JPH0643864A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To variedly change the tone color by storing sets of parameter values which prescribe a first tone color and a second color respectively and setting the switching time and simultaneously changing these parameter values. CONSTITUTION:A storage means where a set of parameter values prescribing the first tone color and a set of parameter values prescribing the second tone color are stored with respect to plural parameters prescribing the tone color and a setting means which freely variably sets the switching time of switching from the first tone color to the second tone color are provided. Parameter values of plural parameters are simultaneously gradually changed so that the first tone color is switched to the second tone color after the switching time set by the switching time setting means in accordance with the elapse of time after the start of musical sound generation. That is, the tone color is variedly changed because plural tone color parameters are simultaneously gradually changed in the arbitrary switching time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of generating a musical tone whose tone color changes with time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional electronic musical instrument, in order to obtain a timbre change over time, it is necessary to change only one parameter defining the timbre with time, or to change a plurality of parameters independently. Was there. For this reason, only a monotone change in tone color can be obtained.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of more various tone color changes.

[0004]

The present invention relates to a storage means for storing a set of parameter values defining a first tone color and a set of parameter values defining a second tone color for a plurality of parameters defining a tone color. And transition time setting means for variably setting the transition time when transitioning from the first tone color to the second tone color, and with the passage of time after the musical tone generation start instruction, from the first tone color, The transition to the second tone color is made after the transition time set by the transition time setting means has elapsed,
And a parameter value changing means for gradually changing the parameter values of a plurality of parameters at the same time.

[0005]

The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention stores a set of parameter values for setting the first tone color and a set of parameter values for defining the second tone color, sets the transition time, and sets a plurality of parameters. Since the configuration is such that the first tone color is changed to the second tone color after the transition time has elapsed by simultaneously changing the parameter values of, it is possible to perform various tone color changes such that a plurality of parameters are simultaneously changed at an arbitrary time,
A completely new playing effect can be obtained.

[0006]

The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description given below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is an external view of an embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the electronic musical instrument is applied to a music synthesizer. The music synthesizer includes a keyboard 1, a stage select switch 11, a stage time switch 12, a VCO parameter switch 13 and a VCF parameter switch 14,
VCA parameter switch 15, parameter setting lever 16, mode changeover switch 17, write switch 1
8 and. The stage select switch 11 divides the time corresponding to the key depression period when the keyboard 1 is depressed at a certain interval, and each of the divided breakpoints (hereinafter, referred to as break points) A, B, C, D. , E to form a breakpoint designating means. The stage between the respective rake points A to E will be referred to as a stage. Stage time switch 12 is for each stage A →
These are switches for setting the time of B, B → C, C → D, D → E.

The VCO parameter switch 13 is for designating a sound source among the parameters to be set.
The VCF parameter switch 14 is for setting the parameter of the absolute value of the cutoff frequency of the filter. The VCA parameter switch 15 sets a parameter as a sound level. The parameter setting lever 16 is for setting the size of the parameter to an arbitrary value when any one of the VCO parameter switch 13, the VCF parameter switch 14 and the VCA parameter switch 15 is selected. The mode changeover switch 17 is for selecting either the STEP mode or the AUTO mode.

Here, the STEP mode is a mode in which when a parameter is set for each break point, the generated tone based on the parameter can be monitored.
The O mode is a mode in which it is also possible to partially modify preset musical tones. The write switch 18 is a break point set by the stage select switch 11, a stage time set by the stage time switch 12, and a VC.
This is a switch that gives a command for writing each parameter selected by the O parameter switch 13, the VCF parameter switch 14, and the VCA parameter switch 15 and having its value set by the parameter setting lever 16 in the memory.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Next, the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The stage select switch 11, the stage time switch 12, and the V shown in FIG.
The CO parameter switch 13, the VCF parameter switch 14, the VCA parameter switch 15, the mode changeover switch 17 and the write switch 18 are all connected to a CPU 21 as a control means. Further, the variable resistor 161 provided in association with the parameter setting lever 16 shown in FIG. 2 is connected to the A / D converter 27. The A / D converter 27 converts the voltage as a parameter value set by the variable resistor 161 into a digital value and C
Give to PU21.

In relation to the CPU 21, a memory 26, a parameter register 22, a target value register 23, a break point counter 24 and a stage counter 25 are provided. The memory 26 stores each parameter, which will be described later with reference to FIG. The parameter register 22 stores the parameter at each breakpoint set in the memory 26. The target value register 23 stores the parameter at the next breakpoint. The break point counter 24 counts the break points AB at predetermined steps in order to interpolate the parameters between the break points A and B, for example. When the count value of the break point counter 24 is "0", it indicates between the break points A and B, and when it is "1", the break point B is shown.
Between C and D, and when it is "2", break points C and D
Between the break points D and E when "3".

The stage counter 25 counts the break points A to E. The CPU 21 interpolates the parameters between the breakpoints and gives the output to the D / A converter 28. The D / A converter 28 converts a parameter into an analog signal. The parameters converted into analog signals are decoded by the demultiplexer 29 into parameters corresponding to VCO4, VCF5, and VCA6, and are supplied to the sample hold circuit 30. The sample and hold circuit 30 samples and holds the input parameter value and supplies the outputs to VCO4, VCF5 and VCF6, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing parameters stored in the memory 26 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the memory 26 has an area 261 for storing the VCO parameter, the VCF parameter, the VCA parameter, and the stage time corresponding to each of the block points A to E.
Through 265. FIG. 4 is a diagram for facilitating the understanding of the operation of the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a flow chart for explaining the specific operation of the embodiment of the present invention.

Before describing the overall operation of the present invention, parameter setting and parameter interpolation between breakpoints will be described with reference to FIG. For example, in a conventional music synthesizer, there is an envelope signal as shown in FIG. 4 (a), which is applied by the depth in VCF.
As a result, the cutoff frequency of VCF changes as shown in FIG. In order to perform the same thing as this, in one embodiment of the present invention, VCF cutoff frequencies of 400 Hz, 200 Hz, and 100 Hz are preset for each of the break points A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. Interpolate between breakpoints A through D.

Multiplication is used as the interpolation method. That is, when interpolating between the breakpoints A and B shown in FIG. 4C, [(parameter value of B-current parameter value) × A → B
The operation is performed using the operation formula of [constant determined by time of time + current parameter value]. In this case, the parameter exponentially approaches the set value of the breakpoint B, so that the change in the parameter does not match the set value at B. Therefore,
As shown in FIG. 4 (d), when calculated [the set value of B + (the set value of B−the set value of A) × exponentially changes toward the value of ⅛], it becomes considerably smooth. Feels like changing.

Based on the above description and according to the flow chart shown in FIG. 5, the specific operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, when setting each parameter, the mode selector switch 17 is switched to select the STEP mode. And stage select switch 1
Operate 1 to select one of break points A to E. Further, the stage time switch 12 and the parameter setting lever 16 are operated to set the stage time. That is, for example, when the A → B key is operated to move the parameter setting lever 16 and the write switch 18 is operated, the stage time corresponding to the position of the parameter setting lever 16 is set. Further, one of the VCO parameter switches 13 is operated, the value is set by the parameter setting lever 16, and the write switch 18 is operated. Similarly, the VCF parameter is set by operating the VCF parameter switch 14 and the parameter setting lever 16 and pushing the write switch 18,
The VCA parameter is set by operating the parameter switch 15 and the parameter setting lever 16 and pressing the write switch 18. By such setting operation, each parameter is stored in the memory 26 for each breakpoint as shown in FIG.

When each parameter is set for each of the break points A to E, the keyboard 1 is used each time.
By pressing the key, you can monitor the sound at each breakpoint based on the set parameters. Next, a method of setting each parameter in the memory 26 as described above and then interpolating between the break points A to E based on this parameter will be described. First, the AUTO mode is selected with the mode changeover switch 17, and the stage select switch 11 is operated to select the break point A. Then, the keyboard 1 is operated. In step (abbreviated as S in the drawing) 1, the CPU 21 determines whether or not the keyboard 1 has been operated, and when it determines that the keyboard 1 has been operated, it resets the breakpoint counter 24 in step S2.

In step S3, the CPU 21 reads a parameter from the area 261 of the memory 26 corresponding to the breakpoint A designated by the stage select switch 11 and sets it in the parameter register 22. Then, in step S4, the CPU 21 causes the memory 26
The parameter of the break point A is subtracted from the parameter of the break point B stored in the area 262 of 9 and the product is multiplied by 9/8. Here, the reason for multiplying by 9/8 is to exponentially change it toward a value that is about 1/8 higher than the set value of the breakpoint B, as shown in FIG. 4D.

The CPU 21 sets the above calculation result in the target value register 23. Then, in step S5, the stage time from the break points B to A stored in the area 262 of the memory 26 is set in the stage counter 25. Then, the parameters set in the parameter register 22 in step S6 are set to D / A.
Output to the converter 28. The D / A converter 28 converts the parameter as a digital value into an analog signal, and this analog signal is passed through the demultiplexer 29 and the sample hold circuit 30 to VCO4, VCF.
5 and VCA6 respectively.

Therefore, it is possible to generate a sound based on the parameter set corresponding to the breakpoint A according to the operation of the keyboard 1. At this time, the sound can be changed to another sound. That is, when the stage select switch is operated again to select the break point A and the stage time is desired to be changed, the A → B key of the stage time switch 12 is operated and an arbitrary stage time is selected by the setting lever 16 to write. The built-in switch 18 is operated. Further, when it is desired to change the VCO parameter, the VCF parameter and the VCA parameter, one of the VCO parameter switch 13, the VCF parameter switch 14 and the VCA parameter switch 15 is selected and the setting lever 16 is operated, and then the write switch is selected. 18 is operated.

On the other hand, the key-on signal and the key-off signal are not output while the keyboard 1 is being pressed, that is, while the key is being pressed. Therefore, the CPU 21 determines in step S1 that the key is not turned on, determines in step S7 that the key is not turned off, and decrements the stage counter 25 in step S8. Then, in step S9, it is determined whether or not the count value of the stage counter 25 has become zero. If the count value of the stage counter 25 is not 0, the process proceeds to step S10 to perform the next calculation. That is, the parameter value set in the parameter register 22 is subtracted from the parameter value set in the target value register 23, multiplied by a constant K, and the result is added to the parameter set in the parameter register 22. . This calculation is to interpolate the separated one step between the break points A and B shown in FIG. The interpolated value of the parameter obtained by such calculation is output to the D / A converter 28.

The above steps S1, S7 to S10,
By repeating the operation of S6, the stage counter 25 stores the memory 2
The stage time period set in the area 261 of 6 is counted, and when the count value of the stage counter 25 becomes 0, the CPU 21 determines in step S9 that the count value of the stage counter becomes 0, and the CPU 21 determines in step S11.
At, it is determined whether or not the count value of the breakpoint counter 25 is 3.

If the count value of the break point counter 24 is 3, it means that it is during the break point DE shown in FIG. 4 (a), and therefore the routine proceeds to the next step S6, but the break point counter 24 is reset at the above step S2. Therefore, it is determined that the count value is not 3, and the break point counter is incremented by 1 in step S12.
To do. Since this has interpolated between the breakpoints A and B, it is necessary to interpolate between the next breakpoints B and C.
I have one. In step S13, each parameter is read from the area 262 of the memory 26 at the breakpoint B, and the parameters are set in the parameter register 22, the target value register 23, and the stage counter 25, respectively. Then, in step S6, the parameter at the breakpoint B is set to the D / A converter 28.
Output to.

While the keyboard 1 is being pressed, the above steps S1, S7 to S10 and S6 are repeated. When the interpolation between the breakpoints B and C is completed, the parameters at the breakpoint C are stored in the memory 2
Read from area 263 of 6 and break points C and D
Interpolation between and. At this time, the count value of the breakpoint counter 24 is 2, and the set time between the breakpoints C and D is the stage counter 2
When 5 counts, the count value of the breakpoint counter 24 becomes 3.

Further, the parameter of the breakpoint D is read from the area 264 of the memory 26 and set in the parameter register 22, the target value register 23 and the stage counter 25. And breakpoint D
And E is interpolated. When the interpolation between the break points D and E is completed, the count value of the break point counter 24 becomes 3, so that step S11 is performed.
In step S6, the parameter at the break point E is output and the series of operations is completed without incrementing the break point counter by 1.

When the keyboard 1 is released before the preset time between the break points D and E has elapsed, a key-off signal is generated from the keyboard 1. When the key-off signal is input, the CPU 21 determines it in step S7, and determines in step S14 whether or not the count value of the breakpoint counter 24 has reached 3.
If the key is released before the stage time of break points D and E has elapsed, the break point counter 2
Since the count value of 4 is 2, the process proceeds to step S15. Then, in step S15, the count value of the breakpoint counter 24 is forcibly set to 3. Then, in step S16, the parameter set in the parameter register 22 is subtracted from the parameter of the breakpoint E, and it is multiplied by 9/8. The result is set in the target value register 23. Further, the time parameter from the break points D to E is set in the stage counter in step S17, and the parameter at the break point D is output in step S6. After that, the operations of steps S8 to S10 and S6 described above are repeated.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a configuration in which the values of a plurality of tone color parameters are gradually changed simultaneously at an arbitrary transition time so as to shift from the first tone color to the second tone color. It is possible to change various tones.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of an electronic musical instrument to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining parameters stored in a memory shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for facilitating understanding of the operation of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Keyboard 11 Stage Select Switch 12 Stage Time Switch 13 VCO Parameter Switch 14 VCF Parameter Switch 15 VCA Parameter Switch 16 Parameter Setting Lever 17 Mode Change Switch 18 Write Switch 21 CPU 22 Parameter Register 23 Target Value Register 24 Breakpoint Counter 25 Stage Counter 26 memory 27 A / D converter 28 D / A converter 29 demultiplexer 30 sample hold circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A storage unit for storing a set of parameter values defining a first tone color and a set of parameter values defining a second tone color for a plurality of parameters defining the tone color, and from the first tone color. A transition time setting means for variably setting a transition time when transitioning to the second tone color, and a transition time setting means from the first tone color with a lapse of time after a musical tone generation start instruction. And a parameter value changing means for gradually changing the parameter values of the plurality of parameters at the same time so as to shift to the second timbre after the transition time set by