JPH06342467A - Memory access device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate operations and to accelerate processing speed by calculating and copying a copy source rectangle according to a start pointer and direction data set to the copy source rectangle. CONSTITUTION:The width (horizontal size) and height (vertical size) of a memory are decided by setting values to a total horizontal size register 41 and a total vertical size register 42, and the rectangle of a total memory area is set. Further, the width and height of the copy source rectangle are decided by setting arbitrary values to a horizontal size register and a vertical size register, and a rectangular area to transfer data. Then, a copy destination rectangle is generated by the copy processing of rectangular data transfer means 48-51 by setting the start address of the copy source rectangle to a pointer register 45, setting a vertical direction to a direction setting register 46, setting vertical and horizontal directions to a copy destination pointer register 46 and setting the start address of the copy destination to a copy destination pointer register 47.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a memory access device suitable for use in a memory for bit manipulation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in computer systems,
When accessing the built-in memory, access is performed in byte units or word units. To access the memory, access (reading and writing) is usually performed in byte units or word units from the lower memory address to the upper memory address.

When accessing a rectangular area of the memory, it is easy to access in the horizontal direction (sequential address order), but when accessing in the vertical direction, the address containing the corresponding bit is expressed in byte units. It was necessary to access and perform bit operation (shift or mask etc.) to synthesize.

For example, when a rectangular area 4A on the memory as shown in FIG. 4A is copied to a rectangular area 4B on the memory as shown in FIG. 4B, the address A1 is used.
It is realized by accessing -1, B1-1, A1-2, B1-2, ... In this order. However, in order to obtain the data as shown in FIG. 7D, which is obtained by rotating the rectangular area 4A as shown in FIG.
As shown in, the addresses A1-3, A2-3, A3-
It is necessary to access in the order of 3, ..., Combine and copy the least significant bit while performing bit manipulation. In the figure, reference numeral 4A is a copy source rectangular area, and in this case, the width is 24
It represents an area of 24 bits in the vertical direction. One square is composed of 8 bits, and the upper left is indicated by address A1-1 and the lower right is indicated by address A24-3. Reference numeral 4B is a copy destination rectangular area, and here, an example is shown in which the rectangular area 4A is copied as it is. Reference numeral 4C is a copy destination rectangular area, and here, an example is shown in which the rectangular area 4A is copied in a state of being rotated 90 degrees to the left.

[0005]

As described above, according to the conventional example, it is easy to copy the rectangular area as it is, but when rotating or mirror copying, byte or word units are used. Therefore, there is a problem that the data is read, and a process of performing a bit operation such as a shift and a mask to synthesize the data is required, and thus the operation becomes complicated and it takes a lot of time to access.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a memory access device capable of rotating data stored in a certain rectangular area and processing mirrors and the like only by a simple data setting operation, facilitating the operation and increasing the processing speed. .

[0007]

A memory access device according to the present invention includes a horizontal total size register and a vertical total size register (FIG. 2) showing a total memory area when a memory is accessed.
41 and 42) and a horizontal size register and a vertical size register (reference numeral 43, FIG. 44), a start pointer register indicating the bit position to start access within this rectangle, a direction register (reference numerals 45 and 46 in FIG. 2) in which the access direction is set, and a copy destination pointer address indicating the copy destination. A pointer register (reference numeral 47 in FIG. 2) and, when copying the copy source rectangular data to the rectangular area indicated by the copy destination pointer, set the start pointer set for the copy source rectangle and the address including the corresponding bit according to the direction data. Rectangular data transfer means (reference numeral 48 in FIG. 2) for accessing in units and performing arithmetic operations to execute copying.
To 51) are included.

[0008]

The width (horizontal size) and height (vertical size) of the memory are set by setting values in the total horizontal size register (reference numeral 41 in FIG. 2) and the total vertical size register (reference numeral 42 in FIG. 2).
Is determined, and the rectangle (A in FIG. 3) of the total memory area is set. Further, by setting arbitrary values in the horizontal size register (reference numeral 43 in FIG. 2) and the vertical size register (reference numeral 44 in FIG. 2), the width and height of the copy source rectangle are determined, and the rectangular area (data in FIG. 3) to be transferred. B) is set. Copy source rectangle (reference numeral 45 in FIG. 3) to the pointer register (reference numeral 45 in FIG. 2).
Start address of the direction setting register (4 in Figure 2
By setting the vertical and horizontal directions in 6) and the start address of the copy destination in the copy destination pointer register (reference numeral 47 in FIG. 2), rectangular data transfer means (reference numerals 48 to 51 in FIG. 2) are set.
A copy destination rectangle (reference numeral C in FIG. 3) is generated by the copy processing. The start positions indicated by the respective start pointers at this time are indicated by B-1 to B-4 in FIG. 3B, and variations of the copy destination rectangle are indicated by C01 to C08 in FIG. 3C. As a result, the data stored in a certain rectangular area can be rotated, mirrored, and the like by simply performing the data setting operation, so that the operation can be facilitated and the processing speed can be increased.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a CPU which is a control center of the system. Reference numeral 2 is a system RAM to which a program area and a work area are allocated.

Reference numeral 3 is a memory access controller, which is functionally a rectangular transfer hardware circuit 4 (Bit-
BLT hardware) and output control circuit 5 (P
RT / CRTC).

The rectangular transfer hardware circuit 4 is a drawing circuit that performs bit operation and executes data transfer in a rectangular area at high speed. The internal structure of the rectangular transfer hardware circuit 4 will be described later with reference to FIG.

The output control circuit 5 is a memory reference circuit for generating an address for displaying data on a display device such as a printing device (PRT) or a CRT display which is a utilization device.

Reference numeral 6 is a bitmap memory in which display or print data is stored in a bitmap format.
Reference numeral 7 is a utilization device (PRT / CRT) including a printer for printing the data stored in the bitmap memory 6 or a CRT display for displaying the data.

Reference numeral 8 is a system bus, which is composed of a plurality of data / address / control lines, and is directly or indirectly connected to the above-mentioned component blocks (1 to 7) in common.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the rectangular transfer hardware circuit 4 shown in FIG. 1 which constitutes the raster operation circuit. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 41 is a total horizontal size register, and reference numeral 42 is a total vertical size register. The vertical and horizontal total memory areas are set in the total horizontal size register 41 and the total vertical size register 42.

Reference numeral 43 is a horizontal size register, and reference numeral 44.
Is the vertical size register. In the horizontal size register 43 and the vertical size register 44, vertical and horizontal rectangular areas to be accessed are set.

Reference numeral 45 is a pointer register, and reference numeral 46 is a direction setting register. A start address for starting access is set in the pointer register 45 in the rectangular area set in the horizontal size register 43 and the vertical size register 44, and an access direction is set in the direction setting register 46.

Reference numeral 47 is a copy destination pointer register, and the start address of the copy destination is set in this register 47. Reference numerals 48 to 51 are components of rectangular data transfer means for executing a copy by accessing an address including a corresponding bit in a bit unit according to a start pointer and direction data set for the copy source rectangle and performing a copy operation. .

Reference numeral 48 is an address operation circuit, one input terminal of which is supplied with the data selected by the selector circuit 49 from the outputs of the registers 41 to 47, and the other input terminal of which is the output of the address update circuit 50. Is supplied,
The address calculation for updating the address is executed.

Reference numeral 51 is a data operation circuit, which performs a bit operation operation on the source data and the data corresponding to the address generated by the address operation circuit 48,
The bit operation content is written to the memory address designated by the address calculation circuit 48.

FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing the operation of the embodiment of the present invention on a memory. In the figure, A is a total memory area, and the width (horizontal size) and height (vertical size) of the memory are determined by setting values in the total horizontal size register 41 and the total vertical size register 42, and the entire rectangle is Is set. Reference numeral B is a copy source rectangle, and by setting arbitrary values in the horizontal size register 43 and the vertical size register 44, the width and height are determined, and the rectangular area for data transfer is set. Reference numeral C is a copy destination rectangle, and indicates a rectangle having an area equal to or larger than the copy source rectangle B. The copy destination rectangle C is generated by setting the start address of the copy source rectangle B in the pointer register 45, the vertical and horizontal directions in the direction setting register 46, and the copy destination start address in the copy destination pointer register 47. . In the figure, B-1 to B-4 are start pointers, and C01 to C08 are variations of the copy destination rectangle.

The operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, first, the CPU
1 generates data according to the program stored in the system RAM 2, converts the data into a dot pattern via a pattern memory (not shown), and stores the content in the work RAM similarly allocated to the system RAM 2.

The rectangular transfer hardware circuit 4 performs operations such as copying, rotating, and mirroring on the contents in the work RAM and stores them in another area of the work RAM. If necessary, the data is written in the bit map memory 6 and read via the output control circuit 5, and the utilization device 7
The desired display or print result is obtained via.

The data operation by the rectangular transfer hardware circuit 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. First, the CPU 1 determines the width of the rectangle by determining the total memory area A shown in FIG. 3A, and specifies the copy source rectangle B in the area A. Further, as shown in FIG.
By designating a start pointer for the copy source rectangle B, eight kinds of copies (C10-0
8) is possible.

For example, when copying like CO2 shown in FIG. 3C, "B-2" is set in the pointer register 45.
Is set, and the direction setting register 46 is set to "down". Then, an arbitrary address of the copy destination is set in the copy destination pointer register 47.

As a result, the address operation circuit 48 performs the address operation, the data for the address generated here is accessed, the data operation circuit 51 performs the bit operation, and the data writing process to the memory is executed. It This operation is repeated for the addresses generated by the address update circuit 50 (corresponding to the rectangular area B), and the copy operation is performed.

In FIG. 3C, the patterns indicated by CO1 to CO4 are rotations. When copying like CO8, the start pointer is set to "B-4" and the direction is set to "left". The pattern of CO5 to CO8 is mirror and rotation.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention,
The rotation operation, the mirror operation, etc. of the data written in a certain rectangular area can be performed only by performing the above-mentioned simple setting, and the operation can be facilitated and the processing speed can be increased.

The rectangular data transfer control mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention described above is suitable for use in image transfer.
Not limited to this, for example, the same effect can be obtained even when used for vertical / horizontal conversion of a printer.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the rotation operation of data written in a certain rectangular area, the mirror operation, etc. can be performed only by a simple setting operation, facilitating the operation and increasing the processing speed. Can be speeded up.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a rectangular transfer hardware circuit shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing the operation of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram conceptually showing an operation according to a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... CPU, 2 ... System RAM, 3 ... Memory access controller, 4 ... Rectangular transfer hardware circuit (Bit)
-BLT hardware), 5 ... Output control circuit (PRT / CRTC), 41 ... Total horizontal size register,
42 ... Total vertical size register, 43 ... Horizontal size register, 44 ... Vertical size register, 45 ... Pointer register, 46 ... Direction setting register, 47 ... Copy destination pointer register, 48 ... Address arithmetic circuit, 49 ... Selector, 5
0 ... Address update circuit, 51 ... Data operation circuit.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A memory, a horizontal total size register and a vertical total size register indicating a total memory area when accessing the memory, and a transfer for executing access among the total memory areas set in the respective total size registers. A horizontal size register and a vertical size register indicating the original rectangular area, a start pointer register indicating the bit position to start access within this rectangle, a direction register indicating the access direction, and a copy destination pointer to which the copy destination address is set. When copying the register and the copy source rectangle data to the rectangular area according to the copy destination pointer, the address including the corresponding bit is accessed bit by bit according to the start pointer and direction data set for the copy source rectangle, and arithmetic operation is performed. And a rectangular data transfer means for executing copying. Memory access device. 2. The memory access device according to claim 1, wherein a bit pointer including a rotation or a mirror operation is performed via the rectangular data transfer means by setting a start pointer and an access direction for a copy source rectangle.