JPH0648557Y2 - Electronic stringed instrument - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic stringed instrument, and more particularly to a trigger type electronic stringed instrument.

[Conventional technology and its problems] With the recent rapid development of electronic technology and digital technology,
So-called electronic stringed instruments have been developed by applying these techniques to stringed instruments. This electronic string instrument can be roughly classified into an electronic plucked musical instrument represented by an electric guitar or a guitar synthesizer and an electronic plucked musical instrument represented by an electronic violin. A ring operation is performed to specify the pitch of a generated musical sound, while the other hand or a bow is operated to generate a musical sound having a specified pitch. For this reason, efforts to develop electronic stringed instruments have been devoted to how accurately and at high speed the fingering operation position is detected.

As a typical fingering operation position detection method,
(1) A so-called fret switch system (for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-175596, US Pat. No. 4,570,521), (2)
A so-called capacitance sensing method (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-1155
No. 96, (3) so-called pitch extraction method (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-58672), (4) so-called resistance fret voltage application / conductive string detection method (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-500748)
No.), (5) so-called ultrasonic transmission system (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-99790), (6) so-called string current supply / conductive fret piece detection system (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-501276).
No.), (7) so-called string electric pulse application / conductive fret detection system (for example, JP-A-62-174795), and (8) so-called string current supply / fret potential difference detection system (for example, JP-A-59-176783). No.), (9) so-called string current supply / induced voltage detection system (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-47698).
No.), (10) so-called resistor embedding method (for example, JP-A-55-70895), (11) so-called resistance source resistance value detection method (for example, JP-A-60-154297), or Proposed.

By the way, in the case of a traditional natural string instrument, there is a staccato playing method or a left-hand mute playing method. In this playing method, the player holds a string firmly on the fingerboard and operates the string to generate a predetermined musical sound, and while the musical sound is being generated, the string is played from the fingerboard. While touching, by releasing your finger, you can quickly mute the musical sound that is being generated, or while the musical sound is being generated, immediately after you release your finger from the fingerboard and strings,
This is a playing technique in which the musical tone being generated is rapidly silenced by touching the string again with the finger.

However, in the conventional electronic stringed instrument, the player's intention (fingering operation on the fingerboard)
Therefore, it was not possible to staccatoly mute the sound being generated in response to the start of string vibration.

[Objective of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to propose an electronic stringed instrument capable of performing the same playing style (staccato playing method or left-handed mu and playing method) in a traditional stringed instrument (particularly, a guitar-like stringed instrument). Specifically, in accordance with the player's intention (timing to release the finger from the fingerboard), in response to the start of string vibration, we propose an electronic string instrument that can stutter the generated musical sound in a staccato manner. It is in.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve such an object, the present invention generates a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to at least one fingering operation position detected by the position detecting means in accordance with an instruction of the indicating means. During this period, when the open string operation detecting means detects that the fingering operation state has changed to the open string operation state, in response to this, all the musical tones currently generated are silenced at the same time. The main point is that

[Advantage of the Invention] According to the present invention having such a configuration, in response to the start of the vibration of the string detected by the string vibration detecting means, at least one finger detected by the position detecting means according to the instruction of the instructing means. While a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the ring operation position is being generated, the open string operation detection means
When it is detected from the fingering operation state for at least one fingering operation position that all the fingering operation areas have transitioned to the open string operation state in which no fingering operation is performed, it is detected. In response to, all the musical tones currently being generated can be muted at the same time (see Fig. 10).

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<Musical Instrument Main Body> FIG. 1 shows the main body of the electronic stringed instrument according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the main body of the stringed instrument has a shape of a guitar composed of a body portion 1, a neck 2 and a head 3, and a plurality of strings 4 for playing the stringed instrument are stretched in the length direction thereof. Further, in the body 1, as the panel switch group PSW, various parameter switches 5a, 5b and 5c, a power switch PW, a mute reservation switch MSW and the like are arranged. Note that SP is a speaker for emitting the played musical sound.

Specifically, one end of the string 4 is adjustably supported by a peg 7 provided on the head 3, extends on the finger board 8, and is housed in a string trigger switch storage case 11 on the right side of the body part 1. The other end is fixed. The fingerboards 8 are provided with pitch-designing fret switch groups FSW in a matrix form. By pressing on the strings 4 between the frets 12, the corresponding fret switch FSW.
Is turned on. Details of the fret switch FSW will be described later.

On the other hand, the string trigger switch TSW is housed in the case 11, and the string trigger switch TSW is turned on by performing operations such as flipping the string 4 connected to the string trigger switch TSW and fluttering. Due to
Musical sounds are started to sound. Details of the string trigger switch TSW will be described later.

<Fret switch> Fig. 2 shows an example of the configuration of the fret switch FSW. As shown in the drawing, the printed circuit board 13 and the rubber sheet 14 are fitted and fixed in the recess 2a formed on the upper surface of the neck 2. The rubber sheet 14 is laminated and adhered on the printed circuit board 13, and both ends of the rubber sheet 14 are bent in a U shape so as to wrap the both ends of the printed circuit board 13 and fix the printed circuit board 13. At the position corresponding to each string 4 on the lower surface of the rubber sheet 14 joined to the upper surface of the printed circuit board 13, the neck 2
Six rows of contact recesses 15 are formed along the longitudinal direction of. An electrode 16 as a movable contact is patterned on the upper bottom surface of each contact recess 15, while an electrode 17 as a fixed contact is patterned on the printed circuit board 13 facing each electrode 16. The electrode 17 and the electrode 16 form a fret switch FSW for designating a predetermined pitch. Therefore, when the rubber sheet 14 that is the surface of the fingerboard 8 is pressed from above the strings 4, the
The fret switch FSW is turned on by the conductive contact of the fret switch 17.

<String trigger switch> Fig. 3 shows an example of the structure of the string trigger switch TSW. As mentioned above, the string trigger switch TSW is the string 4 on the body 1.
Is switched by. As shown in the figure, a switch mount 18 is provided on the body 1,
The switch mounting base 18 has a part where a part is formed high, and the support part 18a is formed on the upper part of the part where the part is formed high.
Is provided. The supporting portion 18a is formed with a number of groove portions 18b corresponding to the number of the strings 4 used. This groove 18b
A contact plate 19 made of metal is attached to the rear edge side of the supporting portion 18a provided with, and an insertion hole 19a is provided at a position of the contact plate 19 corresponding to each string 4. In this insertion hole 19a,
A conductive member 20 integrally attached to each string 4 is attached. The conductive member 20 is a metal rod-shaped member having a predetermined length, and has a locking hole 20a for locking the string 4 at the tip, and the string 4 is inserted through the locking hole 20a. It is locked. A first retaining ring 20b is provided behind the locking hole 20a, and a second retaining ring 20b is provided with a predetermined length from the first retaining ring 20b.
0c is provided. The first retaining ring 20b and the second retaining ring 2
0c is for preventing the pair of insulating members 21, 21 attached to the conductive member 20 at a predetermined distance from each other from moving in the longitudinal direction of the conductive member 20. Is. A step portion is provided in each of the insulative members 21 and 21, and a spring coil 22 as a conductive flexible member is bridged over the step portion. A support shaft 20d formed in a single step is provided behind the second retaining ring 20c of the conductive member 20, and the rear end of the support shaft 20d is provided in the groove portion 18b of the support portion 18a and the contact plate 19. Insertion hole
It is inserted through the inside of 19a, and the rear end is slidably locked around the insertion hole 19a of the contact plate 19 by a stopper 23 having a hemispherical tip. Therefore, the rear end of the conductive member 20 is swingably locked by the support shaft 20d, and the other free end is supported so as to be stretched on the string 4 in a tensioned state. The contact plate 1 corresponding to each of the insertion holes 19a
The protruding piece 19b formed on the upper end of 9 is inserted and fixed to a predetermined portion of the printed circuit board 24 provided on the support portion 18a, and is connected to the wiring pattern provided on the printed circuit board 24 via the solder 19c. There is. Further, a coil spring 22 attached to the conductive member 20 via an insulating member 21.
The lead wire 22a led out from one end of is also connected to another wiring pattern of the printed board 24 via solder 22b.

The trigger switch TSW shown in the above-mentioned figure is composed of the conductive member 20.
Is a first contact and the coil spring 22 is a second contact. In steady state, the above coil spring
A gap corresponding to the thickness of the insulating member 20 is maintained between the conductive member 20 and the conductive member 20, and the two have an insulating relationship. However, when the string 4 is operated and a certain amount of vibration is generated, the coil spring 22 shakes with this vibration, and as a result,
The distance between the conductive member 20 and the coil spring 22 also changes with time, and the contact and non-contact are repeated. That is, the trigger switch TSW is turned on and off. As will be described later, in this embodiment, the first change of the trigger switch TSW to the ON state (start of vibration of the string 4) is surely detected.

<Overall Circuit Configuration> FIG. 4 shows the overall circuit configuration of the electronic stringed instrument according to this embodiment. A microcomputer 30 controls the entire musical instrument. The output from the string trigger switch group TSW described above is input to the latch circuit 40, and the microcomputer 30
Detects the trigger of the string 4 through the latch circuit 40. The state of each switch of the fret switch group FSW and the state of each switch of the panel switch group PSW (including the mute reservation switch MSW shown in FIG. 2) are sent to the microcomputer 30 via the switch status detection circuit 50. Reportedly. The tone generation circuit 60 generates a tone signal under the control of the microcomputer 30. The generated tone signal is amplified by the amplifier 70 and is emitted to the outside through the speaker SP.

<General Flow of Microcomputer> FIG. 5 shows a general flow of the microcomputer 30 (FIG. 4). When the power is turned on, the microcomputer 30 first performs an initialization process G1. After the initialization is completed, the processing from G2 to G8 is repeated. In the string trigger detection process G2, the output of the latch circuit 40 of FIG. 4 is fetched, the presence or absence of a trigger for each string 4 is determined, and when a trigger (start of string vibration) is detected, a tone generation circuit
Controls 60 to generate a musical sound. Fret state detection processing
In G3, the status of each switch of the fret switch group FSW is read via the switch status detection circuit 50. Then, the fret state change determination process G4 determines a change in the fret state (change in pitch designation), and if there is a change, the fret state change process G5 is executed. In this processing G5, when the pressing position of the fret belonging to the string being sounded changes, the pitch of the string is reset to the corresponding pitch (the tone generator module in the tone generation circuit 60 that is sounding that string Against). Mute is performed when any fret switch FSW belonging to the string being sounded changes to a state where the fret switch FSW is separated, that is, an open string. Further, nothing is done with respect to the change in the fret pressing state which belongs to a string which is not currently sounded. Furthermore, when all the strings are in the open state, the musical tones of all the strings being sounded are muted all at once. Next, in the panel switch state detection processing G6, the panel switch group PS
The switch status detection circuit 50 indicates the status of each W switch.
Read through. Then, in the panel switch state change process G7, the state change of the panel switch is determined, and if there is a change, the necessary process in the panel switch state change process G8, for example, a tone color for the tone generation circuit 60, an effect, etc. Perform the setting process.

No interrupt routine is shown in the illustrated general flow. As an interrupt routine, the latch circuit 40 (Fig. 4)
There is a routine for resetting, a routine for mute processing related to mute reservation, and the like.

<Characteristics of Embodiment> Before going into each detailed description, some characteristics of the present embodiment will be briefly described.

Examples of characteristic functions are: (a) Muting function for each string when the fret operating position of the string changes to the open string state during sounding of the string. (B) Opening the fret operating position of any one or more strings. If all strings become open strings as a result of the status change, all strings mute function to mute the tones of all strings being sounded (c) Mute reservation function by mute reservation switch (mute is reserved If a certain time has elapsed after the start of sounding by the string trigger, the sound of that string can be muted at a high speed by using this as a signal.

Among the features described above, the all-string mute function makes it possible to mute the musical tones of all the strings all at once by only fingering the left finger. For example, when playing a chord, etc., when the performer holds a particular string at a certain fret position only with his left finger, for example, the middle finger, and if all or more strings are picked in that state, all strings except the middle finger are holding. The string starts playing at the pitch of the open string, and the held string starts playing at the pitch corresponding to the position of the fret. Under such a condition, if the middle finger is also released from the fret, all the strings will be in the open state with this fret opening (any fret of any string will be in an open state). When this full string is open, all fret switch groups FSW are in the off state. When this all-string open state is notified, the microcomputer 30 accepts this as a all-string mute request, and mute-controls all the musical tones that are being sounded. As a result, all the sound sources prepared for the strings (sound sources being sounded) enter the release mode all at once, and the musical tone signal is attenuated. In the case of this example, the time from the transition to the open state of all strings by fingering of the player's left finger to the start of muting all the musical tones inside the instrument is negligible, and the response is extremely good. Simultaneous muting is performed.

Such a function enables a crisp performance like a staccato. Furthermore, since this function is activated only by the easy fingering of the left finger on the fingerboard, the playing operation is very easy, and even beginners have no problem at all. In addition, the degree of simulation for playing techniques such as an acoustic guitar is high.

In contrast to the all-string mute function, the mute function for each string muffles each string. That is, when a certain string is picked up with the left finger at the fret position, the string is picked, and a musical sound for the string starts to play at the pitch corresponding to the fret position. Here, when the finger held down is released, all the fret positions associated with the string are released, and the string is in the open string state. In response to this signal, the microcomputer 30 searches for a sound source generating the musical sound of the string and instructs the sound source to mute. As a result,
The sound source enters the release mode and attenuates the generated musical tone signal.

The mute reservation function listed in (f) above
If you make a mute reservation by operating the mute reservation switch MSW provided on the main body of the musical instrument, and after a certain time has elapsed after the start of the sound generation by picking the strings (counter or timer means). The time is measured by), and the sound of the string is muted at high speed. In response to the string vibration start signal from the string trigger switch TSW, the microcomputer 30 sounds a musical sound for the string and activates the timer means to measure the elapse of a predetermined time. If the mute is reserved, the sound source of the string is instructed to mute at high speed when the timer means times out. As a result, the sound source enters the high-speed release mode, and the generated musical tone signal is attenuated at high speed. With such a configuration, it is possible to very easily obtain the acoustic performance effect similar to the acoustic guitar and the muting effect.

Trigger Detection Process (FIG. 6) FIG. 6 is a detailed flowchart of the trigger detection process G2 (FIG. 5). First, in process P1, microcomputer
Latch circuit outputs TRO1 to TRO6 to 30 accumulators ACC
Is read. Here, TRO1 to TRO6 are status signals for the first string, the second string, ..., The sixth string, respectively.
TROi is set to logic "1" by the first ON change of the trigger switch TSW of the i-th string (a signal indicating the start of string vibration). As a result, the accumulator
Sample values of TRO1 to TRO6 are set in the ACC from the least significant bit, and the upper 2 bits are uneasy. The ACC, B-RG, C-RG and A-RG registers are all 8 bits. In the next process P2, the illustrated process is executed. Here, EXOR indicates an exclusive OR operation, and AND indicates an AND operation. RIBIT is a register that stores each sample value of the previous latch output in each position from the least significant bit to the sixth bit. As a result of this process P2, the sample value of the current latch output is saved in the register A-RG, and the previous sample value of the latch output is "L" in the first to sixth bits of the register C-RG. "The sample value of the latch output this time is" H ", that is, only the string trigger switch TSW that has changed to the ON state for the first time is set to" H "or" 1 ", and the others are" L ". "That is set to" 0 ". As the string number, 1 indicating the first string is a register B-RG.
Is set to.

The loop from processing P3 to processing P9 is where the trigger-on processing is performed from the value of each bit of the register C-RG. In the process P3, the register C-RG is shifted rightward (from the upper bit to the lower bit) by 1 bit, the most significant bit MSB of the register C-RG is set to "0", and the least significant bit LSB is set to CARRY. set. In the next determination process P4, the value of CARRY is determined. It is assumed that CARRY = 1 is obtained by this determination. This means that one of the strings has been triggered (specifically, the fact that the string trigger switch TSW of a certain string has changed to the ON state for the first time is detected through the latch circuit 40), and which string is being detected. Is given by the string number register B-RG. So CARR
If Y = 1, proceed to process P5, where register B-RG
A predetermined value (time data until latch reset) is set in the reset counter RSTCT corresponding to the value of. Then, in the next process P6, the fret state detection process G3 of FIG.
The fret position data of the string number indicated by the value of the register B-RG is loaded into the register P-RG from the fret position data for each string saved by. Subsequently, in a process P7, a sound source is assigned to the tone generating circuit 60 (FIG. 4) and a tone generation process is executed.

After the process P7, or when CARRY = 0 in the discrimination process P4, the process proceeds to the process P8, in which the register B-RG is incremented by 1 and the string number is incremented by 1, and in the next discrimination process P9, the register B- Whether the value of RG is 6 or less is checked. If it is 6 or less, the loop from the process P3 is repeated.

When the loop processing is completed for all strings, the process proceeds to P10, and the latch output sampled this time, which is the contents of the register A-RG, is saved in the register RTBIT.

At the processing P5 of the above-mentioned trigger detection flow, the time information until the latch is reset is set in the reset counter RSTCT of the string having the trigger. In connection with this, the microcomputer 40 performs a process of resetting the latch after a predetermined time from the trigger by subtracting the content of the reset counter in a routine in which an interrupt occurs at a predetermined interval time.

Assignment / Sound Generation Process (FIGS. 7 and 8) Next, the details of the assignment and sound generation process P7 in the flow of FIG. 6 will be described.

In this assignment / pronunciation process, the microcomputer 30 (Fig. 4) starts the pronunciation of the musical tone of the triggered string. At the same time, this process also performs the rhyme function of the musical tone when the same string is played continuously. Has been realized through.

Before proceeding to the detailed flow of the assignment / sound generation processing (FIG. 8), some of the registers used in this flow will be described.

First, the control register of each tone generator module of the tone generation circuit 60 (FIG. 4) (here, the tone generation circuit 60 is composed of eight tone generator modules) is as shown in FIG. There is. In the figure, MODULE1 to MOD
The eight register groups of ULE8 correspond to No.1 to No.8 of each tone generator module of the tone generation circuit 60 respectively.
It is composed of a register a, a register b, and a counter c. A value corresponding to the number of the string being sounded is written in the register a. However, when the value is zero, it indicates that the corresponding sound source module is not sounded. The pitch data being sounded is written in the register b. The counter c is an element related to the mute reservation function in this embodiment, is used to measure the time until the execution of mute (fast mute), and is set to a predetermined value when the sound source is sounded. It LASTMD is a sound source module allocation register, and its operation will be described later.

D-RG shown in FIG. 8 is a register in which a value corresponding to the sound source module number is entered, and E-RG is a register for counting loops.

The flow of the assigning / sounding process (FIG. 8) will be described below.

The first half of this flow (R1 to R7) searches the tone generator module of the tone generation circuit 60 for a module that is already sounding the string that was triggered this time. The second half of this flow (R8 to R18) is where the module is muted, and the sound source module (empty sound source module) for pronouncing the musical sound of the string that was triggered this time is searched for, and that sound source module is searched. Is the part that starts the pronunciation of a musical sound.

First, in the first processing R1, the sound source module number register D-
Write 1 to RG. That is, the sound source module No. 1 is specified. In the process R2, the string designation register a among the tone generator module control registers corresponding to the value of D-RG
Load the contents of. That is, the string number that the designated sound source module is producing is read.
Then, this time, the value of the register B-RG indicating the number of the triggered string and the string number of the sound source module are compared in the discrimination processing R3. If they are not equal by comparison, the sound source module of interest does not sound the string that was triggered this time. That is, it is either producing a tone of another string or is empty. At this time, in process R4, D-RG
1 is added to the value of, that is, the sound source module of the next number is designated, and whether or not the value of D-RG is 9 or more is determined by the determination R5
If it is 8 or less, the loop from the process R2 is repeated.

In the determination R3, B-RG may be the string No. (value of register a). This indicates that the sound source module of interest is already producing the string that was triggered this time. Therefore, in the next process R6, the sound source module is muted, and zero is added to the register a of the control register for the sound source module, so that the sound source module becomes empty (not sounding). I remember. Then, in the next process R7, register
The value of the register D-RG, that is, the sound source module number that has been muted is written in LASTMD. The register LASTMD is a register that controls assignment of pronunciations of sound source modules.
This is used to start the search for the pronunciation assignment from the sound source module next to the sound source module No. that was assigned the last pronunciation (see processing R16, R17) or the sound source module No. that was muted just before). To be

In the first process R8 in the latter half of the flow, the sound source number register D-
Enter the value of LASTMD in RG and set 1 in the loop count register E-RG
Write. The first processing R9 of the loop (processing R9 to R15),
In the judgment R10 and the processing R11, the number of the next sound source module to be inspected is calculated, and it is written in the sound source number register D-RG. At R12, the content of the register a of the control register of the sound source module is loaded, and at the judgment R13. It is determined whether or not the a register is zero, that is, whether or not the sound source module related to the inspection is producing sound (in use). If the sound is being generated, the loop number register E-RG is advanced by 1 in the process R14, and it is determined whether the value of the E-RG is 8 or less in the determination R15, and the loop from the process R9 is repeated while the value is 8 or less. The value of E-RG is 9 in this determination R15.
In the above case, it means that all 8 sound source modules are sounding, and this is not logically happening. Since the memory is corrupted by some external factor, an appropriate error is generated in process R18. Perform processing.

On the other hand, in the discrimination R13 on the loop, when it is determined that the sound source module related to the inspection is not producing sound, the process R1
6 is branched, and the sound source module (module corresponding to the value of D-RG) is instructed to start the generation of a musical sound according to the pitch data of the string triggered this time, which is determined from the registers P-RG and B-RG. At the same time, the value of B-RG, that is, the string number triggered this time is written to the register a of the control register of the sound source module, and the pitch data calculated from P-RG and B-RG is written to the register b, A predetermined value (sound generation time data) is written in the counter c.
Finally, in process R17, the value of D-RG, that is, the number of the sound source module that has been turned on is written in the register LASTMD.

Fret state change processing (FIGS. 9, 10, and 11) Registers f _{1 to} f ₆ shown in FIG. 9 are registers used for the processing related to the fret, and are from the first string to the sixth string. 6 strings are prepared for the strings. Each register f _i has an 8-bit structure, and the lower 7 bits indicate fret position information (fret number) of the corresponding string. However, when all are "0", it indicates an open string state. The most significant bit (MSB) indicates whether or not the fret state has changed, and a logical "1" indicates a change.

The microcomputer 30 in the G3 General Flow (FIG. 5) sets these registers f ₁ ~f _6, at the G4, check the MSB of each register f ₁ ~f _6, even one "1" If it is standing, it means that the state has changed, so the process proceeds to the G5 fret state change process.

Through this fret state change processing, the microcomputer 30 realizes functions such as the above-described all-string mute function and string-specific mute function.

Details of the fret state change processing are shown in FIG.

In its first step U1, the microcomputer 30
By referring to the lower 7 bits of the registers f _{1 to} f ₆ , it is determined whether or not all the frets are separated. Full string open when the lower 7 bits are all zero for all f _{1 to} f ₆ . Speaking systematically, it is the following cases that the determination U1 is to open all strings. That is, from the 1st string to the 6th string
This is the case where, among the strings, 1 to 5 strings are held at arbitrary fret positions and then released. At that time, some strings (and to be precise the internal sound sources assigned to them) may or may not be sounding. Which string is being sounded can be checked in the same manner as described in the assigning / sounding process described above. In short, it suffices to refer to the register a indicating the usage state of each sound source module illustrated in FIG. 7, and if the value is not zero, the string is “sounding”. The all tone mute processing U2 performed when all strings are opened is basically performed in the manner just described. The mute command is issued to all the sound source modules that are "sounding". Then, the registers a are all reset to zero indicating "empty" (although the mute command may be issued to all the sound source modules without needing to refer to the register a. Only). In any case, in response to the all sound source mute command, the sound source that is producing sound enters the release mode, and the generated tone signal is attenuated. As a result, the sound is perceived as simultaneous muffling.

If any of the frets is pressed, 1 is written in the string number register B-RG in processing U3, and the loop processing of U4 to U8 is repeatedly executed.

At the first discrimination U4 of the loop processing, it is discriminated whether or not there is a fret change. This can be done by loading the register f _B-RG indicated by the string number designation register B-RG and examining its MSB. If there is a change, the fret number data in the lower 7 bits of f _B-RG loaded in process U5 is written to the pitch designation register P-RG, and in process U6 B-RG and P
-Use the value of RG to perform frequency change processing (Fig. 11, details will be described later). If there is no fret change in the determination U4 or after the frequency changing process U6, the string number designation register B-RG is incremented by 1 and the string number is incremented by 1 in the process U7.
Then, in the determination U8, it is determined whether the value of B-RG is 6 or less,
During 6 or less, the loop from the discrimination U4 is repeated.

When the processing for changing the frets for all strings is completed, the value of B-RG becomes 7 in discrimination U8, and the flow of the processing for changing the fret state is exited.

FIG. 11 is a detailed flow of the frequency changing process described above. At the time of entering this flow, the changed pitch fret position data is stored in the pitch designation register P-RG, and the string number designation register B-RG is a value indicating which string the fret has changed. (String number) is included.

First, in step V1, the tone generator module number register D-RG is initialized to 1. In the process V2, the register a of the sound source module control register (FIG. 7) indicated by the register D-RG is loaded, and in the judgment V3, the value of the loaded register a and the register B are loaded.
− Determine whether the value of RG is equal. In other words, it is checking whether or not the string whose fret position has changed is sounding. Here, if they do not match, the value of D-RG is incremented by 1 in process V9, and the number of the sound source module to be inspected is incremented by 1. Then, in determination V10, it is determined whether the value of D-RG is 8 or less. In the following cases, repeat the loop from processing V2, and
When it becomes, it ends.

It is in the following cases that the processing is completed when D-RG becomes 9 in the discrimination V10. That is, when there is a change in the fret of the silenced string. In the case of such a fret changing operation, it is considered invalid, and no musical sound processing is performed.

On the other hand, when there is a change in the fret of the string being sounded, there is a sound source module that is sounding that string, and this is stored in the register a of the corresponding sound source module control register. Therefore, when D-RG indicates a certain sound source module number, a register = B-RG is established at the determination V3.

In this way, if it is determined in discrimination V3 that the string whose fret position has changed is sounding, in discrimination V4 that follows,
By discriminating the value of the pitch designation register C-RG (fret state register), it is discriminated whether or not the fret change is a change to an open string. Here, if it is not a change to an open string (in the case of fret replacement), the process proceeds to step V5, where the data indicating the fret position of the lower 7 bits of P-RG and the string number that is the value of B-RG. Frequency data (pitch) data is calculated from the data of and, and is written to the b register, and in the frequency change execution process of process V6, the tone frequency of the tone generator module corresponding to the value of D-RG is changed based on the value of the b register To do. As a result, only the frequency of the musical sound changes while maintaining the smoothness without attack.

On the other hand, when it is determined in the discrimination V4 that the fret state has changed to the open string state (when the lower 7 bits of P-RG are all zero), the process proceeds to V7, where the a register is reset to zero. Then, in process 8, the musical sound of the sound source module corresponding to the value of D-RG is muted. This muffling is muffling performed "by each string". In other words, when the fret state for a particular string changes to an open string, the tone generator for the string is assigned by the assigning pronunciation process, provided that the tone of that string is being sounded. As a condition that pronunciation is started,
It is a muffling command issued to the sound source (a sound source dynamically corresponding to each string). In this way, the musical sound is muted for each string.

Mute Reservation Function (FIG. 12) As described above, the electronic stringed instrument of this example is provided with the mute reservation switch MSW on its body. This mute reservation switch allows the performer to perform anytime during the performance.
You can make a mute reservation by operating the MSW. The change of the mute reservation switch MSW is detected in G7 of the general flow (Fig. 5), and the mute flag is set to a value indicating "muting effect ON" in G8.

Further, as described above, when the string is triggered, it is detected by the microcomputer 30 (FIG. 4), and in the assigning / sounding process flow of FIG. A vacant sound source module is found from the sound source modules of FIG. 4), and the on processing R16 is performed for the sound source module. Then, in the on-processing R16, the tone generation time data is written in the counter c (FIG. 7) of the control register of the tone generator module.

The microcomputer 30 interrupts the sounding time data set in the counter c in this manner at predetermined time intervals, and executes the routine in an interrupt routine (muting process flow shown in FIG. 12). Subtracting is performed, and when the counter c underflows, the corresponding sound source module is muted.

Referring to FIG. 12, first, in the process T1, the registers and the like are saved as in the normal interrupt routine. Initialize register E-RG indicating the sound source module number to 1 in processing T2,
After that, the loops T3 to T11 are executed.

In the first processing T3 of the loop, the contents of the register a of the sound source module to be inspected (when a = 0, it is not in use, and when a ≠ 0, the a-th string is sounding)
To load. Then, in the determination T4, it is determined whether or not a ≠ 0, that is, whether or not the sound source module is producing a sound.
Is subtracted, and when a borrow comes out from the counter in the determination T6, it is determined in the determination T7 whether the muting effect is ON, that is, whether the mute reservation is made by the mute reservation switch MSW. When the mute is reserved, the sound source module is muted at high speed in process T8, and the register a is set to zero to store that the sound source module is no longer being sounded. Process T8
After, or when the above determinations T4, T6, T7 are not established, the process proceeds to processing T9, the sound source module number register E-RG is incremented by 1, and it is determined at determination T10 whether the value of E-RG is 8 or less. , 8 or less, the loop from the processing T3 is repeated.

After the loop processing is completed, the registers and the like are restored as in the case of the completion of the normal interrupt processing (processing T11).

Therefore, when the mute is reserved, the musical tone is quickly muted when the time measured by the pronunciation time counter elapses after the musical tone is picked up by the string 4 is picked up. The same effect as the muting effect in can be obtained.

<Modifications> The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications, changes and improvements are possible.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the all-string mute function responds to the event of all-string opening by "immediately" and "simultaneously",
All sound sources that are sounding are muted "as well". “Similarly” means that the muffling time (release time) is the same.

Instead of “like”, the sound may be muted at “different release time”. For example, in order to give different release times to the strings, the low-pitched strings are muted for a longer time than the high-pitched strings. This can be realized, for example, by switching and selecting the release part of the envelope with the variable of the string number indicated by B-RG.

Instead of “all at once”, “different timing” may be used.

Instead of "immediately", the sound may be muted "with a delay". That is, after the event of opening all strings,
Mute all strings after a delay. Further, this delay time can be made user programmable.
The delay time can be measured by the counter means or the timer means. However, when responding to "immediately", there is an advantage that the player feels that the operation is realistic and that the staccato playing method can be easily performed.

Moreover, the all-string mute function may not be applied to a special string. For example, in an application in which a certain string is used as a pedal line, the string for this pedal line is not applicable to the mute function for all strings. Even in this case, the meaning of all-string muffling holds. That is, the mute function for all strings is a function that acts on all of a plurality of strings (not all strings used in electronic stringed instruments), and all of these strings are in the so-called open string state. Then, for all of the strings that are sounding (for this), with this event as a prerequisite,
It is a function to mute.

[Effect of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the string vibration detecting means (in the present embodiment, the string trigger switch group TS.
In response to the start of vibration of the string detected by W, the latch circuit 40, and the microcomputer 30), at least one finger detected by the position detecting means in accordance with the instruction of the indicating means (in this embodiment, the microcomputer 30). While a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the ring operation position is being generated, the open string operation detection means (in this embodiment, the microcomputer 30) changes the fingering operation state from the fingering operation state to all the fingering operation areas. When it is detected that any of the fingering operation positions has moved to the open string operation state in which the fingering operation is not performed, in response thereto, the control means (in this embodiment, the microcomputer 30) is currently generating. It is configured to mute all musical sounds at the same time.

Therefore, in response to the start of string vibration, all the musical tones currently being generated can be silenced at the same time only by shifting from the fingering operation state to the open string operation state while at least one musical tone is being generated. As a result, if the fingering operation is changed from a certain fingering operation position to the open string operation state immediately after the musical tone is generated, it is possible to perform the staccato playing method and the left-hand mute playing method in the case of the traditional natural string instrument. You can perform a crisp musical performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is an overall perspective view of an electronic stringed instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is taken along line III-III of FIG. Sectional view, FIG. 4 is an overall circuit configuration diagram of an embodiment, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a general flow of a microcomputer, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of trigger detection processing, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing registers related to sound sources. , FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the assigning sound generation process, FIG.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing registers related to frets, FIG. 10 is a flowchart of fret state changing processing, FIG. 11 is a flowchart of frequency changing processing, and FIG. 12 is a flowchart of muting processing. 1 ... Body, 4 ... Strings, 8 ... Fingerboard, 30 ...
… Microcomputer, TSW …… string trigger switch, FSW …… fret switch.

Claims (5)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A stringed instrument main body having a fingerboard on which fingering operation is performed, a plurality of strings stretched on the stringed instrument main body, and string vibration detection means for respectively detecting vibration start of the plurality of strings. For each of a plurality of rows of fingering operation regions on the fingerboard corresponding to the plurality of strings, which fingering operation position among the plurality of fingering operation positions to be fingered is operated. The position detection means for detecting, and the fingering operation state in which the fingering operation position is detected by the position detection means, the string vibration detection means starts the vibration of the string. Is detected, in response thereto, the fingering detected by the position detecting means is detected. Instructing means for instructing to generate a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the operation position of the finger, and from the fingering operation state with respect to the at least one fingering operation position, in any of the fingering operation regions An open string operation detection means for detecting a transition to an open string operation state in which the fingering operation position is not also fingering operated, and at least one fingering operation detected by the position detection means according to the instruction of the instruction means. While the musical tone having the pitch corresponding to the position is being generated, it is detected by the open string operation detecting means that the fingering operation state for the at least one fingering operation position is changed to the open string operation state. In response to this, all the musical tones currently occurring Electronic stringed instrument characterized in that it comprises a control means for controlling to mute, the. 2. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls so that all the musical tones currently being generated are silenced at the same time. 3. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls so that all the musical tones currently being generated are silenced at mutually different timings. 4. The position detecting means is embedded at each of a plurality of fingering operation positions to be fingered in a plurality of rows of fingering operation areas on the fingerboard corresponding to the plurality of strings. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the utility model registration comprises a plurality of fret switches. 5. The utility model registration wherein the string vibration detecting means comprises a string trigger switch that outputs a string vibration start instruction signal indicating the start of vibration of the string to the instructing means in response to the start of vibration of the string. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1.