JPH0653631U - Leaf block - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] It is known that conventional concrete coating materials applied to artificial reefs have an adverse effect on the entire biological environment due to the alkaline component (activities) leaching from the concrete. In addition, since the structure of the block itself becomes large, it costs money to form the frame, which is economically disadvantageous.
It is an object of the present invention to maintain a favorable marine environment throughout the facility without deteriorating the structural strength and reduce the construction cost. [Structure] A through hole that passes through the vicinity of the center of gravity of the natural stone is drilled vertically and horizontally, and a plurality of natural stones are arranged in a vertical and horizontal plane while aligning the center points of the natural stone drilling holes. The connecting stones are inserted to connect adjacent natural stones to each other, and the voids of the adjacent natural stones are filled with concrete. The amount of concrete used will be several tenths of the conventional amount. Concrete should be used at the minimum level that maintains the connection rigidity. In addition, the specific gravity of natural stone is significantly higher than that of concrete, and a predetermined weight can be achieved with a smaller volume, and the formwork can be downsized.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a civil engineering block applied to a marine artificial reef, etc., and particularly to a block body structure capable of maintaining the natural environment of the ocean.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Recently, seaside municipalities and leisure facilities all over the country are attempting to create an artificial reef (rock reef) 30 to 50 meters offshore and use the reef as an underwater pool. Artificial reefs are provided to prevent high waves entering the pool and to improve safety and comfort.

FIG. 12 shows a general structure of an artificial leaf. This structural example shows a so-called submerged dike (about 70 cm below the water surface) provided below the sea level, and the overall scale is, for example, a total length (horizontal length) of 130 to 150 m and a width of 40 to 50 m. The interval shown by the arrow W is designed to be about 40 meters. S is the sea surface, F is the offshore side, and P is the underwater pool.

The artificial reef 1 has a trapezoidal shape in which slopes R are provided on the offshore side F and the pool side P, respectively, and structurally, the foundation 2 is made up of 30 to 300 kg of split stones and 300 to 2000 kg. It consists of an intermediate layer 3 made of quarry stones and a surface coating layer 4 made of concrete blocks. Since the covering layer 4 resists the wave force, a larger block is used in a portion closer to the offshore side R. For example, a 25-ton concrete block on the offshore slope R _F , a 25-ton square block on the top tip 4 _F , a 15-ton Hollow Scale block on the top middle 4 _M , and a 8 ton on the top rear 4 _R. Ton Hollow Scale Blocks are lined up, and 10 ton Klinger blocks are piled up on the pool side slope P _R.

Conventionally, the block arranged on the surface coating layer 4 has been a concrete secondary product having a predetermined weight.

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 By the way, it is known that such a conventional concrete covering material has an adverse effect on the whole biological environment due to the alkaline component (activities) leaching from the concrete. Seafood and seaweed are decreasing.

Further, since the specific gravity of concrete is as light as 2.3, the structure of the block itself becomes large, and thus the cost for molding the form is high, which is economically disadvantageous.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to maintain a favorable marine environment throughout the facility without deteriorating the structural strength and reduce the construction cost.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object and to achieve the object, a leaf block according to the present invention has a plurality of natural stones with vertical and horizontal through holes that pass near the center of gravity of natural stones and that aligns the center points of the natural stone drilling holes. The natural stones were arranged horizontally and vertically, and connecting materials were inserted into the through holes extending in the vertical and horizontal directions to connect adjacent natural stones to each other, and the voids of the adjacent natural stones were filled with concrete.

[0010]

[Action]

 In the leaf block according to the present invention, concrete is placed in the voids between natural stones, but the usage amount is several tenths of that of conventional blocks. This is because natural stone occupies most of the block volume, so concrete should be used at the minimum level that maintains the joint rigidity. Therefore, the alkaline content leaching from concrete can be suppressed to an extremely low level.

On the other hand, since the specific gravity of natural stone is much higher than that of concrete, a predetermined weight can be achieved with a smaller volume. In other words, the volume of the entire block will be smaller, so the concrete filling form will be smaller than conventional block forms.

[0012]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show an example of a leaf block according to the present invention. The leaf block 10 has two vertical and horizontal through holes 14 and 15 so as to pass through the center of gravity of the natural stone 11 (FIG. 3), and the center points of the natural stone drilling holes 14 and 15 are aligned to form a plurality of holes. Natural stones 11 are arranged in a horizontal and vertical plane, and connecting members 16 and 17 such as wire ropes are inserted into through holes 14 and 15 extending in the vertical and horizontal directions to connect adjacent natural stones to each other, while adjoining each other. Concrete 20 is filled in the void of each natural stone 11 to be cast.

In this embodiment, natural stones 11 are arranged in three rows and four rows, and the concrete filling 20 is provided with vertical holes 21 for wave breaking at appropriate places. When the leaf block 10 is molded to a weight of 25 tons, the average weight of each natural stone 11 may be about 2 tons, and the weight of the filled concrete 20 can be suppressed to about 1 ton. Since a relatively large amount of the natural stone 11 of 1 to 5 tons can be collected, an appropriate weight of the natural stone 11 can be appropriately used according to the block shape and the like.

In the natural stone 11, the intersection points P of the through holes 14 and 15 are aligned and aligned, the connecting members 16 and 17 such as wire ropes are inserted into the through holes 14 and 15, and the end portions of the connecting members are appropriately arranged. For example, it is fixed by a washer 18 and a fixing clip 19 such as a nut. By filling the inside of the through holes 16 and 17 with mortar, the movement of the connecting members 16 and 17 can be suppressed and the connection between the stones can be strengthened. The connecting material is not limited to the wire rope, and metal rods such as iron and FRP and other resin materials may be appropriately used.

To fill and pour the concrete 20, the connected natural stone blocks are surrounded by a mold, and the voids are filled with the concrete 20. The vertical hole 21 for wave breaking is formed by arranging an RC pipe and other tubular members at the time of molding the frame, and is extracted after the concrete is cured or left as it is depending on the case. The shape of the vertical hole 21 does not matter. Larger holes may be provided, for example, as shown in FIG. The larger the vertical hole 21 is, the more the wave-dissipating effect is improved, but the block rigidity is inversely reduced.

According to such a structure, the connecting members 16 and 17 resist the tension applied to the entire block, while the concrete 20 resists the compression, so that very high strength characteristics can be obtained. Needless to say, the natural stone 11 that occupies most of the block exhibits high characteristics in tension and compression.

Therefore, when the artificial leaf surface is covered with the block 10, the structural strength of the artificial leaf surface exceeds that of the conventional concrete block. Also, in terms of weight, it is possible to easily design more than the conventional concrete block, which increases the degree of freedom in design.

On the other hand, it is possible to significantly reduce the influence on the marine environment. Since the amount of concrete in the entire block is small, and most of it is natural stones 11, not only seaweeds such as kelp naturally attach, but also the adverse effects of alkali spillage on a region of seafood are minimized. Because it suppresses. It should be noted that a small rubble stone may be planted on the cast surface portion of the concrete 20 to reduce the exposed area of the concrete.

Furthermore, since the specific gravity of the natural stone 11 is significantly higher than that of concrete, the form of the form can be made smaller than that of the conventional concrete block when the weight is the same. As a result, not only can the formwork cost for block molding be reduced, but the construction period for leaf construction can also be shortened. The natural stones here are not limited to the raw stones mined from the soil, but also include those whose shape has been processed by cutting or the like and split stones.

The leaf block 10 is more effective than the conventional block particularly in a place where large structural strength and weight are required, such as an offshore slope, but is not applicable to the upper surface of a submerged dike or the slope of a pool. Needless to say. The peculiar effect of arranging it on the pool side is that it suppresses the alkali concentration that oozes out from the concrete and can provide a harmless environment for the human body of beach guests. In addition, since the number of fish and shellfish in the vicinity is not reduced, you can enjoy the natural feel of the sea in a safe environment, such as when fish enter the pool.

5 and 6 show another embodiment in which the through holes 14 and 15 of the natural stone 11 are provided in two stages. Since the size of the natural stone 11 used for the block 10 is not particularly limited, the connecting members 16 and 17 are inserted in two steps (the number of steps is not limited) when it is necessary to obtain greater structural characteristics. You may raise the strength with respect to tension. When the through holes are provided in one step, the vertical and horizontal through holes 14 and 15 may be formed such that the height positions of the through holes 14 and 15 are shifted above or below the other through hole as shown in FIG. 7, for example. I don't know.

The connecting member according to the present invention is not particularly limited in its end fixing method. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the fixing members 30 may be arranged on the natural stones of the end row L, and the connecting members 14 and 15 may be locked at the portions. Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the strength can be maintained even if one of the connecting members is joined to the other connecting member. In the block shown in FIG. 10, the side surface of the cast concrete is recessed as indicated by a symbol D. This is to have the meshing with other adjacent blocks and to strengthen the coupling connection between the blocks. The adjacent blocks may be connected to each other by meshing with the concavo-convex shape of the concrete surface as described above, but a hook-shaped or other-shaped connecting member may be driven (or embedded) into both adjacent blocks to improve the connection.

It should be noted that FIG. 11 shows a minimum unit for forming a lightweight block. When constructing a smaller block unit as in this example, at least four natural stones 11 are connected by connecting members 14 and 15, and concrete 20 is poured in the intermediate space. When 6 natural stones are used to form a shape close to a sphere, natural stones are arranged in the upper and lower parts of the center of Fig. 11, and the added natural stones are also connected to each other by a connecting material, Place concrete in the void. Although fixing members such as washers and clips are not shown in the connecting members in FIGS. 9 to 11, it is of course possible to use washers and clips, and the fixing method is not limited to the above. On the street.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the case of applying it to the artificial reef block has been described. However, the block according to the present invention is not limited to the artificial reef, and it is not limited to the artificial reef. It can be applied to blocks, and it can also be applied to soil blocking blocks such as roads and railways, river civil engineering blocks on dike slopes and riverbeds, forestation blocks such as forest slopes, and so on.

[0025]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the leaf block of the present invention, the amount of concrete used can be significantly reduced, so that the marine environment can be naturally maintained, and the size of the formwork can be reduced to reduce the cost. The construction period can be shortened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a leaf block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a leaf block according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a through hole of natural stone according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing another example of a leaf block according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of a through hole of natural stone according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a two-stage connected state of a connecting member according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view showing an example of forming a through hole according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of fixing a connecting member according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing another example of fixing the connecting member according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing another example of fixing the connecting member according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram exemplifying a minimum unit configuration of a connected block.

FIG. 12 is a side sectional view showing a general configuration example of an artificial leaf.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Leaf Block 11 Natural Stone 14,15 Through Hole 16,17 Connecting Material 18 Washer 19 Fixing Clip 20 Concrete 21 Vertical Hole

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A through hole extending in the vertical and horizontal directions by piercing through holes passing near the center of gravity of the natural stone, arranging a plurality of natural stones in a vertical and horizontal plane while aligning the center points of the natural stone drilling holes. A leaf block in which concrete is filled into the voids of adjacent natural stones while placing connecting materials through the holes to connect adjacent natural stones to each other.