JPH06343421A - High fat food having antiobestic function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject food having suppressive activity against absorption of fat from bowels and preventive function against obesity due to excessive intake of fat by compounding a high fat main component with purified gymnema acid derived from acidic precipitate of an extract component obtained from Gymnema sylvestre. CONSTITUTION:Dried leaves of gymnema sylvestre is immersed in hot water of about 60 deg.C for >=5hr and mildly centrifuged with rotation of 1200-1300rpm. The supernatant is dried by lyophillization to obtain powdery extract component. This is dissolved in water. Acidic precipitate is obtained by adjusting the pH of the solution to 3 and purified gymnema acid (i-GA) is obtained from the precipitate. The i-GA is further washed with water and extracted with ethanol and the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrated extract is centrifuged after adding acetone and a purified product (p-GA) is precipitated from the supernatant. Thereafter, the objective high fat food having antiobestic function is obtained by compounding a high fat food containing a high fat main component with the purified gymnema acid (p-GA).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high-fat food having an obesity-preventing ability, and in particular to obesity by suppressing absorption of its hydrolysis product from the intestinal tract despite containing a high-lipid main component. The present invention relates to a high-fat food capable of preventing the above.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of the causes of obesity, excessive intake of lipid due to westernization of Japanese dietary habits can be mentioned. Therefore, various obesity prevention methods such as a review of traditional Japanese food and intake of dietary fiber have been proposed. For example, agar made from seaweed, konjak with vegetable fiber, animal water-soluble fiber, chitosan obtained from crab shell, etc. are said to have a function of delaying absorption of lipids from the intestinal tract. And their intake is recommended.

[0003]

However, according to the conventional method, there are problems that the obesity-preventing effect is delayed and that the effect is uncertain.

In view of the above, the present invention provides the above high-fat food which is capable of reliably preventing obesity by suppressing absorption of a hydrolysis product from the intestinal tract even when a high-lipid main component is ingested. The purpose is to provide.

[0005]

The high-fat food having obesity-preventing ability according to the present invention is characterized in that purified gymnematic acid is added to the high-lipid main component.

[0006]

[Action] The lipid digestion and absorption mechanism is different for neutral fat, cholesterol, and phospholipid, but generally speaking, the ingested lipid is hydrolyzed into fatty acid and monoacylglycerol by lipase, and then fatty acid. And the like form micelles together with bile salts, reach the surface of intestinal epithelial cells, and are absorbed by the intestinal epithelial cells.

[0007] Purified Gymnema acid is a plant that grows natively in India, Africa and China, Gymnema sylvestre (Gy
mnema sylvestre) leaves or stems. When this purified gymnematic acid is added to a high-lipid main component and ingested, the purified gymnematic acid exerts an action of inhibiting the formation of the micelles. As a result, absorption of the hydrolysis product of lipids from the intestinal tract is suppressed, and thus obesity due to ingestion of a high-lipid main component can be reliably prevented.

The above-mentioned concept of purified gymnemic acid includes not only pure one but also one containing many homologues of gymnemic acid.

Gymnemaic acid is used in low-calorie foods and drinks and has an action of suppressing absorption of glucose from the intestinal tract, and this point has already been proposed by the present applicant (JP-A-61-61). Therefore, gymnematic acid is harmless to the human body.

[0010]

EXAMPLE First, purified gymnemic acid (hereinafter referred to as p-GA) was produced through the following steps.

Dry leaves of Gymnema sylvestre at about 60 ° C
Soak in hot water for 5 hours or more, rotation speed 1200 to 1300
The supernatant liquid, which is gently spun down at rpm, is dried by a freeze-drying method to obtain a powdery extract component (hereinafter referred to as GSW).

GSW is dissolved in water and the solution is adjusted to pH 3 to obtain an acidic precipitate. This acidic precipitate is crude gymnemic acid, hereafter referred to as i-GA.

As a purification treatment, i-GA is washed with water, extracted with ethanol four or five times, the ethanol extract is concentrated under reduced pressure, and twice the amount of acetone is added to cause centrifugation. The liquid is concentrated to dryness, diethyl carbonate is added to precipitate p-GA, and p-GA is evaporated to dryness to give a powder.

A. First Test Example i-GA and p-G for each nutrient when lipids, sugars and proteins were individually ingested
In order to test the intestinal absorption inhibitory effect of A, the following test was conducted. (1) Lipid As a hydrolysis product of lipid, oleic acid (fatty acid) was selected, and 2 mM of oleic acid and 10 mM of taurochol (bile salt) were dissolved in Ringer's solution to prepare control solution 1. .

Further, i-GA was added to the control solution 1 at a rate of 1 mg / ml to prepare the experimental solution 1a, and the control solution 1 was further added with p.
Experimental liquid 1b was prepared by adding GA at a rate of 1 mg / ml.

Wistar rats were anesthetized intraperitoneally, and only the intestine was cut without damaging the blood vessels and nerves. The control solution 1 was caused to flow from the cut end into the intestinal tract using a perista pump, and the control solution 1 was perfused in the intestinal tract of about 20 cm for 60 minutes. Then, the concentration of oleic acid in Control Solution 1 was measured at regular intervals to determine the amount of oleic acid absorbed from the intestinal tract.

A similar test was conducted using the experimental liquids 1a and 1b, and the oleic acid absorption amount was similarly determined.

FIG. 1 shows the test results. From FIG. 1, i
-GA-containing experimental liquid 1a and p-GA-containing experimental liquid 1
It can be seen that in the case of b, the absorption amount of oleic acid from the intestinal tract is significantly reduced as compared with the case of the control solution 1. This is due to the manifestation of the intestinal absorption inhibitory effect of i-GA and p-GA on oleic acid.

Further, comparing the experimental liquid 1a and the experimental liquid 1b, the absorbed amount of oleic acid in the experimental liquid 1b is smaller than that in the experimental liquid 1a. This is because the gymnemic acid content of p-GA is 0.8% by weight, which is higher than that of i-GA, which is 0.05% by weight. (2) Carbohydrate Glucose was selected as the sugar, and 5 mM of glucose was dissolved in Ringer's solution to prepare Control Solution 2.

Further, i-GA was added to the control solution 2 at a rate of 1 mg / ml to add the experimental solution 2a, and the control solution 2 was added with p.
-Experimental liquid 2b was prepared by adding GA at a rate of 1 mg / ml.

The same perfusion test as described above was carried out using the control solution 2 and the experimental solutions 2a and 2b, and the results shown in FIG. 2 were obtained. From FIG. 2, it can be seen that i-GA and p-GA suppress the absorption of glucose from the intestinal tract. (3) Protein L-phenylalanine was selected as a protein hydrolysis product, and 5 mM of L-phenylalanine was dissolved in Ringer's solution to prepare Control Solution 3.

Further, i-GA was added to the control solution 3 at a rate of 1 mg / ml to prepare the experimental solution 3a, and the control solution 3 was further added with p.
Experimental solution 3b was prepared by adding GA at a rate of 1 mg / ml.

The same perfusion test as described above was carried out using the control solution 3 and the experimental solutions 3a and 3b, and the results shown in FIG. 3 were obtained. From FIG. 3, even for L-phenylalanine, i
It can be seen that -GA and p-GA exert an intestinal absorption inhibitory effect.

B. Second Test Example In order to test the intestinal absorption inhibitory effect of i-GA and p-GA on each nutrient when lipids, sugars and proteins were simultaneously ingested, the following mixed control solution and mixed experimental solution 1 to 3 was prepared.

The mixed control solution contained 2 mM oleic acid and 10 mM taurochol, 5 mM glucose, and 5 mM glucose.
It is a solution of mM L-phenylalanine dissolved in Ringer's solution.

In addition, the mixed test solution 1 was prepared by adding G to the mixed control solution.
SW was added at a rate of 1 mg / ml, mixed experimental solution 2 was obtained by adding i-GA to the mixed control solution at a rate of 1 mg / ml, and further mixed experimental solution 3 was the mixed control solution. The solution was prepared by adding p-GA at a rate of 1 mg / ml.

A perfusion test similar to the above was carried out using the mixed control liquid and the mixed experimental liquids 1 to 3, and the absorption amount of oleic acid and the like from the intestinal tract after the lapse of 60 minutes was determined. 6 results were obtained. In addition, each absorbed amount is shown as an average value ± standard error value when six perfusion tests are performed.

In FIG. 4 regarding lipids, the absorption amount of oleic acid was 41.1 ± 6.66 μEq in the case of the mixed control solution.
/ L / cm / hour, but 39.8 ± 5.01 μEq / l / cm / hour for mixed experimental solution 1 (GSW) and 25.8 ± for mixed experimental solution 2 (i-GA). 1.72 μEq
/ L / cm / hour, 1 for mixed experimental solution 3 (p-GA)
3.3 ± 1.65 μEq / l / cm / hour.

Thus, in the mixed experimental liquids 2 and 3,
It was found that i-GA and p-GA remarkably exhibited an intestinal absorption-suppressing effect on oleic acid even when oleic acid and other components were mixed. In this case, the effect of p-GA is greater than that of i-GA, which is due to the difference in the content of gymnemic acid.

In FIG. 5 regarding sugars, the glucose absorption amount was 2.02 ± 0.09 mg / dl / in the case of the mixed control solution.
cm / hour, 1.72 ± 0.07 mg / dl / cm / hour for mixed experimental solution 1 (GSW), mixed experimental solution 2
In case of (i-GA) 1.43 ± 1.03 mg / dl / cm /
hour, 1.13 ± for mixed test solution 3 (p-GA)
It is 0.16 mg / dl / cm / hour.

In the low-calorie food and drink according to the applicant's earlier application, i-G when glucose was administered alone
Although the intestinal absorption inhibitory effect of A is described,
As is clear from the mixed experimental liquids 1 to 3, even if glucose and other components are mixed, GSW, i-GA and p-
It was confirmed that GA significantly expresses the intestinal absorption inhibitory effect on glucose.

In FIG. 6 relating to proteins, the amount of L-phenylalanine absorbed was 1.24 ± in the case of the mixed control solution.
0.5 mg / dl / cm / hour, mixed experimental solution 1 (G
SW) 1.48 ± 0.08 mg / dl / cm / hour, and mixed experimental solution 2 (i-GA) 1.42 ± 0.1
0 mg / dl / cm / hour, mixed solution 3 (p-G)
In the case of A), it was 1.16 ± 0.11 mg / dl / cm / hour.

Comparing the absorption amounts, no statistically significant difference was observed between the mixed control solution and the mixed experimental solutions 1 to 3. This indicates that, as shown in FIG. 3, the effect of suppressing intestinal absorption by i-GA and the like, which occurs when L-phenylalanine is used alone, disappears in a mixed state with other components. There is.

Therefore, i-GA and the like suppress the absorption of lipid hydrolysis products and sugars from the intestinal tract and contribute to the prevention of obesity, but they are the decomposition products of proteins necessary for the maintenance of life and growth. Has a selectivity that it does not exhibit the effect of suppressing intestinal absorption.

Mixed control solution and mixed experimental solution 3 (p-G
The absorption inhibition rate by p-GA was calculated from the absorption amount of each component in A), and the absorption inhibition rate for oleic acid was about 6
The absorption inhibition rate for glucose was as high as about 8% and about 44% for glucose, but the absorption inhibition rate for L-phenylalanine was extremely low at about 7%. Therefore, most of L-phenylalanine was irrespective of the presence of p-GA. It can be said that it is absorbed from the intestinal tract.

C. Comparison of Absorption Amounts of Each Component After 60 Minutes of Perfusion Test of First Test Example (FIG. 1) and Second Test Example (FIG. 4) FIG. 7 shows oleic acid absorption amount. Control solution 1 and mixed control solution, and test solution 1a (i-GA) and mixed test solution 2 (i-
GA), and mixed with experimental solution 1b (p-GA) Experimental solution 3
Comparison with (p-GA) reveals that the simultaneous ingestion of each nutrient significantly suppresses the absorption of oleic acid from the intestinal tract as compared with the case of ingesting the lipid alone.

FIG. 8 shows glucose absorption. Glucose shows the same tendency as in the case of oleic acid, but the difference in absorption between simultaneous intake and single intake is smaller than that in the case of oleic acid.

FIG. 9 shows the amount of L-phenylalanine absorbed. Comparing the control solution 3 with the mixed control solution, the simultaneous ingestion significantly suppressed the absorption of L-phenylalanine from the intestinal tract as compared with the single ingestion, and the mixed control solution contained i-GA.
Or even if p-GA is added, mixed experimental solution 2 (i-G
It can be seen that the amount of L-phenylalanine absorbed is almost the same as in A) and the mixed test solution 3 (p-GA).

D. Inhibition of absorption of other constituents of p-GA-added lipids, sugars and proteins from the intestinal tract. Fig. 10 shows triacylglycerol (TG), a hydrolysis product of lipids. It is a comparison of the absorption inhibition rate for cholesterol and cholesterol (Cho) and the absorption inhibition rate for oleic acid (Ole). The test method is in accordance with the first test example, and the absorption suppression rate for TG and the like is obtained from the amount of absorption after 60 minutes of the perfusion test. This is the same in other examples described later.

In this case, the absorption inhibition rate for Ole was about 65% (see the values for 60 minutes of the control solution 1 and the experimental solution 1b in FIG. 1), and that for TG was about 45%, Ch.
It is about 32% for o, which is lower than the absorption inhibition rate for Ole.

FIG. 11 shows the sugar fructose (Fr
It is a comparison of the absorption suppression rate for u) and galactose (Gal) and the absorption suppression rate for glucose (Glc).

In this case, the absorption inhibition rate for Glc is about 36% (see the 60-minute values of the control solution 2 and the experimental solution 2b in FIG. 2), and the absorption inhibition rate for Gal is almost equal to that of Glc. p-GA does not exert an intestinal absorption inhibitory effect on Fru.

FIG. 12 compares the absorption inhibition rate for L-tryptophan (L-Trp), which is a protein hydrolysis product, with the absorption inhibition rate for L-phenylalanine (L-Phe).

In this case, the absorption inhibitory rate for L-Phe is about 42% (see the 60-minute value of the control solution 3 and the experimental solution 3b in FIG. 3), but the absorption inhibitory rate for L-Trp is about 57%. Thus, it is higher than that of L-Phe.

E. About the amount of p-GA added The upper limit of the proper amount of lipid that a person ingests per day is about 25% of total energy, and if the amount of lipid ingested exceeds that amount, it means that the diet is high in fat. It is being appreciated. Therefore, 1
If the total daily energy is 2000 kcal, the proper lipid intake is 56 g.

However, with the westernization of eating habits, the daily lipid intake may be as high as 100 g. At such time, if p-GA is added to the high-fat food, , The absorption inhibition rate of 60 to 70% by p-GA can be effectively used, and therefore, it is substantially 30.
Since this means that 40 g of lipid has been taken, the amount of lipid taken can be kept within an appropriate range.

In order to obtain such an effect, one-tenth of the experimental value in rats is used as a guide for human dosage, and therefore, when preparing a high-fat food, a high-fat main ingredient is used. In addition, 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of the lipid content of p-G
A may be added. In this case, if the added amount of p-GA is less than 0.01% by weight, the above effect cannot be obtained, while if the added amount exceeds 0.1% by weight, bitterness is added to the high-fat food, which is not preferable.

For example, since 100 g of fresh cream contains 20 g of lipid, p-GA is 0.002-0.02 when the fresh cream is the main component having high lipid content.
g is added. The amount of fat contained in potato chips is about 35.
% By weight, and the lipid content of mayonnaise is about 72.5% by weight.

The amount of i-GA added is set to 0.1 to 1% by weight of the above-mentioned lipid content, because its gymnemic acid content is lower than that of p-GA.

When glycyrrhizin, which has a chemical structure similar to that of gymnemic acid, was tested in the same manner as in the first and second test examples, it was found that glycyrrhizin did not exert an intestinal absorption inhibitory effect on each nutrient. confirmed.

[0051]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, the addition of purified gymnematic acid or the above acidic precipitate to a high-lipid main component suppresses the absorption of lipid hydrolysis products from the intestinal tract, and Obesity due to excessive intake can be reliably prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between perfusion time and the amount of oleic acid absorbed from the intestinal tract.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between perfusion time and the amount of glucose absorbed from the intestinal tract.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between perfusion time and the amount of L-phenylalanine absorbed from the intestinal tract.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the amount of oleic acid absorbed from the intestinal tract in a mixed control solution and the like.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the amount of glucose absorbed from the intestinal tract in a mixed control solution and the like.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the amount of L-phenylalanine absorbed from the intestinal tract in a mixed control solution and the like.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the amount of oleic acid absorbed from the intestinal tract in Control Solution 1 and the like.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the amount of glucose absorbed from the intestinal tract in Control Solution 1 and the like.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the amount of L-phenylalanine absorbed from the intestinal tract in Control Solution 1 and the like.

FIG. 10: p-G for various hydrolysis products of lipid
It is a graph which shows the absorption suppression rate by A.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the absorption inhibition rate by p-GA for various sugars.

FIG. 12 shows various hydrolysis products of proteins,
It is a graph which shows the absorption suppression rate by p-GA.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 4, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Claims]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0005

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0005]

A high-fat food having obesity-preventing ability according to the present invention comprises a high-lipid main component and gymnematic acid.
It is characterized by including and.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0007

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0007] formic Munema acid, India, is a plant native to Africa and China Gymnema sylvestre (Gymnem
those obtained from leaves or stems of a sylvestre), when ingested and formic <br/> high lipid principal components and Munema acid This simultaneously formic arm <br/> Nema acid inhibits the formation of the micelles Exert an effect.
As a result, absorption of the hydrolysis product of lipids from the intestinal tract is suppressed, and thus obesity due to ingestion of a high-lipid main component can be reliably prevented.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0008

[Correction method] Delete

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0010

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0010]

EXAMPLE First, purified gymnemic acid (hereinafter referred to as p-GA) was produced through the following steps. In addition, p-G
In addition to being pure, the concept of A has many Gymnema
Also included are those that include acid analogs.

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0051

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0051]

According to the present invention, to prevent the hydrolysis products of lipid is absorbed from the intestine, the high lipid foods that can reliably prevent obesity due to excessive intake of lipids
Can be provided .

[Procedure Amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Figure 8

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the amount of glucose absorbed from the intestinal tract in Control Solution 2 and the like.

[Procedure Amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Figure 9

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the amount of L-phenylalanine absorbed from the intestinal tract in Control Solution 3 and the like.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A high-fat food having an obesity-preventing ability, which is characterized by adding purified gymnematic acid to a high-lipid main component. 2. A high-fat food having an obesity-preventing ability, characterized in that an acidic precipitate of an extract component obtained from Gymnema sylvestre is added to the high-lipid main component.