JPH06313526A - Incinerating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the incinerating disposal of matters to be incinerated efficiently without contaminating the environment by a method wherein both side walls of the circumference of a primary combustion chamber are slanted inwardly toward the lower part of the same while air supplying pipes, supplying air into the primary combustion chamber, are arranged on the floor surface of the bottom of the primary combustion chamber. CONSTITUTION:The configuration of the vertical section of the peripheral wall 5 of a primary combustion chamber 1 is a tunnel shape of horseshoe type. In this case, the ceiling part 5A of the peripheral wall 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1 is a semi-circular arc substantially and both side walls 5B, 5b continued to the ceiling 5A are slanted inward toward the lower part of the combustion chamber while the slanting angle O with respect to the vertical direction of the same is 15 degrees, for example. On the other hand, a proper number of air supplying pipes 9 extending respectively from one end to the other end of the primary combustion chamber 1 are arranged on the bottom floor surface 42 of the primary combustion chamber 1 in parallel to each other. By this method, combustible gas generated in the combustion of the matters to be incinerated can be discharged into a secondary combustion chamber with a high efficiency while keeping a high temperature as it is.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for incinerating waste and other materials to be incinerated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Wastes from schools, hospitals, various establishments, etc., such as waste plastics and building materials, which can be incinerated, are usually preferably incinerated for disposal. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of the configuration of a typical example of an incinerator that has been widely used in the past for such incineration treatment. This incinerator 1
In 0, the grate 12 is horizontally provided above the bottom floor surface 11 via the air introduction space 30, and the combustion space 31 is formed above the grate 12, and the end wall 1 of the incinerator 10 is formed.
At 0A, the incinerator input port 13 communicating with the combustion space 31
And an air supply port 14 communicating with the air introducing space 30, and a chimney 15 communicating with the combustion space 31 is provided in the ceiling portion 10B.

According to this incinerator 10, the incinerator is put into the combustion space 31 through the incinerator input port 13 and ignited, and by the air introduced from the air supply port 14 through the air introduction space 30. , The incineration will continue to burn automatically. Then, the incineration rate is controlled by adjusting the supply amount of the introduced air.

[0004]

However, in the incinerator 10 described above, in the combustion space 31, the incineration object burns from the lower layer and the upper layer incompletely burns, so that a considerable amount of smoke is generated. However, there is a problem in that the smoke is directly discharged from the chimney 15 to the outside, and the environment is polluted by carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, soot and the like present in the smoke. Further, in the above incinerator 10, it is difficult to completely burn the incineration object, and there is a problem that a large amount of incineration residue is generated in the incinerator. Further, although the amount of wastes and the like to be treated is increasing due to recent industrial development, the incinerator described above has a large occupied space and cannot be incinerated with high efficiency.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an incinerator according to the present invention comprises a primary combustion chamber that burns and gasifies an incinerator, and an end wall of a peripheral wall of the primary combustion chamber. A secondary combustion chamber that is connected via a flue provided so as to open at a lower position of the section and that burns the carbonization gas generated in the primary combustion chamber and introduced from the flue, Both side wall portions of the peripheral wall of the primary combustion chamber are inclined inward as they go downward, and an air supply pipe for supplying air to the inside of the primary combustion chamber is disposed on the bottom floor surface of the primary combustion chamber. It is characterized by

[0006]

According to the present invention, the carbonization gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is guided to the secondary combustion chamber through the flue, and this flue is opened at a position below the end wall portion of the peripheral wall of the primary combustion chamber. In addition, since both side walls of the peripheral wall of the primary combustion chamber are formed to incline inward as it goes downward, the carbonization gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is efficiently concentrated and smoked. The dry distillation gas that is guided to the flue and is introduced into the flue contacts the high temperature partial layer of the incinerator that is burning at the bottom of the primary combustion chamber and is heated. The incoming carbonization gas becomes hot.

Further, since the air supply pipe is arranged on the bottom floor surface of the primary combustion chamber in order to supply the air required for incineration of the incineration object, it is necessary to fill the primary combustion chamber with the incineration object. It is possible to put in, and since the incineration target is incinerated in order from the lower layers, it is possible to incinerate the incineration almost completely, and to greatly reduce the incineration residue in the primary combustion chamber. Will be possible. Further, since it is not necessary to provide an air introduction space of a large occupied space, most of the entire primary combustion chamber can be used as a combustion space,
Compact size and high processing efficiency.

[0008]

EXAMPLES The incinerator according to the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the outline of one embodiment of the incineration processing apparatus according to the present invention. This incinerator is
As shown in FIG. 1, a primary combustion chamber 1 for burning and gasifying an incineration object, and smoke provided so as to open at a position below an end wall portion 5C of a peripheral wall 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1. Way 2
Secondary combustion chamber 3 for burning carbonization gas discharged through
And have.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a vertical cross section of the primary combustion chamber 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the peripheral wall 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1 has a horseshoe-shaped tunnel shape in the vertical cross section. There is. That is, the ceiling portion 5A of the peripheral wall 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1 has a substantially semi-circular shape, and the side wall portions 5B and 5B following the ceiling portion 5A form an inward slope that faces downward, and the inclination with respect to the vertical direction. The angle θ is, for example, 15 °. An ignition burner 8 is attached to the lower portion of the side wall portion 5B. Further, an opening 21 is formed in one end wall portion 5C of the peripheral wall 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1, and a smoke passage 2 is provided so as to communicate with this opening 21, and the other end wall portion 5D of the peripheral wall 5 is provided. Is provided with an incineration object inlet 7. On the bottom floor surface 42 of the primary combustion chamber 1, an appropriate number of air supply pipes 9 extending from one end to the other end of the primary combustion chamber 1 are arranged in parallel with each other. As shown in FIG. 3, holes 16 for supplying air into the primary combustion chamber 1
However, a plurality of rows are provided in the circumferential direction, for example, at three locations. An air supply mechanism (not shown) including a compression pump 91 is connected to the air supply pipe 9.

On the outside of the peripheral wall 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1, there is provided a jacket wall 52 which forms a gap 51 between the peripheral wall 5 and the peripheral wall 5, and a cooling water supply mechanism is connected to the gap 51. A water jacket 50 is formed on the outer surface of the peripheral wall 5.

A secondary combustion chamber 3 for combusting carbonized gas is connected to the primary combustion chamber 1 via a flue 2,
The secondary combustion chamber 3 is provided with a compression pump 91 for taking in air from the outside, compressing the air, and supplying the compressed air into the secondary combustion chamber 3, and an ignition burner 81.

In the secondary combustion chamber 3, the secondary combustion chamber 3
A tertiary combustion chamber 4 for combusting exhaust gas is connected. Further, in the tertiary combustion chamber 4, the air inlet 22
An upper portion of a cyclone dust collector 60 that collects soot dust in the exhaust gas is connected via a discharge path 23 provided with a chimney 6 is connected above the cyclone dust collector 60.

In the incineration processing apparatus described above, the amount of incineration material corresponding to the internal volume of the primary combustion chamber 1 is collectively charged from the incineration material inlet 7. In this state, the inside of the primary combustion chamber 1 is sealed, air is sent from the air supply pipe 9, and the incineration object is ignited by the ignition burner 8, whereby the lower layer portion of the incineration object becomes in a combustion state. The amount of air supplied from the air supply pipe 9 into the primary combustion chamber 1 is controlled to such a small amount that the fire is not extinguished and the combustion state of the lower layer is maintained. As a result, the burning portion is red-heated and becomes a high temperature state and self-combusts, so the operation of the ignition burner 8 is stopped after ignition. When the material to be incinerated in the lower layer portion is combusted and ashed, the volume of the material to be incinerated becomes small, and as a result, the material to be incinerated above the lower portion is continuously burned as the lower layer portion.

As described above, in the primary combustion chamber 1, the incineration object continues to self-combust, but since the primary combustion chamber 1 is cooled by the water jacket 50, the rise of the combustion temperature is controlled and the runaway occurs. Is prevented.

Since the incineration material is filled in the primary combustion chamber 1 and the flow rate of the air supplied for combustion is controlled to the extent that the fire is not extinguished, the primary combustion chamber 1 is located above the lower layer portion. The material to be incinerated is incompletely burned and a dry distillation gas is generated, but since both side wall portions 5B and 5B of the primary combustion chamber 1 are formed so as to incline downward, the both side wall portions 5B are formed. 5B serves as a straightening wall for the dry distillation gas, and as a result, the dry distillation gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 1 is efficiently concentrated toward the opening 21 and introduced into the flue 2.

In the secondary combustion chamber 3, the compression pump 91
Air is supplied from the outside by means of an ignition burner 81 in advance.
When the ignition is performed and the flame is emitted, the dry distillation gas introduced from the flue 2 is ignited. However, since the dry distillation gas is high in temperature and self-combusts, the operation of the ignition burner 81 is stopped. In the secondary combustion chamber 3, the introduced dry distillation gas is sufficiently agitated and mixed with the supplied air, whereby the dry distillation gas is combusted.

In the secondary combustion chamber 3, the primary combustion chamber 1
In order to completely burn the dry-distilled gas, it is necessary to sufficiently mix the dry-distilled gas and the air supplied from the outside, and for that purpose, the stay of the dry-distilled gas in the secondary combustion chamber 3 It is desirable to set the time to, for example, 3 seconds or more.

The exhaust gas from the secondary combustion chamber 3 is further discharged into the tertiary combustion chamber 4 and burned. At this time, since the temperature of the gas near the inlet of the tertiary combustion chamber 4 is high, air is taken in from the air inlet 22 provided in the exhaust passage 23 from the tertiary combustion chamber 4 and the temperature of the exhaust gas drops. And discharged to the cyclone dust collector 60. In the cyclone dust collector 60, the dust existing in the exhaust gas is classified, the dust is discharged from below, and the smoke-free exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 6 to the outside.

In the tertiary combustion chamber 4, the temperature of exhaust gas can be lowered to, for example, 200 ° C. or lower. further,
When a high temperature gas having a temperature of about 800 ° C. discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 3 is discharged to the outside as it is, the temperature of the gas when passing through the tertiary combustion chamber 4 is still 350 to
Although it is a high temperature of 400 ° C, and if it is left as it is, it may generate harmful gases such as dioxins. However, by lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas to 200 ° C or lower, the problem of exhausting at high temperature can be sufficiently solved. can do.
Further, although the cyclone dust collector 60 may be damaged, it is desirable to further reduce the temperature of the gas by providing the tertiary combustion chamber 4.

As described above in detail, by using the incineration processing apparatus described above, it is possible to incinerate a large amount of substances to be incinerated almost completely without discharging toxic gas to the outside. Furthermore, since the cooling water used for the water jacket 50 is at a high temperature after the incineration of the incineration object, it is possible to use this cooling water as an energy source.

In the above, the magnitude of the inclination angle θ of the both side wall portions 5B, 5B with respect to the vertical direction depends on the kind of incineration object,
The amount of gas generated, the capacity of the primary combustion chamber 1, the size and position of the opening 21, and other practical conditions can be changed, but the range of 10 ° to 30 ° is preferable. . When the inclination angle θ is outside this range, the effect of concentrating the gas toward the opening 21 is small and the overall mechanical strength is small.

The size of the opening 21 communicating with the flue 2 depends on the amount of gas from the primary combustion chamber 1. For example, if the material to be incinerated is plastic,
Since a large amount of gas is generated, it is necessary to reduce the size of the opening 21 to achieve complete combustion of the carbonization gas in the secondary combustion chamber 3. Specifically, the opening area of the opening 21 is For example, the area of the end wall portion 5C of the combustion chamber 1 is 15
It is about one-third.

The incinerator according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the above embodiment, and various changes can be added. For example, the incineration object inlet 7 can be provided in the upper part of the peripheral wall 5 of the primary combustion chamber 1. Furthermore, the tertiary combustion chamber 4 or the cyclone dust collector 60 does not necessarily have to be provided if complete combustion of the dry distillation gas can be achieved in the secondary combustion chamber 3.

In the present invention, a plurality of a series of combustion systems including the primary combustion chamber 1, the secondary combustion chamber 3 and the like can be connected in parallel and the chimney 6 can be shared.

[0025]

According to the incineration treatment apparatus of the present invention, the combustible gas generated by the combustion of the incineration object can be discharged to the secondary combustion chamber with high efficiency at a high temperature. Further, it can be burned to be incinerated in a smokeless and odorless state. Furthermore, since the incineration residue in the primary combustion chamber can be greatly reduced, cleaning and maintenance of this primary combustion chamber can be simplified, and the incineration process can be performed quickly. Further, according to the incineration processing apparatus of the present invention, since a large amount of incineration objects can be efficiently processed in a small combustion chamber, the present apparatus can be installed by effectively utilizing a narrow installation space, Can incinerate a large amount.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an embodiment of an incineration processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a primary combustion chamber of the incineration processing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an air supply pipe in the primary combustion chamber.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a conventional incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Incinerator 10A End wall 10B, 5A Ceiling 1
Primary combustion chamber 11,42 Bottom floor 12
Grate 13,7 Incinerator input port 14
Air supply port 15,6 Chimney 16
Hole 2 Flue 21 Opening 22 Air inlet 23 Outlet 30 Air introduction space 3 Secondary combustion chamber 31 Combustion space 4 Tertiary combustion chamber 50 Water jacket 5 Circular wall 5B Side wall 5C, 5D End wall 51 Air gap 52 Outer wall 60 Cyclone Dust collector 8,81 Ignition burner 9 Air supply pipe 91 Compression pump θ Inclination angle

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A primary combustion chamber that burns and gasifies a substance to be incinerated, and is connected via a flue provided so as to open at a lower position of an end wall portion of a peripheral wall of the primary combustion chamber, A secondary combustion chamber that burns the carbonized gas generated in the primary combustion chamber and introduced from the flue, and both side wall portions of the peripheral wall of the primary combustion chamber incline inward as it goes downward. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an air supply pipe for supplying air to the inside of the primary combustion chamber is provided on a bottom floor surface of the primary combustion chamber.