JPH0647246A - Adsorption type air cleaning machine and adsorbent used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To well clean air contg. carbon monoxide by providing an adsorption filter having adsorbents designed to carry metals on carriers having micropores to a passage for treating the air to be cleaned. CONSTITUTION:This adsorption type air cleaning machine is constituted of a means which consists of a cleaning machine body 1 and a suction pipe 2, is provided with a case-shaped truck 1A having a wind path A for treating the air to be cleaned from a connecting port 1a to a discharge port 1b within this cleaning machine body 1 and cleans the air of a wind path A for treatment and a motor-driven fan 1B which sucks and discharges the air. This cleaning means consists of the primary filter F1 which is formed of metallic wires entangled like a scrubbing brush as filter media, the secondary filter F2 which consists of screens made of wire nets as filter media, the tertiary filter F3 for which bag filters made of glass wool are utilized and the quatenary filter F4 which has the adsorbents carrying one or plural metals selected from transition metals on adsorbents and carriers having micropores.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is contaminated by exhaust gas accompanying various processing operations represented by arc welding, gas welding, laser welding, gas cutting, laser cutting, plasma cutting, electron beam machining, electric discharge machining, and laser machining. Various workplaces, indoor parking lots / intersections contaminated by automobile exhaust gas,
A technology for purifying contaminated air by purifying various stores, supermarkets, department stores, etc. that are contaminated with exhaust gas of combustion appliances typified by oil stoves,
Specifically, an adsorption filter is provided in the air passage for treatment of the air to be purified introduced from the area to be purified so that it is in contact with the air to be purified, and nitrogen oxides or sulfur dioxide gas
The present invention relates to an adsorption-type air cleaner configured to adsorb and remove ammonia gas, odorous components, and the like, and an adsorbent used therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, as an air cleaner installed in various workplaces, an air cleaner for the entire work area is a purification target area, and an air cleaner for a local location in the work area where exhaust gas is generated is a purification target area. There are some. As an air purifier used in various places as described above, conventionally, an adsorption filter provided with an adsorbent such as activated carbon, activated alumina, or zeolite is known.

[0003]

However, according to the above conventional technique, the ammonia gas, the sulfurous acid gas, and the odorous component can be adsorbed and removed by the adsorption filter. However, when the above-mentioned various workplaces are targeted for purification, the nitrogen oxides that accompany arc welding, gas welding, laser welding, gas cutting, laser cutting, plasma cutting, electron beam machining, electrical discharge machining, laser machining, etc. The thing could not be removed. That is, adsorbents such as activated carbon, activated alumina, and zeolite have some adsorption capacity for nitrogen dioxide (NO ₂ ) among nitrogen oxides, but almost no adsorption capacity for nitric oxide (NO). And most of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas generated by the above-mentioned operations are nitric oxide, such as 80 to 95% of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas accompanying arc welding or plasma cutting. In addition, since the exhaust gas contains a large amount of nitric oxide such as 5 to 60 ppm of nitric oxide, it is not possible to adsorb and remove all of the nitric oxide, and therefore air purification is not possible. I couldn't do enough.
In short, heretofore, there has been no technique or apparatus for removing nitrogen oxides. An object of the present invention is an adsorption type air purifier capable of satisfactorily purifying air containing nitric oxide,
And to provide a suitable adsorbent for its use.

[0004]

The adsorption type air purifier according to the present invention is characterized in that an adsorption filter provided with an adsorbent having a structure in which a metal having micropores is supported is provided. It is in. The feature of the first adsorbent for an adsorption air purifier according to the present invention is that activated carbon having micropores is loaded with one or more selected from transition metals. A feature of the second adsorbent for an adsorption air purifier according to the present invention is that one or more selected from transition metals are supported on zeolite having micropores. The third characteristic of the adsorbent for an adsorption air purifier according to the present invention is that one or more selected from transition metals are carried on an inorganic carrier having micropores. The transition metal is copper yamanganese or the like. More specifically, an element having an d-orbital in which the electronic arrangement of atoms is incomplete or an element that produces a cation having an incomplete d-orbital is an element other than a typical element, and specifically, It is a 1st to 4th transition element. The first transition element is scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium,
Manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, the second transition element is yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, and the third transition element is a lanthanoid such as lanthanum, The fourth transition element is an actinide such as actium. The inorganic carrier is alumina / silica /
Silica-alumina, titanium oxide, magnesia, etc.,
It is preferable that the surface area is as large as possible.

[0005]

[Function] An adsorbent having a structure in which a metal is supported on a carrier having micropores such as activated carbon or zeolite causes a chemisorption-type micropore filling phenomenon even for nitric oxide, and simply has micropores. Compared to conventional activated carbon, activated alumina, zeolite, etc., its adsorption capacity for nitric oxide is significantly superior. Therefore, according to the adsorption type air cleaner of the present invention described above, since it is provided with the adsorption filter provided with the adsorbent excellent in the adsorption ability for such nitric oxide, it is possible to sufficiently adsorb and remove nitric oxide. it can. First to third
According to the adsorbent for the adsorption-type air purifier, it is possible to obtain the NO adsorption capacity which is 60 times or more that of activated carbon. By the way, first,
The adsorption capacity of the second adsorption-type air cleaner adsorbent is NO in FIG.
As shown in the adsorption isotherm. Needless to say, the adsorption type air cleaner and the adsorbent of the present invention have the same adsorbing ability for substances other than nitric oxide as in the conventional case.

[0006]

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an adsorption type air cleaner useful for air purification when the target air contains a large amount of nitric oxide and an adsorbent which can be suitably used for the adsorption type air cleaner.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An adsorption type air purifier is for purifying air by using a local area such as a worker's hand as a purifying target area. As shown in FIG. 1, a movable purifier body 1 and a suction pipe 2 are provided. Consists of. The purifier body 1 is intended to use suction air from the suction pipe 2 as a target air, and has a connection port 1a for connecting to the suction pipe 2 and an exhaust port 1b at an upper portion thereof, and a moving caster at a lower portion thereof. A case-shaped truck 1A provided with wheels 1c and internally provided with a treatment air passage A for the air to be purified extending from the connection port 1a to the exhaust port 1b is provided, and is connected to the treatment vehicle air passage A inside the vehicle 1A. Mouth 1a
And a motor-driven fan 1B for sucking and discharging the air so that it is sucked from the suction pipe 2, passed through the processing air passage A, and then discharged from the exhaust port 1b. Is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the purifying means has a primary filter F1, a secondary filter F2, and a tertiary filter F that process the suction air flowing in the treatment air passage A by contacting the suction air.
The third and fourth-order filters F4 are arranged in the stated order from the upstream side to the downstream side. 1
The next filter F1 uses a metal wire entwined in a scissor-like shape as a filter material to extinguish the sparks in the sucked air, that is, to prevent sparks from entering the inside. The secondary filter F2 is for removing coarse dust of 100 μm or more by using a wire mesh screen as a filter material. The third filter F3 is used for removing fine dust of 0.5 to 100 μm using a bag filter made of glass wool. 4th order filter F
Reference numeral 4 denotes an adsorption filter FA provided with an adsorbent, which has a structure in which one or more selected from transition metals are supported on an adsorbent and a carrier having micropores (diameter 20 Å or less). It is a thing. The carrier is activated carbon, zeolite, or an inorganic carrier, and examples of the inorganic carrier include alumina, silica, silica-alumina, titanium oxide, magnesia, and the like, which preferably have a large surface area. As a matter of course, the adsorbent used in the adsorption filter FA is selected from one or more of those having activated carbon as a carrier, those having zeolite as a carrier, and those having an inorganic carrier as a carrier. Among the above transition metals, the first transition element includes scandium, titanium, vanadium,
Chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, etc. can be mentioned, and the second transition elements include yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium,
Examples thereof include ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, etc., examples of the third transition element include lanthanoids such as lanthanum, and examples of the fourth transition element include:
Mention may be made of actinides such as actium.
Due to the presence of transition metals such as copper and manganese, these adsorbents also cause a chemical adsorption type micropore filling phenomenon for nitric oxide and adsorb the nitric oxide. Those N
An experiment was conducted to confirm the O adsorption capacity. The adsorbent used in the experiment was the same as that of the present invention A having a structure in which copper and manganese were supported on coconut husk activated carbon (cylindrical having a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 3 mm) having micropores. Zeolite activated carbon (diameter 3 mm, height 3 mm) of the present invention B having a structure in which copper and manganese are supported on a porous zeolite (cylindrical one having a diameter 3 mm and height 3 mm).
It is a conventional product. Then, the smoke generated during the buildup of the claws of the shovel loader by performing arc welding at a current value of 250 A using the gridur welding rod 65 is supplied as the exhaust gas to be treated, and NO in the exhaust gas at the outlet is supplied. The concentration was measured. NO in exhaust gas at the inlet
The concentration is 55 to 65 ppm, whereas the NO concentration in the exhaust gas at the outlet of the conventional product was 50 to 60 ppm,
The NO concentrations in the exhaust gas at the outlets A and B of the present invention were both 0 ppm. The NO concentration was measured by the chemiluminescence method (chemical method). The NO adsorption isotherm (a in FIG.
The results are shown at t25 ° C. Also, the regeneration of the adsorbent,
Desorption of nitrogen oxides by temperature or pressure swing,
Separately treat the desorbed nitrogen oxides. The suction pipe 2 is
A flexible bellows tube portion 2A is provided at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction, and the position and direction of the suction port 2a at the tip can be freely changed by bending at each of the bellows tube portions 2A and rotating around the vertical axis with respect to the carriage 1A. It is a thing. In the adsorption-type air cleaner having the above-mentioned configuration, by setting the suction port 2a so as to suck the air from the local location, the fume in the air at the local location
Dust, odor, and nitrogen oxides can be removed, and in particular, nitrogen oxides can be adsorbed and removed as well as nitrogen dioxide. In the figure,
The fan 1B is installed after the fourth-order filter F4 << adsorption filter FA >>, but before the first-order filter F1.
It may be installed anywhere between the first-order filter F1 and the second-order filter F2, between the second-order filter F2 and the third-order filter F3, and between the third-order filter F3 and the fourth-order filter F4 (FA).

[Other Embodiments] In the above embodiments, the air purifier having the local portion as the purification target area is shown, but the present invention can be applied to the air purifier for purifying the entire room as the purification target area. it can.

It should be noted that reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Side view with partial cutaway

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of air.

FIG. 3 NO adsorption isotherm diagram

[Explanation of symbols]

 A treatment air passage FA adsorption filter

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An adsorption type air purifier, wherein an adsorption filter (FA) is provided in a treatment air passage (A) for purifying air to be in contact with the purification air, and the adsorption filter (FA) is used as the adsorption filter (FA). An adsorption type air cleaner provided with an adsorbent having a structure in which a metal having micropores is carried on a carrier having micropores. 2. An adsorbent for an adsorption type air cleaner, wherein one or more selected from transition metals are supported on activated carbon having micropores. 3. An adsorbent for an adsorption type air cleaner, wherein one or more selected from transition metals is supported on a zeolite having micropores. 4. An adsorbent for an adsorption-type air cleaner, wherein one or more selected from transition metals are supported on an inorganic carrier having micropores.