JPH0653055B2 - Gas treatment antioxidant treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Field of Application of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of food processing, in particular beans, seeds with high fat content,
It can be used in the field of processing nuts and the like, and in the field of food processing machines.

(B) Conventional technology In the conventional technology for antioxidant treatment of foods, (A) addition of antioxidants (B) substitution of inert gas such as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide in the packaging space (C) deoxidization Only methods such as attaching an oxygen agent in the package were known.

The method of treating food with pressurized gas to impart antioxidative property is a completely new one devised by the present inventors, and an apparatus for carrying out such gas treatment and antioxidative treatment method is also available. Conventionally it is completely unknown.

(C) Object of the present invention The present invention relates to a new knowledge found by the present inventors and an apparatus necessary for industrially adapting the antioxidant treatment method devised based on the new knowledge to mass production.

The novel findings found by the present inventor are as follows.

"If foods, such as roasted beans, are subjected to pressure treatment with an inert gas such as carbon dioxide for a certain period of time, antioxidant can be imparted to the food without adding any antioxidant or the like." Based on such knowledge, the invention relating to a method "a food antioxidant method characterized by treating food with an inert gas under pressure" has been completed.

As a result of repeated examinations of the present invention by the present inventors,
The following trends were found.

(A) Gas treatment When the antioxidant treatment is carried out under heating, the antioxidant property of the food is remarkably improved, but excessive heating causes discoloration, change in flavor and the like, which is not a preferable result.

(B) Gas treatment After completion of the antioxidant treatment, the raw material (food) is taken out by returning to normal pressure conditions. In this case, it is desirable to carry out pressure reduction and take out once cooling. This seems to be in agreement with the physicochemical reasoning that the diffusion rate of gas will be lower and the dissipation from the raw material will be lower at lower temperatures.

From the above, it is concluded that the apparatus to be used for gas treatment and antioxidant treatment should be internally provided with means capable of uniformly and rapidly heating and cooling the raw material.

Therefore, the basic structure of the device of the present invention is (A) a container that can smoothly inject and release a pressurized gas and can hold the pressurized gas.

(B) A heating means and a cooling means capable of uniformly heating and cooling the raw material in the apparatus should be provided.

(C) A lid should be provided to allow the raw materials to be put in and taken out of the equipment efficiently.

Etc. are mandatory requirements.

As described above, the present invention intends to provide an apparatus having the above-mentioned basic structure, which can smoothly carry out gas treatment and antioxidant treatment on a scale of factory production.

D. Configuration of the Invention The present invention is characterized in that it has the following configuration in order to achieve the above-mentioned goal.

That is, in a gas treatment anti-oxidation treatment apparatus, a container capable of holding a pressurized gas, (A) a lid capable of putting in and out a raw material (B) a heating means capable of heating a raw material (C) a cooling source Cooling means (D) Injection port capable of injecting gas (E) Opening port capable of releasing gas (F) Rotating means capable of freely rotating the container up and down (G) Vibration generating means capable of vibrating the container ( H) It is characterized in that it comprises a gas recovery means comprising a gas compression means and a storage means, which are connected to the inlet and the outlet.

Here, the container capable of holding a pressurized gas of the present invention refers to a container having pressure resistance against a pressure of about several tens kg / cm ² .

Further, the other configuration of this container will be described below.

(A) Lid that allows raw materials to be taken in and out A lid is indispensable for feeding raw materials into and out of the equipment. In this case, it goes without saying that two types of lids can be attached for each operation of loading and unloading, and it is the most common sense to provide a loading lid at the top of the device and a loading lid at the bottom. is there.

However, since the apparatus of the present invention is provided with the rotating means capable of freely rotating the container up and down, only one kind of lid is provided,
When the container is rotated and the lid is located on the top of the container, it is used as an input, and when the container is rotated and the lid is located on the bottom of the container, it is used as an outlet. You can also make it like.

The lid is made with sufficient strength to withstand the pressure inside the equipment, and can be attached airtightly with bolts or hinges through packing, gaskets, seals, etc. for holding gas. It should be done.

When the device is manufactured in a cylindrical shape, the lid may be provided on the bottom surface portion or the side surface portion.

(B) Heating means capable of heating the raw material As described above, the gas treatment and antioxidant treatment are markedly promoted by heating, but this is attached as an essential means in the apparatus of the present invention.

This means can be embodied by arranging a jacket along the wall of the apparatus, or by attaching a heating means such as a heating plate or a heating tube inside the apparatus.

In the heating operation, steam, hot water, hot brine, hot oil, or a heated chemically synthesized heat medium (for example, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, biphenyl, diphenyl ether, silicone oil, etc.) is heated in such heating means. It is carried out by circulating or energizing electrically arranged heating means.

(C) Cooling means capable of cooling the raw material In order to avoid undesired modification of the raw material by heating gas treatment, it is desirable to cool as quickly as possible with the end of the treatment, and the cooling means is essential in the apparatus of the present invention. .

It is considered that the specific configuration of the cooling means is the same as that of the heating means except for the electric heating means, and the purpose thereof is achieved.

The cooling operation is carried out by circulating a cooled heat medium through these means.

In order to increase the effective volume in the device, or to simplify the structure of the device to increase the strength and reduce the manufacturing cost, only the heating means is installed and the temperature of the circulating heat medium is changed to also serve as the cooling means. Of course, it is possible.

(D) Injection port for injecting gas The injection port is essential for injecting the pressurized gas into the device of the present invention. This means comprises a flange portion and a pipe portion, and if necessary, a valve, a pressure adjusting (pressure reducing) valve, etc. may be attached.

(E) Opening port for releasing gas After the gas treatment and antioxidant treatment is completed, in order to take out the raw material from the equipment, the internal gas must be released and brought into a normal pressure state, and this means is also essential. It can be considered that its specific configuration is exactly the same as that of the injection port.

Further, according to the knowledge of the present inventors, when the gas is rapidly released and decompressed, the gas dissolved inside the raw material becomes air bubbles and destroys the raw material structure, resulting in collapse of the shape,
Alternatively, since the texture may be deteriorated, it is preferable to release the gas gradually over several tens of minutes to several hours.
In this sense, it is desirable to attach a pressure reducing valve to the release port.

Further, in the device of the present invention, it is possible to use both the injection port and the release port.

(F) Rotating means This is provided in order to increase the packing density by rocking when the raw material is filled in the device. As the rotating means, a shaft connected to a motor or the like as a driving means can be mentioned as a specific example, but it goes without saying that this shaft may be configured to be rotated manually.

(G) Vibration generating means This is provided in the main body of the apparatus so that vibration can be applied to the main body of the apparatus to fill and take out the raw materials very efficiently.

A vibration motor, an oscillator, etc. can be attached to an appropriate position of the main body of the device of the present invention.

(H) Gas Recovery Means Composed of Compressing Means and Reserving Means The gas recovering means has the compressing means and the storing means as essential constituents, and a compressor can be used as the compressing means and a tank or a cylinder can be used as the storing means.

Further, when compressing and recovering a large amount of gas, the amount of heat generated increases, so it is desirable to add a cooling means for cooling the recovered gas, such as a water cooler, a refrigerator or a cooling tower.

Although the above are the essential structural requirements of the device of the present invention, it is naturally permissible to attach additional means in consideration of convenience of use and safety in actual manufacture. These additional means include:

(I) Measuring or monitoring means It is desirable to attach a measuring or monitoring means such as a pressure gauge, thermometer, and peephole to know the status of gas treatment and antioxidant treatment.

(J) Safety valve Since the device of the present invention should be classified as a pressure vessel, it is preferable to attach a safety valve and, in some cases, an alarm device in order to prevent the device from being destroyed or damaged by erroneous operation.

(K) Exhaust means It is preferable that the air in the device of the present invention is excluded at the time of injecting the gas, but in the case of a small capacity, the air can be excluded by passing the gas for a short time, but the large capacity In case of, it is not always easy.

For that purpose, it is sufficient to attach an exhaust means, for example, a vacuum pump to once evacuate the air inside the apparatus and then inject the gas.

E, Action Raw material is loaded into the container by opening the lid for loading the raw material.
At this time, the container is rocked by the rotating means, and the container is vibrated by the vibration generating means to increase the packing density of the raw material. After the lid is closed, the filled raw material is heated by a heating means under pressure and comes into contact with the inert gas injected from the gas inlet, and the gas treatment and antioxidant treatment are carried out.

The raw material that has been subjected to the gas treatment and the antioxidant treatment is cooled and decompressed, and then taken out of the container. At this time, the rotating means and the vibration generating means impart swinging and vibration to the container, so that the container can be efficiently taken out.

On the other hand, it is recovered and reused by the gas recovery means used for the gas antioxidant treatment.

Since the rotating means is provided, only one type of lid can be provided to be commonly used as the lid for feeding the raw material and the lid for taking out the raw material, and the device configuration is simplified.

F. Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it has the following effects.

The raw material charged in the container can be brought into contact with an inert gas under heating and pressurization, the raw material can be cooled and decompressed, and then taken out from the container, so that the gas treatment and the antioxidant treatment can be effectively carried out.

The container can be rocked to increase the packing density of the raw material, and the vibration can be applied to efficiently fill and take out the raw material.

Since the gas used for the gas antioxidant treatment can be recovered and reused by the gas recovery means connected to the injection port and the release port, it can be carried out inexpensively even when it is repeatedly carried out on a large scale.

Since the rotating means is provided, only one type of lid can be provided to be commonly used as the lid for feeding the raw material and the lid for taking out the raw material, and the device configuration can be simplified.

G. Examples The following is a specific description of an example of the gas treatment and antioxidant treatment apparatus of the present invention described in the accompanying drawings.

Reference numeral 1 is a container, which is a main body of the apparatus, capable of holding a pressurized gas, and has a lid 2 at the bottom thereof.

Further, the container 1 is supported by a shaft 6, and the shaft 6 forms a rotating means together with the driving means 5 so that the top and bottom of the container 1 can be changed at any time. It can be used for taking out when the lid 2 is located on the lower side by turning and for loading when the lid 2 is located on the upper side.

A heating means 3 is attached to the inside of the container 1. This is manufactured as a hollow plate-like structure, and when a heated heat medium is circulated inside the container, it serves as a heater to cool the heat. It acts as a cooler when circulating the medium.

Further, a vibration generating means 7 is attached to the container 1 so as to exert an auxiliary action when the raw materials are charged and taken out.

The container 1 is provided with a pressure gauge 8a, a thermometer 9, and a peephole 10 for measurement or monitoring, and a safety valve 16g is provided in case of an unexpected situation.

Gas is injected into the container 1 from the tank 13 via the valves 16e and 16a, and the injection port 4 is arranged in the shaft 6b for the convenience of rotation and connected to the pipe by the universal joint 15.

Prior to the injection, the exhaust means 14 is activated to eliminate the air in the container 1.

After the gas treatment and the antioxidant treatment are completed, the gas is compressed by the compressor 11 through the injection port 4 which also serves as the release port, and is collected in the tank 13 through the cooler 12.

H., Experimental Example Experimental Example 1 300 g of roasted peanuts were sealed in a stainless steel autoclave with an internal volume of 3, and carbon dioxide gas was injected to 10 kg / cm ² and released to repeat the operation three times to eliminate the internal air. .

Then, 10 kg / cm ² of carbon dioxide gas was injected, the valve was closed, and heating was performed on a hot water bath, and heating was continued for 1 hour so that the internal temperature became 70 to 72 ° C.

The autoclave was left at room temperature and the valve was slightly loosened to gradually release the gas. After about 20 hours, the internal pressure had returned to normal pressure and the internal temperature had returned to room temperature, so the contents were taken out. It was stored at room temperature and the peroxide value (POV) was measured.

One month after POV untreated product 33.7meq / kg treated product 24.8meq / kg Experimental Example 2 As in Example 1, roasted peanuts were used for gas treatment and antioxidant treatment. However, the pressure was 25 kg / cm ² , the temperature was 120 ° C., and the electric furnace was used as the heating source. After 1 hour, remove the electric furnace and cool it with a towel soaked in water to cool it to an internal temperature of 6
The contents were taken out by gradually releasing the gas at 0 ° C.

The POV immediately after the treatment was 35.5 meq / kg, but the POV when left at 37 ° C. for 3 months was 57.2 meq / kg.

[Experimental Example 3] American flow runner (medium grain type) peanuts of 60/70 size were roasted on average at 147 ° C and 21.
After being roasted under normal conditions for about 5 minutes, it was immediately cooled to an outside temperature of +2 to 3 ° C with cold air, and immediately immediately moisture-proof and oxygen-impermeable, with a thickness of 120 μm (K nylon 15 μm, polyethylene 1
It was vacuum-packed with a deoxidizer in a bag made of a synthetic resin laminated film made of a material (05 μm), stored in a dark place at room temperature, and subjected to pressurized carbon dioxide gas treatment within 3 days.

Place an empty 500 ml beaker in a stainless steel high pressure chemical autoclave with a capacity of 3 and 350 g on it.
A 500 ml beaker containing roasted peanuts was stacked and sealed. An inner tube for a thermometer was set in the roasted peanut, and a rod-shaped thermometer was put into the tube from the outside to measure the temperature. After sealing, the operation of filling carbon dioxide gas of 10 kg / cm ² (gauge pressure) and immediately releasing it was repeated 3 times to discharge the internal air.

Enclose 25 kg / cm ² (gauge pressure) of carbon dioxide gas, heat from the outside of the autoclave using an electric furnace, and set at 120 ° C for 1
Heated for hours. Immediately remove the autoclave from the electric furnace and forcibly cool it from the outside with a wet towel.
When the temperature reached ℃, it took 15 to 20 minutes to gradually release carbon dioxide and take out the peanut.

To carry out the preservation test, put 130g each of peanuts into a KOP three-sided seal bag with a thickness of 60 μm, bend the opening lightly and temporarily fix it with cellophane tape of 30 to 40 mm length, and temporarily fix it at 39 ° C. Stored in a container.

The crude fat was extracted by the method described in the Hygiene Test Method / Commentary 1990 First Edition, and the acid value (AV) and peroxide value (POV) of the extracted fats and oils were measured.

The results were as follows.

10 days later AV POV control section 0.54 12.1 treated section 0.51 0.85 40 days later AV POV control section 0.58 37.0 treated section 0.54 8.5 70 days later AV POV control section 0.64 46 .8 treated plot 0.62 19.1 100 days later AV POV control plot 0.75 60.7 treated plot 0.58 32.6

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of the gas treatment and antioxidant treatment apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a container which is the main body of the apparatus, 2 is a lid, 3 is heating means, 4 is inlet, 5 is driving means, 6 is shaft, 7 is vibration generating means, 8 is pressure gauge, 9 is thermometer. Reference numeral 10 is a sight glass, 11 is a compressor 12, a cooler, 13 is a tank, 14 is an exhaust means, 15 is a universal joint, and 16 is a valve or valves.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A container capable of holding a pressurized gas, comprising: (A) a lid capable of putting in and out a raw material (B) a heating means capable of heating the raw material (C) a cooling means capable of cooling the raw material (D) ) Inlet port that can inject gas (E) Open port that can release gas (F) Rotation means that can freely rotate the container (G) Vibration generation means that can vibrate the container (H) Inject port A gas treatment and anti-oxidation treatment apparatus comprising: a gas recovery means comprising a gas compression means and a storage means connected to the release port. 2. The gas treatment anti-oxidation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lid capable of putting in and taking out the raw material comprises a lid for feeding the raw material and a lid for taking out the raw material. 3. A heating means capable of heating the raw material and a cooling means capable of cooling the raw material are manufactured so as to be commonly used. The gas treatment anti-oxidation treatment device according to. 4. Any one of claims 1, 2 and 3 characterized in that an inlet for injecting a gas and an outlet for releasing a gas are manufactured so as to be commonly used. The gas treatment anti-oxidation treatment device according to the above 1. 5. The exhaust means is connected to either one of the gas inlet and the gas outlet, and the exhaust means is connected to the gas outlet.
Item 5. The gas treatment and antioxidant treatment device according to any one of items 4 to 4.