JPH06338707A - Circulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the circulator small-sized, wide-band, small-loss, and/or low-cost by providing a coil conductor, which has a pattern of at least one turn around an intermediate insulating magnetic body layer, and upper and lower insulating magnetic body layers which surround a part of the coil conductor in the close contact state. CONSTITUTION:A coil conductor 10 which has a pattern of at least one turn around an intermediate insulating magnetic layer 12 is provided. Upper and lower insulating magnetic body layers 11 and 13 are formed so as to surround this coil conductor 10 in the close contact state. Consequently, the overall length of the coil pattern is extended, and further, it is formed so as to be buried in magnetic layers 11 to 13 and a required inductance value is secured regardless of the compact shape. Since insulating magnetic body layers 11 and 13 are formed so as to surround the coil conductor 10 in the close contact state, a discontinuous part does not exist in the magnetic body. Therefore, a demagnetizing field is scarecely generated because a high frequency magnetic flux forms a continuous close loop in a magnetic rotor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an integrated circulator used for radio equipment used in a microwave band or the like, for example, mobile radio equipment such as a mobile phone.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional lumped constant type circulator has a magnetic rotor having a basic structure as shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 200 is a circular non-magnetic substrate made of glass epoxy resin or the like, and coil conductors (inner conductors) 201 and 202 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the non-magnetic substrate 200. The coil conductors 201 and 202 are connected to each other by a via hole 203 penetrating the non-magnetic substrate 200. Circular magnetic members 204 and 205 are attached in an assembly manner so as to sandwich the non-magnetic substrate 200 on which the coil conductors 201 and 202 are formed from both sides,
The high-frequency electric power applied to the coil conductors 201 and 202 is configured to generate rotating high-frequency magnetic flux in the magnetic members 204 and 205. As described above, the conventional magnetic rotor has a circular shape, and the magnetic members 20 are provided on both sides of the non-magnetic substrate 200 on which the coil conductor is formed.
4 and 205 are simply stacked and adhered.

As shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 21, the circulator as a whole has magnetic members 204 and 205, a ground conductor electrode 206, and magnetic members 204 and 205 on both sides of this non-magnetic substrate 200 on which a coil conductor 201 (202) is formed. 207, excitation permanent magnets 208 and 209, and split-type metal housings 210 and 21 that are divided into upper and lower parts and form a magnetic flux path from the excitation permanent magnets 208 and 209.
1 is formed by stacking, assembling, and fixing 1 in this order.

When high frequency power is applied to the coil conductors 201 and 202 via an input / output terminal (not shown), the coil conductors 201 and 20 are placed inside the magnetic members 204 and 205.
A high frequency magnetic flux that rotates around 2 is generated. When a DC magnetic field orthogonal to this high-frequency magnetic flux is applied from the permanent magnets 208 and 209, the magnetic members 204 and 205 move to the position shown in FIG.
As shown in, the magnetic permeability μ ₊ and μ ₋ differ depending on the rotating direction of the high frequency magnetic flux. The circulator utilizes the fact that the propagation speed of a high-frequency signal differs depending on the rotation direction due to such a difference in magnetic permeability, and as a result, the signal propagation to a specific terminal can be stopped by the canceling effect in the magnetic rotor. Of. The non-propagation terminal is set in an angular relationship with the drive terminal due to the properties of magnetic permeability μ ₊ and μ ₋ . For example, the terminal A along a certain rotation direction,
Assuming that B and C are arranged in this order, when the non-propagating terminal for the drive terminal A is the terminal B, the non-propagating terminal for the drive terminal B is the terminal C.

[0005]

The circulator is widely used as a useful element for preventing interference between amplifiers and protecting a power amplifier from reflected power in mobile radio equipment such as a mobile phone. With the spread and miniaturization of the circulator, the circulator itself is required to be further miniaturized, widened in band, reduced in loss, and reduced in price. In order to meet such a demand, a circulator with a large difference between the magnetic permeabilities μ ₊ and μ ₋ and a small loss in the drive circuit is required.

However, in the conventional circulator,
When the drive line is sandwiched by the two divided magnetic members 204 and 205, the magnetic path is blocked by the non-magnetic substrate 200. For this reason, a demagnetizing field is generated at the boundary surface between the magnetic members 204 and 205 and the non-magnetic substrate 200, and as a result, the magnetic permeability is inevitably reduced, so that the above request cannot be sufficiently satisfied. .

As a structure for increasing the inductance in order to lower the resonance frequency, there are known methods such as winding a coil wire around a magnetic material and using a ribbon loop electrode. However, the former structure of winding a wire around a magnetic body is not suitable for mass production, and thus has not been put into practical use at all. Also,
Regarding the latter structure using the ribbon loop electrode, an ultra-small circulator has been developed. (1) Due to the open coil structure, it is easily affected by external electromagnetic fields and the housing and magnet are separated. Since it has to be installed, it is impossible to make a practical miniaturization,
(2) Since the magnetic material is present only on one side of the ribbon loop, there is a problem that the volume of the magnetic material is small and the difference between μ ₊ and μ ₋ does not effectively increase.

Further, in the conventional circulator, the magnetic rotor has a circular planar shape, and therefore when a circuit element (resonance capacitor, matching resistor, etc.) is externally attached to the terminal on the side surface, the overall size is large. It also had the inconvenience of becoming.

Furthermore, in the conventional circulator, since the housing constituting the magnetic yoke is constructed by mechanically assembling the two parts 210 and 211, the magnetic field of the exciting magnetic path is reduced. The resistance was very high, and the assembly work required a lot of work.

Therefore, the present invention provides a circulator which can be miniaturized, widened in band, reduced in loss, and / or reduced in cost.

[0011]

According to the present invention, the magnetic rotor of the circulator has at least one intermediate insulating magnetic layer and the intermediate insulating magnetic layer sandwiched therebetween.
A coil conductor having a turn-wound pattern and upper and lower insulating magnetic material layers formed so as to surround a part of the coil conductor in a close contact state are provided.

As described above, the coil conductor having a pattern in which at least one turn is wound with the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer sandwiched is provided, and the upper and lower insulating magnetic material layers surround the coil conductor in a close state. Since the coil pattern is formed, the total length of the coil pattern becomes long, and further, the coil pattern is formed so as to be embedded in the magnetic layer, so that it is possible to secure an inductance of a required value while having a compact shape. Further, since the insulating magnetic material layer is formed so as to surround the coil conductor in a close contact state, there is no discontinuity in the magnetic material. For this reason, a high-frequency magnetic flux forms a continuous closed loop in the magnetic rotor, so that a demagnetizing field hardly occurs.

The coil conductor may include an internal conductor having a predetermined pattern formed on the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer and the lower insulating magnetic material layer, and a jumper conductor connecting the ends of the internal conductor to each other. preferable.

It is preferable that the inner conductor, the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer, and the upper and lower insulating magnetic material layers are integrally fired. In this way, since the insulating magnetic body is integrally fired, there are no discontinuities in the magnetic body. As a result, a high-frequency magnetic flux forms a continuous closed loop in the magnetic rotor, so that no demagnetizing field is generated.

It is desirable that the insulating magnetic layer is made of a magnetic material having a sintering end temperature higher than the melting point of the internal conductor.

In this case, the inner conductor is composed of molten metal.

The inner conductor may be made of a conductor material having a melting point higher than the sintering completion temperature of the insulating magnetic material.

A ground conductor layer is preferably formed on the outer surfaces of the upper and lower insulating magnetic layers.

The circulator of the present invention as a whole has one coil conductor in close contact with an intermediate insulating magnetic material layer and a coil conductor having a pattern in which the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer is wound at least one turn. A magnetic rotor composed of upper and lower insulating magnetic material layers formed so as to surround the portion, and a plurality of terminal electrodes provided on the side surface of the magnetic rotor and electrically connected to one end of the internal conductor, , A circuit element coupled to the terminal electrode, and an exciting permanent magnet for applying a DC magnetic field to the magnetic rotor.

The circuit element described above may be a plurality of capacitors electrically coupled to the terminal electrodes to resonate with the applied frequency.

The above-mentioned circuit element may be an external circuit element externally attached to the terminal electrode, or may be an internal circuit element integrally formed with the magnetic rotor in the magnetic rotor.

It is preferable that a metal housing having a continuous magnetic path is closely fixed to the exciting permanent magnet.
By configuring the magnetic path for excitation to be continuous without a break, the magnetic resistance becomes extremely small, and the characteristics can be significantly improved.

The planar shape of the magnetic rotor is a polygon, preferably a hexagon. With the polygonal shape, when a circuit element is externally attached to the side surface, the vacant space can be effectively used without increasing the overall size.

The pattern of the inner conductor is preferably a pattern having a plurality of strips each extending in a plurality of radial directions having symmetry on the same plane.

The strip may include straight strips.

It is also preferred that the pattern of inner conductors comprises at least one linear strip extending in a single predetermined direction in the same plane.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view schematically showing the structure of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic rotor of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall configuration of the circulator of this embodiment, FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the circulator of this embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a part of the manufacturing process of the magnetic rotor of this embodiment. Is.

As shown in these figures, the circulator of this embodiment is a three-terminal type, and therefore the magnetic rotor is formed so that its planar shape is a regular hexagon. However, if the structure can generate a uniform rotating magnetic field,
The shape does not always have to be a regular hexagon, and may be a hexagon or another polygon. By making the planar shape of the magnetic rotor such a polygonal shape, when a circuit element such as a resonance capacitor is externally attached to the side surface, the vacant space can be effectively used, and the overall size can be improved. Can be kept small.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 designates a coil conductor which is surrounded by an insulating magnetic material and wound by two turns. The insulating magnetic material is composed of an upper insulating magnetic material layer 11, an intermediate insulating magnetic material layer 12, and a lower insulating magnetic material layer 13, which are integrally sintered into a continuous layer. . As shown in FIG. 2, the coil conductor 10 has a predetermined pattern of internal conductors 1 formed on the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer 12 and the lower insulating magnetic material layer 13, respectively.
4 and 15, and a coil jumper conductor 16 for connecting the ends of the inner conductors 14 and 15 exposed from the side surface of the magnetic rotor after being laminated and fired. In this embodiment, the inner conductors 14 and 15 each have a coil pattern of two linear strips extending in the same direction.

One end of the coil conductor 10 has one end of the magnetic rotor.
It is exposed on one side surface and electrically connected to a terminal electrode (not shown). A ground conductor 17 is provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnetic rotor, and the ground conductor 17 and the other end of the coil conductor 10 exposed on the above-mentioned side surface are electrically connected to each other. A conductor jumper conductor 18 is provided. 1 and 2, one terminal A
Although the coil conductor 10 and the like are shown only for, the coil conductor and the like similar to this are actually provided for the three terminals A, B and C.

In the circulator as a whole, as shown in FIG. 3, the resonance capacitors 31a, 31b and 31 are connected to the three terminal electrodes of the magnetic rotor 30 thus constructed.
c is electrically connected. These capacitors 31
As a, 31b, and 31c, a through-type high frequency capacitor having a high self-resonant frequency is used, as described in the specification of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-251262 and the drawings which the applicant of the present invention has already proposed and published. This high-frequency capacitor is a multi-layer triplate in which at least one unit of a multi-layered body in which a grounding conductor, a dielectric, an inner conductor, and a dielectric are stacked in this order, and further a grounding conductor and a dielectric are further stacked in this order. -It has a stripline structure. By using such a penetrating capacitor having a wide operating frequency range, it is possible to prevent a decrease in Q. The connection mode between the terminal electrode and the capacitor is as shown in the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.

Above and below the magnetic rotor 30, exciting permanent magnets 32 for applying a DC magnetic field to the magnetic rotor 30.
And 33 are attached respectively. Permanent magnet 32
33 and 33, and a housing assembling structure not shown in FIG. 3 will be described later.

Next, the manufacturing process of the circulator of this embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 5A, an upper sheet 50, an intermediate sheet 51, and a lower sheet 52 made of the same insulating magnetic material, and substrate sheets 53a and 53b on which internal conductors are printed, 53c, 54a, 54b and 5
4c and 4c are prepared. Yttrium iron garnet (hereinafter referred to as YIG) is used as the magnetic material, and this is formed into a sheet having the following component ratio. However, the upper sheet 50 and the lower sheet 52 are usually 100 to 20.
The sheet thickness obtained by laminating a plurality of 0 μm (preferably 160 μm) sheets is about 0.5 mm, and the intermediate sheet 51 is usually a sheet thickness obtained by laminating a plurality of 100-200 μm (preferably 160 μm) sheets. 0 mm, the substrate sheets 53a, 53b, 53c, 54a, 54
The sheets b and 54c have a sheet thickness of about 160 μm. YIG powder 61.8% by weight Binder 5.9% by weight Solvent 32.3% by weight

Substrate sheets 53a, 53b, 53c, 54
The upper inner conductors 55a, 55b and 55c and the lower inner conductors 56a, 56b and 56c, which correspond in number to the number of turns of the coil, are silver paste on the upper surfaces of a, 54b and 54c.
It is formed by printing or transferring a palladium paste or a silver-palladium paste, respectively. The upper sheet 50, the substrate sheet 53c, the substrate sheet 53b, the substrate sheet 53a, the intermediate sheet 51, the substrate sheet 54c, the substrate sheet 54b, the substrate sheet 54a, and the lower sheet 52 formed in this manner are stacked in this order and then added. Stack in the hot pressurization process. As a result, three-fold symmetrical coil patterns are arranged on both front and back surfaces of the intermediate sheet 51, and the propagation characteristics between the terminals of the three-terminal circulator are matched with each other due to the symmetry.

The sheets stacked in this way are mixed with the melting point of the inner conductor (for example, about 96 when the inner conductor is silver).
Baking is performed at a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher, for example, 1450 ° C. The firing may be performed once or may be performed multiple times. In the case of multiple times, the baking is performed at least once at the melting point. By this sintering, a continuous integral magnetic body block is obtained.

The sintering completion temperature of the magnetic material YIG is higher than the melting point of the internal conductor (for example, silver or silver-palladium). Therefore, in the above firing step, the conductor (for example, silver or silver-palladium) is first sealed. After melting in the state, the magnetic material is sintered. Such an element manufacturing method has already been proposed and published by the present applicant as an internal conductor melting method (JP-A-5-183314, JP-A-5-3157).
57). According to such an internal conductor melting method, the internal conductor is melted, the structure is densified, the contact state of the conductor is improved, and the line loss is reduced.

In the above-described internal conductor melting method, the temperature at the time of simultaneously firing the insulating element body and the internal conductor is set to the melting point of the conductor or higher, and the internal conductor is melted to make the structure dense and the conductor powder used. This substantially eliminates the grain boundary in the inner conductor that is generated. When forming a pattern with a conductor paste, it is preferable to use a conductor powder (silver powder) having a silver content of 90% by weight or more, particularly a purity of 99% by weight or more. The content of the conductor powder in the conductor paste is 60 to 95% by weight, particularly 70 to 90% by weight.
Is desirable. Further, it has a softening point near the melting point of the conductor powder in order to reduce the generation of a network structure after melting.
A glass frit of 0% by volume or less may be added to the conductor powder.

In FIG. 5A, the upper sheet 5
0, intermediate sheet 51, lower sheet 52, and substrate sheets 53a, 53b, 53c, 54a, 54b and 54c.
Are described as being separated into regular hexagons.
In practice, it is desirable in terms of mass production to cut each magnetic rotor before sintering or after sintering while stacking sheets in which the internal conductors of a large number of magnetic rotors are printed and arranged.
When cut before sintering, a large number of regular hexagonal magnetic rotors obtained by cutting are fired as described above. Whether to cut before sintering or after sintering is selected depending on the type of metal used for the internal conductor and the cutting method. For example, when silver is used as the internal conductor, it is cut after firing so that the silver does not flow out due to melting. When palladium is used as the internal conductor, it can be cut before firing.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing an arrangement example of the magnetic rotors on the sheet. As shown in the figure, an upper sheet 50, an intermediate sheet 51, and a lower sheet 52.
And substrate sheets 53a, 53b, 53c, 54a, 54b and 54c having a large number of internal conductors printed on the upper surface thereof.
Are prepared, these are stacked in the order shown in the figure and baked, and then cut into individual pieces. When the arrangement of the magnetic rotors on the sheet is as shown in FIG. 5, the cutting is easy because it is linear and can be cut even after firing.
The unnecessary material area increases. The arrangement of the magnetic rotors on the sheet may be an arrangement that is easy to cut as shown in FIG. 6 or may be an arrangement other than this.

FIG. 7 is a plan layout view for explaining a cutting process in another arrangement example of the magnetic rotors on the sheet. In the example shown in the figure, hexagons are densely arranged so that there is no space between adjacent magnetic rotors.
This arrangement is advantageous in terms of material yield.
First, as shown in (A) of the figure, the sheets on which the patterns are printed so that the hexagons are densely arranged are stacked. Next, make snaps along the boundaries of each hexagon. Next, the hexagonal magnetic rotor portion a shown in FIG. 7B is separated by punching once. Next, the hexagonal magnetic rotor portion b is separated by punching once.
The hexagonal magnetic rotor portion c is obtained by punching twice.
Can also be separated and all magnetic rotors will be cut. The magnetic rotor thus cut is fired as described above.

After cutting and firing, each magnetic rotor was
The inner conductor exposed on the side surface by barrel polishing is exposed, and the corner of the sintered body is chamfered. After that, a coil jumper conductor, a ground conductor jumper conductor, and a terminal electrode are formed on each side surface of the magnetic rotor, and a ground conductor 57 is formed on the upper and lower surfaces thereof by baking. For example, in FIG.
(B) front side surface (side surface where the terminal A exists)
For, regarding the coil jumper conductor 58a for electrically connecting the inner conductors 55a and 56a exposed on the side surface, one end of the inner conductor 55a (and hence the coil conductor) exposed on the side surface, and the upper and lower surfaces. Ground conductor 57
And a grounding conductor jumper conductor 59a for electrically connecting
And a terminal electrode 60a electrically connected to the other end of the inner conductor 56a (and thus the coil conductor) exposed on this side surface.
To form. Also, with respect to the right side surface (side surface for folding the coil with respect to the terminal C), the coil jumper conductors 61c and 62c for electrically connecting the internal conductors 54c and 55c exposed on the side surface, respectively.
To form. As a result, three sets of coil conductors, which start from the terminal electrode and are wound two turns in the magnetic body and connected to the ground conductor and ended, are formed.

The magnetic rotor completed in this way has a regular hexagonal planar shape inscribed in a circle having a diameter of 4 mm, and its thickness is 1 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, the resonance capacitor 31 is attached to each terminal electrode (46) of the magnetic rotor.
A, 31b and 31c are assembled and soldered by a reflow method or the like. After that, an exciting permanent magnet for applying a DC magnetic field and a metal housing that also serves as a magnetic yoke are assembled to complete a circulator.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view and a perspective view showing the structure of the housing itself and the structure of the circulator in which the exciting permanent magnet and the housing are assembled to the magnetic rotor. When assembling the housing, first, as shown in FIG.
Exciting permanent magnets 82 and 83 are respectively stacked on the upper and lower surfaces of the magnetic rotor 80 attached to the alternate side surfaces. Then, by pressing the insulator supports 84 and 85 from the side surfaces, the magnetic rotor 80 and the exciting permanent magnets 82 and 83 are supported. At that time, a connection lead 87a having cream solder adhered between the input / output terminal 86a provided on the insulator supports 84 and 85 and the resonance capacitor 81a (or the takeout terminal) attached to the magnetic rotor 80. Hold it and press it down mechanically. The connection lead 87a is made of, for example, an elastic U-shaped thin copper strip. Also, the insulator supports 84 and 85 are molded of ceramic, glass epoxy resin, or other resin that withstands high temperatures.

Then, as shown in FIG. 6B, the magnetic rotor and exciting permanent magnet assembly 88 thus supported by the insulator supports 84 and 85 is closely contacted in the metal housing 89. Then, the caulking projection 90 is bent and fixed. As a result, the metal housing 89 and the exciting permanent magnets 82 and 83 are firmly fixed.
The metal housing 89 is made of a metal capable of operating as a magnetic yoke, preferably a steel plate, and the surface thereof is
It is plated with nickel or chromium. The housing 89 has a rectangular tube shape with two opposing surfaces open and the other surfaces continuous. The thus assembled product is passed through a reflow furnace to melt the solder, and the connection lead 87a and the input / output terminal 86a are connected, and the connection lead 87a and the resonance capacitor 81a (or the extraction terminal) are connected. FIG. 8C shows the circulator 91 completed in this way.

The operating frequency band and loss of the circulator are mostly determined by the performance of the magnetic rotor. That is, the larger the difference between the magnetic permeabilities μ ₊ and μ ₋ and the smaller the magnetic tangent and the resistance of the coil, the wider the band, and the lower the loss of the magnetic rotating element. If the magnetic permeability μ ₊ and μ ₋ are large and the number of turns of the coil is large (the coil length is large), the required inductance can be obtained even with a compact size. According to the magnetic rotor formed by using the internal conductor melting method as in this embodiment, the following advantages can be obtained. (1) Since the magnetic body is brought into a continuous state by sintering, the high frequency magnetic flux is closed in the magnetic rotor. As a result, since the demagnetizing field is not generated, the values of μ ₊ and μ ₋ are increased, and the size can be reduced in accordance with the increase in the inductance. (2) Since the magnetic body is brought into a continuous state by sintering, the high frequency magnetic flux is closed in the magnetic rotor. As a result, since the demagnetizing field is not generated, the difference between μ ₊ and μ ₋ becomes large and the operating frequency band becomes wide. (3) Since the coil conductor is formed by the melting method, the resistance becomes small and the loss becomes small. (4) Since the structure is suitable for mass production, the range of cost reduction due to the mass production effect becomes large. (5) Since the drive line has a three-story structure, there are no via holes. Therefore, not only the manufacturing process is simplified and facilitated, but also an increase in insertion loss can be suppressed. (6) Since the magnetic yoke has a continuous magnetic path that is not divided but is integrated and is fixed in close contact with the permanent magnet for excitation, the magnetic path for excitation becomes continuous without interruption, The magnetic resistance becomes very small, and the characteristics can be greatly improved.

FIG. 9 shows a circulator according to this embodiment (internal conductor melting method) and a conventional circulator (assembly type).
And the horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents insertion loss between non-propagation terminals and insertion loss between propagation terminals. It is clear from the figure that the circulator according to the present embodiment has the same size as the conventional circulator, but has a low operation center frequency and a small loss.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the structure of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a coil conductor is wound by one turn by an upper unit and a lower unit, and a hairpin-shaped line is formed by using one straight strip as a pattern of an internal conductor. 1 is different from that of the embodiment of FIG. 1, but other configurations, manufacturing methods, and magnetic material and conductor material will be described with reference to FIG.
This is the same as the case of the embodiment.

That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the substrate sheets 100a and 100b made of the same insulating magnetic material, the intermediate sheet 101, and the substrate sheets 102a and 102b are laminated in this order and integrally sintered. It is a continuous layer. Although not shown, the substrate sheet 100
Actually, an upper sheet and a lower sheet made of the same insulating magnetic material are laminated on a and below the substrate sheet 102b, respectively, and they are fired integrally with the above-mentioned sheet.

Substrate sheet 100 constituting the upper unit
b and the upper surface of the substrate sheet 102b constituting the lower unit, each one linear strip-shaped coil pattern extending in three radial directions (radial directions perpendicular to at least one side of the hexagon). Inner conductors (coil conductors) 103a, 103b and 103c,
a, 104b and 104c are formed respectively. Further, the inner conductors 10 having a crossover pattern are formed on the lower surfaces of the substrate sheets 100b and 102b and the upper surfaces of the substrate sheets 100a and 102a.
5b, 105d, 105a and 105c are formed respectively. Substrate sheets 100a, 100b, 102a
Via holes 106, 107, 108, and 109 penetrating these sheets are formed at predetermined positions of the holes 102 and 102b, and a via hole conductor having an area slightly larger than the diameter is formed at each via hole position. There is. With these via-hole conductors, the inner conductor 10
3a, 103b, 104a and 104b are internal conductors 105b, 105a, 1 for crossover.
05d and 105c, respectively, and the upper and lower units are connected by a coil jumper conductor (not shown) provided on the side surface of the magnetic rotor, thereby forming a coil conductor.
That is, one ends of the internal conductors 103a, 103b and 103c and one ends of the 104a, 104b and 104c are connected by a coil jumper conductor, respectively.

An example of the connection path will be described with reference to FIG. 10. Input / output terminal → one end of the inner conductor 104b → via hole 108 → inner conductor 105c for crossover → via hole 108 → other end of the inner conductor 104b → jumper conductor for coil. → One end of the inner conductor 103b → Via hole 1
06 → crossover inner conductor 105a → via hole 106 → other end of inner conductor 103b → ground terminal.
Ground conductors for the magnetic rotor are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower sheet (not shown), respectively.

In this embodiment, the pattern of the internal conductor is composed of one linear strip-shaped coil pattern extending in each direction, and most of the drive lines are formed on the same plane. , The high frequency symmetry of each terminal is very good. Further, since the number of via holes is relatively small, not only the manufacturing becomes easy, but also the increase of insertion loss can be suppressed. In addition, according to the data of the integrated inductor, it is known that when the coil completely closes with the end point after the coil start point, the inductance increases sharply. In the present embodiment, the coil conductor is almost closed. Since it is wound for one turn, a high inductance can be obtained even if it is small. Other operational effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the structure of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the coil conductor is 1.
As a pattern of 5 turns of winding, and as the internal conductor pattern of the upper unit, three sets of coil patterns each consisting of two strip-shaped patterns extending in the same radial direction while avoiding the via hole are used. 1 is different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that one linear strip is used as a pattern of the inner conductor of the side unit, but other configurations, manufacturing methods, magnetic materials and conductor materials are different. The same as in the embodiment of FIG.

That is, as shown in FIG. 11, the substrate sheet 110 and the intermediate sheet 111 made of the same insulating magnetic material are used.
And the substrate sheets 112a and 112b are laminated in this order and integrally sintered to form a continuous layer. In addition,
Although not shown, an upper sheet and a lower sheet made of the same insulative magnetic material are actually laminated on the substrate sheet 110 and below the substrate sheet 112b, respectively, and are fired integrally with the above-mentioned sheet. Has been done.

Substrate sheet 110 constituting the upper unit
Each set extends in the same radial direction on the upper surface and the lower surface of 2
Upper inner conductors 113a, 113b and 113c by three sets of coil patterns each consisting of a strip-shaped pattern of a book
In addition, lower inner conductors 114a, 114b and 114c are formed, respectively. At a predetermined position of the substrate sheet 110, a via hole 115 penetrating the sheet is provided.
a, 115b and 115c are formed. One ends of the upper inner conductors 113a, 113b and 113c and one ends of the lower inner conductors 114a, 114b and 114c are electrically connected to each other through the via hole conductors in the via holes 115a, 115b and 115c.

Substrate sheet 112 constituting the lower unit
The top surface of b has three radial directions (at least one hexagon
Inner conductors (coil conductors) 116a, 116b and 116c each formed of one linear strip-shaped coil pattern extending in the radial direction parallel to one side) are formed. Further, internal conductors 117a and 117b each having a crossover pattern are formed on the lower surface of the substrate sheet 112b and the upper surface of the substrate sheet 112a, respectively. Substrate sheets 112a and 112
Via holes 118 and 119 penetrating these sheets are formed at predetermined positions of b, and a via hole conductor having an area slightly larger than the diameter is formed at each via hole position. These via-hole conductors allow each strip of the inner conductors 116a and 116b to crossover inner conductors 117a and 117.
b, respectively.

Further, the upper and lower units are connected by a coil jumper conductor (not shown) provided on the side surface of the magnetic rotor, thereby forming a coil conductor. That is, the internal conductors 113a and 113b
And 113c and one ends of the inner conductors 116a, 116b and 116c are connected by a coil jumper conductor, respectively, and further, the inner conductors 116a and 116b.
And 116c and the other ends of the internal conductors 114a, 114b and 114c are connected by a coil jumper conductor.

An example of the connection path will be described with reference to FIG. 11. Input / output terminal → one strip of the internal conductor 114c → via hole 115c → one strip of the internal conductor 113c → jumper conductor for coil → internal conductor 116c.
End → the other end of the inner conductor 116c → the coil jumper conductor → the other strip of the inner conductor 114c → the via hole 115c → the other strip of the inner conductor 113c →
It becomes the ground terminal. Ground conductors for the magnetic rotor are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower sheet (not shown), respectively.

In this embodiment, since the coil conductor is wound for 1.5 turns in a substantially closed state, it is possible to obtain a higher inductance even with a small size. Other operational effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the construction of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the coil conductor is wound by two turns, and two strips each extending in the same radial direction while avoiding the via hole portion are formed as patterns of the inner conductor of the upper unit and the lower unit. 1 is different from that of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that three sets of coil patterns each having a circular pattern are used, but other configurations, manufacturing methods, and magnetic material and conductor material are different from those of FIG. This is similar to the case of the embodiment.

That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the substrate sheet 120a and the intermediate sheet 12 made of the same insulating magnetic material are used.
1, the substrate sheet 120b, and the lower sheet 122 are laminated in this order and integrally sintered to form a continuous layer. Although not shown, an upper sheet made of the same insulative magnetic material is actually stacked on the substrate sheet 120a, and is fired integrally with the above-mentioned sheet.

Substrate sheet 120 constituting the upper unit
On the upper surface of a and the upper surface of the intermediate sheet 121, an upper inner conductor 123a having three sets of coil patterns, each set having two strip-shaped patterns extending in the same radial direction,
123b and 123c and lower inner conductors 124a, 1
24b and 124c are formed, respectively. Via holes 125a, 125b and 125c penetrating the substrate sheet 120a are formed at predetermined positions. Upper inner conductors 123a, 123b and 12
One end of 3c and lower inner conductors 124a, 124b and 12
One end of 4c is via holes 125a, 125b and 1
They are electrically connected to each other via via-hole conductors in 25c.

Substrate sheet 120 constituting the lower unit
The upper inner conductors 126a, 126b and 126c and the lower inner conductors 127a, 127b and 127c are also formed on the upper surface of the upper surface b and the upper surface of the lower sheet 122 by three sets of similar coil patterns. . Via holes 128a penetrating the substrate sheet 120b at predetermined positions,
128b and 128c are formed. One ends of the upper inner conductors 126a, 126b and 126c and one ends of the lower inner conductors 127a, 127b and 127c are electrically connected to each other through the via hole conductors in the via holes 128a, 128b and 128c.

Further, the upper and lower units are connected by a coil jumper conductor (not shown) provided on the side surface of the magnetic rotor, thereby forming a coil conductor. That is, the inner conductors 123a and 123b
And 123c and one ends of the inner conductors 126a, 126b and 126c are connected by a coil jumper conductor, and further, the inner conductors 127a and 127b.
And one end of one of the strips 127c and the inner conductor 1
One end of one of the strips 24a, 124b and 124c is connected by a coil jumper conductor.

An example of the connection path will be described with reference to FIG. 12. Input / output terminal → one strip of the internal conductor 124b → via hole 125b → one strip of the internal conductor 123b → jumper conductor for coil → internal conductor 126b.
One strip → Via hole 128b → One strip of the inner conductor 127b → Coil jumper conductor → The other strip of the inner conductor 124b → Via hole 125b → The other strip of the inner conductor 123b → Coil jumper conductor → Inner conductor 126b Of the other strip → the via hole 128b → the other strip of the inner conductor 127b → the ground terminal. Ground conductors for a magnetic rotor are formed on the upper surface (not shown) and the lower surface of the lower sheet 122, respectively.

In this embodiment, since the coil conductor is wound for two turns in a substantially closed state, it is possible to obtain higher inductance even if it is small. Other operational effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment has exactly the same configuration and effect as the embodiment of FIG. 1 except that the pattern of the coil jumper conductor 131 provided by printing on the side surface of the magnetic rotor 130 is an oblique pattern. is there.

FIG. 14 shows the construction of a magnetic rotor and a connecting terminal board of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14A is a perspective view of the magnetic rotor, and FIG. Is an exploded perspective view of the connection terminal board, and (C) is a side view of the magnetic rotor. In this embodiment, only the terminals 141a, 141b, 141c and 141d connected to the internal conductors are provided on the side surface of the magnetic rotor 140 by printing, and the terminals for connection with the outside and jumper wires are used for the resonance capacitor. Is incorporated in an external connection terminal board 142 which has a built-in connector.

The connecting terminal board 142 is composed of a multi-layered dielectric board having a first dielectric layer 142a and a second dielectric layer 142b, as shown in FIG.
A coil jumper conductor 142c, an input / output terminal 142d, and a ground conductor 142e are provided on the surface and side surfaces of the first dielectric layer 142a by printing. A capacitor electrode 142f is provided by printing on the front surface of the second dielectric layer 142b, and a capacitor ground electrode 142g is provided by printing on the back surface thereof. When the connecting terminal board 142 is attached to the side surface of the magnetic rotor 140, the coil jumper conductor 142c connects the terminals 141b and 141c of the magnetic rotor 140 to each other, as is apparent from FIG. Connecting. Input / output terminal 142
d is electrically connected to the capacitor electrode 142f and is connected to the terminal 141a. The ground conductor 142e is connected to the terminal 14
1d and the ground conductor 140a provided on the upper surface of the magnetic rotor 140. Capacitor electrode 142f
A resonance capacitor is formed between the capacitor ground electrode 142g connected to the ground conductor 140a.

The internal structure of the magnetic rotor 140 in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in the embodiment of FIG. As in this embodiment, by using the external connection terminal board 142 in which the external connection terminal, the jumper wire and the like are built in together with the resonance capacitor, a jumper conductor, a ground conductor, etc. are provided on the side surface of the magnetic rotor. All of these wirings are completed only by performing the step of attaching the resonance capacitor without printing, and the manufacturing process is greatly simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the structure of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the resonance capacitor is integrally formed with the magnetic rotor by laminating a dielectric sheet and a capacitor electrode having the same shape as the magnetic sheet on the magnetic rotor. In this embodiment, the magnetic rotor portion is configured to have three sets of coil conductors that are substantially surrounded by an insulating magnetic material and wound for two turns, as in the embodiment of FIG.

The magnetic rotor portion of this embodiment will be described in more detail. The upper sheet 1 made of an insulating magnetic material.
50, the intermediate sheet 151, and the lower sheet 152, and the substrate sheets 153a, 153b, 153c, 15 made of the same insulative magnetic material, on which the internal conductors are printed.
4a, 154b and 154c are laminated and integrally sintered to form a continuous layer. Substrate sheets 153a, 153
b, 153c, 154a, 154b, and 154c are provided on the upper surface thereof with a number of upper inner conductors 155 according to the number of turns of the coil.
a, 155b and 155c and the lower inner conductor 156
a, 156b and 156c are respectively formed.
The upper inner conductor 155a and the lower inner conductor 156a, the upper inner conductor 155b and the lower inner conductor 156b, and the upper inner conductor 155c and the lower inner conductor 156c are their ends exposed from the side surface of the magnetic rotor after firing, respectively. Are connected one after another by jumper conductors for coils (not shown) for connecting the coil conductors. Ground conductors for the magnetic rotor are formed on the upper surface of the upper sheet 150 and the lower surface of the lower sheet 152, respectively.

The method of manufacturing the magnetic rotor portion, the magnetic material and the conductor material are the same as in the embodiment of FIG. The magnetic rotor portion may be formed by printing the internal conductor having the above-described pattern on both sides of the magnetic sheet, and FIG. 10 different from the structure shown in FIG.
It may be as shown in FIG. 11 or 12.

The resonance capacitor portion includes the upper sheet 15
Ground conductor 150a for magnetic rotor formed on the upper surface of 0
And a first dielectric sheet 157 having the same regular hexagonal shape as the magnetic rotor laminated thereon, and this dielectric sheet 15
7, a capacitor electrode 158 formed on the upper surface of 7, a second dielectric sheet 159 having the same regular hexagonal shape as the magnetic rotor laminated thereon, and a capacitor ground formed on the upper surface of the dielectric sheet 159. It is composed of an electrode 159a. The capacitor electrode 158 is connected to one end of the coil conductor described above via a capacitor jumper conductor (not shown) formed on the side surface of the magnetic rotor. The magnetic rotor ground conductor 150a is partially cut away in order to prevent short circuit with the capacitor jumper conductor. The magnetic rotor ground conductor 150a also serves as a capacitor ground electrode. Thus, between the capacitor electrode 158 and the magnetic rotor ground conductor 150a, and between the capacitor electrode 158 and the capacitor ground electrode 1
Capacitors are formed respectively between 59a, but when the capacitance is sufficient, the second dielectric sheet 1
59 and the capacitor ground electrode 159a may be omitted. In that case, the capacitor electrode 158 can be used as an output terminal.

In the present embodiment, the magnetic rotor portion and the resonance capacitor portion are laminated and then integrally fired. However, since firing characteristics differ between the dielectric and the magnetic body, simultaneous firing is impossible. In this case, the magnetic rotor portion and the resonance capacitor portion may be separately fired and soldered to assemble them. In that case, the upper sheet 150
It is conceivable that a capacitor electrode 158 may be provided on the upper surface of the magnetic disk in place of the magnetic rotor ground conductor, and the first dielectric sheet 157 may be omitted to use the capacitor ground electrode 159a also as the magnetic rotor ground conductor. Since the dielectric is inserted into a part of the magnetic rotor, the magnetic permeability is lowered, which is not preferable.

In this embodiment, since the resonance capacitor is formed integrally with the magnetic rotor, it is not necessary to attach the capacitor externally, the manufacturing process is simplified by that amount, and the circulator is made compact. Can be converted.

FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the structure of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a magnetic substance is operated as a dielectric substance and a resonance capacitor is integrally formed in the magnetic rotor. In this embodiment, the magnetic rotor portion is configured to have three sets of coil conductors that are substantially surrounded by an insulating magnetic material and wound for two turns, as in the embodiment of FIG.

The magnetic rotor portion of this embodiment will be described in more detail. The uppermost sheet 168, the upper sheet 160, the intermediate sheet 161, and the lower sheet 162, which are made of an insulating magnetic material, and the inner conductor are printed thereon. Substrate sheets 163a, 16 made of the same insulating magnetic material
3b, 163c, 164a, 164b, and 164c are laminated and integrally sintered to form a continuous layer. Substrate sheets 163a, 163b, 163c, 164a, 16
The upper inner conductors 165a, 165b, and 165c are provided on the upper surfaces of 4b and 164c according to the number of turns of the coil.
And lower inner conductors 166a, 166b, and 166c
Are formed respectively. The upper inner conductor 165a and the lower inner conductor 166a, the upper inner conductor 165b and the lower inner conductor 166b, and the upper inner conductor 165c and the lower inner conductor 166c are their ends exposed from the side surface of the magnetic rotor after firing, respectively. Are connected one after another by jumper conductors for coils (not shown) for connecting the coil conductors. Ground conductors for the magnetic rotor are formed on the upper surface of the uppermost sheet 168 and the lower surface of the lower sheet 162, respectively.

The method of manufacturing the magnetic rotor portion and the magnetic material and conductor material are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG. The magnetic rotor portion may be formed by printing the internal conductors having the above-described pattern on both sides of the magnetic sheet, and FIG. 10 different from the structure shown in FIG.
It may be as shown in FIG. 11 or 12.

The resonance capacitor portion includes the upper sheet 16
Capacitor electrode 167 formed on the upper surface of 0, the uppermost sheet 168 laminated thereon, and the capacitor ground electrode (also used as the magnetic rotor ground conductor) 169 formed on the upper surface of the uppermost sheet 168. It consists of The capacitor electrode 167 is connected to one end of the above-mentioned coil conductor through a capacitor jumper conductor (not shown) formed on the side surface of the magnetic rotor. The uppermost sheet 168 made of a magnetic material operates as a part of the magnetic material in the magnetic rotor and also as a dielectric between the capacitor electrode 167 and the capacitor ground electrode 169. This embodiment is used when the circulator capacitance value may be small, and the capacitor electrode 16
7 is formed at a position that does not affect the operation of the circulator.

Also in this embodiment, since the resonance capacitor is formed integrally with the magnetic rotor, it is not necessary to attach the capacitor externally, and not only the manufacturing process is simplified by that much, but also the circulator is used. It can be miniaturized.

FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the structure of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, when the resonance capacitor is soldered to the magnetic rotor in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the magnetic rotor and the resonance capacitor are mounted on the substrate 170. Board 1
The configuration and operation and effect of this embodiment except that 70 is added are exactly the same as those of the embodiment of FIG. 1 (FIG. 3).
reference).

FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a part of the structure of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a structural principle diagram of the circulator of FIG. In this embodiment, the operating frequency is broadened by floating the circulator from the ground with a lumped constant type LC series resonance circuit or a half-wavelength resonance line. It is known from Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 52-32713 and the drawings that a circulator has a wide band by arranging a series resonance circuit between an outer conductor of a circulator and a ground conductor in a rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the center axis of the circulator. Is.

In FIG. 18, reference numeral 180 designates a magnetic rotor which may be of any of the above-described embodiments. Below the magnetic rotor 180, a triplate line resonator 181 having the same planar shape as the magnetic rotor is laminated. The triplate line type resonator 181 includes a high-dielectric-constant dielectric sheet 182 that can be co-fired with an internal conductor and has a dielectric constant of about 90, and a circular capacitor provided coaxially with the center of the upper surface of the dielectric sheet 182. Electrode 183
And the dielectric substrate 1 laminated below the dielectric sheet 182.
84, a spiral line conductor 185 formed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 184 and having a capacitor electrode 185a formed in the center thereof, and a ground conductor (not shown) formed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 184. It consists of A capacitor is formed between the capacitor electrode 183 and the capacitor electrode 185a at the center of the spiral line conductor 185, and the spiral line of the spiral line conductor 185 forms an inductor. The other end 185b of the spiral line conductor 185
Is connected to the ground conductor on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 184 via a connection line provided on the side of the triplate line resonator 181.

In order to form the triplate line type resonator 181, the dielectric sheet 182 having the capacitor electrode 183 and the dielectric substrate 1 having the spiral line conductor 185 are provided.
84 is laminated and the internal conductor and these dielectrics are simultaneously fired. Magnetic rotor 180 and triplate line resonator 18
The connection with 1 is performed by individually forming and stacking these, and connecting the capacitor electrode 183 to the electrical center position of the ground conductor provided on the lower surface of the magnetic rotor by the solder reflow method.

The above description is for a case where the triplate line type resonator is formed by an LC series resonance circuit. To form a triplate line resonator using a half-wave resonant line,
The length of the spiral line conductor is set to a half wavelength, and the capacitor electrode (1
83), a via hole and a via hole conductor are provided, and one end of the spiral line conductor in the central portion is connected to this via hole conductor. The other end (185b) of the spiral line conductor is connected to a ground conductor on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (184) via a connection line provided on the side of the triplate line resonator 181. Then, the above-mentioned dielectric sheet (182) and the dielectric substrate (184) provided with the spiral line conductor are laminated, and the internal conductor and these dielectrics are simultaneously fired. The magnetic rotor and the triplate line resonator are coupled to each other by individually forming and stacking them, and by a solder reflow method, the via hole conductor is provided at the electrical center position of the ground conductor provided on the lower surface of the magnetic rotor. Made by connecting.

When the triplate line resonator is laminated and coupled to the integrally sintered magnetic rotor as in this embodiment, the resonators are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the circulator. Since it can be performed easily and accurately, a compact and wideband circulator can be obtained with high productivity.

In the embodiments described above, the inner conductor is formed by printing a silver paste, a palladium paste or a silver-palladium paste, but a silver foil may be punched out to form the inner conductor. In particular, when resistance loss is not remarkable and it does not form a solid solution with a magnetic material, it is suitable to be formed of gold, palladium, silver-palladium or an alloy thereof.

As for the magnetic material, an insulating magnetic material other than YIG can be used as long as it does not form a solid solution with the internal conductor.

The circulator of the present invention can be constructed by using a conductor material having a melting point higher than the sintering end temperature of the magnetic material as the inner conductor and firing the inner conductor without melting it.

The number of turns of the coil conductor is not limited to 2 turns and may be any number of turns as long as it is 1 turn or more. The larger the number of turns, the larger the inductance.

Although the above-described embodiment relates to a three-terminal type circulator, the present invention can be applied to a circulator having more terminals.
Further, it is obvious that the circulator of the present invention can be developed to easily produce a nonreciprocal circuit device such as an isolator.

[0094]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, in the circulator, the magnetic rotor has a pattern in which the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer and the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer are wound at least one turn. The coil pattern including the coil conductor having the above and the upper and lower insulating magnetic material layers formed so as to surround a part of the coil conductor in a close state has a long total length and is embedded in the magnetic material layer. Since it is formed, it is possible to secure a required value of inductance while having a compact shape. Further, since the insulating magnetic material layer is formed so as to surround the coil conductor in a close contact state, there is no discontinuity in the magnetic material. Therefore, a demagnetizing field does not occur because a high-frequency magnetic flux forms a continuous closed loop in the magnetic rotor. As a result, downsizing, wide band, low loss, and low price can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic rotor in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall configuration of the circulator of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the circulator of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a part of the manufacturing process of the magnetic rotor of FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of arrangement of magnetic rotors on a sheet.

FIG. 7 is a plan layout view for explaining a cutting process of each magnetic rotor from a sheet.

8A and 8B are an exploded perspective view and a perspective view showing a structure of a housing itself and a structure of a circulator in which an exciting permanent magnet and a housing are assembled to a magnetic rotor.

9 is a diagram comparing the characteristics of the circulator according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 and a conventional circulator.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator that is another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator that is still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator which is still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator that is still another embodiment of the present invention.

14A and 14B are a perspective view, an exploded perspective view, and a side view showing a configuration of a magnetic rotor and a connection terminal board of a three-terminal circulator that is still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator that is still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a magnetic rotor of a three-terminal circulator that is still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a partial configuration of a three-terminal circulator that is still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a partial configuration of a three-terminal circulator that is still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a structural principle diagram of the circulator of FIG. 18.

FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of a magnetic rotor in a conventional lumped constant circulator.

FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view showing how a conventional lumped constant circulator is assembled.

FIG. 22 is a characteristic diagram showing magnetic permeability of a magnetic body with respect to a rotating high-frequency magnetic field.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Coil Conductor 11 Upper Insulating Magnetic Material Layer 12 Intermediate Insulating Magnetic Material Layer 13 Lower Insulating Magnetic Material Layer 14, 15 Inner Conductor 16 Coil Jumper Conductor 17 Grounding Conductor 18 Grounding Conductor Jumper Conductor 30 Magnetic Rotor 31a, 31b , 31c Resonance capacitors 32, 33 Excitation permanent magnets

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tadao Fujii 1-13-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo TDK Corporation

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A magnetic rotor comprises an intermediate insulating magnetic material layer,
A coil conductor having a pattern in which at least one turn is wound with the intermediate insulating magnetic layer sandwiched between the coil conductor, and upper and lower insulating magnetic layers formed so as to surround a part of the coil conductor in a close contact state. A circulator that is characterized by 2. The inner conductor having a predetermined pattern, wherein the coil conductor is formed on the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer and the lower insulating magnetic material layer, and a jumper conductor connecting the end portions of the internal conductor to each other. The circulator according to claim 1, wherein the circulator comprises: 3. The inner conductor, the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer, and the upper and lower insulating magnetic material layers are integrally fired together. Circulator. 4. The circulator according to claim 3, wherein the insulating magnetic material layer is made of a magnetic material having a sintering end temperature higher than the melting point of the inner conductor. 5. The circulator according to claim 4, wherein the inner conductor is made of molten metal. 6. The circulator according to claim 2, wherein the inner conductor is made of a conductor material having a melting point higher than a sintering end temperature of the insulating magnetic body. 7. The ground conductor is formed on the upper surface of the upper insulating magnetic material layer and on the lower surface of the lower insulating magnetic material layer, according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Circulator. 8. An upper part and a lower part formed so as to surround the coil conductor in close contact with an intermediate insulating magnetic material layer and a coil conductor having a pattern in which the intermediate insulating magnetic material layer is wound at least one turn. A magnetic rotor composed of an insulating magnetic material layer, a plurality of terminal electrodes provided on a side surface of the magnetic rotor and electrically connected to one end of the internal conductor, and a circuit coupled to the terminal electrodes. A circulator comprising an element and an exciting permanent magnet for applying a DC magnetic field to the magnetic rotor. 9. The circulator according to claim 8, wherein the circuit element is a plurality of capacitors electrically coupled to the terminal electrode to resonate with an applied frequency. 10. The circuit element is an external circuit element externally attached to the terminal electrode.
Or the circulator according to 9. 11. The circulator according to claim 8, wherein the circuit element is an internal circuit element integrally formed with the magnetic rotor. 12. The circulator according to claim 8, wherein a metal housing having a continuous magnetic path is closely fixed to the permanent magnet for excitation. 13. The circulator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic rotor has a polygonal planar shape. 14. The circulator according to claim 13, wherein a planar shape of the magnetic rotor is a hexagon. 15. The pattern according to claim 1, wherein the pattern of the inner conductor is a pattern having a plurality of strips each extending in a plurality of symmetric radial directions on the same plane. The circulator according to item 1. 16. The circulator of claim 15 including the strip straight strip. 17. The pattern of inner conductors comprises at least one linear strip extending in a single predetermined direction in the same plane. Circulator described in.