JPH06511604A - antenna structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] antenna structure Technical field The present invention provides first and second frequency bands having electromagnetic fields that are substantially perpendicular to each other. The present invention relates to an antenna structure for signal reception.

Background technology Previously unpublished DE40 03 3 by the same applicant as the applicant 85 Al, the antenna structure is described. There are at least two Two separate antennas or antenna probes are provided. these The antenna probes are connected to each other by λ/2 lines in proper phase. . These antenna probes can also be used on metallic objects, such as parts of a car body. It is positioned to be coupled to the displacement current of the swing circuit. By doing so, Tena's efficiency is higher. If at least two independent antennas If this type of antenna is designed as a bumper antenna with , two independent antennas are preferably placed on the left and right edges of the car body. Delicious. Also, two independent antennas can be used to increase the displacement voltage by increasing the electric flux. Oriented perpendicular to these edges for optimal coupling to the flow . In this case, an antenna consisting of two independent antennas is horizontally polarized. It is installed so that it can receive the UHF region using electromagnetic fields.

To avoid repetition, please refer to DE 40 for further details and operating methods. Please refer to 03 385 Al.

Of course, basically one of the two independent probes can be used for long wave, medium wave or short wave. It can also be used as an active antenna for wave (LMS) reception. Also, U Antenna with two independent probes for HF reception is used for LMS reception. This allows for the necessary adaptations to be made available for communication. however , to make this possible, one of the individual antennas must be connected to the rest of the antenna structure. Therefore, it is necessary to provide electrostatic insulation. However, due to electrostatic isolation, UHF Neither reception nor LMS reception will be optimal. Apart from this, horizontal and vertical Compromises need to be made regarding the matching of individual antennas with respect to the polarized field. There is. This has a negative impact on the efficiency of UHF reception and LMS reception.

Disclosure of invention Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide various frequencies having electromagnetic fields polarized in different directions. An antenna structure that enables optimal reception performance to receive signals in the wavenumber band. It is to develop the structure.

This objective is achieved according to the present invention. That is, the signal in the first frequency band A first antenna receiving substantially the same resonant circuit displacement current generated in the conductive material. It has two independent probes that bind to. Also, the second antenna or an electromagnetic field polarized in a different, preferably orthogonal direction to an electromagnetic field in one frequency band; is provided so as to be able to receive a signal in a second frequency band having a field.

The antenna structure of the present invention allows for different Optimal reception of signals in two frequency bands with electromagnetic fields polarized in different directions belief becomes possible.

The first antenna is used to receive a nearly horizontally polarized electromagnetic field, and the second Antenna is preferably used to receive electromagnetic fields that are polarized approximately vertically. Delicious. These additional measures allow you to move in different directions without having to consider compromises. By matching the antenna more optimally so that it can receive electromagnetic fields polarized to Wear. This improves the receiving characteristics of the antenna.

the individual probes of the first antenna, orthogonal to the vertical outer edges of the conductor. If located, the increased electric flux produced at these outer edges will result in DE 40 03 385 For optimal reception as detailed in Al. It is particularly effective because it is commonly used in Regarding this point, DE 40 Please refer to 03 385 Al.

The efficiency of the second antenna is determined by placing the second antenna perpendicular to the horizontal outer edge of the conductor. This is further improved by the embodiment of the present invention, which is arranged so as to

In this way, the edge effect increases the electric flux and improves the receiving characteristics of the second antenna. It may be used to

If between the second antenna or the individual probes of the first antenna, in particular the first If placed centrally between the individual probes of the antenna, the reception characteristics as well as the This is particularly advantageous in order to provide the antenna with a compact monolithic construction.

As stated in DE 40 03 385 Al. By connecting each probe to each other by a λ/2 line, further advantageous effects can be obtained. It is profitable. To avoid repetition, please refer to this document.

Adjust the primary antenna and individual probes to better tune and optimize To ensure that the top load capacitor and/or load inductance is Additional features are provided for the purpose. Regarding the form of these devices, DE 40 Please refer to 03 385 Al.

If the first antenna with at least two independent probes and/or the second antenna is provided for receiving signals in the wavenumber domain; It is particularly advantageous if it is provided for receiving signals in the frequency domain. main application The antenna structure of the invention is particularly effective for use in connection with mobile reception. Ru. The conductive material in which the resonant circuit substantially occurs is the metal car body and/or the conductive parts of the automobile. It is preferable that

The individual probes of the first antenna and/or the second antenna are short antennas. It has become na. This makes it especially difficult for some antenna structures for mobile reception. It can have a compact structure. Furthermore, the first antenna and/or the second antenna is effective if the antenna is an active antenna.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides two frequency bands behind the active antenna element. consists of combining signals received in the area. Reducing the coupling between the two antennas This also makes it possible.

Also, isolating capacitors have a detrimental effect on UHF reception and/or LMS reception. You can avoid

The first antenna and the second antenna are made of synthetic material installed at the front of the car or at the rear of the car. Preferably, it can be integrally formed within the bumper. Or the back of the car or the car roof. More preferably, it can be integrally formed within the spoiler of the front.

The coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced and the differently polarized The antenna structure of the present invention has diversity as it can be optimally configured for magnetic fields. (diversity) It has the advantage that it can be used in relation to the receiving device.

By referring to the drawings, the present invention can be explained by an example of a bumper antenna structure. It is explained below.

Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 shows the present invention using a partial bumper antenna for UHF and LMS reception as an example. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the antenna structure involved.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent diagram illustrating the operating method and advantages of the antenna structure of the present invention. It shows a road map.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The antenna structure according to the present invention is combined with an integrated bumper antenna 16. This is shown in Figure 1. The first antenna comprises an antenna probe 1.2 There is. The antenna probe 1.2 has a top load capacitance of 3.4 and a λ/2 line. It is equipped with 5 in. λ/2 line 5 is connected to a bypass near the vehicle body at ground potential. It is configured as a sled wire. By λ/2 line 5, antenna probe 1 ．． 2 are connected, and a coil-shaped load inductance 7.8 is also connected. There is.

The individual antennas of the first antenna are not only probe-shaped short antennas, but also probe-shaped short antennas. However, it is preferable to use a probe-shaped short antenna. The spigot is therefore shown as an antenna probe.

The antenna probe 1.2 is approximately perpendicular to the edge of the vehicle body. One of the two axes is , extends in the plane of the top load capacitance 3.4 and approximately parallel to the edge of the car body. There is. The orthogonal vector of this plane is thus perpendicular to the edge of the car body, and occurs along the direction of the antenna.

The antenna signal is amplified by an amplifier 9 and transmitted via a coaxial cable 1o as shown in the diagram. Not being transmitted to the receiving circuit. Further details are provided to avoid repeating the explanations. regarding the method of operation of this first antenna with said antenna element. , see DE 40 03 385 Al, unpublished prior to this application. sea bream.

A diagram of the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. In Figure 2, the antenna corresponding to Figure 1 is The same reference numerals are used for components and circuit elements that should not require further explanation. do not have.

Basically, antenna components 1-9 are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is possible to use The antenna components 1-9 receive the UHF frequency range. It is preferable that the information be configured in such a way that it can be trusted.

It is also possible to use antenna components 1-9 as an LMS antenna. be. That is, one of the antenna probes 1.2 acts as an active LMS antenna. It is configured. By doing so, one antenna probe, e.g. For example, the antenna probe 2 can be moved to the remaining antenna arrangement, i.e. It is necessary to provide electrostatic insulation during construction. However, as shown schematically in Figure 2, With the insulation capacitance 1] and given the reference numeral 11, the UHF The first antenna structure with the antenna probe 1.2 for reception becomes asymmetric. ing. At the same time, an insulated capacitor for antenna probe 2 for LMs reception is 11 is connected in series with a capacitance 12 specific to the λ/2 line.

In this way, the isolation capacitance 11 is equal to the effective capacitance 1 of the antenna. 3, it is a parallel capacitance that causes loss. Thereby, Antenna probe also used for LMS reception because the voltage is divided The efficiency of 2 is significantly reduced. A first amplifier provided for receiving LIHF. One of Tena's two antenna probes 1 or 2, Furthermore, it is used to receive other frequency ranges, namely the LMS frequency band. By doing so, two antennas receiving signals in different reception areas are therefore , interfere with each other. As a result, the best reception is not only in the UHF frequency range (1- This is no longer possible even in the MS frequency domain.

According to the present invention, the receiving or antenna element receives UHF and LMS. It is specially designed for. Therefore, the UHF receiving components and 1. M S reception structure The components are separated so that the UHF reception structure and LMS reception structure are not affected by each other. This allows us to avoid making unsatisfactory compromises. For this reason, amplification An additional antenna 14 with a top load capacitance 15 connected to the (See Figure 1).

U　In addition to the above-mentioned effects of separate antenna structures for HF reception and LMS reception. In particular, the structure of the present invention has the following effects.

The horizontal polarization of the UHF electromagnetic field is indicated by arrow E UKW in FIG. L The vertical polarization of the M S electromagnetic field is indicated by the arrow perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the UHF electromagnetic field. Schematically indicated by E LMK. The first section with antenna probe 1.2 The horizontal structure of antenna 1 is based on the electric field vector of the horizontally polarized UHF electromagnetic field. In contrast, it is optimally combined.

If the first antenna with antenna probe 1.2 receives the LMs electromagnetic field If the antenna probe 1.2 is used for Na couples only to small components of the vertically polarized electric field vector of the LMS electromagnetic field. As a result, efficiency is greatly reduced.

Of course, the first antenna with the antenna probe 1.2 transmits the LMS electromagnetic field. Whether it's making compromises to take into account antenna placement for better reception. For example, this results in unsatisfactory reception of both tJHF and LMS.

According to the present invention, by using the second antenna for LMS reception, Optimum positioning and orientation of each antenna corresponding to the polarization direction of each antenna, and separation becomes possible. After the active element of each antenna, two frequencies By combining the signals received in the area, for UHF reception and LMS reception. Not only is the insulation capacitance 11, which would have a detrimental effect on the selecting the best matching, best placement, and best positioning of the antenna of It becomes possible.

In this method, the first antenna, i.e. the antenna probe 1.2, e.g. For example, to receive UHF most efficiently when used as a bumper antenna. is best placed on the vertical edges of the car, i.e. at the rear of the car and at the front of the car. It is desirable that the In this way, the first antenna receiving UHF The antenna probe 1.2 is excited by a horizontally polarized UHF electromagnetic field. The vehicle body is placed in the strongest field where it resonates and generates a displacement current. No. for LMS reception The two antennas 14 are in particular aligned perpendicular to the edge of the vehicle. Fruit of the claimed invention An example is shown in FIG. 1, in which the second antenna 14 for LMS reception is between the individual probes 1 and 2 of the first antenna provided for , located in the center. Additionally, the second antenna 14 is actually located on a conductive surface of the vehicle body. i.e. at a short aerial edge height (<<λ, at 100MHz) from its transmission surface It is located in The second antenna 14 provided for LMS reception is electrically conductive. displacement current between the horizontal edge of the vehicle body 6, preferably the vehicle, and the ground 18. are combined in an optimal manner. At the same time, the second antenna installed for 5MS reception In the Na 14 arrangement, the horizontally polarized UHF electromagnetic field has a very small field strength. It's getting smaller. Therefore, the second antenna probe provided for 5MS reception is , of a first antenna with an antenna probe 1.2 provided for UHF reception. Does not affect functionality.

Antenna arrangement according to the present invention and first and second antennas for UHF reception and 5MS reception The alignment and placement of the antennas creates extensive electrical connections between the first and second antennas. It is possible to reduce the number of cases. This is because the waves are polarized in a relatively orthogonal direction. The UHF electromagnetic field and the LMS electromagnetic field and the resonant excitation of the car body are used for UHF frequencies. This is because it is used optimally. As a result, the antenna profile for 5MS reception is a first aperture for UHF reception, separate from the top load capacitance 15 of the probe 14; Optimize the antenna's two top load capacitances of 3.4 and matching coils of 7.8 It is possible. The top load capacitance 15 of the LMS antenna probe is: Ul (F surface of top load capacitance 3 or 4 of antenna probe 1.2 It is effectively configured to be approximately three times the area.

The present invention and its effects are explained using the example of a bumper antenna.

However, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and embodiments of the claimed invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. This is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of For example, the antenna structure according to the present invention All antenna elements and components are embedded in a foamed plastic core 17. You may do so. Also, the top load key of the first antenna provided for UHF reception is A dielectric may be used to increase the capacitance 3.4. Furthermore, the book The antenna structure according to the claimed invention may be integrated with the front or rear bumper 16 of the vehicle. Alternatively, it may be integrated with the rear spoiler. In this case, the The second antenna 14 is arranged perpendicular to the upper horizontal edge of the vehicle body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. a first frequency band and a second frequency having electromagnetic fields substantially orthogonal to each other; An antenna structure for receiving a signal at a frequency band, the antenna structure comprising: - said first frequency; A first antenna for receiving a signal in the band is connected to at least two independent processors. the probes (1, 2), the probes comprising substantially is coupled to the displacement current of the same resonant circuit, - a second antenna (14) for receiving signals in the second frequency band; The second frequency band is different from the electromagnetic field of the first frequency band. An antenna structure characterized by having polarization in a direction. 2. In the antenna structure according to claim 1, the first antenna comprises: The second The antenna (14) is arranged to receive an electromagnetic field polarized in a substantially vertical direction. Antenna structure characterized by: 3. In the antenna structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, The individual probes (1, 2) of said first antenna are arranged at vertical edges of said electrical conductor (6). An antenna structure characterized by being arranged orthogonal to the antenna structure. 4. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The second antenna (14) is positioned toward the horizontal outer edge of the conductor (6). An antenna structure characterized by being arranged orthogonal to each other. 5. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The second antenna (14) is connected to each probe (14) of the first antenna. , 2). 6. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The second antenna (14) is connected to each probe (14) of the first antenna. , 2). 7. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The individual probes (1, 2) of the first antenna are connected by a λ/2 line. An antenna structure characterized in that the antenna structures are connected to each other. 8. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, The first antenna is provided to receive signals in the UHF frequency band. and/or said second antenna (14) receives signals in the LMS frequency band. An antenna structure characterized by being provided so as to be able to receive. 9. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, The conductive material (6) may be a metal car body and/or an electrically conductive part of an automobile. An antenna structure characterized by. 10. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, said individual probes (1, 2) of said first antenna and/or said first antenna. An antenna structure characterized in that the second antenna (14) is a short antenna. Construction. 11. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, said individual probes (1, 2) of the first antenna and/or said second antenna. The antenna (14) may be provided with a top loading capacitance (3, 4; 15). An antenna structure characterized by. 12. The antenna structure according to claim 11, wherein the second antenna The top load capacitance (15) of (14) is the top load capacitance (15) of the first antenna. said top load capacitance (3 or 4) of one of the individual probes (1, 2) An antenna structure characterized by having a surface area approximately three times that of the antenna structure. 13. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, the individual probes (1, 2) of the first antenna and/or the first 2 antenna (14) is provided with a load inductance (7, 8). The characteristic antenna structure. 14. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, A dielectric is provided to increase the top load capacitance. Antenna structure characterized by: 15. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14 wherein the first antenna and/or the second antenna are active antennas. An antenna structure characterized by: 16. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein signals received in the two frequency bands are transmitted after the active antenna element. An antenna structure characterized in that the antenna structure is coupled to each other by two antennas. 17. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16 wherein the first antenna and/or the second antenna are mounted on a bumper (16 ) An antenna structure characterized by being integrated with. 18. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15, , the first antenna and/or the second antenna are located at the rear of the vehicle. It is integrated with the spoiler placed on the roof of the car or the spoiler placed on the roof of the car. Antenna structure characterized by: 19. In the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 18, An application characterized in that it is used as a part of a diversity receiving device. antenna structure.