JPH06504025A - Surface coating compositions and composites - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Surface coating compositions and composites The present invention provides surface coating compositions and complexes with enhanced corrosion and ultraviolet resistance, respectively. It concerns composite materials.

The present invention provides at least 37.5% by weight (based on the total weight of the composition) of an active photonic compound. cement as agent, film-forming agent or binder and non-aqueous solvent or diluent. an anhydrous surface coating composition comprising cement having a particle size of less than 200 microns; The percentage by weight of cement or the total weight of any other inorganic solids in the composition is not greater than The composition is applied to a substrate without the addition of water. It provides a method of protection for the body.

The invention also provides surface coating compositions for use in the method.

The invention further relates to fiber-reinforced plastic materials and (ignoring fiber reinforcement) Provides a composite material containing cement as an active photostimulant with a weight of 37.5% and 96%. However, the particle size of Cement 1 is not larger than 200 microns.

Corrosion and UV degradation of surface coatings formed from surface coating compositions according to the present invention (In an ultraviolet accelerated weathering test device, proven). In particular, the coating is resistant to damage in the marine environment as a result of exposure to seawater. corrosion and water vapor caused by atmospheric oxygen and water/steam, such as occurs in Resists corrosion caused by water/water vapor and ion penetration. elevated The increased corrosion resistance results from the reduced oxygen, water/water vapor and ion permeability of the coating. I believe that.

The reasons for the enhanced protective properties of the coatings produced according to the invention are readily understood. This may be due to hydration of the cement filler in the surface layer applied to the substrate. it is conceivable that. Additionally, if the surface of the protective coating is scratched by friction or impact, If the cement fill is newly exposed due to subsequent contact with water or The agent will be hydrated and its binding protective coating will be self-rehydrated.

A further important factor is the formation of the coating in the applied coating as a result of the evaporation of volatiles. With the expansion of cementum l on hydration which would tend to seal some pores It is believed that there is. Also, fests will usually swell when they absorb water, Moreover, swelling tends to increase the porosity of the material. On the contrary, the present invention In a first coating formed from a composition of The resulting diffused cement I hydrate has the ability to form in the varnish substrate for hydration. It tends to close part of the pores of the mind.

Coatings according to the invention generally provide effective corrosion resistance without sacrificing the zinc anode. will supply. and the composition of the invention preferably contains such additives. do not have.

The composite plastic material of the present invention possesses advantageous properties including: l) a reduced Water, air and ion permeability. Also, if the surface of the material is scratched due to friction or impact, If this occurs, subsequent contact with water or water vapor may result in As the protective layer continues to form, the hydration of the newly exposed cement filler increases. This causes the material to effectively self-heal.

11) Attenuated UV degradation/UV irradiation, which is believed to occur as follows: After the initial surface deterioration of the plastic material caused by exposure to water or water vapor, At least by exposure to plastic materials or formed cement hydrates will be partially protected.

During exposure to aqueous media, the cement filler expands and the glass fiber reinforced epoxy Seals diffusion paths and pores in the material such as those commonly found in resins Tendency to establish some protective layer or matrix (lower density than anhydrous fillers) ) form insoluble and relatively impermeable hydrates.

The plastic material may be a thermoplastic or thermoset material.

Examples of thermoplastic materials that can be used are polyethylene, polypropylene, Lopyrene, polysilphonone-1, poly(L-Nylchloride), polyester, thermoplastic rubber, copolymers and polymer mixtures.

Examples of thermosetting materials that can be used are epoxy resins and unsaturated polyesters. A particularly important application of the current scheme is N deep and complex leak paths. Glasses that have ever suffered from water permeability problems caused by the presence or development of Fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composition 1! The goal is to improve corrosion resistance.

Depending on the intended end use, the composite material may contain active photoresistants t1, for example pigments, accelerators (e.g. friction agents) and fiber reinforcement, plus one or more Conventional additives are also usually included.

Cement 1- is added to plastics using any technique conventionally used for mixing fillers. Can be mixed into the stock material. - Desired shells, cement, if present. To avoid inactivation of the active material due to undesirable hydration and encapsulation. You have to be careful to keep the ingredients dry.L:,No. However, after heating and mixing This does not completely exclude water cooling, since (e.g. injection molding) hydration by subsequent heating to 200°C or more This is because it is possible to base up to 096.

[According to academic rules, cement may be used in some cases before or after polymerization of plastic However, to avoid premature hydration, it may be necessary to mix the It is essential to avoid polymerization processes that produce large amounts of water.

The composite plastic material of the present invention can be manufactured using standard techniques (extrusion, injection molding, blow molding or compression molding) and a wide range of shaped structural components (pipes, roof tiles). Illustrated with 71-1 and other architectural components). For sheet moldings In the case of the composite material of the invention, the sheet can be part of the laminate or can be a non-woven material. A laminate may also be used.

The reference is generally made from applications in moldings other than composite materials or sheet moldings. It is a thing.

For certain purposes, an important molding of the composite material according to the invention is a plastic material or other than polyethylene, other than polyolefin, or natural or synthetic Includes molded products other than rubber.

Preferably, the fiber reinforcement comprises glass fibers. For present purposes, fibers are filamentous structure, the length of which is at least one time larger than the diameter, and possible sometimes larger than or even more than twice the diameter it is conceivable that.

The length of each fiber is generally at least 5 cm, usually at least 7.5 cm. And even more special, it will be at least 10 cm. The fiber-reinforced material of the present invention Depending on the intended use of the composite material, the length of each fiber can also be 12.5 cm. m or more, such as at least 15 cm, at least 20 cm, at least Both may be 25 cm or at least 30 cm.

The cement filler in the compositions or composites of the invention may be any hydraulic cement, high Alumina cement, white or black Portland cement or pozzolanic cement; and 1 alone or e.g. fly ash, volcanic ash, blast furnace slab, oxidized mag one or more species with heptamene-like properties such as nesium or γ-alumina; It can also be used as a mixture with other materials listed above. with cement mixture I can do it. In particular, calcium (such as that available from Lafarge) Good results were obtained using aluminate cement. These results are It is believed that the relatively high rate of hydration of cement is responsible.

The maximum particle size of cement is generally essentially less than 200 microns, which is advantageous. is smaller than 150 microns, preferably smaller than 100 microns, and preferably less than 50 microns, especially less than 25 microns. There will be.

The maximum particle size of any other inorganic solids in the surface coating composition or composite material is also important. It is important 1. Generally not more than 200 microns, advantageously 150 microns. smaller, preferably smaller than 100 microns, more particularly 50 microns. It may be smaller than a micron, and especially smaller than 25 microns.

The maximum particle size or its particle size distribution of It is not essential that it is the same as other inorganic solids.

The cement surface area (BET) indicated by the average particle diameter of cement is approximately 5 to 10 microns. Equivalent to the average particle diameter of ron, it is within the range of 0.2 to 0.14 m'/g.

The surface coating composition or composite material according to the invention is substantially free of mineral aggregates This will be understood from the above-mentioned particle size criteria.

The weight percentage of cement is greater than the total weight percentage of any other inorganic solids. This is essential in the case of surface coating compositions and also for cement-to-surface coatings. The weight ratio of inorganic solids is also preferably in the case of composite materials according to the invention l: Do not exceed l. The fact that it is a dominant inorganic component is generally important for cement. It is important that the weight ratio of cement to soil inorganic solids is advantageously at least 2: 1, preferably at least 3:1, more particularly at least 4.1. Ru.

In the case of composite materials according to the invention, the weight proportion of inorganic solids may include fiber reinforcement. This is a gap that can be calculated without any problem.

Neglecting any fiber reinforcement, cells in the surface coating composition or composite of the present invention The proportion by weight of inorganic bodies other than mentation advantageously does not exceed 2096, preferably Not more than 15% and more especially not more than 1096.

Advantageously, ignoring any fiber reinforcement, the proportion of cement filler is 7 not more than 0% by weight, preferably not more than 60% by weight, and even more special does not exceed 55 weight 96. Cement content in the range of 40-50 weight 96 is high It is useful in the following cases.

Cement fillers and any other inorganic solids, ignoring any fiber reinforcement The total content of advantageously does not exceed 70% by weight 96, preferably 60% by weight 9 6 and more particularly not more than 50% by weight.

When expressed as a dry solid, the cement in the surface coating composition according to the invention The proportion of filler is generally lower than the corresponding proportion in the total composition containing volatiles. High, at least 5-75 weight 96. Therefore, the coating composition of the present invention is generally containing a cement filler of at least 42°5 and 06% on a dry solid substrate; Advantageously less (both 45 weight 96 and preferably at least 50 Contains cement filler weighing 06.

In the composite material according to the invention, the proportion of volatile substances in the surface coating composition is generally It is considerably less than that of the conventional one (so, for example, it is about 2 weight 96).

The surface coating composition or composite material according to the invention (ignoring any fiber reinforcement) ) Advantageously not exceeding 20% by weight and preferably not exceeding 10% by weight96 Contains not exceeding proportions of one or more pigments or other colorants. 5 weight 9 I found out that a ratio of 6 or less is good.

Pigments or colorants can be organic or inorganic materials and can be used in plastic materials or coloring techniques. Any pigment or coloring material suitable for use in surgery. preferred field The pigment includes titanium dioxide pigment. Titanium dioxide pigment (in the range of 3 to 10% by weight, (preferably in proportions not exceeding 5% by weight) alone or in one or more other components. It can be used in combination with additives or colorants. In such a combination Therefore, the proportion of titanium dioxide (based on the total composition or composite material) is advantageous. does not exceed 10% by weight, and the total proportion of any other pigments or colorants is the same. advantageously not more than 10% by weight. Each of said proportions is preferably Do not exceed 5% by weight.

Other pigments that may be mentioned are iron oxides, carbon black and, for example, phthalates. Contains organic pigments such as anines, quinacridones, azo compounds and dioxazines.

The surface coating composition of the present invention includes, for example, thickeners, flow agents, etc. , dissipating agents, wetting agents, catalysts (dryers or accelerators), anti-settling agents and skinning agents. You can choose from inhibitors or other inhibitors customarily used in the coloring technique. Contains one or more additives.

The term "dryer" refers to drying oils or drying oil-modified alkyd resins. Catalyzes oxidative curing and also during the drying or curing process when mixed into varnishes or paints It refers to materials that promote Examples of suitable dryers are sulphthenic or 0 Contains salts of 8 to C20 fatty acids. preferable! 'Lyer's salt is cobal Y phthenate or octanoic acid =] Pal 1, Nato no Kohar 1, and dry magnesium It's salt. Calcium or lead compounds can also be used.

The film-forming agent or binder and the solvent or diluent in the surface coating composition of the invention are Generally any of those conventionally used in non-aqueous paints or varnishes. ( The term "varnish" is used herein to indicate a coating composition that does not contain any pigments. It will be done. ) Depending on the material used, the film former or binder may also be a solvent or diluent. can work together, and now we have separate ingredients for the same purpose. It is interpreted to mean that it may become unnecessary.

Since surface coating compositions can in principle be formulated Lacquer drying (drying by evaporation of a solvent or diluent without reaction) "Drying" (e.g. drying oils or other unsaturated materials with unsaturated polyamides) Components of the oxidative drying or composition (as in the so-called "2-B20" system) Any J number customarily used in coloring techniques such as drying by chemical reactions between You can dry it by the following method.

Examples of paint systems that can be described are (drying or non-drying, long-1 medium-1 or short – oil-based) alkyd resins, foil oils, stand oils, oil-resin varnishes and and those based on lacquers.

Mention is also made of epoxy haze coatings (e.g. epoxy ester resins, epoxy epoxy ester resins), polyurethane-based coatings, urea formal Should consist of depyl-resin, melamine formaldehyde resin and acrylic resin It is.

In principle, a small amount of water (e.g. 1 to 2 parts by weight) is added to the surface coating composition of the present invention. Is acceptable or undesirable pre-hydration and resulting cement fill? The composition should be essentially anhydrous before application to avoid inactivation of the agent. This can be considered to be essential. The enhanced To avoid loss of protective properties, cement must be applied before the coating is applied to the substrate surface. It is important that hydration of the filler does not occur at all.

In principle, film-forming systems produce water as a by-product during the drying process or themselves. It is something that involves a reaction.

Such systems are acceptable unless the moisture content resulting from the coating is high. I can do it.

The surface coating composition of the invention can be filled with activated cement under dry conditions at any suitable stage. The formulation of various ingredients by standard techniques used in paint technology, without the addition of additives. Can be manufactured by mixing. Typically, the starting materials are any commercially available May be a non-aqueous varnish that can be applied to cement and other desired Additives (pigments, llayers, anti-skinning agents, etc.) also provide suitable flow characteristics. To prepare the composition, it is usually thoroughly combined with the addition of a non-aqueous solvent or diluent. be arranged. A further possibility is that the varnish may have some desirability before mixing the cement. It may also contain other additives.

Alternatively, the starting material may be added to the solution as necessary to obtain the appropriate flow characteristics. Along with the addition of the medium or diluent, an appropriate proportion of cement or non-aqueous It may also be a paint composition.

The protective properties of the surface coating composition according to the invention make it suitable for application on a wide range of substrate materials. and find applications for the first bulk substrate products used in a wide range of environments. ing.

Thus, for example, the substrate material may be metal, wood, plastic or building material. The composition can be used, for example, as an exterior paint for domestic and industrial buildings. , especially as a coating for drinking [)] oil rig ships, wharf and port equipment, protective coverings and for a wide range of marine structures such as underwater pipelines and submerged pipelines. Reinforcing strips in concrete for vibrations placed in soils and in aggressive soil conditions. Can be used for steel rods and as a protective coating for bridge structures. Ru. Further possible applications include protection of electronic circuit boards and other components.

The protective coating applied to a substrate according to the invention may be a single coating or may include one or more additional coatings applied below and/or on top of the coating of the invention. A coating may be present, for example a primer layer can be applied directly to the substrate and /Or an external decorative layer can be applied over the coating of the invention. In the latter case , the external decorative layer by itself exhibits protective properties comparable to those of the coating according to the invention. However, the coating of the present invention as an underlying layer still provides good protection. Ru. If desired, an undercoat applied between the primer layer and the coating of the present invention. A coat is fine.

The following examples illustrate surface coating compositions of the present invention.

Plastokito 5C-60050,00 Cement 40.00 Titanium dioxide 4.70 Bentone 34 (settling prevention aid) 0.30 dryer: 896 Cobalt naphthenate 0.30 33% lead sitzcatol 0.50 Methyl ethyl ketoxime 0.10 (Anti-skinning aid) White Spirit 4.10 ioo, o.

Notes on ingredients 1) Blast Chito S C-600 (Croda Re5ins Ltd) is soybean Silicon-modified oil modified with oil and esterified with pentaerythryl Alkyl tophthalate 1 to resin.

ii) Henton 34 is available from 5teetley Co, Ltd. It is an anti-settling agent.

1ii) Lead sitzcatol was obtained from Akzo Chemie UK Ltd. I can do that.

Plastoki I'750W/65" 45.00 Cement t' 41.30 Black pigment 4.70 Hairdryer 896su'7 Thenic acid'1m+/<le l-0,253396 lead shisoka1-le o, 25 5% Calcium Sonocal 1--L 0.70 Methyl Ethyl Ke[Gisom 0.20 Plastogi t” 750 W/65 (Croda Re5ins Ltd) is a long oil chain modified with low phosphoric acid and esterified with pentaerythritol. It is an alkyd resin.

The cement used in the compositions of Examples 1 and 2 is, for example, black or or white Par t 1 and cement 1- or high alumina cement. .

Example 3 - Determination of water absorption by various coatings A) 200 microns each A series of different coatings according to the invention were applied to a thickness of 60 mesh nickel screen base. Apply on both sides of the body (25 x 2 cm’) and cover each sample with water. The absorbance was determined by weighing samples at regular intervals at 20°C and a relative humidity of 10096°C. Measurements were made over a period of 6 weeks. Each coating composition according to the invention space, i.e. 50% by weight of cement in the specific formulation as shown below. is.

weight% Plast 1" 750W/65 35.018% Cobalt Nanthenate 0.2 1 33% lead sitzcatol 0.22 5% Calcium Silk Toll ■, 4G Methyl Ethyl Ketoxime 0.15 Why I-Spirit 12.95 Cement 50.00 ioo, o.

In order to provide a basis for comparison, a sample containing no cement according to the invention 60m nickel with 200 micron coating of various compositions A similar test was conducted on a clean substrate (25 x 2 cm2).

The results are summarized in the table below.

Table 1 Water absorption rate Absorbed water (%) (g) 3.1 Varnish + Black Cement 1.90.0393.2 Varnish +, L Watt Cement 1.6 0.0313.3 Varnish + Lafarge Se Ment 1.3 0.0243.4 Varnish only 9.3 0.1+63.5 1 Nonis +30% TiO□7. IO, 1203, 6 white paint 7. 6 The water absorption rate and amount of the 0.130 comparison coating (3,4-3.6) The coating was increasing considerably over the area, or corresponds to the coating (3, 1 to 33) of the present invention. The numbers shown are not inherently lower, but show a significant drop after 20-30 days. You must state that you have done so. This low F is suitable for cement fillers and Impervious cement hydrate caused by interaction between initially absorbed moisture It is believed that this is due to formation.

B) Instead of applying the coated sample to a clean substrate, Pour onto polytent trays (58 cm2 and 09 cm2 respectively) and 100% relative As described in A, except that instead of being exposed to water vapor at humidity, it is immersed in water at 20°C. A series of experiments similar to those described above were carried out using the same coating composition.

The results regarding water absorption rate (96) and water absorption amount (g) after 6 weeks are summarized in the table below. promise

Water absorption rate Absorbed water (%) (g) 3.7 Varnish + Black Cement 3.5 0.0813.8 Varnish + Hon Wide Cement 2.6 0.0583.9 Varnish + Lafarge Set Ment 2.2 0.0473.10 Varnish only 15.8 0.2283. 11 Varnish +30% TiO215,90,3083,12 White paint +4.70.290 in the case of the coating according to the invention (3,7 to 3.9), 2 The same general decrease in water absorption rate and absorption amount after 0-30 days of immersion in water or observed as in the case of samples exposed to water vapor at a relative humidity of 1 O096. It was noticed. Therefore, whether the same protective mechanism (impermeable cement 1 to hydrate formation) or the observed It is believed that this is the cause of the tendency to Apply a 200 micron sample coating (13 mm diameter) of the composition onto a flat piece of glass. by pouring and then carefully removing the cast coating sample from the glass. The same composition as used in Example 3 was prepared. each Samples were exposed to 100% relative humidity at 20°C for different times up to 40 days. Atmospheric oxygen or film exposed and at the end of each sample exposure Tested to determine the time required for diffusion through the photocell . Standard for each case of time required to absorb 10 ppm of oxygen It was used as

The results are shown in the table below, which shows that for each sample, 10096 10 ppm oxygen after exposure of sample coatings for 40 days at relative humidity and 20°C. It shows the diffusion time when it gets stuck. The table also relates to each dry sample. Also shown is the standard diffusion time (up to 10 ppm) before exposure to water vapor.

Table 3 Diffusion time (min) Exposure 0 days 40 days 4.1 Varnish + Black Cement 37 55 + 4.2 Varnish → One Wight cement 38 574.3 Varnish + Lafarge cement 3 9 58.54.4 Varnish only 16.56.5 4.5 Varnish +30% TiO□ 32 164.6 White paint 27 ．． 5.12 Standard diffusion times for coatings according to the invention (4.1 to 4.3) or comparative coatings This means that the V dew of 4011 was much longer than that of the cover (4,4-4.6). I understood that. Additionally, the oxygen permeability of the comparative coatings (according to the swelling of the varnish haze) increased with exposure to water vapor (as a result of progressively increased porosity) or Note that that of the light coverage shows a significant decrease over 40 days. should be taken into consideration. Cement hydrates formed by absorbing water are oxygen It is believed that it tends to block the seepage pores.

Example 4.1 - Oxygen diffusion rate as a fraction of cement concentration in the coating composition The procedure of Example 4 was applied to a coating composition having essentially the same formulation as in that example. was repeated with varying cementitic content. As in Example 4, the mark The quasi-diffusion time (to IOppm of oxygen in the nitrogen chamber) was determined for each sample. exposed to water vapor for 40 days at 100% relative humidity and 20°C. Then, I measured it.

The results are shown in Figure 1. From the table, the standard oxygen diffusion time is 35-37.5% by weight. It is said that the cement content rose rapidly after 100%, and then fell again at about 50% by weight. It's obvious.

The symbols used in Figure 1 have the following meanings: ■＝varnish hace BC=Black Portland Cement WC=White-Portland Cement L a f = Lafarge high alumina cement Example 5 45 mg of the composition according to the invention (containing 50% cement in the crocodile space) Steel coupons (1 cm x 1.2 cm each, o, a The coating was applied to a thickness of mm). Before applying distillation, the steel must be santovaporized. The wood was washed with distilled water and dried. Place a layer of lacquer on the other side of each coupon. Protected with a coating.

The coated samples were immersed in a 3% NaCl solution for different times at room temperature.

Coated steel substrate and zinc as cathode to measure the degree of corrosion The short circuit current (so-called "corrosion" current) between the anodes was measured at intervals of 1 day. zinc The anode and steel cathode were coupled only when measuring short circuit current.

To provide a basis for comparison, the procedure of Example 5 was applied to a white gloss paint, varnish. and a coating consisting of a varnish and a composition containing high surface area silica. I went back.

The results are shown in the table below (Table 4). Black cement doha old UE C1rcl e　Portland cement, also known as white cement There was IJ. The varnish is from International Paint. There is. There was a UV resistant Yotsuto varnish. Each given short circuit current is It was the average of four samples.

As can be seen from Table 4, the steel protected by the cement-containing composition of the present invention Corrosion in case of solid samples; [little or no flow observed] Ta. Samples coated with gloss paint, varnish only, and varnish/silica mixture The ultimate drop in corrosion current in the case of most steels or corroded It should be noted that this was due to the following factors.

Table 4 Glossy coating 1 Short circuit current (μA) 120500250320ri0 1 piece 0 400 170 210 0 0140 10 130 190 0 0150 270 110 170 (I O160 220 100 14 0' 0170 210 80 120] 018k] 15K) 70100 Ko0 210 130 ko 0 60 - 0 2　0　90　こ　40　5　0 The test procedure described in Example 5 was applied to various coatings on steel substrates. However, for more rigorous testing, steel samples were L7 was connected to the zinc anode continuously during the test period without measuring the short circuit current. coating 5 Applied at a coating amount of 0 mg/cm2, the steel sample was coated on an area of approximately 4,000 hcm. It has a circular shape.

For the purposes of Example 6, a comparative experiment was carried out using uncoated steel samples and and gloss paint, varnish only, and varnish/warp force (30% wt. The experiments were carried out using samples coated with compositions containing sand and varnish/sand.

The results are shown in the table below (Table 5). Each given short circuit current is 4-) was the sample average. Significantly improved corrosion of cement-containing compositions of the invention Resistance quickly becomes apparent.

Example 7 Using a graphite anode instead of a zinc anode (to eliminate the formation of zinc hydroxide) Continuous application of a 6 holt battery across the electrodes to supply a corrosive system Corrosion tests on a series of coated steel samples are described in Example 6, except that It has been widely used as shown.

The coating composition may contain varying proportions of Poi 1-Portland cement or varnish. rejected. The results are shown in the table below (Table 6), which indicates that the short period between the electrodes after 94 hours Shows short circuit current.

The structure in the corrosion resistance obtained with a cement concentration of 37.5% by weight The increase is 60 times! 96 cement concentrations and corrosion resistance in order It is clear that there is a decrease in Each given description is a representation of three samples. It was average.

Table 6 Time ""1r) 0 20 38 94 Short circuit current (μA) Coating composition according to the invention (50% by weight of black Portland separator in varnish) ) on both sides of a series of steel substrates (each having an area of approximately 2 cm2) and accelerated weathering test on the coated substrate (coating amount: lOOmg/cm2) exposed to ultraviolet light in a container. The procedure is based on ASTM standards (50°C, 1100% 4 hours incubation at relative humidity, followed by 6 hours UV at the same temperature. It was based on a subsequent cycle consisting of irradiation. various periods After exposure to the coated substrate and graphite as anode in 3 wt% NaCl By applying a 9 volt battery (Leclanche battery) across the cathode , subjected to an accelerated short circuit test. Time required for short circuit current to reach ImA was used as the basis for comparison.

The results are shown in the table below (Table 7), which also includes varnish only and varnish-containing 3 Results are also shown for steel substrates coated with 0% silica.

Varnish Varnish Ju Norika Varnish + Cement (7:3) (1:1) Time to reach I mackerel (h'') The improvement rates corresponding to varnish/silica and varnish/sand are compared to varnish only and varnish/sand. They are shown in the table below (Table 8) for comparison.

Table 8 Varnish/Silica Varnish + Cement (7: 3) /r7=s (+ + 1) /r7 varnish improvement rate υV (# between 01.446.92 251.511 6+54 ↓:: 1+92 30.38 4°. 3. ’, 68°75 150.00 Cement/epoxy wood with varying proportions of white Portland cement Table 9 shows the results of an accelerated corrosion test on a mild steel substrate (4.2 cm2) coated with a fat composite material. To summarize.

The loading in each case is 50 mg/cm2 and the resin is l5opo n Fast Glass resin. Accelerated corrosion test is described in Example 7. I did what I was told.

Table 9 TimerWI(br) 11 20 47 Short circuit current (μA) 0 7.9 10 B2 ko0 7.5 108.9 450 35 2.1 50.1 180.8 55 0.4 0. F 7.4 60 0 0.1 2.8 The general trend is clear from Table 9.

Article 84-8 of the Patent Act to submit a copy and translation of the written amendment)

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. at least 37.5% by weight (based on the total weight of the composition) of an active filler; Contains cement, film-forming agents or binders and non-aqueous solvents or diluents as An anhydrous surface coating composition, the cement having a particle size greater than 200 microns. The weight percentage of cement or the total weight percentage of any other inorganic solids in the composition, regardless of whether A substrate characterized in that the composition is applied to the substrate without the addition of water. protection methods. 2. Fiber-reinforced plastic materials and (ignoring fiber reinforcement) at least Also 37.5% by weight of active filler, particle size greater than 200 microns Composite material containing no cement. 3. Claim 2, wherein the plastic material comprises a thermosetting plastic material. Composite materials in demand. 4. As claimed in claim 3, the thermosetting plastic material comprises an epoxy resin. composite material. 5. Claim 3, wherein the thermoset plastic material comprises an unsaturated polyester. Composite material claimed. 6. As claimed in claim 2, the plastic material is other than polyethylene. composite material. 7. In claim 2, the plastic material is other than polyolefin. composite material. 8. In claim 2, the plastic material is other than natural or synthetic rubber. Composite material claimed. 9. In any one of claims 2 to 8, the fiber reinforcement is made of glass fiber. Composite materials in demand. 10. The proportion of cement (ignoring fiber reinforcement) is Claimed in any one of claims 2 to 9 that is greater than the total proportion of solids composite material. 11. The particle size of the cement is 150 microns, preferably 100 microns, and In particular, in any one of claims 1 to 10 smaller than 50 microns. A composition or composite material claimed or defined as 12. particles of any inorganic solid other than cement (ignoring any fiber reinforcement) diameter of 150 microns, preferably 100 microns, more particularly 50 microns. Claimed or defined in any one of claims 1 to 11 smaller than Chron composition or composite material. 13. Proportion of cement vs. any other inorganic solids (ignoring any fiber reinforcement) in a ratio of at least 2:1, preferably at least 3:1, more particularly In any one of claims 1 to 12, the ratio is at least 4:1. or defined composition or composite material. 14. The weight percentage of inorganic solids other than cement (ignoring any fiber reinforcement) is 20%, preferably 15%, more particularly not exceeding 10%. A composition or composite material as claimed or defined in any one of 13. . 15. 70% by weight of cement filler (ignoring any fiber reinforcement) , preferably not exceeding 60% by weight, more particularly not exceeding 55% by weight. A composition or composite as claimed or defined in any one of ~14 fee. 16. The proportion of cement filler is preferably 42.5 to 75% by weight on a dry solids basis. preferably within the range of 45 to 65% by weight, and more particularly above 55% by weight. A composition as claimed or defined in any one of claims 1 to 14 object or composite material. 17. 20% by weight (ignoring any fiber reinforcement), preferably 10% by weight. Claims 1-1 containing one or more pigments or other colorants in a total proportion not exceeding A composition or composite material as claimed or defined in any one of 16 . 18. Claim 1 or any one of claims 11 to 17 A substrate to which a surface coating composition defined as defined above has been applied.