JPH0648005Y2 - Dirt floor foundation structure - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a floor structure of a building, and more particularly to an earth floor foundation structure.

Technical background of the invention Especially in buildings in cold regions where cold protection measures are required,
Buildings having a floor structure called "soil floor" are widely used. As shown in FIG. 6, the conventional soil floor structure is that the cloth foundation 2 which is the foundation of the building is formed on the periphery of the building by placing concrete, and the foundation portion surrounded by the cloth foundation 2 is formed. Embankment 3 is applied, and quarts stone 4
The surface is tamped with etc. Further, a heat insulating material layer 6 is provided on the embankment 3 via a moisture proof layer 5, a concrete layer 7 is directly formed on the heat insulating material layer 6, and a floor base material 8 is provided on the concrete layer 7. According to such an earth floor structure, since the concrete layer 7 performs a heat storage action, warm air in the room is unlikely to escape from under the floor, and cold air outside the room is less likely to enter from under the floor.

On the other hand, the side wall 1 of the building adopting such an air circulation method
Then, an interior material layer 13 in which a plurality of heat insulating material layers 10 are provided inside the exterior material 9 and an interior base material 11 and an interior material 12 are bonded together
Is provided. In the air circulation method, a ventilation layer 14 is formed between the heat insulating material layer 10 and the interior material layer 13 in order to improve the air permeability in the building and prevent dew condensation.

Thus, in cold regions, etc., it is not preferable to provide a space under the floor for heating performance.Therefore, the above-mentioned floor floor structure is used. Conversely, since there is no space under the floor, air circulation is not possible. Even if a ventilation layer is formed on the side wall by adopting the method, there is a problem with the ventilation of the entire building.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate such inconvenience, and an object thereof is to provide an earth floor foundation structure which is excellent in air permeability, easy to construct, and rich in heat insulation. .

In order to achieve the above object, the earth floor foundation structure of the present invention is such that a foam resin mold having a flat portion at the upper end is densely laid on the upper surface of the foundation layer composed of embankment and split stone. A foundation structure for an earth floor having a frame structure formed by pouring concrete onto the frame structure, and the foam resin mold has a hollow portion at the bottom. A main body made of foamed resin having a substantially truncated pyramid shape is provided, and communicated with each side surface of the main body through a hollow portion formed in the lower portion of the main body below the upper end of the main body. In addition to having an opening, the edge of the opening has a flange whose end face is vertically raised so as to come into close contact with the flange of a mold that is arranged adjacent to each other. The brim portion of the frame is brought into contact with the brim portion of the adjacent formwork to be laid densely on the base layer. By means of the abutting flange portion, a recessed portion that is depressed below the flat portion at the upper end of the main body portion is formed by the abutted flange portion. It is characterized in that a convex rib portion is formed below and has a form corresponding to the concave portion formed by the mold and the collar portion.

In such an earth floor foundation structure, a foam resin mold should be laid after the foundation layer has been constructed, and the air passages should be formed on the earth floor simply by forming the surface layer on this mold. Since it is basically an earth floor foundation structure, it has excellent heat insulation properties, excellent air permeability, and extremely easy construction. Further, since the foam resin mold has excellent heat insulating properties, the earth floor substructure of the present invention exhibits excellent heat insulating properties even if a heat insulating material is not arranged in the foundation layer. In addition, since the ribs are formed under the surface layer made of concrete, the strength is significantly higher than that of the flat surface layer, and despite using foamed resin as the formwork, the floor floor of the present invention The basic structure has high strength.

Furthermore, it is provided with a body made of foamed resin that forms a substantially truncated pyramid shape,
By using a mold in which the above-mentioned opening is formed on each of the side surfaces of the main body, it is possible to further improve the air permeability and to reduce the weight, which makes the construction extremely easy. Moreover, since this formwork has a heat insulating property and the surface layer formed of concrete has a heat storage effect, the heat insulating effect of the floor surface is further improved, and the habitability is improved.

Detailed Description of the Invention Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part showing an earth floor foundation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a formwork of the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a III-III line in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the entire building to which the earth floor foundation structure of the embodiment is applied.

As shown in FIG. 1, the soil floor foundation structure of this embodiment has a cloth foundation 2 which is the foundation of the building and is surrounded by the cloth foundation 2 by placing concrete on the periphery of the building. The base layer 24 is formed on the base portion. The foundation layer 24 in the present embodiment is first applied with embankment 20, crushed the surface with split quarts 21, etc., and further, a moisture-proof layer 22 is formed on this embankment 20, and a concrete layer 23 is directly formed on this. It was done. As the moisture-proof material constituting the moisture-proof layer,
A sheet made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or the like can be used. Further, the concrete layer 23 is called so-called concrete, and is for leveling the surface of the foundation layer 24 evenly. Since the split quarts stone 21 is provided to strengthen the surface of the embankment 20, other means may be used.

The formwork 25 laid on the upper surface of the base layer 24, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, has a substantially pyramidal trapezoidal main body portion 25a and a space (hollow portion) formed inside the main body portion 25a. ) 25b and. The main body 25a having a substantially truncated pyramid shape has a flat upper surface 51a.
And four side walls 52 extending downward from the edge of the upper surface portion 51 so as to spread downward. The upper surface portion 51 and the side wall 52
Is formed of a foamed resin having a predetermined thickness, so that a hollow portion 25b is formed inside the main body portion 25a formed by the upper surface portion 51 and the four side walls 52.

An opening 29 is formed in each of the side walls 52,
The openings 29 communicate with each other through a hollow portion 25b formed inside the main body portion 25a. Side wall 52 of this formwork
Since it is formed with a wide hem, when this formwork is laid and concrete is poured from above, concrete enters between the V-shaped formwork and shields between the openings of adjacent formwork, It is not possible to create a space in the soil floor through which air can flow.

In the present invention, in order to form a space through which air can flow on the earth floor, a collar portion is formed at the edge of the opening 29 formed in the side wall 52 of the formwork 25.
Forming 28. The brim portion 28 is vertically raised so that the brim portion 28 can closely contact and come into contact with the brim portion 28 that is also provided at the edge of the opening portion 29 of the mold which is arranged adjacently. There is. The formwork 25 having such a configuration is used for the collar portion.
By laying a large number of 28 so as to come into close contact with the flange portions 28 of the adjacent formwork 25, through the space formed by the flange portion 28 with which the opening part 29 of the adjacent formwork is in contact, Communicate with each other. The opening 29 is a hollow portion of the form 25.
Since they are communicated in four directions via 25b, one space that is communicated as a whole, that is, the ventilation path 26 in the present embodiment is constituted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper end upper surface portion 53 of the collar portion 28 provided on the side wall 52 of the mold 25 is the upper surface portion 51 of the mold 25.
When a plurality of molds are arranged so that the collar 28 is in close contact with each other, the upper end upper surface 53 of the flange 28 is higher than the height level formed by the upper surface 51 of the mold 25. The height level formed by is lower.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3 which is a III-III cross section in FIG. 2, a flat upper end portion is formed by the upper surface portion 51 of the form 25, the upper portion of the side wall 52 and the upper end upper surface portion 53 of the collar portion 28 which is abutted. A recess depressed below (depressed from) 51 is formed.

After arranging a large number of molds 25 so as to form the recesses as described above, by placing concrete on the formwork 25, concrete enters the recesses to form rib portions 54, as shown in FIG. To be done. In the above description, the rib portion 54 having a shape corresponding to the concave portion formed by the collar portion 28 is used.
As described above, the concrete enters the part of the side wall 52 where the flange part 28 is not formed to form a part of the rib part. And since the tip of the concrete in this part reaches the foundation layer, this part will be directly supported on the foundation layer without going through the formwork of the surface layer made of concrete, and ribs corresponding to the form of the flange Not only the strength of the surface layer made of concrete is increased by the part, but also the strength is particularly increased because the surface layer is in contact with and supported by the direct foundation layer.

In this way, the rib portion is formed on the lower surface of the surface layer 27 made of concrete.
By forming 54, the strength of the surface layer 27 is remarkably improved, and after the concrete is hardened, only the surface layer has the strength required for the earth floor foundation, and the foam having a lower strength than the concrete surface layer. Even if the frame mold made of resin is below the surface layer, it hardly needs to support the surface layer, and rather, the frame becomes more effective as a heat insulating material.

The mold 25 according to the present embodiment is preferably formed of a foamed resin such as expanded polystyrene in consideration of the action of the foamed resin as the heat insulating material as described above, but is stronger than the foamed resin. It is also possible to use high-grade fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), fiber-reinforced ceramics (FRC), GRC, concrete, wood board, steel plate, etc. However, in the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use expanded polystyrene because it is lightweight, has excellent productivity and heat insulating properties, and is easy to install.

The formwork 25 of the present invention is not limited to being made of one kind of material, and a skin layer formed of various materials having waterproofness and moistureproofness may be used on the front surface or the back surface of the formwork 25, or both surfaces. It may be provided in. For example, a film of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or the like, or a sheet can be provided on the front and back surfaces of the mold 25 by a vacuum forming method. Further, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3, in order to improve the rigidity of the form 25, the reinforcing ribs 30
Etc. can also be formed. Further, the shape of the mold 25 is not limited to the truncated pyramid shape, but may be another shape.

As described above, after the formwork 25 is laid on the upper surface of the base layer 24, the surface layer 27 is formed by placing concrete or the like on the upper surface of the formwork 25. And this surface
The surface of 27 constitutes the floor surface of the room 31.

On the other hand, as described above, the ventilation passage 26 is formed by the internal space 25b of the mold body 25a. Further, depending on the use, it is possible to further provide a waterproof sheet or the like on the surface layer 27. Further, another floor material may be laid on the surface layer 27.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the end molds 33 located at the ends when the molds 25 are laid are the same as the adjacent molds 25.
Has an opening 33a corresponding to the opening 29 and further has another opening 33b at the other end so as to communicate with the ventilation layer 14 of the sidewall 1 described later.

In the side wall 1 of the building according to the present embodiment, a multi-layered heat insulating material layer 10 is provided inside the exterior material 9, and further an interior base material 11 and an interior material.
An interior material layer 13 is provided by laminating 12 and 12. And
A ventilation layer 14 is formed between the heat insulating material layer 10 and the interior material layer 13 in order to improve ventilation in the building and prevent dew condensation. In addition, the ventilation path 26 formed by the above-mentioned form 25
An underfloor ventilation port 34 is provided at a position communicating with the outdoor space and the underfloor air passage 26, and an underfloor opening / closing damper 35 is rotatably attached to the underfloor ventilation port 34. There is. The underfloor opening / closing damper 35 is preferably made of a plate-shaped heat insulating material, and has a heat transmission coefficient of k = 2.5 kca as a heat insulating property.
The airtightness is l / m ² h ° C or less, and the airtightness is 8 grade or less, preferably 2 grade or less described in the airtightness grade of the JIS A 1516 fittings airtightness test method. These performances are similar to those of a PVC frame sash (insulating sash) with double-layer glass used in cold regions, for example, Excel Wind (Kanebuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), and the ventilation port 34 is closed. In this situation, as with the heat insulation sash, the problem of heat insulation and airtightness is no longer a concern. Underfloor open / close damper with such performance
As the frame 35, it is possible to use a panel in which a frame and a frame are made of vinyl chloride, a heat insulating material is sandwiched in a main body portion, and an airtight material is used for an opening / closing portion. Further, in order to open / close the underfloor opening / closing damper 35 by remote control, a wire as an opening / closing driving means, a motor, or the like may be connected to the damper 35. Further, it is preferable that a net-like body 36 is stretched on the outdoor side of the underfloor ventilation port 34. This mesh
36 is for preventing insects and small animals from invading the ventilation passage under the floor, and a net body used for a screen door or the like can be used and is preferably removable.

Such an earth floor foundation structure according to this embodiment is preferable when applied to a building 37 that employs an air circulation method as shown in FIG. In this building 37, a room 38 is surrounded by the heat insulating material 10 of the side wall 1 described above, and a ventilation layer 14 formed between the heat insulating material 10 and the interior material layer 13 is provided under the floor with a ventilation path 26. To the attic space 41 and the sub-building space 39. Then, an underfloor ventilation port for appropriately connecting the underfloor ventilation port 40 and the attic space 41 to a part of the heat insulating material 10 under the ridge.
Ventilation port under the ridge that was established on the top of roof exterior material 42 by opening 40
I am trying to communicate with 43. Also, this ridge under the wake
On the 40, an under-building opening / closing damper 44 is rotatably attached. The underfloor opening / closing damper 44 is preferably formed of a panel having the same heat insulation and airtightness as the above-mentioned underfloor opening / closing damper 35.

Next, the operation will be described.

When constructing an earth floor foundation structure according to the present embodiment, after first constructing the foundation layer 24, a formwork 25 molded from a foamed resin such as expanded polystyrene having heat insulating properties is formed on the entire surface of the foundation layer 24. Lay. At this time, the collar portion 28 provided on the edge of the opening 29 of each mold 25 and the collar portion 28 provided on the edge of the opening 29 of the adjacent mold 25 are in contact with each other to form the respective molds. It is laid so that the internal space 25b communicates. Further, an end form 33 is provided at the end of the form 25, and the form 25, 33
Ventilation layer in which the ventilation path 26 constituted by
Try to communicate with 14. Then, these formwork 25,…
By pouring concrete on the surface to form the surface layer 27, the ventilation paths 26 communicating with each other by the internal space 25b of the mold 25 are formed on the floor surface.

As described above, the ventilation passage 26 can be formed by merely laying the heat insulating mold 25 on the upper surface of the foundation layer 24, and the ventilation passage 26 is formed on the side wall 1 of the building 37. As it communicates with layer 14, it has excellent breathability and
It is possible to provide an earth floor foundation structure that is extremely easy to construct. Moreover, since it is basically an earth floor basic structure and the formwork 25 has a heat insulating property, the heat insulating property of the floor surface of the room 38 is improved and the habitability is improved. That is, the surface layer formed of concrete also acts as a heat storage material, so by opening and closing the damper in consideration of the outside temperature,
A more comfortable living space can be formed.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiments, the ventilation path is formed by using the mold, but instead of such a mold, a pipe-shaped drainage frame material may be embedded in the surface layer. Further, the shape of the mold 25 is not limited to the above-mentioned example, and for example, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), the brim 28 of the opening 29 may have an arc shape,
As shown in FIG. 3B, the main body 25a may have a rectangular planar shape.

Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the ventilation passage is formed in the earth floor by only laying the formwork after constructing the foundation layer and forming the surface layer on the formwork. Therefore, since it is basically an interstitial floor foundation structure, it is possible to provide an interstitial floor foundation structure which is excellent in heat insulation, air permeability, and extremely easy to construct. Further, since the rib portion is formed on the lower surface of the surface layer, the strength of the surface layer itself is significantly increased.

Furthermore, it is provided with a body made of foamed resin that forms a substantially truncated pyramid shape,
By using a mold in which the above-mentioned opening is formed on each of the side surfaces of the main body, it is possible to further improve the air permeability and to reduce the weight, which makes the construction extremely easy. Moreover, since this formwork has heat insulation,
The heat insulation effect on the floor surface is further improved, and the heat retention in the room is improved. That is, since the surface layer formed of concrete also functions as a heat storage material, a more comfortable living space can be formed by opening and closing the damper in consideration of the outside air temperature.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part of an earth floor foundation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a formwork of the same embodiment,
3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the entire building to which the earth floor foundation structure of the same embodiment is applied, and FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B) are FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a formwork used in an earth floor foundation structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a conventional earth floor foundation structure. 24 ... Foundation layer, 25 ... Formwork 25b ... Space (hollow part), 26 ... Ventilation path 27 ... Surface layer, 29 ... Opening part 54 ... Rib part

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A frame structure formed by densely laying a foam resin mold having a flat portion at the upper end on the upper surface of a foundation layer made of embankment, crushed stone, etc., and on the frame structure. An earth floor basic structure having a surface layer formed by pouring concrete, wherein the foam resin mold comprises a foam resin main body having a substantially truncated pyramid shape having a hollow portion in a lower portion. , On each side surface of the main body portion, below the upper end portion of the main body portion, has an opening portion communicating with each other through a hollow portion formed in the lower portion of the main body portion, and at the edge of the opening portion, It has a flange with its end face vertically raised so that it comes into close contact with the flanges of the molds that are placed next to each other, and the flanges of the individual molds contact the flanges of the adjacent molds. By laying on the foundation layer in close contact with each other, the flat portion at the upper end of the main body portion by the abutted collar portion. A recessed part is formed at the bottom of the bottom, and a form corresponding to the recessed part formed by the abutting formwork and the flange part is formed on the lower surface of the surface layer by concrete cast from the laid formwork. An earth floor foundation structure characterized in that a convex rib portion is formed below.