JPH06346476A - Underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively use an underground space by elimination of columns, by providing a plurality of supporting members and beams to make the same plane height in the periphery of a reversed conical space in the underground and attaching a stairs from the respective floors up to the ground level. CONSTITUTION:The ground is directly excavated downward and a vertical stairs is attached on the peripheral wall. And the upper end 30a of the stairs 30 is connected to the ground level and the lower side 30b of the stairs 30 is connected to respective floor plates 20. In this way, the stairs 30 is connected to respective floors and also connect respective floors with the ground level. And further, the stairs 30 is used for emergency to easily escape from respective floors to the ground level so as to be useful for safety.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure which basically does not require a group of pillars standing above the ground, and more particularly to an underground structure dug directly from the ground to the underground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional structure, a hierarchical structure including a roof, a floor, and a hierarchical member is supported by a plurality of pillars which stand vertically on the ground. Therefore, as the number of floors increases, such as the second floor and the third floor, the weight that each pillar must support increases.

Therefore, in the case of a wooden building, as a general rule, four or more stories are prohibited by the Building Standards Law, and the reinforced concrete building is also detailed in terms of column thickness and strength. It sets minimum standards.

In the case of a building with a basement floor, the weight of the floor above the floor of the lowest floor is supported by columns, which is the same as the structure built on the ground.

[0005]

The increase in the proportion of pillars as the number of floors increases means that the effective use area of the structure decreases, and the pillars can be eliminated from the structure. There was a demand for the development of the structure.

Further, the energy required for heating and cooling a building has become a social problem, but in a building built on the ground, four laps are exposed to the outside air, so a huge amount of energy is wastefully released from the building. It had been. In particular, due to recent global warming, a large amount of energy is consumed for cooling in the summer, and there are cases where existing power generation facilities cannot keep up.

Further, when developing such a pillar-less structure, it is also required to develop the stairs of the structure.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate a group of pillars standing on the ground that support a hierarchical structure such as floors and hierarchical members, and to provide an underground structure optimally provided with stairs.

In order to achieve the above object, the underground structure of the present invention comprises a peripheral wall portion which forms a mortar-like space underground.
A plurality of supporting members provided around the mortar-shaped space so as to have the same plane height; a beam whose ends are supported by a plurality of supporting means, and a central portion which is separated from the peripheral wall portion by a predetermined distance. A layered structure having a layered portion arranged in a vertical direction; and an upper end of the layered structure is vertically provided along the peripheral wall portion so as to communicate with the ground, and a lower portion thereof communicates with the layered portion of the layered structure. And a staircase provided in;

[0010]

In the underground structure of the present invention, the plurality of support members are
It is provided so as to be flush with the circumference of the mortar-shaped space. The hierarchical structure is supported by the plurality of support members.

In a multi-layered underground structure, each hierarchical structure is supported by a plurality of support members provided so as to have the same plane height to support each structure. Therefore,
Each hierarchical structure is supported independently of each other, and it is sufficient that each support member has sufficient strength to support the hierarchical structure.

The layer portion arranged in the central portion of the layered structure is provided at least at a predetermined distance from the peripheral wall portion. If this interval is set large, sunlight can be sufficiently supplied to the lower floors.

Further, by increasing the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the horizontal, it is possible to increase the number of layers per plane width. Further, by setting the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the horizontal to be small, it is possible to sufficiently supply sunlight to the lower layer.

Further, since the vertical stairs are provided along the peripheral wall portion, by utilizing the stairs,
You can get to the ground from the hierarchy part of the hierarchy structure. This staircase can be used as a normal staircase, or can be used as an emergency staircase to escape from the floor to the ground in an emergency, and human lives will not be lost in the event of a fire.

[0015]

The underground structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 are a perspective view, a plan view and a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of an underground structure according to the present invention.

An underground structure 10 according to the present invention is roughly composed of a peripheral wall 12 forming a mortar-shaped space and a plurality of support members 1 provided on the peripheral wall 12 so as to be flush with each other.
4 and a hierarchical structure 16 supported by a plurality of support members 14.

In the figure, GL represents the ground, and the overall size of the underground structure 10 is about 40 m in diameter and about 20 m in depth at the level of the ground GL.

In the illustrated embodiment, the underground structure 10 has six
Although it has a layered structure, it is needless to say that it is not limited to this, and one or more layers may be used. The height of each layer can be the same or different. The method of use and the way of division in each layer are arbitrary.

As best shown in FIG. 3, the peripheral wall 12 is formed by digging downward from the ground GL in a mortar shape. The angle of the peripheral wall 12 with respect to the horizontal can be arbitrarily selected, but if it is made large, the number of floors per plane width can be increased, and conversely, if it is made small, a lot of sunlight is supplied to the lower floors. You can also

The planar shape of the peripheral wall 12 can be various shapes other than the regular dodecagon as shown in FIG. FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D show an example of the case where the planar shape is a circle, a quadrangle, an ellipse, and a general water drop shape. Further, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the peripheral wall 12 is not only a straight sloped surface with a concrete exposed finish as shown in FIG. 2, but also an arc shape in which the slope becomes gentler as it goes deeper, or trees and flowers are gradually formed in a field. Can be planted.

The hierarchical structure 16 includes beams 18 extending radially.
And a layer plate 20 supported by the beam 18. A space having a predetermined interval is formed in each layer between the outer edge of the hierarchical plate 20 and the peripheral wall 12. If this space is large, much sunlight will be supplied to the lower floors.

FIG. 5 shows a supporting member 1 for supporting the ends of the beam 18.
4 is a perspective view of FIG.

The support member 14 includes a horizontal surface 14a supporting the lower surface of the end of the beam 18 and a horizontal surface 14a formed by moving the beam 18 left and right.
It has a pair of vertical surfaces 14b and 14b for preventing the vertical surfaces 14b and 14b from coming off. The abutting surface 14c sandwiched between the pair of vertical surfaces 14b and 14b is adapted to abut the end surface of the beam 18, whereby the beam 18, and thus the hierarchical structure 16 is contacted.
Are prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction of the beam 18.

In the preferred embodiment shown, an isolation cushion 22 is interposed between the beam 18 and the support member 14 to protect the hierarchical structure 16 during an earthquake. There is.

The support members 14 are fixed to the peripheral wall 12 so as to have the same plane height and at equal intervals by various methods. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, the peripheral wall 12 is provided with a recess 12a for the support member 14, the support member 14 is fitted into the recess 12a, and both are fixed by a conventionally known conventional means. There is.

The feature of the present invention is that the hierarchical structure 16 is the peripheral wall 1.
2 is supported by a plurality of support members 14 provided so as to have the same plane height, so that it is not necessary to support columns by principle in each layer. However, when the hierarchical structure 16 has a large diameter as in the illustrated embodiment, it is possible to supplementarily support the central portion. That is, in the illustrated preferred embodiment, the underground structure 10 has an elevator facility 2 at the center thereof.
4 (see FIG. 3), this elevator facility 24
Columns that can support the vicinity of the central portion of the layered structure 16 of each layer can be installed around the.

Underground structure 10 constructed in this way
Has a feature that it is not easily affected by temperature changes on the ground because the space used for the structure is underground. Therefore, even if the temperature in summer rises due to global warming, the underground structure is not affected by it, and the energy required for cooling can be reduced. Also, in winter heating, unlike the conventional structure that stands upright in the outside cold air, since the underground structure itself is warmed by the geothermal heat, the energy required for heating can be reduced.

Furthermore, the ground surface can be used as a playground, a park, a parking lot, etc., and the underground structure is substantially isolated from the surrounding sound, so that it can be used in public buildings such as hospitals, libraries and schools. It is also perfect for

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2 showing the stairs 30 provided on the peripheral wall 12 of the underground structure 10. Further, FIG. 7 is a partial plan view seen from the direction C in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, stairs 30 are vertically attached to the peripheral wall 12 of the underground structure 10.

The upper end 30a of the stairs 30 is provided so as to communicate with the ground, while the lower part 30b of the stairs 30 is
A connection plate 31 is provided so as to be able to communicate with each hierarchical plate 20 of the hierarchical structure 10 (see FIG. 8).
In this way, the stairs 30 connect each floor with each other and each floor with the ground.

Since the stairs 30 are provided in this manner, when a person is working on the hierarchy plate 20 of each hierarchy, as shown by an arrow D in FIG. You can use the stairs 30 to move up and down. In addition, it is possible to go out on the ground from the layer plate 20 of each layer.

On the other hand, it is also possible to use this staircase 30 as an emergency staircase. Also in this case, since the stairs 30 are connected to the floor plate 20 of each floor and the ground, it is possible to easily escape from each floor to the ground, which is very beneficial in terms of safety.

In the above embodiment, the stairs 30 are provided at two positions symmetrical with respect to the center of the underground structure 10, but the stairs 30 may be provided at at least one place. .

Further, the stairs 30 may be provided at two or more places, for example, three or four places. When installing a large number of stairs in this way, it is desirable to arrange them at equal intervals.

Further, as the floor closer to the ground has a larger space for use, more people can be accommodated accordingly. Therefore, the stairs that connect the floors close to the ground, for example, the basement floor to the basement floor to the ground are the above-mentioned stairs 30.
May be separately provided. When the stairs are separately provided as described above, the time required for all people to escape to the ground can be shortened in a short time especially in an emergency, which is very beneficial for safety.

[0037]

The underground structure of the present invention includes a peripheral wall portion forming a mortar-shaped space underground, and a plurality of support members provided so as to be flush with each other around the mortar-shaped space.
A beam whose ends are supported by a plurality of supporting means and a layered structure having a layered portion arranged in the central portion at a predetermined distance from at least the peripheral wall portion, and an upper end portion along the peripheral wall portion. Since it is configured to include a stairway that is provided in the up-down direction so as to communicate with the ground and a lower portion thereof is provided so as to communicate with the hierarchy portion of the hierarchical structure, by using this staircase, the hierarchical structure You can get to the ground from the hierarchy section.

This staircase can be used as a normal staircase, or can be used as an emergency staircase to escape from the floor portion to the ground in an emergency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an underground structure according to the present invention.

2 is a plan view of the underground structure of FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

4A to 4D are plan views showing another example of the planar shape of an underground structure.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a support member that supports an end portion of a beam.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partial plan view seen from the direction C in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a connection plate that connects the hierarchy plate and the stairs.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Underground Structure 12 Peripheral Wall 14 Support Member 16 Hierarchical Structure 18 Beam 20 Hierarchical Plate 22 Vibration Isolation Cushion 24 Elevator Facility 30 Stairs 31 Connection Plate

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A peripheral wall portion which forms a mortar-shaped space in the basement; a plurality of support members provided so as to have the same plane height around the mortar-shaped space; and an end portion of the plurality of support means. A supported beam and a layered structure having a layer portion arranged at a central portion at least a predetermined distance from the peripheral wall portion; and an upper end portion of the layered structure extending to the ground along the peripheral wall portion. An underground structure including a stairway which is provided in a vertical direction and whose lower portion communicates with a hierarchical portion of the hierarchical structure. 2. The underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the hierarchical structure has at least two layers and has an elevator in a central portion. 3. The underground structure according to claim 2, wherein at least two stairs are evenly provided in the circumferential direction, and these stairs have a function as an emergency stair. Underground structure to be.