JPH0633485A - Operating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the vibration of a counterweight having larger weight ratio against the entirety of an operating machine, to prevent the vibration thereof and to promote habitability of an operation room. CONSTITUTION:Up and down vibration regulatora 32 are provided between the lower part of a counterweight 7 and a mounting section such as between a swiveling frame 3 and the counterweight 7, and a front and rear vibration regulator 38 is provided between the rear side of the swiveling frame 3 and the front side of the counterweight 7. Rubber vibration insulators are arranged respectively to the vibration regulators 32 and 38 in the direction of the vibration, forward backward and sideways vibration energies are absorbed by the rubber vibration insulators, and the vibration of the swiveling frame 3 is effectively reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a working machine such as a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to a working machine capable of reducing vertical and longitudinal vibrations generated between a counterweight and a frame.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Here, FIGS. 5 to 9 show an example of a hydraulic excavator as a working machine according to the prior art.

In the figure, 1 is an undercarriage, 2 is an upper revolving structure which is swingably mounted on the lower traveling structure 1 and constitutes a working machine body, and the upper revolving structure 2 is as shown in FIG. Revolving frame 3 as a frame having a simple skeleton structure, a driver's cab 4 and a machine room 5 mounted on the revolving frame 3, and a bracket of a main frame 8 located on the front side of the revolving frame 3 and described later. The work device 6 provided on the portion 18 and the counterweight 7 provided on the mounting portion 19 of the main frame 8 on the rear side of the revolving frame 3 for balancing the work device 6 are generally configured. Has been done.
The counterweight 7 is formed in a hollow structure,
The counterweight 7 is filled with a weight adjusting material (not shown) made of concrete, iron pieces, etc.
The weight is adjusted according to the weight of the.

Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the swivel frame 3 includes a main frame 8 and a plurality of overhanging frames 9 fixed so as to project to the left and right of the main frame 8.
, And side frames 10, 10 fixed to the left and right ends of each of the overhanging frames 9 to form a frame structure.

The main frame 8 is composed of a plate 11 which constitutes a connecting portion with a turning device (not shown), and a pair of left and right beams 12 and 13 which are erected on the plate 11. ing. Further, the beams 12 and 13 are beam plates 14 and 15 made of plate bodies provided substantially vertically on the plate 11, and fixedly provided on the beam plates 14 and 15 and arranged substantially in parallel. Plate-shaped upper flange 1
It is composed of 6 and 17.

Brackets 18, 18 are formed on the front side of the main frame 8, the working device 6 is mounted on each of the brackets 18, and a counterweight 7 is mounted on the rear side. 19, 19 are formed so as to project rearward.

Further, each of the mounting portions 19 has a beam 12,
It is formed by projecting and extending 13 toward the rear side. That is, each of the mounting portions 19 extends the upper flanges 16 and 17 from the rear side and extends, and the pair of upper plates 1 in which the bolt insertion holes 19A1 and 19A1 are formed in the protruding portions, respectively.
9A and 19A, and the plate 11 is extended from the rear portion, and is located between a pair of lower plates 19B and 19B in which bolt insertion holes 19B1 and 19B1 are bored in the protruding portions, and the respective plates 19A and 19B. , Each bolt insertion hole 19A1
, 19B1 and holding cylinders 19C, 19C, ... Which are arranged coaxially with each other (see FIGS. 6 and 9).

Reference numerals 20 and 20 denote a pair of mount portions formed in a concave shape on the lower surface side of the counterweight 7 in order to mount the counterweight 7 on each mounting portion 19 of the revolving frame 3. As shown in FIG. 7, the reference numeral 20 is made of steel so as to open toward the lower surface in a substantially U-shaped cross section, and the openings are fixed to the lower surface plate 7A of the counterweight 7 by means such as welding. ing. Further, bolt mounting holes 20B, 20B are formed on the upper surface plate 20A side of each mount portion 20 so as to be spaced apart in the front-rear direction, and the upper side of the upper surface plate 20A (that is, inside the counterweight 7).
A nut member 21 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a female screw portion 21A formed on the shaft center so as to cover the bolt insertion holes 20B.
21 are fixed to each other by means such as welding.

As shown in FIG. 9, when mounting the counterweight 7 on the swivel frame 3 in the prior art, the bolt insertion hole 19A1 of the upper plate 19A of the mounting portion 19 and the bolt insertion hole 20B of the mounting portion 20 are mounted. The counterweight 7 is mounted on the mounting portion 19 using the counterweight attaching / detaching device (not shown) so as to match. Next, from the lower side, the bolt insertion hole 19B1 of the lower plate 19B, the holding cylinder 19
C, the bolt member 22 is sequentially inserted into the bolt insertion hole 19A1 of the upper plate 19A and the bolt insertion hole 20B of the mount portion 20 through the washer 23, and the bolt member 22 is inserted into the female thread portion 21A of the nut member 21 of the mount portion 20. Male thread 2
The counterweight 7 is firmly fixed on each mounting portion 19 by screwing 2A.

[0010]

By the way, in the above-mentioned prior art, when mounting the counterweight 7 to each mounting portion 19 of the revolving frame 3, each mounting portion 20 of the counterweight 7 is mounted on each mounting portion 19. Place each bolt member 2
The counterweight 7 is directly attached to the main frame 8 of the revolving frame 3 by screwing 2 onto the nut member 21 of the counterweight 7 via each mounting portion 19.

Therefore, the impact of the entire hydraulic excavator during excavation work or traveling is transmitted to the heavy counterweight 7 through the main frame 8, and vibration is generated by the inertial force of the counterweight 7. Then, this vibration is directly transmitted to the entire hydraulic excavator via the main frame 8 and the swing frame 3, and vibrates the entire hydraulic excavator. This causes the following problems.

First, when the vibration of the entire hydraulic excavator is transmitted to the cab 4, the comfortability in the cab 4 is impaired. In addition, with recent construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, the running speed tends to increase, and if the running speed increases,
The vibration amplitude of the counterweight 7 is correspondingly increased, and the habitability of the cab 4 is further deteriorated.

Secondly, during excavation work or traveling of the hydraulic excavator, vibration of the entire hydraulic excavator deteriorates work stability and traveling stability of the hydraulic excavator.

Thirdly, the shock and vibration applied to the counterweight 7 are caused by the upper plate 19A and the lower plate 19B of each mounting portion 19.
Acts as a stress on the mounting part 19 to significantly reduce the strength of each mounting part 19 and shorten the mechanical life.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a working machine capable of reducing the vibration of the counterweight and the working machine.

[0016]

A feature of the structure adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is that a vibration regulator for absorbing vertical vibrations is provided between the counterweight and the main frame. In the frame, a column is provided upright, and a front-back vibration regulator that absorbs vibration in the front-back direction is provided between the column and the counterweight.

Further, each of the vibration regulators is provided with a pair of vibration isolating members provided on both sides of the main frame or the column, and is provided on both end sides of each of the vibration isolating members, and opposes each other. A pair of stoppers formed by extending the stopper portions, the spacers inserted through the vibration isolating members and the main frame or columns, and positioned in the insertion direction by the stoppers, and the spacers from one stopper side. It is desirable to be configured by a bolt member that is inserted into the inside and is screwed to a counterweight provided at the end portion of the other stopper.

[0018]

With the above structure, the vertical vibration regulator absorbs vertical vibrations of the counterweight and the main frame, and the front-back vibration regulator absorbs vertical vibrations of the counterweight and the support. Thereby, the vibration of the counterweight can be effectively reduced.

Further, when vibrations in the up-and-down direction and the front-and-rear direction are generated, the pair of anti-vibration members sandwiched between the stopper and the main frame are individually elastically deformed,
The vibration energy in the up-down direction and the front-rear direction can be absorbed by each of the vibration isolation members to reduce the vibration.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the embodiment, the same components as those of the prior art shown in FIGS. 5 to 9 described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, 31 and 31 are left of the revolving frame 3,
The right side of each of the side frames 10, 10 shows a mounting bracket as a pillar standing on the rear end side of the side frame. The base end side of each mounting bracket 31 is fixed to the side frame 10 by means such as welding, On the side, at a position where the height position is equal to the height of the center of gravity of the counterweight 7,
Bolt insertion holes 31A, 31A are formed to penetrate in the front-rear direction.

Next, the vertical vibration regulator is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 32 denotes a vertical vibration restricting body which is located between the revolving frame 3 and the counterweight 7 and absorbs vertical vibrations. The vertical vibration restricting body 32 is a main body of the revolving frame 3. A pair of mounting portions 1 formed on the frame 8
9 and a pair of mount parts 20 formed on the counterweight 7, and each bolt insertion hole 1 of the mounting part 19
For example, four pieces are provided corresponding to the positions of 9A1 and 19B1.

The vertical vibration restricting body 32 is attached to the mounting portion 1.
9. A pair of anti-vibration rubbers 33, 33, which will be described later, located at the bolt insertion holes 19A1, 19B1 of FIG. 9, and a pair of stoppers 34, 34 provided above and below the anti-vibration rubbers 33, respectively.
, The spacer 35 that is inserted through the mounting portion 19 and the anti-vibration rubber 33, and is vertically positioned by the stoppers 34, and the spacer 35 is inserted from the side of the stopper 34 that is located on the lower side. Mount part 2 of 7
The bolt member 36 is fastened to the nut member 21 provided at 0.

Reference numerals 33 and 33 denote anti-vibration rubbers as anti-vibration members disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the upper plate 19A and the lower plate 19B of each mounting portion 19, respectively.
3 is formed in a short cylindrical shape, and the inner peripheral surface thereof serves as a spacer insertion hole 33A into which a spacer 35 described later is inserted.

Denoted at 34 and 34 are stoppers provided above and below the anti-vibration rubbers 33, respectively.
4 is formed in a bowl shape, and the peripheral cylindrical portion is the stopper portion 34A.
The bolt insertion hole 34B is formed in the center of the flat bottom.
Are formed.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a cylindrical spacer, which is slidably inserted into the holding cylinder 19C of the mounting portion 19 and whose upper and lower ends are in the spacer insertion holes 33A of the vibration isolating rubbers 33. The upper end surface and the lower end surface are vertically positioned by the stoppers 34, respectively. Further, a bolt member 36 described later is inserted into the spacer 35.

Reference numeral 36 denotes a bolt member, and the bolt member 3
6 has a male threaded portion 36A on the tip side like the bolt member 22 of the prior art, and a bolt insertion hole 34B, a spacer 35, and an upper stopper 34 of a lower stopper 34 arranged in a straight line via a washer 37. Bolt insertion hole 34B
And, by inserting the screw portion 36A into the nut member 21 of the mount portion 20 which is sequentially inserted from the lower side into the bolt insertion hole 20B of the mount portion 20 and is located on the upper end side,
The mounting portion 19 is mounted on the mounting portion 20 by the vertical vibration regulator 32.
The counterweight 7 is attached to the main frame 8 (swivel frame 3).

Here, in the vertical vibration restricting body 32, by strongly screwing the bolt member 36 to the nut member 21, the vibration-proof rubber 33 is compressed and deformed between the stoppers 34, so that the vibration-proof rubber 33 is made to deform. Main frame 8 with initial load applied
The mounting portion 19 of is firmly clamped. The vertical vibration restricting body 32 supports the counterweight 7 on the mounting portion 19 via the anti-vibration rubbers 33, and particularly the counterweight 7
It is designed to absorb the vertical vibration of the.

Further, gaps S1 and S2 are formed between the upper plate 19A and the lower plate 19B of the mounting part 19 and the tips of the stopper parts 34A of the respective stoppers 34, and the vertical weight (stroke) of the counterweight 7 (stroke) is formed. ) Is the sum of this gap, ie S
It is regulated within the range of 1 + S2.

Next, the longitudinal vibration regulator is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 38 indicates a front-rear vibration restricting body, which is a pair of mounting brackets 31 standing upright on the side frames 10 located on the left and right sides of the revolving frame 3 and a counter. It is located between the weight 7 and the front plate 7B, and, for example, two pieces are provided corresponding to the positions of the respective bolt insertion holes 31A of the mounting bracket 31.

The front-rear vibration restricting body 38 has substantially the same structure as the vertical vibration restricting body 32 described above, is disposed at the bolt insertion hole 31A of the mounting bracket 31, and is arranged in the front-rear direction through the spacer insertion hole 39A. A pair of anti-vibration rubbers 39, 39 having 39A formed therein, and a peripheral cylindrical portion serving as a stopper portion 40A disposed in front of and behind each anti-vibration rubber 39, and a bolt insertion hole at the center of the flat bottom portion. A pair of bowl-shaped stoppers 40, 40 in which 40B is formed, the bolt insertion hole 31A of the mounting bracket 31, and the anti-vibration rubber 39.
Through the spacer insertion hole 39A, and the spacer 41 positioned in the front-rear direction by the respective stoppers 40, and the spacers 41 from the side of the stoppers 40 located on the front side, and are welded to the front plate 7B of the counterweight 7. It is roughly composed of a male screw portion 43A fixed to the nut member 42 having the female screw portion 42A and an oscillating bolt member 43.

The front-rear vibration regulating body 38 having the above-mentioned structure
By strongly screwing the bolt member 43 to the nut member 42, the vibration damping rubbers 39 are compressed and deformed between the stoppers 40, and the mounting brackets 31 are strengthened while the initial load is applied to the vibration damping rubbers 39. It is sandwiched. The front-rear vibration restricting body 38 supports the counterweight 7 with respect to the mounting bracket 31 via each anti-vibration rubber 39, and particularly buffers the vibration of the counterweight 7 in the front-rear direction.

A gap S3 is provided between the mounting bracket 31 and the tip of the stopper portion 40A of each stopper 40.
S4 is formed, and the amplitude (stroke) of the counterweight 7 in the front-rear direction is regulated within the sum of the gaps, that is, within the range of S3 + S4.

However, in the hydraulic excavator according to this embodiment, the vertical impact of the impacts exerted on the hydraulic excavator during excavation work of the working device 6 and traveling of the lower traveling body 1 is caused by the revolving frame 3 and the main frame. It is transmitted to the counterweight 7 via 8, and the mounting portion 19 and the mounting portion 2
The relative distance to 0 is sequentially displaced according to the amplitude of the impact.
At this time, the spacer 35 of the vertical vibration regulator 32 is attached to the mounting portion 1.
It is displaced upward and downward while sliding with respect to the holding cylinder 19C of 9.
This impact is absorbed by the anti-vibration rubber 33 provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the mounting portion 19 and having an initial load applied thereto. Then, it is possible to reduce the transmission of the vertical impact to the counterweight 7.

Further, the shock in the front-rear direction similarly displaces the relative distance between the mounting bracket 31 and the front plate 7B of the counterweight 7, and this displacement causes the front-rear vibration regulator 38 to move.
The spacer 41 of is the bolt insertion hole 3 of the mounting bracket 31.
The vibration is absorbed by the anti-vibration rubber 39 by displacing the inside of 1A back and forth. Thereby, it is possible to further reduce the transmission of the impact in the front-rear direction to the counterweight 7.

Next, with respect to the vertical vibration generated by the counterweight 7 due to the vibration of the revolving frame 3 and the inertial force of the counterweight 7, the vertical vibration restricting body 32 mounts the mounting portion corresponding to the amplitude of the vertical vibration. The vertical displacement of 19 is caused by sliding the spacer 35 in the vertical direction with respect to the holding cylinder 19C of the mounting portion 19, so that each of the anti-vibration rubbers 33
Absorbs this amplitude. Then, the vibration from the counterweight 7 can be reliably buffered from being transmitted to the revolving frame 3 via the mounting portions 19 and the main frame 8, and the vibration of the entire hydraulic excavator can be quickly attenuated.

Further, with respect to the longitudinal vibrations that occur at the same time, the longitudinal vibration restricting body 38 causes the displacement of the mounting bracket 31 in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration, and the spacer 41 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 31A of the mounting bracket 31. By virtue of sliding in the front-back direction, each vibration-damping rubber 39 absorbs this amplitude. Then, the longitudinal vibration of the counterweight 7 can be damped more quickly.

On the other hand, when the vibration amplitude of the counterweight 7 in the up-down direction and the front-back direction is large, the stopper portions 34 of the stoppers 34, 40 of the vibration restricting bodies 32, 38, respectively.
By bringing A and 40A into contact with the mounting portion 19 and the mounting bracket 31, the vibrations are transmitted to the revolving frame 3 at the initial stage of impact generation, but the vibration damping rubbers 33 and 39 are reliably prevented from being damaged. Then, when the amplitude of the vibration becomes small, the vibration is absorbed by the anti-vibration rubbers 33 and 39.

Thus, in this embodiment, each mounting portion 1 formed on the main frame 8 constituting the turning frame 3 is mounted.
9 and each mount portion 2 formed on the counterweight 7.
The vertical vibration restricting bodies 32 each having a plurality of anti-vibration rubbers 33 are arranged between them and the front and rear vibration restricting bodies 38 are arranged on the revolving frame 3 via a pair of mounting brackets 31. Therefore, the vibrations generated by the excavation work of the hydraulic excavator or during traveling, and the vibrations generated by the inertial force of the counterweight 7 are reliably absorbed by the vibration-proof rubbers 33, 39 of the respective vibration regulators 32, 38. Therefore, the vibration can be effectively reduced.

Since the vibration of the entire hydraulic excavator can be reduced, the vibration of the operator's cab 4 can be effectively reduced and the habitability can be improved.

Further, by reducing the vibration of the entire hydraulic excavator, work stability and running stability can be remarkably improved.

Further, it is possible to prevent the vibration from the counterweight 7 from being transmitted to the revolving frame 3 with a large amplitude, prevent a large stress from acting on each mounting portion 19, and improve the mechanical strength of each mounting portion 19. This can be ensured and the life of each mounting portion 19 can be effectively extended.

Incidentally, in the above-mentioned embodiment, each vibration regulating member 3
Although the vibration-damping members constituting 2, 38 are constituted by the vibration-damping rubbers 33, 39, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that they may be formed of a resin material or a vibration-damping steel plate. .

Further, in the above embodiment, each mounting portion 19 is composed of the upper plate 19A, the lower plate 19B and the holding cylinder 19C provided between the respective plates 19A, 19B, but the present invention is not limited to this. The upper and lower plates may be formed by a single plate into a "U" shape, and the holding cylinder may be fixed between the upper and lower parts.

Further, although the hydraulic excavator has been described as an example of the working machine in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be used for a working machine having a working device such as a hydraulic crane or an earth auger. .

Further, it is desirable that the front and rear vibration restricting bodies 38 are attached to the counterweight 7 at equal distances from the center of gravity of the counterweight 7, but the front and rear vibration restricting bodies 38 located on the left and right sides, respectively. The initial load of each anti-vibration rubber 39 may be adjusted.

[0049]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the vertical vibration restricting body is provided between the counterweight and the main frame, and the frame is provided with the support pillar so as to stand upright. By providing the front and rear vibration regulators between them, each vibration regulator can absorb the vertical and longitudinal vibrations of the counterweight and the frame, and can reliably reduce the transmission of the respective vibrations of the frame or the counterweight. Vibration of the machine body can be effectively reduced. Further, the working stability and traveling stability of the working machine can be improved, and the habitability of the driver's cab can be remarkably improved.

Further, when vibration occurs, the pair of anti-vibration members sandwiched between the pair of stoppers and the main frame are individually elastically deformed, so that the vibration energy in the vertical and front-back directions of the counterweight is reduced. It can be absorbed by the member, and the vibration of the entire working machine can be reliably reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a swing frame of a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a vertical vibration regulator according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing an attached state of the front-back vibration regulator according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front-rear vibration restricting body in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a hydraulic excavator as a working machine according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a swivel frame and a counterweight of the hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of the counterweight seen from the direction of arrows VII-VII in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the counterweight in FIG. 7 viewed from the lower side.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a mounting state of a swivel frame and a counterweight according to a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Upper revolving structure (working device) 3 Revolving frame (frame) 4 Driver's cab 5 Machine room 6 Working device 7 Counterweight 8 Main frame 10 Side frame 19 Mounting part 20 Mounting part 21, 42 Nut member 31 Mounting bracket (post) 32 Vertical vibration restricting body 33,39 Anti-vibration rubber (anti-vibration member) 34,40 Stopper 34A, 40A Stopper part 35,41 Spacer 36,43 Bolt member 38 Front-rear vibration restricting body

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A working machine main body having a driver's cab and a machine room mounted on a frame consisting of a main frame and left and right side frames, and a work frame main body located on the front side of the working machine main body. A working device, and a counterweight provided on the mounting portion of the main frame at the rear side of the working device main body to balance the working device, the counterweight and the main frame. A vertical vibration regulating body that absorbs vertical vibrations is provided between the columns, a column is provided upright on the frame, and a longitudinal vibration regulation that absorbs longitudinal vibration is provided between the column and the counterweight. A working machine characterized by having a body. 2. Each of the vibration regulators is provided with a pair of vibration isolating members provided on both sides of a main frame or a column, and is provided on both end sides of each of the vibration isolating members, and opposes each other. A pair of stoppers formed by extending the stopper portions, the spacers inserted through the vibration isolating members and the main frame or columns, and positioned in the insertion direction by the stoppers, and the spacers from one stopper side. The working machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a bolt member that is inserted into the inside and is screwed to a counterweight provided at an end of the other stopper.