JPH06319465A - Feed and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a feed, capable of blending an omega-3-based fatty acid or its derivative at a high concentration and excellent in handleability and preserva tion stability and a method for producing the feed. CONSTITUTION:The feed is obtained by saponifying, at least, one substance selected from among omega-3-based fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid or alpha-linolenic acid or derivatives thereof with an alkaline agent, preferably neutralizing the saponified substance with an acid and blending the resultant neutralized substance in a basic feed conventionally used for livestock such as cattle, a pig or a chicken or a pet such as dog, cat or a small bird.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a feed containing a saponified ω-3 fatty acid or a derivative thereof and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, docosahexaenoic acid (hereinafter referred to as DH
A), eicosapentaenoic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as EPA), and ω-3 fatty acids such as α-linolenic acid have a cardiovascular disease preventive effect, an antitumor effect, and a memory learning ability decrease preventive effect. Various bioactive effects such as “Food and Development”, VOL.27, NO.8 have been attracting attention. For this reason, attempts have been made to obtain health foods such as DHA-enriched eggs by adding DHA to the feed to promote the health of livestock and pets, or by transferring it to the body of chickens and the like. There is.

[0003]

However, ω-3
Since the systemic fatty acid is liquid at room temperature, it is troublesome to mix it with feed and to handle the feed after mixing, and it is difficult to feed a predetermined amount to livestock accurately.

Further, when higher unsaturated fatty acids such as ω-3 fatty acids are mixed in the feed, the unsaturated fatty acids are easily oxidized during the production process or during storage, so that the generated peroxide, acid or aldehyde is generated. There is a risk that the species may adversely affect the living body of livestock and pets, and that the product may give off a rancid odor, resulting in deterioration in quality.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a feed which can be blended with ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative at a high concentration, is easy to handle and has excellent storage stability, and a method for producing the same.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the feed of the present invention is characterized by containing at least one saponified omega-3 fatty acid or its derivative.

Further, the method for producing feed of the present invention is ω-3
A saponification product obtained by adding an alkaline agent to a raw material oil and / or fatty acid containing at least one type of fatty acid or its derivative in an inert gas atmosphere for saponification, and then adding an acid for neutralization. Compound is added to the feed raw material.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to preferred specific examples.

The feed of the present invention is characterized in that at least one kind of saponified omega-3 fatty acid or its derivative is added to a conventionally used basic feed material for livestock or pets. It is a thing. The amount of the saponified product added to the feed can be adjusted according to the type of animal to be bred and the purpose of breeding, while imparting the physiologically active effect of the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative, and nutrition. In order to prevent the balance from being lost, it is usually preferable that the final concentration is 0.1 to 2% by weight based on the whole feed, and when it is used as a fortified type feed, it is 2 to 1%.
0% by weight is preferred.

In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the feed raw material to be blended with the saponified product of the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative, and vitamins and minerals can be used as the main nutritional raw materials containing carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. It is possible to use the conventionally used basic feed raw material to which a raw material such as a supplemental nutrition source is added. As the main nutrition source, corn, mylo, rice, barley, cereals such as wheat, bran, refined grain by-products such as bran, legumes, oil cake, oil and fat, fish meat, meat, bone meal, etc. can be used, Various vitamins, minerals, amino acids and the like can be used as the supplemental nutrient. In addition, various preventive agents, antibiotics and the like can be added for the purpose of promoting health and preventing diseases.

The ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative which is a raw material of the saponified product to be mixed in the feed of the present invention is DH
It is preferable to use at least one of A, EPA, α-linolenic acid, or a derivative thereof.

In the present invention, as the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative, in addition to the ω-3 fatty acid as a free acid, its ester, glyceride, phospholipid, choline derivative, amino acid derivative, ascorbic acid derivative and the like can be used. Can be used. Further, not only those purified to a high purity so as to contain only ω-3 fatty acids or derivatives thereof, but also fats and oils having a high DHA and EPA content such as fish oil, and α-linolenic acid content such as perilla oil. Higher fats and oils can be used.

Examples of the alkaline agent used for saponifying the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide,
Those conventionally used as a saponification agent such as triethanolamine can be used.

In the present invention, before the saponification reaction, an antioxidant such as BHT, BHA, tocopherol or the like is added to the raw material fat and / or fatty acid containing at least one ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative. It is preferable.
This makes it possible to prevent the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative from being oxidized during the saponification reaction.

The saponified ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative used in the present invention is preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen for the raw material oil and / or fatty acid containing at least one ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative. It can be produced by adding an alkali agent in a gas atmosphere and saponifying. Here, the reason why saponification is performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas is to prevent oxidation of the ω-3 fatty acid and its derivative. As a method of setting the atmosphere of an inert gas,
For example, a method of replacing the air existing in the space surrounding the reaction kettle and the reaction tank with an inert gas is preferably adopted.

In this case, the temperature of the saponification reaction is 50-80.
C. is preferable, and 50 to 65.degree. C. is more preferable. If the reaction temperature is higher than 80 ° C, the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative is easily oxidized, while if the reaction temperature is lower than 50 ° C, it depends on the melting point of the fat or oil or the fatty acid contained in the raw material. The production of saponified products becomes difficult.

The time required to add the alkaline agent (time from the start of the addition of the alkaline agent to the end)
Is preferably 1 hour or more, and most preferably gradually added using the entire saponification time.

In the present invention, the ω-3 fatty acid produced as described above may be blended into the feed as it is, but it may be mixed with an organic acid such as citric acid or an acid such as mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid. It is preferable to mix after neutralization.

The thus-obtained feed of the present invention can be utilized as, for example, feed for livestock such as cattle, pigs and chickens, pet food for dogs, cats, small birds and the like.

In the case of breeding using the feed of the present invention, the method of feeding the feed, the method of supplying water, and other breeding conditions are not particularly limited, and the breeding method in a livestock shed, poultry house, or household can be used. Equipment is available.

[0021]

In the present invention, by saponifying the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative into a paste or solid form, it can be easily handled at the time of compounding into the feed, and the obtained feed is also easy to handle. .

Further, the ω-3 oil or fat or its derivative can be uniformly added to the feed, and the livestock and pets can be surely fed a predetermined amount, and the intake amount can be strictly controlled. it can.

Further, by saponifying the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative, oxidation by oxygen in the air is suppressed, and there is no possibility of adversely affecting livestock and pets, and a feed excellent in storage stability is provided. Obtainable.

Furthermore, as described above, since the oxidation of the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative can be suppressed, it becomes possible to mix them in a high concentration, and the physiological activity effect possessed by them can be enhanced.

[0025]

【Example】

Test Example 1 180 g of ethanol was added to 400 g of DHA mixed oil (DHA content 27%), and heated and mixed at 80 ° C. in a reaction vessel under a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Separately, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 64 g of sodium hydroxide in 200 g of water was added to 30 to 6
The solution was gradually added dropwise over 0 minutes, and the saponification reaction was completed while maintaining the temperature at 80 ° C. After the reaction was completed, while maintaining the temperature at 80 ° C., citric acid was added for neutralization to produce a saponified composition.

The above sample was put in a small petri dish and placed in a thermostat at 70 ° C. under which air was refluxed to measure POV (peroxide value) with time. Further, for comparison, the same measurement was carried out for an unsaponified DHA mixed oil (DHA content 27%). The results are shown in Table 1. The POV was measured according to the standard oil and fat analysis test method. For the saponified composition, hydrochloric acid was added, followed by extraction with ether and dehydration to obtain the POV of the fatty acid.

[0027]

[Table 1]

From the results shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that saponification of DHA can suppress oxidation of DHA by oxygen in the air.

Test Example 2 α-linolenic acid mixed oil (α-linolenic acid content 55%)
112 g of ethanol was added to 250 g, and heated and mixed at 80 ° C. in a reaction kettle under a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Separately, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 40 g of sodium hydroxide in 125 g of water was added dropwise little by little over 30 to 60 minutes to complete the saponification reaction while maintaining the temperature at 80 ° C. After the reaction was completed, while maintaining the temperature at 80 ° C., citric acid was added for neutralization to produce a saponified composition.

The above sample was placed in a small petri dish, placed in a thermostat at 70 ° C. under which air was refluxed, and the POV (peroxide value) was measured over time by the same method as in Test Example 1. Further, for comparison, the same measurement was carried out for an unsaponified α-linolenic acid mixed oil (α-linolenic acid content 55%). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0031]

[Table 2]

From the results of Table 2, it was confirmed that the saponification of α-linolenic acid can also suppress the oxidation due to oxygen in the air.

Example 1 (Feed for chickens) 2% by weight of the DHA saponified product obtained by the production method of Test Example 1 was added to the basic feed for broilers as shown in Table 3.
Addition (0.54% by weight in terms of DHA) was carried out to produce the feed for broilers and the late feed.

[0034]

[Table 3]

Example 2 (Feeding for fattening cattle) Rice straw 50.0% by weight, soybean meal 12.0% by weight, Nikon 33.0% by weight, beet pulp 1.4% by weight, salt 1.0% by weight, To the basic feed for fattening cattle containing 2.6% by weight of premix, 2% by weight (0.54% by weight in terms of DHA) of the DHA saponification product obtained by the production method of Test Example 1 above was added, and the fattening cattle was added. Forage was produced.

Example 3 (Dog food) Corn 32% by weight, flour 10% by weight, bran 5
A basic feed for dogs was prepared containing 1% by weight, defatted soybeans 2% by weight, meat powder 4% by weight, meat bone meal 7% by weight, animal fats and oils 4% by weight, as well as vitamins and minerals. 2 wt% of the saponified DHA obtained by the production method of Test Example 1 was added to this basic feed (0.54 in terms of DHA).
%), And 2% by weight of the saponified α-linolenic acid obtained by the method of Test Example 2 above (1.1 in terms of α-linolenic acid).
% By weight) to make a dog food.

Example 4 (cat food) Corn 32% by weight, wheat flour 10% by weight, seafood 4
% By weight, meat 7% by weight, defatted soybean 2% by weight, animal fat 4
A basal feed for cats containing wheat germ, vitamins, minerals and taurine in addition to wt% was prepared. 2% by weight (0.54% by weight in terms of DHA) of the DHA saponification product obtained by the production method of Test Example 1 and the α-linolenic acid saponification obtained by the method of Test Example 2 were added to the basic feed. 2 wt% (1.1 wt% in terms of α-linolenic acid) was added to produce a cat food.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since ω-3 fatty acid or a derivative thereof is saponified into a paste or solid form, it is added to the feed, so that the handleability during the production and administration of the feed is good, and the feed can be uniformly mixed. The required amount can be surely ingested. Further, by saponifying the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative, oxidation by oxygen in the air is suppressed, so that the ω-3 fatty acid or its derivative is contained at a high concentration and is excellent in storage stability. Can be provided with good feed.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoichi Kobayashi 6-18-18 Kamimizumoto-cho, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo (72) Inventor Tatsuhiko Suga 239-41 Negishi, Sayama-shi, Saitama (72) Inventor Kazuyoshi Yazawa Kanagawa 571 Unomori, Sagamihara-shi, Japan (72) Inventor St. Kondo 5-16-4 Chuorinkan, Yamato-shi, Kanagawa

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A feed comprising at least one saponified omega-3 fatty acid or derivative thereof. 2. The feed according to claim 1, wherein the ω-3 fatty acid is at least one selected from docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and α-linolenic acid. 3. A raw material oil and / or fatty acid containing at least one ω-3 fatty acid or a derivative thereof is saponified by adding an alkali agent in an inert gas atmosphere,
A method for producing a feed, comprising adding a saponified product obtained by adding an acid to neutralize the raw material and adding the saponified product to a feed material. 4. The method for producing a feed according to claim 3, wherein the ω-3 fatty acid is at least one selected from docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and α-linolenic acid.