JPH06346478A - Underground structure which can be enclosed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To isolate an inside space from the outside air or introduce the outside air, by providing supporting members in the periphery of a conical space so as to make the same plane height to support a building with stories and detachably providing a covering member in the upper space. CONSTITUTION:A space 30 is formed between the floor plate 20 and the surrounding wall 12 of the uppermost floor structure 16 and an embedded cover plate 32 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the surrounding wall 12. And further, an actuator 34 moving radially the cover plate 32 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cover plate 32. In this case, when an underground structure is used for a nuclear shelter, the cover plate 32 is constituted of lead which can isolate the shetter from radioactive rays. The cover plate 32 is usually radially transferred by the actuator 34 to introduce the outside air into the space 30 of the floor structures 16. When a fire has broken, the cover plate 32 is radially moved by the actuator 34 and the space 30 is completely isolated from the outside air.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealable underground structure, and more particularly, to a sealable underground structure directly dug down from the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional structure, a hierarchical structure including a roof, a floor, and a hierarchical member is supported by a plurality of pillars which stand vertically on the ground. Therefore, as the number of floors increases, such as the second floor and the third floor, the weight that each pillar must support increases.

Therefore, in the case of a wooden building, as a general rule, four or more stories are prohibited by the Building Standards Law, and the reinforced concrete building is also detailed in terms of column thickness and strength. It sets minimum standards.

In the case of a building with a basement floor, the weight of the floor above the floor of the lowest floor is supported by columns, and the structure of the frame is the structure built on the ground. It is the same.

[0005]

The increase in the proportion of pillars as the number of floors increases means that the effective use area of the structure decreases, and the pillars can be eliminated from the structure. There was a demand for the development of the structure.

Further, the energy required for heating and cooling a building has become a social problem, but in a building built on the ground, four laps are exposed to the outside air, so a huge amount of energy is wastefully released from the building. It had been. In particular, due to recent global warming, a large amount of energy is consumed for cooling in the summer, and there are cases where existing power generation facilities cannot keep up.

Further, a building built on the ground must be equipped with various facilities and devices in order to prepare for a disaster such as a typhoon or a fire. Leads to an increase. From the standpoint of preparing for a fire in a nuclear power generation facility and the outbreak of a nuclear war, ground-based buildings are completely powerless. There is a need to change the idea of living in the world.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
An object of the present invention is to provide a sealable underground structure that supports a hierarchical structure such as a floor or a hierarchical member and that can eliminate a plurality of pillars standing vertically on the ground.

The sealable underground structure of the present invention comprises a peripheral wall portion forming a mortar-shaped space underground, and a plurality of supporting means provided around the mortar-shaped space so as to be flush with each other. A beam having its ends supported by a plurality of supporting means and a layered structure provided as at least one layer having a layered portion arranged at a central portion at a predetermined distance from a peripheral wall portion; and a layered structure It is characterized by having a cover member detachably attached to the upper space portion of the uppermost floor portion of the structure to isolate the underground space from the outside air.

In the underground structure to which the present invention is applied, a plurality of supporting means are provided so as to be flush with each other around a mortar-shaped space. In these plural support means,
Hierarchical structures are supported.

In a multi-layer underground structure, each hierarchical structure is supported by a plurality of support means provided so as to have the same plane height to support each structure. Therefore,
Each hierarchical structure is supported independently of each other, and it is sufficient for each supporting means to have sufficient strength to support the hierarchical structure.

The layer portion arranged in the central portion of the layered structure is provided at least at a predetermined distance from the peripheral wall portion. If this interval is set large, sunlight can be sufficiently supplied to the lower floors.

Further, by increasing the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the horizontal, it is possible to increase the number of layers per plane width. Further, by setting the angle of the peripheral wall portion with respect to the horizontal to be small, it is possible to sufficiently supply sunlight to the lower layer.

Further, in the submerged underground structure of the present invention, a cover member is detachably provided in the upper space portion of the uppermost layer portion of the layered structure. As a result, normally, the cover member is removed to introduce the outside air into the underground structure, and if necessary, the cover member is attached to the upper space portion of the uppermost floor portion and the inner space of the underground structure. Cut off the outside air.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A sealable underground structure of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3 are a perspective view, a plan view and a vertical sectional view of an underground structure to which the present invention is applied.

An underground structure 10 to which the present invention is applied is generally a peripheral wall 12 forming a mortar-shaped space and a peripheral wall 1.
2 includes a plurality of support members 14 provided so as to have the same plane height, and a hierarchical structure 16 supported by the plurality of support members 14.

In the figure, GL represents the ground, and the overall size of the underground structure 10 is about 40 m in diameter and about 20 m in depth at the level of the ground GL.

In the illustrated embodiment, the underground structure 10 has six
Although it has a layered structure, it is needless to say that it is not limited to this, and one or more layers may be used. The height of each layer can be the same or different. The method of use and the way of division in each layer are arbitrary.

As best shown in FIG. 3, the peripheral wall 12 is formed by digging downward from the ground GL in a mortar shape. The angle of the peripheral wall 12 with respect to the horizontal can be arbitrarily selected, but if it is made large, the number of floors per plane width can be increased, and conversely, if it is made small, a lot of sunlight is supplied to the lower floors. You can also

The planar shape of the peripheral wall 12 can be various shapes other than the regular dodecagon as shown in FIG. FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D show an example of the case where the planar shape is a circle, a quadrangle, an ellipse, and a general water drop shape. Further, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the peripheral wall 12 is not only a straight sloped surface with a concrete exposed finish as shown in FIG. 2, but also an arc shape in which the slope becomes gentler as it goes deeper, or trees and flowers are gradually formed in a field. Can be planted.

The hierarchical structure 16 includes beams 18 extending radially.
And a layer plate 20 supported by the beam 18. A space having a predetermined interval is formed in each layer between the outer edge of the hierarchical plate 20 and the peripheral wall 12. If this space is large, much sunlight will be supplied to the lower floors.

FIG. 5 shows a supporting member 1 for supporting the ends of the beam 18.
4 is a perspective view of FIG.

The support member 14 includes a horizontal surface 14a supporting the lower surface of the end of the beam 18 and a horizontal surface 14a formed by moving the beam 18 left and right.
It has a pair of vertical surfaces 14b and 14b for preventing the vertical surfaces 14b and 14b from coming off. The abutting surface 14c sandwiched between the pair of vertical surfaces 14b and 14b is adapted to abut the end surface of the beam 18, whereby the beam 18, and thus the hierarchical structure 16 is contacted.
Are prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction of the beam 18.

In the preferred embodiment shown, an isolation cushion 22 is interposed between the beam 18 and the support member 14 to protect the hierarchical structure 16 during an earthquake. There is.

The supporting means 14 are fixed to the peripheral wall 12 by various methods so as to have the same plane height and at equal intervals. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, the peripheral wall 12 is provided with a recess 12a for the support member 14, the support member 14 is fitted into the recess 12a, and both are fixed by a conventionally known conventional means. There is.

The feature of the present invention is that the hierarchical structure 16 is the peripheral wall 1.
2 is supported by a plurality of support members 14 provided so as to have the same plane height, so that it is not necessary to support columns by principle in each layer. However, when the hierarchical structure 16 has a large diameter as in the illustrated embodiment, it is possible to supplementarily support the central portion. That is, in the illustrated preferred embodiment, the underground structure 10 has an elevator facility 2 at the center thereof.
4 (see FIG. 3), this elevator facility 24
Columns that can support the vicinity of the central portion of the layered structure 16 of each layer can be installed around the.

Underground structure 10 constructed in this way
Has a feature that it is not easily affected by temperature changes on the ground because the space used for the structure is underground. Therefore, even if the temperature in summer rises due to global warming, the underground structure is not affected by it, and the energy required for cooling can be reduced. Also, in winter heating, since the underground structure itself is warmed by geothermal heat, the energy required for heating can be reduced.

Furthermore, the ground surface can be used as a playground, a park, a parking lot, etc., and the underground structure is substantially isolated from the surrounding sound, so that it can be used in public buildings such as hospitals, libraries and schools. It is also perfect for

Next, with reference to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, one embodiment of the sealable underground structure of the present invention will be described. Figure 6
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the sealable underground structure of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a space 30 is formed between the peripheral plate 12 and the hierarchical plate 20 of the uppermost hierarchical structure 16. This space 30
An embedded cover plate 32 is disposed in the ground on the outer peripheral side of the peripheral wall 12. This cover plate 3
An actuator 34 for moving the cover plate 32 in the radial direction is arranged further on the outer peripheral side of the unit 2. When the underground structure 10 is used as a nuclear shelter, the cover plate 32 is made of lead that can block radioactivity.

In this embodiment, normally, the actuator 34 moves the cover plate 32 outward in the radial direction to introduce outside air into the space 30 of the hierarchical structure 16. 6 and 7 show this state. On the other hand, in an emergency, for example, when there is a concern about radioactive contamination or when a large-scale fire occurs, the cover plate 32 is moved in the radial direction by the actuator 34, and the space of the hierarchical structure 16 is moved. The part 30 and the outside air are completely shut off. As a result, the safety inside the underground structure 10 is ensured. Further, when the underground structure 10 is used as a nuclear shelter, the cover plate 32 needs to have a perfect sealing property.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the net winding device 36 is arranged above the space 30 formed between the hierarchical plate 20 and the peripheral wall 12 of the uppermost hierarchical structure 16. This net winding device 36 is used for the roll-shaped net 3
8, a storage device 40 for storing the net 38 and a drawer device 42 for pulling out the net 38.
Here, the net 38 is made of black net, aluminum foil, or the like.

This embodiment is effective when the sunlight is strong in the summer and the like and direct sunlight is not desired to enter the space 30. That is, the pulling-out device 42 pulls out the net 38 from the net winding device 36 to block the sunlight. On the other hand, when it is desired to introduce sunlight into the space 38, the net 38 is wound by the net winding device 36 to introduce sunlight. In this way, with a relatively simple structure, it is possible to perform the operations of blocking and introducing sunlight and making the environment inside the underground structure comfortable.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view showing the upper opening / closing device.

In this embodiment, a plurality of blind-type panels 4 are provided above a space 30 formed between the hierarchical plate 20 and the peripheral wall 12 of the uppermost hierarchical structure 16.
4 is attached. Each panel 44 is operated so as to be openable and closable by a driving device (not shown).

In this embodiment, similarly to the above embodiment, the panel 44 is opened when the outside air is to be introduced into the space 30, and the panel 44 is fully closed when the outside air is to be shut off. Further, the panel 44 can be opened halfway by a driving device, and the space portion 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree to an optimum middle degree.
It is also possible to control the temperature within 0. If a reflection means is provided on the surface of the panel 44, the underground structure 1
Sunlight can be introduced at any position of zero. It is effective in areas with high latitude, such as winter, when there is a tendency for insufficient sunlight.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
Will be described with reference to. FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view showing the upper opening / closing device.

In this embodiment, a foldable panel 46 is attached to the upper part of the space 30 formed between the hierarchical plate 20 and the peripheral wall 12 of the uppermost hierarchical structure 16. In this folding type panel 46, the right end in the figure is fixed and the left end is a movable end. The left end of the foldable panel 46 is connected to a drive device (not shown) and moves in the left-right direction to open and close the panel 46.

In this embodiment, similarly, when it is desired to introduce outside air into the space portion 30, the left end of the folding panel 46 is moved to the right in the drawing to open the outside air. When it is desired to shut off, the left end of the panel 46 is moved to the left, and the space 30 is shut off from the outside air. In this embodiment, it is possible to control the temperature in the space 30 by adjusting the opening by optimally controlling the position of the left end of the panel 46.

[0041]

The underground structure to which the present invention is applied includes a peripheral wall portion forming a mortar-shaped space, and a plurality of supporting means provided so as to have the same plane height around the mortar-shaped space, And, since it is configured to include a beam whose ends are supported by a plurality of supporting means and at least a hierarchical structure having a hierarchical portion arranged in the central portion at a predetermined distance from the peripheral wall portion, The hierarchical structure is supported by a plurality of supporting means independently for each layer. Therefore, the pillars that connect the respective hierarchical structures are substantially unnecessary, and the construction cost can be kept low.

Further, according to the present invention, the underground space can be isolated from the outside air by the cover member detachably attached to the upper space portion of the uppermost layer portion of the layered structure.

As a result, by selectively using the material of the cover member according to the purpose, disasters such as typhoons and fires,
It has the effect of effectively protecting underground structures or humankind living therein when a nuclear power plant fires, a nuclear war breaks out, or the earth's ozone layer is destroyed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an underground structure to which the present invention is applied.

2 is a plan view of the underground structure of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the underground structure of FIG.

4A to 4D are plan views showing another example of the planar shape of an underground structure.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a support member that supports an end portion of a beam.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a sealable underground structure of the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the sealable underground structure of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view showing another embodiment of the sealable underground structure of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view showing another embodiment of the sealable underground structure of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Underground Structure 12 Peripheral Wall 14 Support Member 16 Hierarchical Structure 18 Beam 20 Hierarchical Plate 22 Vibration Isolation Cushion 24 Elevator Facility 30 Space Part 32 Cover Plate 34 Actuator 36 Net Winding Device 38 Net 40 Storage Device 42 Drawer Device 44 Panel 46 Folding Format panel

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A peripheral wall portion which forms a mortar-shaped space underground, a plurality of supporting means provided around the mortar-shaped space so as to have the same plane height, and an end portion of the plurality of supporting means. A layered structure provided as at least one layer having a supported beam and at least a layered part arranged in a central part at a predetermined distance from the peripheral wall part, and an uppermost layer of the layered structure A sealable underground structure, comprising: a cover member detachably attached to an upper space portion of the section for isolating the underground space from the outside air.