JPH06336839A - Construction of standardized apartment house - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a construction cost, by arranging floor reinforcements after column reinforcements, wall reinforcements, and beam reinforcements are arranged prior to the formwork, and next, column forms, wall forms, and floor forms are assembled. CONSTITUTION:A support member 30 for prior assembling is made to form a self-standing gate type frame by a pair of legs 32, 32 and a horizontal member 33 detachably fitted to the upper end. Next, a plurality of support members 30 are erected at intervals along the longitudinal direction of beam reinforcements 31 and the upper end reinforcements 31a are locked to the hanging member 36 of the support member 30 and then stirrups 31b and lower end reinforcements 31C are arranged by turns. The positions of support 34 and the beam reinforcements 34 are adjusted. Next, on the N-th floor, after reinforcements 31 are arranged subsequently to the arrangement of column reinforcements and wall reinforcements, wall forms 17, beam and column forms 18 and floor forms 19 are sequentially assembled. And then the support members 30 are disassembled and floor reinforcements are arranged on the floor forms 14. In this way, most of reinforcement work are carried out serially and skeleton works are rationalized and further, a construction cost can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing an apartment house such as a condominium, which is a building in which a plurality of dwelling units are assembled to form one building, and in particular, a standard for drastically reducing the construction cost. The present invention relates to a suitable construction method to be applied when constructing a type apartment house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, an apartment house commonly referred to as a condominium in Japan is a building in which a plurality of dwelling units are assembled to form one building and is usually made of reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete. It is built as a middle- or high-rise building. Condominiums in Japan as described above have been constructed as homes for the purpose of highly utilizing land in response to skyrocketing land prices, and for meeting the demand for close proximity to work and residence in response to the expansion of urban areas.
It has spread rapidly since the latter half of the 1980s and has become established as a form of housing for sale in cities.

[0003]

By the way, in recent years, the prices of condominiums constructed especially in large cities have tended to rise significantly. This is not only due to the direct cause that the abnormal rise in land prices in recent years affected the sale price, but also against the background of the diversification of values and consciousness of condominium buyers for housing and improvement of living standards. Conspicuous apartments are gradually disliked, and there are many reasons that the aim is to raise the quality of apartments.
In other words, even though a condominium is a “housing complex,” each dwelling unit that composes it is a unique “housing” that is independent of the others.
In addition, a high-grade "house" as a place of rich living is desired, and in order to meet such demand, a variety of dwelling units with different areas, floor plans, grades are mixed, Moreover, apartments with a high-class image are common.

In connection with this, also in the technical aspect of building a condominium, as the condominium construction has become a production form of "high-quality, high-mix low-volume production" as described above, It was inevitable that the design and construction of condominiums would have to be extremely complicated, complicated, and sophisticated, which would lead to an increase in construction costs.

Although not limited to the case of a condominium, in general, the construction of a building is performed by workers of many occupations performing various kinds of work directly on site and sometimes in a complicated state. It is done. And even though such field work is much more rationalized, streamlined, mechanized, and automated than in the past, its production form is almost the same as that in other production factories that are completely automated. It can't be said that it is still in a very inadequate stage without making a comparison with the production process, and there is room for improvement in many respects.

[0006] For example, in constructing a building frame of a building, a reinforcing bar construction work and a form carpenter formwork construction are carried out prior to placing concrete. Construction work is usually carried out in the process of reinforcement of column rebars and wall rebars, assembly of column formwork and wall formwork, assembly of beam formwork and floor formwork, rebar reinforcement of beam rebars, rebar reinforcement of floor rebars It is what is done. For this reason, the work processes of reinforcing bar work and formwork work are influenced by the progress of other work,
Sometimes the work of both sides is complicated, and the waiting time becomes unnecessarily long. In particular, since the reinforcing bar work is intermittently performed while being divided by the formwork work, work efficiency may not be good, and it may be difficult to secure the number of workers and to appropriately allocate personnel.

Moreover, particularly in recent years, not only is there a chronic shortage of skilled workers, but also because young workers are reluctant to settle down on site work and it is difficult to establish it, the personnel costs of field workers increase. Moreover, prices of various construction materials are constantly increasing, which also prevents reductions in condominium construction costs and is a cause of the skyrocketing prices of condominiums.

From the above, measures for reducing the construction cost of condominiums are being sought, but the actual situation is that no concrete and effective ones have been provided yet.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can realize a construction method capable of constructing a standard-type condominium at a low cost to contribute to a reduction in the condominium sales price, and particularly a rational construction work. The purpose is to provide an effective construction method.

[0010]

According to the present invention, a large number of dwelling units are continuous in the left-right direction by having three or more floors and arranging a plurality of dwelling units so that they are adjacent to each other. Method for constructing a standard-type condominium that is provided vertically and vertically, and at least the upper and lower dwelling units of the many dwelling units have the same plan and elevation plans The pillar rebar, wall rebar and beam rebar are arranged prior to the formwork construction, and then the column formwork, wall formwork, beam formwork and floor formwork are assembled, and then the floor formwork is performed. It is characterized by arranging rebar.

[0011]

The operation method of the present invention is a rebar construction work by reviewing the work procedure of the rebar construction and formwork construction in the construction of the frame of the building, and in particular by arranging the beam rebars prior to the assembly of the beam formwork. This is to streamline the process of formwork. That is, in the method of the present invention, the reinforcement of the beam reinforcement is also performed prior to the assembly of the beam form in succession to the reinforcement of the column reinforcement, and then the form of the columns, walls, beams, and floors is changed. Adopt the work procedure of assembling at the same time and finally arranging the floor reinforcement. As a result, most of the reinforcement work, that is, the reinforcement work for the columns, walls, and beams, excluding floor reinforcement, is carried out continuously without interruption, and almost all formwork work is also carried out continuously. .

[0012]

EXAMPLE An example of the method of the present invention will be described below.
Prior to that, an example of a standard type apartment house constructed by the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
The standard-type apartment house is a steel-framed reinforced concrete structure in which the steel frame is used only in the low-rise building and is constructed by the cast-in-place method.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the housing complex of the present embodiment is provided with four elevators 7 and stairs 8 associated with each elevator 7, and these elevators 7 and stairs 8 are provided. Housing units 3 and 3 are arranged on both sides of the shared portion 9 provided. That is, this apartment
This is a so-called 2-door 1-elevator (or 2-door 1-stair) type where the common corridor on each floor is omitted.
Moreover, the plane shape of the entire housing complex is a simple rectangle (horizontally long rectangular shape), and the elevation shape is also a simple quadrangle.

The dwelling units 3 are sequentially arranged adjacent to each floor, and the plan on the ground floor is common from the first floor to the top floor. Therefore, the dwelling units 3 are sequentially adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. In addition, they are arranged one on top of the other in the vertical direction. Further, not only the floor plan but also the elevation plan, that is, the floor height of each floor, the height of the ceiling in each dwelling unit 3, the position and size of the openings such as windows, etc. are common to each floor.

The dwelling units 3 on each floor are basically of a similar plan, but due to differences in details, A-type dwelling units 3a located in the center and B-type dwelling units adjacent to them 3b and a C-type dwelling unit 3c located on the wife's side, which are divided into three types, and a left-right inverted type is set for each. And the dwelling units 3 that are adjacent to each floor are not necessarily the same type, but since the floor plan of each floor is common to all floors, the dwelling units 3 that overlap vertically are of the same type. Has become. That is, the upper and lower sides of the A type dwelling unit 3a are also the A type dwelling units 3a, and the upper and lower sides of the B type and C type dwelling units 3b and 3c are the B type and C type dwelling units 3b and 3c, respectively. is there.

In the above-mentioned standard type apartment house constructed as described above, each living building has the simplest rectangular parallelepiped appearance, and the ground floor is flat from the first floor to the top floor. Not only the plan but also the elevation plan are completely the same, the dwelling units 3 of the same type are vertically stacked, and all dwelling units 3 are limited to only three types.
Due to such thorough standardization, simplification, and commonization, condominiums that have become common in recent years in this standard-type condominium, that is, as described above, Compared to a high-class condominium that has a wide variety of different types of dwelling units mixed in different grades and grades, some standardization is inevitable, but
The production form of "small-volume mass-production of popular products" is realized,
Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the construction cost, which is the main purpose, and to contribute to the reduction of the condominium sales price.

That is, in the above-mentioned standard type apartment house, by thoroughly standardizing, simplifying, and standardizing, the design work thereof is greatly simplified and reduced. Also,
As for the construction, since the number of simple repetitive work for each dwelling unit 3 and each floor naturally increases, process management can be facilitated, the complicated state of on-site work can be avoided, and labor and site management costs can be reduced. Moreover, it is expected that the work efficiency and the construction accuracy can be improved by the simple repetitive work. Furthermore, finishing materials in the dwelling unit 3, for example, cloth materials as wall materials and ceiling materials, flooring and sheet materials as floor materials, unit baths, kitchen sets, vanities, toilet bowls, water heaters, lighting fixtures, etc. By standardizing the equipment and instruments of the above, it is possible to purchase them in bulk, so it is possible to reduce the actual purchase price and reduce the construction cost by accumulating the various cost-saving effects. It can be fully realized.

The construction of the standard type apartment house constructed by the method of the present invention and its advantages have been described above. Next, the construction method of the standard type apartment house as one embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which the concrete pouring on the (N-1) th floor has been completed, and the reinforcing bar construction is being performed on the Nth floor, which is the construction floor above it. In the figure, reference numeral 11 is a wall, 12 is a pillar, 13 is a beam, 14 is a slab, and 16 is a temporary opening for material transportation provided in the slab 14. 17 is a wall formwork, 18 is a beam or pillar formwork, 19
Is a floor formwork, and 21 is a support work for supporting the floor formwork 19. The support 21 is a floor directly below the construction floor (N-
1) A large number of slabs are installed not only on the first floor but also on the (N-2) th floor, which is the second floor below the construction floor, on the (N-1) th floor.
A part of it is left for curing to support directly.

The skeleton work on the Nth floor is performed in the following procedure. First, after inking the slab 14 on the Nth floor as usual, the reinforcing bars and wall reinforcing bars (both not shown) are arranged. Normally, at this stage, the reinforcement work is interrupted, the pillar carpenter is used to assemble the pillar formwork and the wall formwork, and the beam formwork and floor formwork are assembled. Beam reinforcement and floor reinforcement are carried out by the work, but in this construction method, the reinforcement of beam reinforcement will be performed without interruption after the reinforcement of column reinforcement and wall reinforcement.

In this way, when the reinforcement of the beam reinforcement is carried out prior to the beam form, it is naturally impossible to support the beam reinforcement by the beam form as in the conventional case. In Fig. 1, while supporting the beam reinforcing bar 31 by using the pre-assembled support tool 30 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the reinforcing work is performed.

The support member 30 for the front assembly can stand by a pair of leg portions 32, 32 made of pipe material, and a horizontal portion 33 made of pipe material, which is detachably attached to the upper ends of the leg portions 32, 32. This is a form in which a mold frame is formed and a support portion 34 for supporting the beam reinforcing bar 31 is provided inside the frame. The support portion 34 is a slide member 3 slidably mounted on the horizontal portion 33 as shown in FIG.
5, a suspension member 36 that locks the beam reinforcing bar 31, a holder 37 to which the suspension member 36 is attached, and a turnbuckle 38 that connects the slide member 35 and the holder 37. The slide member 35 or the suspension member By moving 36 in the left-right direction and adjusting the turnbuckle 38, the position of the beam rebar 31 suspended and supported by the support portion 34 can be adjusted in the left-right direction and the up-down direction inside the frame. Reference numeral 39 is a stopper screw for fixing the slide member 35 to the horizontal portion 33, 40 is a stopper screw for fixing the hanging member 36 to the holder 37, and reference numeral 41 shown in FIG. 1 is a base for making the frame self-supporting. It is a plate.

Beam reinforcement 3 using the above-mentioned support 30 for pre-assembly
In order to perform the first rebar arrangement, a plurality of pre-assembly support members 30 are self-supported at predetermined intervals along the length direction of the beam rebar 31 to be assembled, and first, the upper end reinforcement 31a is supported for each pre-assembly. The tool 30 is supported by being locked to the suspending member 36, and the stirrup 31b and the lower end streak 31c are sequentially arranged by suspending from the upper end streak 31a. By doing so, the rebar work can be easily performed without bending the beam rebar 31, and the beam rebar 31 to be assembled by adjusting the position of the support portion 34.
The position of can also be adjusted accurately.

As described above, the beam reinforcement 3 is provided on the Nth floor.
After performing the reinforcement of 1 after the reinforcement of the pillar reinforcement and the wall reinforcement, the formwork construction exactly the same as the (N-1) th floor was carried out on this N floor, and the pillar, wall, beam and floor All the molds 17 to 19 are continuously assembled. When the assembly of the beam form 18 on the Nth floor is completed, the beam rebar 31 is supported by the beam form 18, so that the support 30 for the previous assembly is disassembled and removed at that time.

Next, if floor reinforcing bars are laid on the floor formwork 14 installed on the Nth floor, all of the reinforcing bar work and the formwork work are completed. Therefore, concrete is placed on the Nth floor and a predetermined curing period is set. After the above steps, the formwork 17 to 19 is dismantled to complete the frame construction on this floor.

FIG. 3 is a process chart for more concretely showing the procedure for constructing the skeleton as described above. This process is to repeat the frame construction of each floor in a cycle of 21 days, and based on this process table, the N-level frame construction procedure after the completion of concrete placement on the (N-1) th floor The details will be described.

First, when concrete is placed on the (N-1) th floor on the last day of the previous cycle, the slab on the Nth floor, which is the construction floor, is marked out on the first day of this cycle. From the 6th day to the 6th day, raise the external scaffolding and install the PC stairs. Further, on the fifth to sixth days, the pre-assembly support tool 30 for the pre-assembly of the beam reinforcing bars 31 is installed at a predetermined position.
Then, the pillars and walls are laid out from the 7th day to the 11th day, and subsequently the beam reinforcements 31 are also laid out while being supported by the pre-assembly support tool 30.

On the other hand, on the (N-1) th floor, after a predetermined curing period for each part, the stationary frame and a part of the inner and outer molds are sequentially dismantled, and the dismantled mold and Support 21
Will be transferred to the Nth floor on the 12th day. On the Nth floor, formwork will be carried out using those materials that have been transferred. That is, the molds 17 to 19 are built around the column rebars, wall rebars, and beam rebars 31 that have already been assembled. The material is transferred to the upper floor through the temporary opening 16 formed in the slab 14.

On the 7th day, since the floor slab strength on the (N-1) th floor reaches a predetermined value, the supporting work 21 left on the (N-2) th floor can be dismantled. Dismantle it.
Further, after the 14th day, since the support 21 and the floor formwork 19 on the (N-1) th floor can be dismantled, only a part of the support 21 is left for curing and the other is disassembled. As a result, all the supporting works 21 are removed on the (N-2) floor, and only the supporting works 21 for curing are left on the (N-1) floor. Then, on the 16th day, the supporting work 21 dismantled on the (N-2) floor and the supporting work 2 dismantled on the (N-1) floor
1 and the floor form 19 are transferred to the Nth floor. On the Nth floor, the floor formwork 19 is set up on the 17th day, and at the time when the assembly of the beam formwork 18 is completed, disassembly and removal of the pre-assembled support tool 30 which is already disassembled,
Then, on the 18th day, the floor formwork 19 is assembled.

Next, after assembling the form of the stop frame and the slab of the projecting slab, floor reinforcement is performed on the 20th day, and concrete is placed on the 21st day, which is the final day. The structure work is completed. After that, the frame construction of the (N + 1) th floor, which is the uppermost floor, is performed by the same procedure.

As described above, in the present method, the work of arranging the beam reinforcements 31 is performed prior to the work of assembling the beam form 18, so that most of the reinforcement work, that is, the columns except the floor, Wall and beam reinforcement work can be performed continuously as a series of work without interruption, and
As a result, almost all formwork work can be carried out continuously without interruption. Therefore, according to this method, the reinforcing bar construction and the formwork construction are complicated as in the conventional case,
It is possible to prevent the waiting time from becoming unnecessarily long, labor management becomes easy, it is easy to always secure an appropriate number of workers, and it is possible to appropriately allocate personnel. It can be shortened, and from the above, it can contribute to the reduction of construction costs and the condominium sales price.

Although it is preferable to employ the pre-assembly support tool as used in the above-mentioned embodiment for the pre-assembly of the beam rebars, it is possible to arrange the bar re-bars while supporting them. For example, an appropriate form can be adopted. Further, the method of the present invention can be applied not only to the standard type apartment house as described above but also to various types and sizes of apartment houses. It is not realistic for low-rise small-scale ones and those with a wide variety of dwelling unit types because there is little point in standardizing or standardizing.

[0033]

As described above in detail, in the construction method of the present invention, the reinforcement of the column rebar, the beam rebar and the wall rebar is performed prior to the formwork construction, and then the column formwork and the wall formwork. Since the frame, the beam formwork, and the floor formwork are assembled and then the floor rebars are laid out, it is possible to continuously perform as a series of work without interrupting most of the reinforcing bar work, and Almost all formwork work can be carried out continuously without interruption. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the reinforcing bar work and formwork work from getting complicated and the waiting time from being too long. At the same time, labor management on site becomes easier, which can contribute to reduction of construction cost and condominium sales price.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a dwelling unit showing a state in which a skeleton work is being performed by the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a pre-assembly support tool used in the same method.

FIG. 3 is a process chart showing an example of a work procedure of a frame work by the method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall plan view showing an example of a standard type apartment house constructed by the method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 (3a, 3b, 3c) Dwelling unit 11 Wall 12 Column 13 Beam 14 Slab 16 Temporary opening 17 to 19 Formwork 30 Pre-assembly support 31 Beam rebar.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Toshihiro Nakamura 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Innovator Shinya Nishizawa 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Within the corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of dwelling units are consecutive in the left-right direction and stacked in the up-down direction by having three or more floors and arranging a plurality of dwelling units on each floor so as to be adjacent to each other. Among the many dwelling units, at least the upper and lower dwelling units are the same for both the plan plan and the elevation plan. Reinforcement of bar and beam reinforcement is done prior to formwork construction, then pillar formwork, wall formwork, beam formwork, floor formwork is assembled, and then rebar reinforcement is done. A method of constructing a standard apartment complex that features.