JPH06504297A - Water-based edge-padding adhesive compositions with low volatile organic compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Water-Based Edge Padding Adhesive Compositions with Low Volatile Organic Compounds This application is filed on July 5, 1990, with U.S. Serial No. 071548, This is a continuation-in-part application of No. 676.

field of invention The present invention requires no aligned paper, especially carbonless or carbon (ncr) Copy paper being fanned- each set is adhesively joined to each other at one end by Esons adheredly into a stack that spontaneously separates into individual form-sets. The present invention relates to water-based adhesive compositions for use in padding. The present invention particularly includes: Concerning Edge-Based Adhesives that do not emit volatile organic compounds (VOC) into the atmosphere. do.

Description of related technology U.S. Patent No. 4. 217, No. 162 (Glanz et al.) includes the following: There is a description like this. “For many years, carbonless copy paper has been widely used in From the stack, apply glue to one end of this stack and dry the padded edge. and expand individual stacks into individual form-sets (fann ing) has been formed into a form set (column 1, lines 19-22). . Glantz's patent describes the use of water-based adhesives for edge padding. Discussed in patent publications.

A set of aligned stacks of carbonless copy paper Several adhesive compositions are currently commercially available that are particularly suitable for adhesive bonding. Naturally However, among these, the following are famous in the US market. Apleton Bae Appleton Papers. Inc., Ableton! ■, derived from “Spreading High Strength 1< Zinc Adhesive (Fanapart High-St length Padding Adhesive) by Mead Paper Company ( Llead Paper Corp. ), Chillicothe ), Mead Fa n-^part Adhesive) and 3M Company, St. Paul (St. "Fan-out Badging Adhesive (Fan-out Paddi)" ng Adhesive) J.

Each of these is a water-based adhesive composition.

The well-known edge padding adhesive compositions mentioned above have been analyzed and have the compositions shown below. It is believed to have

"Mead releasable adhesive" weight% Poly(ethyl acrylate/methyl acrylate X92/8) 13 (dry weight ) Poly(ethyl acrylate 7N-methylolacrylamide) 17 (dry weight ) 3M-derived 1 development passing adhesive” Weight% poly(ethyl acrylate/N- methylol acrylamide) 15 (dry weight) Ethyl alcohol 18 Isopropyl alcohol 3 Amorphous sorbitol 1,5 Water 62.5 In each of these adhesive compositions, the first listed component is latex adhesive polymer. Monohydric alcohols increase the rate of penetration , aids in drying. Each of the polyhydric alcohols, including sorbitol, is a polymer Hansen Dispersin 5 olubility Parameter), which makes it possible for the Thing adhesives can be plasticized.

'-tlU0)) Either of the tlH1 agent compositions is added to the prepared carbon copy. -When used to ethonopadulate paper, ethyl alcohol and 1.2- Propanediol is volatile. The latter then volatilizes rather slowly. like this Volatile organic compounds pollute the air, and legislation limits the amount of volatile organic compounds in commercially available products. Attempts are being made to regulate this. The term “volatile organic compound” includes two All compounds having a vapor pressure greater than 0.02 Torr at 5°C are included.

Furthermore, many such volatile organic compounds are flammable. safe in the environment flammable or combustible ) is desirable.

Currently available on the market for edge padding prepared carbonless copy paper. All adhesive compositions contain a small amount (550 g/l) of non-aqueous components with volatile It is considered to be an organic compound. Additionally, some of such compositions may be desirable. Moreover, it has a low flash point. Mead, Abreton and the above from 3M The flash point (ASTM-D57 standard Niyori measurement) of 11 2°F (45°C), 106°F (41°C) and 82°F (28°C). 0 Materials with flash points between ~99°F (-18 and 38°C) are classified as flammable. . Materials with flash points between 100 and 199°F (38 and 93°C) are classified as flammable. classified. Materials with flash points above 200°F (93°C) are not subject to regulation. Ru.

Esogybanong adhesive traditionally bonds multiple sets of carbonless papers It has been used for. Typically, commercially available Elan-passing adhesives are Tailored for the specific chemistry of carbonless paper and adhesives Contains volatile organic compounds (VOC) to achieve permeability and quick drying It has been done to do so.

Strict environmental controls have been implemented on the VOC content of all commercially available compositions. Therefore, in order to handle paper without delay during pad manufacturing, it is possible to There is a great demand for acceptable Essie panning adhesives that provide consistent adhesion levels. There is. Furthermore, the adhesive composition has been shown to be effective in multiple brands of carbonless paper. Ideally, it should be fundamentally versatile so that it can be used effectively.

Summary of the invention 1ess without water) and 1ess without excluded solvent 5olvents) with a vOC content below 250g/l. ging adhesive is provided. This edge padding adhesive is a) a water-based adhesive; tex adhesive polymer 7.5-27% by dry weight b) 4-12 carbon atoms at least one having an alkyl group and an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms Water-dispersible transport agent comprising poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether0. 5-15%, and C) water.

In the present invention, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are Any volatile organic material with a vapor pressure greater than ml (g). But long et al., this definition includes ``exclude solvents'' known as It does not include those that are In the present invention, the excluded solvents include methane, carbon oxide, carbon dioxide, carbon, carbonate, metal carbide or carbonate, ammonium carbonate, 1.1. ]-Trichloroethane, methylene chloride, trifluoromethane (F C-23), trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113), /chloro/fluoroethane fluoromethane (CFCl2), trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), Lolo/fluoromethane (CFC-22), dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CF C-114) and talolopentafluoroethane (CFC-115).

Determination of vOC content is the volatile content per liter without water and without excluded solvents. This is done in units of crumbs of machine material. This measurement is calculated according to the following formula:

V QC (g/i = (VCII amount (g) 4 weight (g) - excluded solvent weight (g)) /(total volume (1) - water volume (1) - excluded solvent volume (1)) where VC weight (g ) is the total amount of volatile compounds in the crumb, and water weight (g) is the total amount of volatile compounds in the crumb. Excluded solvent weight (g) is the amount of excluded solvent in crumbs. , the total volume (1) is the total volume in liters of the material, and the water volume (1) is the volume in lindles of water and the excluded solvent volume (1) is the liter of excluded solvent is the volume at .

This composition is compatible with conventional edge padding adhesive formulations for conventional carbonless copy paper. Contains a very low proportion of volatile organic compounds compared to other products. carbon resco Conventional water-based adhesive compositions for emphasizing paper sheets Considering that volatile alcohol was used to infiltrate the adhesive between the , the amount of raw material that can provide sufficient edge badging for carbonless copy paper. Any water-based adhesive composition without volatile alcohols is amazing It is.

Aligned carbon layers so that the stack can be rolled out into individual sets. A method of adhesively edge-passing a stack of paper cents is also provided. It will be done. This method includes the following steps 1) and 2).

1) a) Water-based latex adhesive polymer 7.5-27% dry weight, b) 4 having an alkyl group of ~12 carbon atoms and an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms A water-dispersible transport agent containing at least one poly(alkylene oxide) ~15%, and C) 250 g/l without water and without excluded solvent. Apply a water-based adhesive composition to the edges of the stack with a VOC content below and 2) drying the applied adhesive composition.

All percentages and ratios discussed herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.

Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 shows a stack of aligned sheets of carbonless copy paper. It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of a bank. This stack can be unfolded into individual sheets It can be separated into

Detailed description of the invention The difficulty in formulating useful spreadable adhesives is due to the characteristics of car phoneless copy paper. Can be done. Carbonless impact marking paper for image transfer, i.e. , carbonless copy paper is generally coated on one substrate with a reactant, a color forming material. 2 and a developer (other reactants) on the other mating substrate.

The two species are separated and reacted at the intended time, that is, until activation pressure is applied. Means are also provided for preventing. This typically involves one of the reactants being This is done by packaging. Here, "encapsulation" and "encapsulated compound" The term refers to microcapsules containing filler material. Preferably paper Contained or encapsulated in microcapsules on one sheet of It is.

The reactant for the color-forming compound, i.e., the developer, is placed on the combined sheet of paper. It will be done. The microcapsules form when pressure is applied to this paper for the purpose of forming an image. This serves the purpose of separating the reactants from each other (ie, preventing reaction).

Generally, carbonless paper constructions have at least two substrates. For example, two It's a paper notebook. One surface or face of each is one of the two primary reactants. coated. Generally, these two substrates are called a donor sheet and a receptor sheet. It will be done. For example, sharp edges or business equipment keys may cause burst pressure in this configuration. When applied, the two substrates come into contact with enough pressure to rupture the capsule. The encapsulated reactant solution is released and transferred from the toner notebook to the receptor sheet. will be relocated. This color former and developer are mixed and the previously separated reactants are mixed together. A reaction occurs during which an image is formed on the receptor sheet. General , the response obtained naturally depends on the trajectory drawn by the sharp tip, and 7. Colored images according to turns of pressure provided by a pointed tip or key Form.

A preferred configuration is to coat the back side of the donor note in a suitable It has a color former dissolved in a suitable solvent and encapsulated in microcapsules. de The back side of the nanonote is referred to herein as the [Back Covering J(CB) Sort]. As needed The developer dispersed in a suitable binder is often used here [Face Coating J (CF ) coated on the front side of the receptor sheet, referred to as a sheet. . As mentioned above, during image formation, the back side of the toner notebook side of the two notebooks is It is provided facing the developer coating on the front side of the receptor sheet. Activation pressure is the donor When applied to the surface of the sheet, the capsules rupture and release the ligand, which is then transferred to the receptor. A colored note is created by the reaction between the coloring material and the developer as it moves to the tarsheet. A zone is formed. Here, the term "activation pressure" refers to pressure applied manually with a sharp tip. For example, the pressure exerted on a business equipment key, such as a typewriter key, is -Apply more pressure! tastes, but are not limited to these.

a first substrate surface with an encapsulated color former coated thereon, and a developer thereon; Constructions with a coated second substrate surface are often prepared. coated first The substrate surface is positioned in contact with a coated second substrate surface in the configuration. this Such configurations are known as "set" or "form-set" configurations.

An encapsulated color former is coated on one surface and a developer is coated on the second opposite surface. The coated substrates include CF and CBC sheets in a multi-substrate configuration. It can be placed in between. Generally, such sheets are referred to here as rCFBJ sheets (i.e. , front and back covering sheets). Naturally, it contains a chromophore on it. each side of which is juxtaposed with a sheet having developer material thereon. CFB sheet is also typically used for formsets. In some applications, multiple CFs B-sheets have been used for form-setting. These have several intermediate sheets. each with a developer coated on one side and a color former capsule coated on the other side. have a cover.

Form-set prepared by aligning 2 to 8 sheets is carbonless paper. Normal in the industry. Pads are often stacked in form-sets. Prepared by geo-buzzing or gluing. form - Each of the covering sheets in the set is somewhat porous, so that the adhesive penetrates into the pores of the paper. to penetrate. Such penetration is essential to achieve sufficient adhesion. but However, the degree of porosity varies depending on the supplier, and even within the same supplier Varies depending on the type of copy paper.

In one type of commercially available product, the capsules on the first sort (toner note) are Contains thalamide (DTO) derivatives and is often referred to as a receptor sheet. The mated sheets have a coating of a selected salt of nickel. suitable binder The encapsulated dithiooxamide ligand in the donor sheet is coated on one side of the donor sheet. The metal salt, dispersed in a suitable binder as required, is added to the receptor sheet. Coated on one side. Here, a "suitable binder" is starch or latte. means a material that allows the dispersion of reactants in the coating on the substrate, such as . These two types of coated surfaces are brought into contact so that the ligand and metal salt bond and react. , a coordination complex is formed and an image is produced. Typically this means that the ligand is a metal salt. i.e., from the toner note of the ligand to the receptor seat. caused by movement to the Naturally, the image is produced on the receptor sheet. Jiru.

In other types of carbonless paper, the image is created using an encapsulated leuco dye chromophore and an acid developer. It is caused by the reaction between. The capsule on the back side of the toner note is Crystal No ( Iolenotolactone, 3,3-His(1-ethyl-2-methyl-indolyl)- 3-phthalide, 3-N, N-7 ethylamino-7-N, N-(nhennlua Mino) Floran is made from leuco dyes such as benzoylleucomethylene blue. Contains color bodies. Usually, the developer is dispersed in a suitable binder as needed. coated with acid clay, phenolic or similar agent A colorless front plate is provided on top of the receptor sheet with an acidic material like a notebook. Converting the precursor to the colored form. In this system, pens, pencils, sharp points held in the hand, etc. or the pressure-based imaging of typical business equipment keys on two types of coated surfaces. Contact occurs between them, which causes the leuco dye coloring body and acid developer to bond and react. By doing so, a colored image is formed. Typically, this means that the leuco dye chromophore is acidic. moving to the location of the developer, i.e. from the donor sheet to the receptor sheet caused by the movement of Again, the image is formed on the receptor note .

Often, carphoneless copy paper formsets are printed on each formose soto. A coating (e.g., fluorocarbon) on at least one of the outer faces. coatings such as carbon fiber coatings). Fluorocarbon coatings are Provides low adhesion properties on the sides and promotes "rolling properties" in enon padding.

The carbonless copy paper currently available on the market has different forms. At least one of the outer surfaces of the material is silicone, fluorocarbon or Curling that would otherwise result from functional coatings on other surfaces of the sheet It has several other coatings to combat curling. This process is Also acts as a release agent for padding adhesives and adhesively eso/padded In the expansion of star-tsuku, individual fusu-musesoto 1go development' or 'expansion' allow to do so. Therefore, engineering/silicon/bank adhesives are suitable for such separation. It is thought that L) is thick enough to form a buri-sono that can interfere with the process. Various paper surface coatings Due to differences in the porosity of the surface and Uranami surfaces, as well as differences in the release coating, certain molds may - Adhesives that provide adhesive padding for phonless copy paper are manufactured by different companies. It cannot be used with other manufactured carbonless copy papers.

"Fan-out" is a stack or pad of multiple form-sets. This is a method of separating into individual sets. "to unfold" or "to unfold" (fanning-apart) One method is to open the edge of the stack with one hand. Grasp the padded end, the non-padded end on the other hand, and hold this stack. Bending into a U shape. supports the stack vertically In the meantime, the padded edges will peel off and fall down.

This applies enough force to the adhesive to separate the pads or stacks into individual sets. Provided to.

Novel Adhesive Cant/Metal or Leuco Dye/Acid Imaging Chemistry of the Invention It is also useful for passing carbonless paper using any of the following methods: these The adhesive has various coatings of different grades of paper and light or heavy coating weights It is also useful for different grades of paper.

The transport agents according to the invention include alkyl groups of 4 to 12 carbon atoms and 2 to 4 carbon atoms. At least one poly(alkylene oxide) mono having an alkylene group of atoms - Contains alkyl ethers. Optionally, alkylene and alkyl groups are linear or a branched carbon chain. The number of alkylene oxide moieties is preferably 2 to 10, More preferably it is 2-4.

Poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ethers useful as transport agents are listed below. vinegar.

Diethylene glycol monoalkyl ether This compound is a union carbide Calpito from Llnion Carbide Corporation It is commercially available under the trademark Carbitol™. An example of Calpitol TM is , butylcalcitol Tll or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or and hexylcalcitol 1' or diethylene glycol 7-hexyl/luete It is le.

/ Probylene Glycol Monoalkyl Ether Such compounds are It is commercially available from Carbide Corporation under the trademark "Diproposol". There is. An example of dibroposol TH is butyl diprobosol ″1′t or /(1,2- propylene glycol) monobutyl ether.

Poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ethers and long chain poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ethers oxide) mono-alkyl ethers are commonly used as surfactants in the industry. known to.

Examples of such surfactants include Vista Chemical Alfonic 1M surfactant derived from Co, ), Unio Tergitol™ surfactant from N Carbide, Inc. Witko no from Witco Chemical Co. - Contains fitconol™ surfactant.

Preferred surfactants are shown below.

Alfsnick”610-5OR This material is made of poly(ethylene oxide) having approximately 3 ethylene oxide units. Reported to be a mixture of mohexyl, octyl and denyl ether ,formula %formula%) [In the formula, n is 6.8 and 10, and p is about 3]. It is. This is CAS registration number 31726-34-8.27252-75-1 and 26]83-52-8.

Alphoninck”810-60 This material is a poly(ethylene oxide) with approximately 48 ethylene oxide units. reported to be seven-octyl and denyl ethers, with the formula 6%) 8 In formula 1, n is 8 and 10, and p is about 5. It is said that the structure shown in ing. This is CAS registration number 27252-75-1 and 26183-52- It is a mixture of 8.

Alphoninoku 1M810-40 This material is made of poly(ethylene oxide) having approximately 2.5 ethylene oxide units. ) is reported as a mixture of mono-hexyl, okunlu, denul and dodecyl ethers. and the formula %formula%) [wherein n is 6,8,1o and 12 and p is between 2 and 3. ] It is said to be a structure. This is CAS registration number 68439-45-2.

Tar7 Thor T1'TMN The material is also known as isolaureth-6, formula 6 formula%) The structure is 2,6,8-trimethane having 6 ethylene oxide units. It is believed to be thyl-nonyloxo/polyethyloxoethanol. this has CAS registration number 61702-78-1.

Tar7 ThorTMTMNIO This material is also known as isolaureth-10, formula 6%) 2,6.8-trifluoride having the structure shown above and having 10 ethylene oxide units It is considered to be limethylnonyloxypolyethyleoxyethanol. this has CAS registration number 6282-78-6.

"Wicconol" J171 and 172 These materials are poly-alkylene polymers. It is considered a recall ether.

[To Uikkonor” J120 The material is thought to be alkyl polyoxyethylene glycol ether, and is Alkylene glycol (hydrophilic) long chain alkyl hanging from the main chain (hydrophobic) It is said to have a chain. Therefore, this surfactant has a hydrophobic alkyl at one end. group and has a hydrophilic hydroxyl and ether group at the other end.

Poly(alkylene oxide) mohe alkyl ether is used as the transport agent component of this adhesive. Other ingredients may be included along with the base material. These other components contribute to impurities in the paper. Any compound that increases solvation or accelerates adhesive drying. transportation Examples of additional components preferred for inclusion in the agent include at least 3 in the alkyl group. Alkyl alcohols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 6 carbon atoms, are included. Included. This alkyl alcohol is preferably monovalent, but for example, 1° If all the hydroxyl groups are at one end, as in 2-hexanol, even polyvalent good. Preferred monohydric alcohols include l-propanol, 1-butanol, 1- Includes pentanol and l-hexanol.

The minimum amount of transport agent required to achieve the objectives of the present invention varies depending on the type of transport agent. Ru. The amount of transport agent required when good bonding strength of the adhesive is required is This is significantly higher than the amount of surfactant if good surface wetting is required.

The amount of transport agent required cannot be predicted by the contact angle of the adhesive. in general, The transport agent in this latex is preferably about 2 to 8%, but about 10 to 15% by weight. It can be used even if it exceeds.

While not being bound by theory, the transport agent contained in this adhesive is is believed to provide increased penetration of the adhesive and increase the bonding effect of the adhesive to the coated paper. ing. The adhesive of the present invention does not contain binders that have excess solvent that can interfere with the bonding process. - Particularly useful for thickly coated sheets with microcapsules in them.

Typically, such adhesion failures are treated with a bad edge to provide a clean edge. This can be seen when the edges are cut just before the adhesive is applied. This bat immediately after cutting has eight permanently cut and crushed microcapsules, and these The solvent and color former are released. As is clear, the transport agent inhibits these solvates the materials and removes them from the edge areas to which the pads are bonded.

The above-mentioned adhesives are used in the new development area of carbonless papers prepared from them. It is particularly preferably used. Preferably a form of unique design in limited quantity specifically preparing their own carbonless formsets for preparing This is useful when conducting business characterized by Also, in business, The inventory of printed carphoneless forms can be significantly reduced. short term This is because they can prepare themselves for the demand. A foo like this The camera set is made using the electrophotographic method (normal office (such as a standard optical copier) and then use this set on their own It can be made by bonding using a padding adhesive. However, on paper It can be seen that the optical copying process introduced in paper introduces impurities into the paper. it's a copy Machine oil, paper chips, toner particles or a combination of such materials. this The presence of impurities significantly inhibits edge panning adhesion. Effective amount of transport agent Addition to Tsuji padding adhesives with low or no VOC content Provides good to excellent adhesion properties in both conditions.

As mentioned above, volatile organic compounds have vapor pressures greater than 0.1 Torr at 20°C. It is a material that has More preferably, the VoC has a vapor pressure greater than 0.021-R. Defined as having.

As outlined here, the transport agent leaks its contents into the microcapsule components. It is clear that the effects should not be so negative as to be harmful.

Poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether and alkyl alcohol The transport agent, which is a mixture, contains at least 1-1.5% based on the total weight of the adhesive. By containing a poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether component of provides the desired degree of adhesion for permanent bonding. The alkali of such transport agent mixtures The alcohol component should be at least 0.4% alcohol as a percentage of the total adhesive. Account for Lucyl Alcohol. Preferred alkyl alcohols for use are 3- It has 8, more preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

Particularly preferred transport agents are poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether blocks. It is a rend. More preferably, the transport agent is diethylene glycol monoalkyl ester. It is a blend of Most preferably, the transport agent is diethylene glycol mono A blend of butyl ether and diethylene glycol monohexyl ether. Ru.

Preferred water-based latex adhesives include poly(styrene/butanene) and (ethyl acrylate/N-methylol acrylamide). these angels Applications make the new adhesive compositions highly resistant to destabilization and offer outstanding Provides adhesion values. Other useful water-based latex adhesive polymers include poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinitine chloride/butanene/styrene), Poly(ethyl acrylate/methyl acrylate) and poly(ethyl acrylate) rate).

When used for etching carbonless copy paper, approximately 18% by weight (dry base) It is preferred to use water-based latex adhesive polymers that are less than So This may cause the edgepad stack to separate into separate parts when expanded. considered certain. Also, to ensure proper adhesion between individual sorts of cents It is preferred to use a water-based latex adhesive polymer in an amount greater than 10% by weight. Delicious.

In addition to components a), b) and C), this new adhesive composition contains small amounts of other components. may contain. For example, up to 10% by weight of this composition is preferred. It is sorbitol. It is virtually non-volatile and exists in dry adhesives. Its presence has a substantially permanent plasticizing effect. (referred to as "altered") The term refers to the treatment of sorbitol to render it amorphous. ).

The presence of such modified sorbitol makes this new adhesive composition The versatility for use with boneless copy paper is improved. This modified sorbitol When the amount of carbon is substantially greater than 6%, the new adhesive composition It does not adhere well to copy paper. More preferably, it does not adhere well to copy paper. % of the new adhesive composition (on a dry basis). Amorphous form Sorbitol in the state is available from ICI Americas Inc. [SorboJ, "Sorpospenyal" and "Arlex (^ rlex) J.

The invention can be more easily understood by referring to the figures. This diagram is A set of notebooks made of carbonless copy paper, the construction and construction of a notebook set made of carbonless copy paper A cross section of the ging is shown. When this stack is unfolded, it separates into individual se sotos.

The figure shows a top sheet 11 (back coating C) placed on a table 15. B), intermediate sheets 12 and 13 (front and back coating CFB) and bottom sheet 14 (face coated CF) with a stack of 4 parts carbonless copy paper 10 be. Each CB coating contains rupturable capsules that release reagents if they rupture. release and cause a color change reaction in adjacent CF coatings.

The outer uncoated surfaces of the top sheet 11 and the bottom sheet 14 are respectively Treated with release agents 16 and 17. Stack with smooth edges 18 10 using a flat plate (not shown). Steal par 1 with edge 18 During compression at 9, a water-based adhesive composition 20 is applied to the edges and by flowing into the adhesively edge-padded stack of the present invention. provide a check.

Proper adhesion between individual sheets of each set in aligned stacks To ensure completely, excess adhesive composition flows out from the edges of the stack. Apply a sufficient amount of this new water-based adhesive composition to the edges of the stack until Should.

Carbonless copy paper is often arranged in the following sets:

2 part set 1st sheet CB = back coating 2nd): CF = surface coating 3 cents 1st sheet: CB = back coating 2nd sheet/CFB = front and back coating 3rd sheet: CF = front coating 4 part set No. 17-): CB-back coating 2nd sheet: CFB = front and back coating 3rd sheet: CFB = front and back coating 4th sheet/CF=front coating Each CB coating has a rupturable capsule. If it ruptures, it will cause damage to the adjacent CntL cover. and releases a reagent that causes a color change reaction.

To ensure uniformity of the edges of the stack, preferably edge-bagging Preferably, the edges are compressed with a weight during the process. The degree of compression depends on the reagent It is not critical unless the capsule it contains ruptures (preferably about 50 psi (340kPa) or less). If there is no capsule to rupture, depending on the degree of compression There are virtually no limits.

Forming a strong CB/CF junction in a two-part cent is more difficult than forming CB/CFB and CFB/CF joints between sheets of . Forms strong CFB/CFB junctions in sets of 4 or more parts is more difficult than forming strong CB/CFB and CFB/CF junctions. It is. Therefore, for sets of 4 or more, the CFB/CFB junction is Most likely to peel off during development or crash printing. /-t The most stringent evaluation of the ability to form strong bonds is that in a three-part set, Rather, in 2-part sets (CB/CF) and 4-part sets (CFB/CFB) It is done.

Furthermore, a surprising fact was discovered. In some types of carbonless paper, the present invention Form a stack of aligned papers when using Enon Buzzing Adhesive No physical fan is required to separate into sets. These paper smells In this case, no significant adhesion is formed between the formsets, and the sets can be separated and unfolded. They can be separated from each other without doing anything. This is done when the adhesive has dried to an appropriate degree. For form-set manufacturers who don't have to worry about performing expandable functions This is a very important benefit.

The invention is further explained by reference to the following detailed examples. these The examples are provided to further illustrate the invention and its scope. It should not be construed as limiting the

Evaluation method The performance of enonovant adhesive compositions can be determined by two types of tests. on the other hand shows how easily a stack of aligned /−ts can be separated into cents. "Development Evaluation Test"), on the other hand, indicates the strength of the adhesive bond between the individual sheets of the set. (“Joint strength test”). First, trim the stack (trial) I,... I pressed down on the rimmed edge. Glue this edge within 5 minutes unless otherwise noted. I applied an edge pad and continued compression. This elanopaging lasts for one night. Dry and then test.

Deployment evaluation test Follow these steps to stack a set of aligned sheets that are edge-padded. The development was evaluated according to the following.

1) Hold the edge-butted end of the stack with one hand, which is not padded. Holding the end with the other hand, the stack was bent into an rUJ shape. Then this stack If you hold the hook vertically and open the padded end, the end will droop downward. I got angry. If the deployment was complete, the rating was 3.5. Otherwise Continued below.

2) Place this stack on a flat surface, extending 1 inch (2) from the edge of the padded end. ゜5cm) Place your fingers other than your thumb on one side, place your thumb under that corner, and place your finger on the north edge of the pad. Both corners of the azalea were expanded upward at the same time. If the deployment is complete, rate it as 3.0. did. If not, proceed as follows.

3) North end of Elan-Pad approximately 3 inches (7.6 cm) from the corner of the edge-padded end Position your thumb on a flat surface with your thumb underneath and your non-thumb fingers on top, then simultaneously press up once. It was spread out to the side. If the deployment was completed, the evaluation was 2.5. Otherwise I continued .

4) Place your fingers other than the thumb on top, and place your thumb under the edge of the edge if necessary. The stack was placed on a flat surface and layered twice on top at the same time. Deployment complete If so, the evaluation was set as 2.0. If not, continued.

5) Hold this stack as in step 4) and use both thumbs if necessary. Layered 3 times. If the deployment was completed, the evaluation was 1.5. If not, continue Ta.

6) Hold the stack in step 4) and unfold it more than 6 times with your thumb if necessary.

If the deployment was completed, the evaluation was set as 1.0. If not, continued.

7) Hold the stack in step 4) and continue to unfold it as necessary with your thumb. part If a certain development was obtained, the evaluation was given as 05, otherwise the evaluation was given as 0.

Generally, a deployment rating of 20 is acceptable in the carbonless copy paper industry. but , higher values are preferred.

Adhesive strength test Stretch the strength of the adhesive bond between two individual notebooks in a set of carbonless copy paper. force measuring device (i.e. Noyon Chatilon & Sons) lon & 5oz.

Inc.), available from Greensboro NC. The test was conducted using Digital Force Gain No. DFG Model R3-50). 1 Place the non-padded edge of the notebook in the clamp and attach it to the padded edge of the other sheet. Hold the loose end with the thumb, fingers, and palm of one hand to ensure that the joint separates. I pulled it slowly until it came out. In the 4-part set, measurements are taken on the front cover and the front and Between the back covering sheet (CF/CFB), two front and back covering sheets (CFB/CFB) CFB), and between the front and back covering sheets and the backing sheet (CFB/CB) This was done by

Typically, the lowest cathilone “bond strength” in a four-part set is CFB/CF It is B.

The "joint strength" is 10N (10 Newt) for a width of 85 inches (21.6 cm) Beyond that, the set of eso/joint notes may include crack/yu printing or perforation. Resists premature peeling in all conventional printing operations. exceed this minimum Bond strength is preferred.

Experimental example In the following examples all parts are by weight. each latte used Weights reported for boxes are dry weights. Each of the reported below "Bond strength" is the average of at least 5 measurements.

Examples 1-4 The effectiveness of the present adhesive on papers with different edges was evaluated. It is shown below An esonobang adhesive composition having a formulation was prepared as an adhesive composition^.

The results are shown in Table ■. The test was carried out using two parts of 3M's [Blue/Purple J (b/p)]. Set and "Blue/Purple" 4-part set were used. Example 1 and and 2 are performed using newly cut sorts, and these have “cut edges”. That's what it means. Examples 3 and 4 were carried out on paper mill trimmed sheets and It is said to have a milling edge.

Adhesive composition ^ Rhoplex HA-2415,096 (dry weight) amorphous Modified sorbitol 1.1 0-Plex HA-24 is a Rohm and Haas aas), Philadelphia, P^ Possible water-based poly(ethyl-acrylate/polyN-methylolacrylate) Mid) latex adhesive polymer.

Table 1 Deployment evaluation and bonding strength of each type of edgy paper 2-part set 4-part set to Joint strength Joint strength Example Deployment evaluation Newtono Deployment evaluation Connection Newton 2 3.5 C B/CF8 66.6 CFB/CFB 57.0 CFB/CF 63.6 3 3, 5 27.0 4 3.5 CB/CF8 73.3 CFB/CFB 62.4 CFB/CF 72.5 Examples 5-62 A series of elastomers with identical formulations except for the use of different delivery agents and amounts of delivery agent. A Thing adhesive composition was prepared. Table II shows the amount of transport agent (wt%) and Part 2 "Blue/Purple J (b/p)", "Part 4 Blue/Purple J (b/p)" obtained from 3M Company. 2-part Scotch mark (Scotct+mark)" or 4-part Scotch mark The figure shows the "bonding strength" using Tchmark 7M carbonless copy paper.

The development rating was 3.5 in all cases.

Example (part) Ingredients 87 88 89-128.131 (440-Pre7x ■＾-241 5,015,015,0 Amorphous sorbitol 0.0 1.1 1.1 Transport agent 00 00 Quantity shown below Water 85.0 83.9 Balance amount Total 1000% 1000% 100.0% VOC content (g/L) 0 0 0 Flash point〉93℃〉93℃〉93℃The results in Table II show that sorbitol and The absence of both transport agents, or the absence of only the transport agent, results in a four-part Scotchmark “CFB/ The results show poor bonding strength for CFB bonding. In addition, 2 to 3% of carpi between the CFB/CFB nodes in the form-set due to the presence of toll transport agents. Good adhesion was promoted.

Examples 63-76 A study was conducted of the amount of adhesive polymer required for adhesion. Have the prescription shown below An Elan-bazing adhesive composition was prepared. However, Roplex HA-2 The percentage amount of 4 polymers was varied. Indicates deployment evaluation and bond strength The results are shown in Table III. All evaluations are based on a 2-part set of 3M products. Lou/Purple J (b/p), 4-part set of “Blue/Purple”, 2-part Scotch This was done using Scotchmark T or 4-coat Scotchmark 1 carbonless copy paper.

In the multi-part set, the CFB/CFB junction is the weakest joint, and in the four-part set In this case, only the CFB/CFB bond strength was measured.

Ingredients Weight% Rhoplex H^-24 latex, amount shown below butylcarpitol 2. 0 Hexylcalcitol 0.6 Water balance amount Total 10o0 These results are consistent with edge badge adhesives containing up to 27% polymer. Good bond strength was observed, however, with more than about 22% polymer shows that a slight increase in bond strength was also obtained. More than about 17% The development was reduced in polymers that However, within an acceptable range (i.e. >2 ．． 0).

Examples 77-79 We investigated the necessity of modified sorbitol in the presence of calpitol. less than An edge padding adhesive composition was prepared having the formulation shown. However, the denatured sol The percentage amount of Vitol was varied.

Ingredients Weight% Lawlex H^-24 latex 15% (dry weight) amorphous modified sorbitol Amount shown below Butyl Calhitol 2.0 Hexyl carbitol 0.6 Water balance amount Total 1000 The development evaluation and bonding strength shown in Table V are based on the results obtained by using calpitol as the transport agent. shows that this eliminates the need for modified sorbitol. All exams are 3 ``Blue/Purple J (b/p)'', a 2-part set obtained from Company M, a 4-part set. "Blue/No<-Pull", 2 parts Scotchmark 1''' or 4 parts Scotchmark This was done using TM6-boneless copy paper. For multi-part sets, CFB/CFB connection The joint is the weakest joint, and the strength of the CFB/CFB joint is the only one in the 4-part cent. was measured.

The deployment rating was 35 in all cases.

Examples 80-88 A series of edge padding adhesive compositions were prepared having the formulations shown below. however , the percentage amount of hexanol was varied.

Ingredients Weight% Lowplex H^-24 Latex 15.0 Butyl Calpitol 20 Hexanol　Amount shown below Water balance amount Total 100.0% Table V shows the results showing the development evaluation and the severe bond change. All evaluations are from 3M Company. ``Blue/Purple J (b/p)'' available in 2 copies, and ``Blue/Purple J (b/p)'' in 4 copies. This was done using "Blue/Purple" carbonless copy paper.

It must be noted that the alkyl alcohols mentioned here are volatile organic solvents. be. The amount of alkyl alcohol solvent to be included should be such that it satisfies VOC requirements. should be strictly limited.

Comparative example Adhesives of the present invention can be used with conventional VOC-containing adhesives on various carbonless paper supports. compared with.

Despite the fact that the adhesive of the present invention does not contain substantial amounts of vOC, the adhesion values are standard. There was a comparison within the deviation. The minimum adhesion value allowed is lO Newton It is better than that.

Adhesives to be compared are shown below.

Adhesive composition B 20 Butyl calhitol 06 Hequinoric Luhitol 150 Lowplex ■^-24 Latex (dry weight) Poly (Egg Luakuri) Rate/h-methylol acrylamide 15 (dry weight) Amorphous sorbitol 1.5 Po1) (egg acrylate methylol acrylamide) 17 (dry weight) poly (Ethyl acrylate l' Methyl acrylate (92/8) 13 (dry weight) Water 61 Newton on the adhesiveness of paper) Scotchmark 1 - continued blue-purple image Newton on the adhesiveness of paper) blue-purple image Tartan 7′″ Newton on the adhesiveness of paper) black image TartanTM and Black Image The paper is a commercially available coated paper that can be used as a carbonless form set manufactured by 3M Company. be. Xerox trademark carphoneless paper is manufactured by Xerox Corp. oratin).

Manila tag in 4-part form, leisure and xerox In No. 1, the adhesive strength was kept low for both adhesives. However, adhesive B When used, canary (canaryXCFB) and pink (pinkXcFB) ) with a significant increase in bond strength for 4-part, 5-part and 6-part papers. did Therefore, larger formsets form better formsets. Has a stronger "spine".

The result of passing the blur image is that adhesive B has problems with passing on this paper. Indicates that it does not cause In fact, Adhesive B is the comparative adhesive in the black image. Stronger adhesive strength than C.

The effectiveness of the adhesive of the invention on multiple sources of carbonless paper was also demonstrated. .

□ Loco 20-IJ-Mu Loco Mu Mu Mu 5- Loco Mu Moo Mu Mu IJ (J u u L ri (ri Q (-(ri L) u (J L co (-All in spreading for Adhesive B1 Comparative Adhesive and Comparative Adhesive E The test rating was 3.5. Adhesive B had good adhesion on all evaluated papers. provided.

Adhesive B exceeded or equaled the adhesive strength of conventional vOc-containing adhesives (standard within the standard deviation).

Adhesive B is Mead Transrite T&l, NCR Black and NCR Perform (Carbonless) Worked very well on paper. Very good adhesion and formset tearing A solid formset was obtained.

The adhesion of Adhesive B and Comparative Adhesive C over time was evaluated.

The adhesive was tested under two environmental conditions: controlled temperature and humidity. Article 1 The settings were to maintain the temperature at 23°C and the humidity at 50%. After that, r23-50 It is called "room". The second condition settings were adjusted to 27° C. and 80% humidity. Later It is called "Room r27-80". 2 parts adhesive and 4 parts blue/purple image paper and evaluated.

Evaluate three series of papers and apply the adhesive for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours and approx. Drying took place over a period of 16 hours (-overnight). Stack tested for unfolding and adhesion did.

Next, the three test results at each time are averaged, and the The adhesion properties are plotted on a graph of Newton's The adhesives used were compared with each other.

Adhesion vs. time Part 2 Blue-Purple Image (CB-CF) Room 23-50 Room 27-80 Time (hrs, ) Comparative Adhesive C Adhesive B Comparative Adhesive C Adhesive Bo　o　o o.

O,2511,810,3 0,515,112,88,36,1 ], 19.7 20.2 8.3 6.82 28.6 31.2 15.8 14. OA 30.3 34.2 20.5 15.716 33.9 3g , 0 23.5 21.5 standard deviation 3.5 2.8 2.6 2.04 part bull -Purple Image (CB-CFB) Room 23-50 Room 27-80 Time (hrs, ) Comparative Adhesive C Adhesive B Comparative Adhesive C Adhesive Bo　o　o o.

O,517,916,911,18,1124,326,611,09,2 237,545,919,720,6 446, 557, 725, O25, 6 1654,870,932,533,5 standard deviation 4.3 2.2 3.0 2 ．． 12 28.8 38.2 16.2 13.24 30.0 53.4 1 7.2 18.016 30, 4 57.1 20.1 26.2 Standard deviation 5 ．． 7 4.8 3.5 3.10, 5 21.5 17.1 g, 3 7.9 1 28.6 26.0 9.8 10.42 49.5 51.9 21.7 23.14 59.7 60.3 28.0 31.516 72.0 68 ．． 3 40.4 38.0 standard deviation 5.4 3.1 2.0 3.223-5 0 room conditions All test ratings for deployment were 3.5. During the first 30-45 minutes of drying , Adhesive B has a weak adhesive strength when compared with Comparative Adhesive C. 1 hour waiting time It is as strong, if not stronger, than Comparative Adhesive C. After 1 hour, contact Adhesive B is stronger in all bonds when compared to Comparative Adhesive C. This tendency Both 2 part and 4 part results occurred.

27-80 room conditions All test ratings for deployment were 3.5. During the first hour, adhesive B It showed similar low adhesive strength when compared to Comparative Adhesive C. After 1-2 hours, connect Adhesive B is substantially equal in adhesive strength when compared to Comparative Adhesive C. child Although there are some differences between the two adhesives, all results are within the standard deviation It is within.

23-50 room vs. 27-80 room condition These results show that the conditions (temperature/humidity) are such that adhesive strength of Adhesive B and Comparative Adhesive C is clearly demonstrate that it has a clear significant impact on In rooms 27-80, 23-50 Surface adhesives reduced adhesive strength at all evaluation points when compared to chambers. It was. Although surface adhesives mainly contain water, the decrease in adhesive strength is probably caused by Due to increased humidity in the conditions.

In rooms 27-80, Comparative Adhesive C has an overall increase in adhesive strength. This appears to be due to the 21% alcohol in the solution. However, this It's not the truth. At both ambient conditions, this alcohol It appears to improve adhesion only in the medium. After 1 hour, the surface adhesive will be strong. Almost equal in degree.

Although the adhesive of the present invention does not contain x to shorten drying time, the adhesive of the present invention Edge panning adhesives have a preferred 1 hour drying time, making them carbonless. The time required before the stack of paper can be unrolled is not increased. In high humidity conditions, With current adhesives it is recommended to increase the time to 2 hours.

transport agent mixture A mixture of more than one component of the transport agent is transported to a black image carbonless paper from 3M. It was evaluated in This paper is a coated paper with a relatively thick coating of color former.

A series of edge-bathing adhesive compositions were prepared having the formulations shown below. just and the percentage amounts of butylcarpitol and hexylcarpitol were varied. .

Ingredients Weight% Roblex HA-24 latex 15. OB Amount shown below Water balance amount Total 100.0 The bond strength is shown in Table V■. Combination of butylcarpitol and hexylcarpitol In the assembly, either the two-part form-set and the CFB/CF junction Provided better adhesion than when the components were used alone. I think a solvation effect also occurred. However, a small amount of hexylcarpitol is present along with a large amount of butylcarpitol. The best effect was obtained when

Table■ Butyl hexyl adhesive Calpitol Calpitol 2 parts CB/CFB CFB/CFB CFB/ CF39 0 0 2.5 14.5 15.9 0.090 2 0 17. 0 63.3 41.4 61.991 0 1 24.8 73.7 49. 8 68.392 2 1 34.2 80.4 41.9 72.493 1 0.5 26.4 27.7 10.5 26.6 A product with the following prescriptions: A series of edge padding adhesive compositions were prepared. However, butylcarpitol and the percentage amount of hexanol.

Ingredients Weight% Lowplex H^-24 Latex 15.0 Butyl Calchtol Shown below amount Hexanol　Amount shown below Water balance amount Total 1000 The bond strength is shown in Table VII. Combination of butylcarpitol and hexanol Which component alone for the two-part form-set and CFB/CF junction provided a better adhesive than those used in A solvation effect may also have occurred, but it was not significant. The best results are obtained using a small amount of hexanol with a large amount of butylcarpitol. Example of effect: Transport agent Butyl adhesive #leE)-11 NI-k 2nd part CB/CFB CFB/CFB CFB/C F94 0 0 0 51.2 41.3 0.695 2 0 22.0 5 0.9 25,6 37.696 0 1 7.2 68,6 49,8 66 ．． 597 2 1 16.4 61.5 28.6 59.298 1 0.5 21.0 68.4 32.9 65.299 3 1.25 36.0 g 6,0 50.3 80.6 International search report international search report Continuation of front page (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, DE.

DK, ES, FR, GB, GR, IT, LU, NL, SE), AU , C.A., J.P., K.R. (72) Inventor: Crater, Michael A. United States of America 55133-3 427, St. Paul, Minnesota, Post Office Box 33427 Number (no address displayed) (72) Inventor: Kristen, Daniel Be America Post Office, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55133-3427, United States Box No. 33427 (no address displayed) (72) Inventor: Emery, F. Leah G.A. 55133-3427, St. Paul, Minnesota Post office box number 33427 (no address displayed)

Claims (26)

[Claims] 1. Developed edge of aligned carbonless copy paper - suitable water for padding A base adhesive composition comprising: a) water-based latex adhesive polymer 7.5-27% dry weight, b) 4-1 having an alkyl group of 2 carbon atoms and an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms Containing at least one poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether 0.5 to 15% of a water-dispersible transport agent; and c) water; Adhesives with VOC content below 250 g/l without water and without excluded solvents Composition. 2. The water-based adhesive composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of transport agent is 2-8%. . 3. 2. The transport agent of claim 1, wherein the transport agent has 2 to 10 alkylene oxide moieties. water-based adhesive composition. 4. 2. The transport agent of claim 1, wherein the transport agent has 2 to 4 alkylene oxide moieties. Water-based adhesive composition. 5. Claim 1, wherein the transport agent is diethylene glycol monoalkyl ether. Adhesive composition as described. 6. Claim 1, wherein the transport agent is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. adhesive composition. 7. Claim 1, wherein the transport agent is diethylene glycol monohexyl ether. Adhesive composition as described. 8. Claim wherein the transport agent is dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ether. 1. Adhesive composition according to item 1. 9. The transport agent is a poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether, or The adhesive composite of claim 1, wherein is a mixture of alkyl alcohols. 10. 8. The alkyl alcohol according to claim 7, wherein the alkyl alcohol has 3 to 5 carbon atoms. Adhesive composite. 11. The transport agent is a poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether of greater than 1 The adhesive composite of claim 1, wherein the adhesive composite is a mixture of adhesives. 12. The poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether is diethylene oxide. 10. The adhesive composite of claim 9 which is a recall monoalkyl ether. 13. The transport agent is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. Adhesive composition according to claim 10, which is in a mixture with coal monohexyl ether. t. 14. The water-based adhesive of claim 1, which is substantially free of volatile organic compounds. Composition. Claim 1 further comprising up to 15.10% by weight of amorphous modified sorbitol. Water-based adhesive compositions as described. 16. Water-based adhesive according to claim 7, wherein the amount of modified sorbitol is between 2 and 6%. agent composition. 17. Water-based latex adhesive with an amount of polymer of 10-18% (dry weight) 2. The water-based adhesive composition of claim 1. 18. The water-based latex adhesive polymer is poly(styrene/butadiene). ).) The water-based adhesive composition of claim 1. 19. The water-based latex adhesive polymer is poly(ethyl acrylate/ N-methylol acrylamide) according to claim 1. Composition. 20. At least 4 poly(alkylene oxide) monoalkyl ethers The water-based adhesive composition of claim 1 having an alkyl group of carbon atoms of . The water-based adhesive composition of claim 1 having a flash point greater than 21.94°C. . 22. A volatile substance having a vapor pressure greater than 0.02 Torr at 20°C. 2. The water-based method according to claim 1, wherein the VOC content is calculated using the definition of organic compounds. Adhesive composition. 23. Aligned carbonless copy paper that includes the following steps 1) and 2) Connecting a stack of sets of sheets such that the stack can be expanded into individual sets. How to properly edge padding: 1) a) Water-based latex adhesive polymer - 7.5-27% (dry weight), b ) alkyl groups of 4 to 12 carbon atoms and alkylene groups of 2 to 4 carbon atoms at least one poly(alkylene oxide) mono-alkyl ether having 0.5-15% by weight of a water-dispersible transport agent containing; and c) balance water. and water with a VOC content below 250 g/l without water and without excluded solvents. applying a base adhesive composition to the edges of the stack; 2) Drying the applied adhesive composition. 24.3) unfolding the stack into a set of individual sheets; 14. The method according to claim 13. 25. a) Donor suitable for impact marking carbonless by electrophotography and b) forming an image on the donor and receptor paper. c) aligning the stack of forms into a stack of forms; c) placing claims on the edges of the stack; Applying a water-based adhesive composition according to 1: and d) drying the applied adhesive composition; How to prepare a set of response copy papers. 26. An adhesively edge-padded array using the adhesive composition of claim 1. A stack of carbonless copy paper sets.