The positions of the structures on the bottom surface of the water are easy to determine, and the position correction when joining the structures is slight.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail by taking the case of constructing a tunnel in the sea as an example. In the figure, 1 is the bottom of the water for constructing the tunnel, 2 is the coast between the bottom of the water 1 and one land 3, and 4 is the existing structure on the opposite bank.

First, the seabed is excavated from the coast to a required depth, the water bottom surface 1 is flattened by foundation crushed stone, the water bottom surface 1 on the side of the existing structure is an upslope slope, and the coast 2 is a down slope. To be built on the slope. In addition, the foundation of the slope below the water surface has a complicated shape, so a temporary deadline will be applied.

Although the angle of the slope varies depending on the depth of the seabed, the angle of the slope is a concrete unit structure 1 made by dividing the tunnel structure into several boxes.
0 (for example, length 100 to 120 m, width 30 to 40 m, height 8 to 10 m) is set in a range that enables transfer.

Next, a running path 5 is laid from the land through the slope to the existing structure 4 on the water bottom 1. This road 5
Is composed of a water bottom portion 5A, a coastal side slope portion 5B with a downward slope, and a land portion 5C. The existing structure side of the water bottom portion 5A is an upward slope slope. In addition, the slope part 5B and the land part 5
The boundary with C is constituted by a seesaw-shaped base plate 6 that changes the traveling path 5 from horizontal to downward slope.

The running path 5 has a water bottom portion 5A and a land portion 5C.
Then the configuration is different. At the bottom 5A of the water, as shown in FIG.
The strip-shaped running paths 5a, 5a are laid so as to be slightly buried at positions where both sides of the bottom of the unit structure 10 of the foundation 7 made of crushed stone face, but in the land portion 5C, as shown in FIG. Groove-shaped running paths 5c and 5c at the center of the bottom of the water bottom and the positions of the water bottom 5A facing both sides inside the running paths 5a and 5a.
Is laid so as to be supported by foundation piles 9 and 9 placed in the ground 8.

In the above-mentioned oblique portion 5B, as shown in FIG.
The two running paths 5a and 5c of the water bottom portion A and the land portion 5C are laid inside and outside, and the unit structure 10 has the slope portion 5 thereof.
At B, the roads 5c, 5c are changed to 5a, 5a.

The transfer of the unit structure 10 is performed by mechanical means. At the water bottom portion 5A, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the unit structure 10 is placed on the traveling paths 5a, 5a by the load supporting devices 11 by hydraulic jacks incorporated in the four corners of the bottom of the unit structure 10, and the traveling path 5a. A mechanical device that connects a pressure resistant type propulsion device 12 having a reaction force of 5a to the unit structure 10 and transfers the propulsion device 12 while relocating the propulsion device 12 to the traveling path 5a.

In the land portion 5C, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the unit structure 10 is placed on a plurality of load supporting devices 13 and 13. The load supporting device 13 is configured to support the supporting work by a large number of hydraulic jacks 14, 14, and each hydraulic jack 14, 14 is slidably installed on a guide member 15 arranged on the bottom of the traveling path 5c. ing. In addition, a propulsion device 16 that uses the traveling path 5c as a reaction force is connected to each of the load supporting devices 13, 13, and the unit structure 10 is transferred to the oblique road portion 5B while the propulsion device 16 is being relocated to the traveling path 5c. To do.

The propulsion devices 12 and 16 are constructed by using hydraulic jacks or the like, but may be winches. Further, since the power supply device 19 of the land-based transfer machine device cannot be submerged in water, it can be separated from the load supporting device side.

The unit structure 10 is manufactured at a preset work base on land. The manufactured unit structure 10 has a box shape and a tunnel cross section, and is placed on the load supporting devices 13 and 13 using a crane (not shown). Then, the propulsion device 16 transfers the inclined portion 5B. When the load supporting devices 13 and 13 are transferred to the boundary with the slope portion 5B, they are mounted on the slope changing table 6 as shown in FIG. 1 (B).

As shown in FIG. 7, the slope changing table 6 has
A fulcrum 17 is provided at the center, and the front and rear of the fulcrum 17 are supported by a large number of hydraulic jacks 18, 18 so as to be vertically swingable. Since the normal road gradient is 3% to 4% when adjusting the gradient by the vertical movement of the hydraulic jacks 18 and 18, the unit structure 10 having a length of 100 mm adjusts the hydraulic jack up to 2 m.

As shown in FIG. 1C, the unit structure 10 is moved to the slope 5B together with the load supporting device (not shown) by the change of the slope by the slope changing table 6 and is immersed in the water. Since the load is reduced due to buoyancy in the water, the unit structure 10 can be supported by the running paths 5a, 5a by the load supporting devices 11, 11 for underwater. When the unit structure 10 is completely submerged in water, the land-based transfer device is pulled out from the unit structure 10 and the transfer is switched to underwater use. The land-based transfer device is returned to its original state and used for the transfer of the next unit structure.

At the bottom 5A of the water, the unit structure 10 is replaced by the rearrangement of the propulsion device 12 by underwater work until the unit structure 10 comes into contact with the existing structure 4 on the opposite shore, as shown in FIG. 1D.
a, 5a, and is joined to the existing structure 4 at the end. In this transfer sequence, the unit structures 10 are repeatedly transferred from the land to the bottom of the water, and in parallel with the transfer work, operations such as connecting the unit structures to each other and filling the bottom surface with mortar are performed. ), A single tunnel structure 20 is completed. After that, foundation work and backfilling are performed to complete the construction of the undersea tunnel.

When the number of the unit structures 10 is small, the slope changing table 6 can be omitted by closing the deadlines and manufacturing the unit structures in the inclined portion 5B.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, the traveling path for transferring the structure is laid on the coast and the land following the installation bottom surface of the structure, and the structure manufactured on land is moved on the traveling path by the transfer device. Since it is moved and transferred to the water bottom, it has the following effects.

Since all of the structures can be manufactured on the ground, the structures can be easily manufactured, and the dry dock, the yard and the like, which have been indispensable in the past, are unnecessary.

Since the structure can be manufactured at the construction point, the auxiliary device for long-distance transportation can be omitted, and since the transportation by towing is eliminated, the work can be carried out smoothly regardless of the weather. It also saves labor.

When installing the structure on the bottom of the water, it is not necessary to stretch the anchor wire as in the case of towing and submersion, and no work boat is required, so work can be performed without restricting the route and even in a narrow water area. It does not interfere with water traffic.

.. Since the structures are installed from the side using the traveling path, the positions of the structures are easier to determine than when towing and sinking, and workability is improved because the joining work in water is shortened. As a result of being able to work safely and efficiently as a whole, the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is also reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram sequentially showing steps in a method for constructing an underwater structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a traveling path at a water bottom and a unit structure, which is a longitudinal section of the traveling path.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the same as the above, showing a traveling path in a longitudinal direction.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a running path and a unit structure of a land part, which is a longitudinal section of the running path.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of the same, showing a traveling path in a longitudinal section.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a slanted portion, which is a longitudinal section of a traveling road.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a boundary portion where a slope changing table is installed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Water Bottom 2 Coastal 3 Land 4 Existing Structure 5 Running Road 5A Water Bottom of Running Road 5B Ramp of Running Road 5C Land Area of Running Road 5a Water Running Road 5d Land Running Road 6 Gradient Change Base 7 Foundation 8 Underground 9 Foundation pile 10 Unit structure 11 Load support device 12 Water bottom propulsion device 13 Load support device 16 Land propulsion device 20 Tunnel structure

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masahiro Miyagawa 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A coast between a bottom surface of a sea or a river where a structure is constructed and a land continuing to the bottom surface is formed on a slope having a required angle, and the structure is formed from the land to the bottom surface through the slope. While laying a traveling path for transferring objects, disposing a moving device on the traveling path, placing a structure manufactured on land on the above traveling path, and sequentially transferring from land to water by the transfer device,
A method for constructing an underwater structure, characterized in that a predetermined number of structures are sequentially installed on the bottom surface of the water, and these structures are joined together to form a single structure underwater. 2. The traveling path is composed of a water bottom portion, a slant portion, and a land portion, and at the boundary between the slant portion and the land portion, the structure is changed from a horizontal state to an inclined state by a slope changing table in the traveling path. The method for constructing an underwater structure according to claim 1, wherein the construction is carried out underwater.