JPH0654001B2 - Levee body using wave absorbing and wave-dissipating block - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wave absorbing and wave breaking block.

2. Description of the Related Art Tetrapod (registered trademark) is generally used as a conventional wave absorption / dissipation block. This consists of a concrete block in which four protrusions are formed in a star shape so that they form an angle of 120 degrees with each other, and a plurality of these blocks are piled up to construct a dam body.

The problem to be solved by the invention is that, in such a conventional block, a dam body is constructed by simply stacking a plurality of these star-shaped blocks, so that the shape of the dam body should be regular. There is a problem that is difficult. In addition, when a strong wave collides, the block tries to move in the wave collision direction, the vertical direction, or the lateral direction, and a three-dimensional displacement occurs between the blocks, which disturbs the shape of the bank. There is also a problem that it may occur.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve such problems and to provide a wave absorbing and wave-dissipating block capable of constructing a dam body having a regular shape and not disturbing the shape of this dam body. .

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to a wave-dissipating wave extending from the outer side of the bay to the inner side of the bay inside a prismatic block arranged laterally from the outer side of the bay to the inner side of the bay. A through hole is formed, a convex portion is formed on at least one side surface of the prism of the block, and a convex portion of another block is formed on the other side surface of the prism of the block opposite to the one side surface. Is formed by stacking a plurality of blocks in an oblique state so that each rectangular columnar block has a diamond shape in an end view.

Action According to such a configuration, the waves propagating from the outer side of the bay toward the inner side of the bay are canceled by passing through the through holes, but the convex portion and the concave portion of adjacent blocks are mutually After they were fitted together, each block was stacked diagonally so that each block had a rhombic shape when viewed from the end.Therefore, each block had its length direction, that is, the collision direction of waves, the horizontal direction, and the vertical direction. The movement is surely prevented with respect to the direction, so that the movement is surely fixed in three dimensions. For this reason, a levee body will be constructed in which the blocks do not shift even when strong waves collide.

Embodiment FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the wave absorption / wave elimination block 1 according to the present invention. Here, 2 is a block, which is made of concrete material in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and the outer surface of which is 4
Two sides 3, 4, 5, 6 are visible. One side 3
In each of the blocks 2, a plurality of convex portions 7 having a constant length and a constant length are formed for each constant distance in the length direction of the block 2. Each convex portion 7 is formed over the entire width of the side surface 3 of the quadrangular prism. On the side surface 5 located on the side opposite to the side surface 3 on which the convex portion 7 is formed, a concave portion 8 corresponding to the convex portion 7 is formed over the entire width of this side surface 5, and when a plurality of blocks 2 are stacked. Are configured such that the convex portions 7 and the concave portions 8 of the adjacent blocks 2 fit into each other.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, a convex portion 7 is formed on each of a pair of adjacent side surfaces 3 and 4, and another pair of adjacent side surfaces 5 and 6 is formed. The recesses 8 may be formed respectively.

Inside the block 2, a cast iron pipe 9 extending in the length direction of the block 2 is embedded, and a through hole 10 is formed by the cast iron pipe 9. The through hole 10 has a bellmouth-shaped suction port 12 that opens at the bay outer end surface 11 of the block 2. In addition, a small-diameter portion 13 having a smaller diameter than the suction port 12 is provided at a portion of the cast iron pipe 9 on the inner side of the suction port 12
Are formed over a certain length. A large-diameter portion 14 having a larger diameter than the small-diameter portion 13 is formed in a portion of the cast iron pipe 9 inside the small-diameter portion 13 inside the bay. Small diameter part 13 and large diameter part
It is continuous with 14 through a connecting part 15, and this connecting part 15
Is formed in a hemispherical shape whose diameter gradually increases from the small diameter portion 13 toward the large diameter portion 14. The large-diameter portion 14 is configured such that the bay inner end portion 16 thereof opens at the bay inner end surface 17 of the block 2.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a breakwater 18 as a levee body constructed by stacking a plurality of wave-dissipating blocks 1. Where 19 is the seabed
An upper surface 21 of the base portion 19 of the base portion 20 is formed so as to have an upward slope from the outside 22 of the bay toward the inside 23 of the bay. The wave-dissipating block 1 has an upper surface 21 of the base portion 19.
By being piled up on the upper surface, it is arranged so as to incline like the upper surface 21. An upper mounting portion 24 is arranged on the uppermost wave-dissipating block 1. This top part 24
The upper surface 25 is configured to be horizontal against the inclination of the wave-dissipating block 1, and is designed so that people, cars, etc. can pass through. The base portion 19 and the mounting portion 24 are also formed with the convex portion 7 and the concave portion 8, and the concave portion 8 and the convex portion 7 of the wave-dissipating block 1 are formed.
It is configured to fit in.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a side surface inside or outside the bay in the breakwater 18 having the same structure as that shown in FIG. As shown in the drawing, each wave-dissipating block 1 is arranged so as to have a diamond shape in an end view. As shown in FIG. 5, spacers 26 having a triangular cross section are provided between the wave breaking block 1 and the base portion 19, and between the wave breaking block 1 and the mounting portion 24. There is. The spacer 26 is formed with a concave portion or a convex portion that fits into the convex portion 7 or the concave portion 8 of the wave-eliminating block 1, and FIG. 5 illustrates the spacer 26 in which only the concave portion 8 is formed.

When constructing the breakwater 18, first, a foundation portion 19 is formed on the seabed 20, and a plurality of the wave-dissipating blocks 1 are stacked on the foundation portion 19. At this time, each of the wave-dissipating blocks 1 has a recess 8
Since the convex portion 7 and the convex portion 7 are fitted to each other, the convex portions 7 are stacked with the positions thereof aligned as shown in FIG. 6, for example. For this reason, when the wave-dissipating blocks 1 are piled up diagonally as shown in FIG. 6, the convex portions 7 are formed over the entire width of the side surface 3, and thus are in a continuous state as illustrated. Therefore, when the next wave-dissipating block 1A is piled up, as shown in the drawing, the recess 8 of the wave-dissipating block 1A is formed.
Is fitted to the continuous convex portion 7 as described above,
All you have to do is slide this wave-dissipating block 1A downward,
Easy to work with. Once a certain number of wave-dissipating blocks 1 have been stacked, by installing the mounting section 24 on the top,
The breakwater 18 is completed.

As described above, since the wave-dissipating blocks 1 are stacked by fitting the convex portions 7 and the concave portions 8 to each other, they can be firmly connected to each other, and the breakwater 18 having excellent strength is provided.
Can be built. Moreover, even if the wave-dissipating blocks 1 are stacked in a tilted manner as shown in FIG. 3, the fitting of the convex portions 7 and the concave portions 8 prevents them from sliding down to the outside 22 of the bay. Further, there is also an advantage that the wave-dissipating blocks 1 do not shift from each other even when strong waves collide. Furthermore, since the wave-dissipating block is formed in the shape of a quadrangular prism, the breakwater 18 constructed by stacking the blocks can be finished in a regular shape without extreme irregularities or bends, and a beautiful appearance can be obtained.

As described above, since the wave-dissipating blocks 1 are stacked so as to have a rhombic shape in the end view, each wave-dissipating block 1 is surely provided in its length direction, that is, the collision direction of waves, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction. It is prevented from moving and is fixed in three dimensions. Moreover, the construction work of the breakwater 19 can be easily performed, and the vertical stress transmitted to the lower wave breaking block 1 based on the weight of the upper wave breaking block 1 can be dispersed laterally. . In addition, it is possible to obtain a large drag force against the buoyancy received from the waves. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when it becomes necessary to repair a certain wave-dissipating block 1B, the other wave-dissipating block 1 is removed in a V-shape so that the wave-dissipating block 1B becomes a trough. All you have to do is work easily. Further, the subsequent reconstruction of the breakwater 18 can be similarly easily performed.

Since the through hole 10 of the wave breaking block 1 is formed by the cast iron pipe 9, the wave breaking block 1 can be easily formed only by placing concrete around the cast iron pipe 9, and the cast iron pipe 9 With this, the block 2 can be reinforced.

Further, in the above description, the block (2) is illustrated as being formed in the shape of a quadrangular prism, but it may be formed in other prisms such as a hexagonal prism and an octagonal prism.

When a wave advances to the breakwater 18 shown in FIG. 3 from the outside 22 of the bay, the wave enters the through hole 10 through the suction port 12 and collides with the inner surface of the through hole 10 or the through hole 10 Energy is absorbed by the change in passage cross-sectional area inside the
Wave is dissipated. Further, a water flow due to waves is generated inside the through hole 10, and when the waves return to the outside 22 of the bay, a water flow is generated due to the inclination of the through hole 10, so that water can be prevented from staying inside the through hole 10. .

FIG. 8 shows another example of the breakwater 18. In this example, the through hole 10 formed inside the block 2 is
The through-holes 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 are formed so as to be arranged substantially mirror-symmetrically. That is, the through hole 10
Is a large-diameter portion 14 formed to be longer than that shown in FIG.
2 has a connecting portion 27 and a second small diameter portion 28, and the second small diameter portion 28 is formed with a discharge port 29 that opens at the bay inner end surface of the block 2.

With this structure, the through-hole 10 can be made longer than that shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and the number of cross-section changes increases, so that the wave-dissipating effect can be further improved. it can.

As described above, according to the present invention, the convex portions and the concave portions of the adjacent blocks are fitted to each other, and the plurality of blocks are diagonally arranged so that each square columnar block has a diamond shape in an end view. Since the blocks are stacked on each other, the blocks are securely prevented from moving in the length direction, that is, the collision direction of the waves, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction, so that the blocks are reliably fixed in three dimensions, and thus the strong waves are prevented. It is possible to construct a levee body that does not cause displacement between blocks even when there is a collision.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wave absorption / wave absorption block according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the same block, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the wave absorption / wave elimination block shown in FIG. Sectional view of a breakwater constructed with wave blocks, Fig. 4 is a side view of a breakwater similar to the breakwater shown in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a diagram showing spacers used to construct the breakwater shown in Fig. 4, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a method of constructing a breakwater, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method of repairing a breakwater, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of a breakwater. 2 ... block, 3,4,5,6 ... side surface, 7 ... projection, 8 ... recess, 10 ... through hole, 18 ... breakwater (bank body), 22 ... outer bay, 23 ... … Inside the bay.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wave penetration through hole extending from the outer side of the bay to the inner side of the bay is formed inside a square columnar block arranged laterally from the outer side of the bay to the inner side of the bay, and at least one of the square poles of the block is formed. A convex portion is formed on one side surface, and a concave portion into which the convex portion of another block can be fitted is formed on the other side surface of the square pillar of the block which is located on the side opposite to the one side surface. A block body using wave absorbing and wave-dissipating and wave-dissipating blocks, characterized in that a plurality of blocks are stacked in an oblique state so that the blocks of FIG.