JPH06307765A - Drying and storage facility for cereals - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dry and store cereals at a low running cost without damage of the cereals. CONSTITUTION:The drying and storage facility for cereals comprises a cereal storage chamber 1 formed with a cereal introducing inlet 3 at its upper part and a floor 7 at a ventilation surface, an exhaust chamber 8 disposed under the entire floor 7, an exhaust unit 13 connected to communicate with the chamber 8, a wind pressure sensor 18 for detecting a wind pressure in the chamber 8, a metering unit 16 for measuring an introducing amount to the inlet 3, an arithmetic recorder 17 for measuring a cumulative cereal introducing amount W and that day cereal-introducing amount (w) and obtaining an air resistance when the air flows at an air flow rate (v) from the rate (v) to be calculated by a predetermined air flow rate ratio to the amount (w) and a cumulative deposit height H to be obtained by a floor area A of the chamber 1 and the amount W to calculate a wind pressure necessary for the chamber 8, and a controller 16 for so altering exhaust capacity of the unit 13 as to maintain the wind pressure calculated for the wind pressure in the chamber 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain dry storage facility for storing harvested high-moisture grains while predrying them to a predetermined low moisture content.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grains with a high moisture content, which are harvested daily with combine harvesters, etc., are sent to a dry storage facility where they are preliminarily dried by ventilation while temporarily storing them. This type of dry storage facility is generally called a dry store, and the daily harvested grains are piled up and accumulated through the grain input port on the ceiling in a grain storage room where the floor surface is a ventilation surface. It is configured to dry by ventilating upward from.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned conventional dry storage facility, since the ventilation drying form from the floor is adopted, the lower layer of the deposited grain tends to dry but the upper layer tends to slow down. Yes, in order to prevent uneven drying and deterioration, it was necessary to replace grains every day between multiple grain storage chambers (rotation), and to mix and stir the upper and lower layers using vertical axis augers. . However, there is a problem that not only the chances of damage are increased while moving the grain, but also a large amount of power is required for moving the grain, resulting in high running cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a grain dry storage facility capable of solving such a problem of the conventional means.

[0004]

The characteristic structure of the present invention for achieving the above object is to provide a grain storage chamber having a grain inlet in the upper portion and a floor surface which is a ventilation surface, and the whole ventilation floor surface. An exhaust chamber located below, an exhaust device connected in communication with this exhaust chamber, a wind pressure sensor that detects the wind pressure in the exhaust chamber, a weighing mechanism that measures the amount of the grain input into the grain inlet, and a cumulative From the volume of air that can be calculated by measuring the amount of grain input and the amount of grain input on the day and by a constant air volume ratio to the amount of grain input on the day, and the cumulative deposition height obtained by the floor area of the grain storage chamber and the cumulative amount of grain input. An arithmetic recording device for calculating an air resistance when the air volume is passed and calculating a wind pressure required for the exhaust chamber, and an exhaust gas of the exhaust device for maintaining the wind pressure in the exhaust chamber at the calculated wind pressure. Equipped with control device to change ability There to that point.

[0005]

When the floor suction type ventilation is performed as described above, the newly moistened high moisture grains are always accumulated on the windward side, so that the upper moisture grains are preferentially dried. It will be. Here, it is known that if the temperature and humidity of the air are almost constant, the drying speed is determined by the air volume (air volume ratio) per grain volume. If the ventilation with the air volume ratio of is performed for a predetermined time, a substantially desired drying rate can be obtained. In this case, since the grains that have been pre-dried by the previous day are present in the lower layer of the grains that were struck on the day, in order to carry out ventilation with a predetermined air volume ratio, the wind pressure at which the ventilation resistance due to these accumulated grains is taken into consideration Suction ventilation is required. Then, the accumulated grain input amount and the current day grain input amount, the deposition height calculated from the cross-sectional area of the storage chamber, the air resistance at the time of ventilation with a desired air volume ratio are obtained, and the exhaust chamber The air pressure required for the above is calculated, and the exhaust capacity of the exhaust device is changed by the control device so as to obtain this required air pressure.

[0006]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the exhaust device is operated while performing grain loading and depositing, without performing daily grain rotation between a plurality of grain storage chambers (rotation) or performing mixing and stirring of upper and lower layers. By performing suction drying from the floor surface only by control, it has become possible to perform uniform dry storage without degrading quality at low running cost.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a schematic construction of a grain dry storage facility according to the present invention. The ceiling of the grain storage chamber 1 formed in a cylindrical shape is provided with a grain input port 3 equipped with a leveling device 2 which is driven to rotate, and the grain input into the raw material input hopper 4 is fed to the feeding device 5 and the horizontal side. It is adapted to be supplied to the grain input port 3 via the feed conveyor line 6. A floor surface 7 configured as a ventilation surface is provided in the lower portion of the storage chamber 1, and an exhaust air chamber 8 is provided below the ventilation floor surface 7 and an outside air inlet 9 is provided in the upper portion of the storage chamber 1. A temperature control air intake duct 10 is provided. Further, a carry-out auger 11 is installed in the lower portion of the storage chamber 1, and the exhaust chamber 8
The inside is equipped with a transfer device 12 for transferring the grains taken out from the center of the aerated floor surface 7 to the outside of the machine. A blower 13 as an exhaust device is communicatively connected to the exhaust chamber 5 and sucks air introduced from the outside air introduction port 9 of the storage chamber 1 (and temperature-controlled air from the intake duct 10 if necessary) downward. It is configured to flow and dry the accumulated grains in the storage chamber 1. The electric motor 14 with an inverter that drives the blower 13 is configured to be speed-controlled via the controller 15. The control device 15 is connected to a calculation recording device 17 connected to a weighing device 16 provided in the raw material feeding hopper 4 and a wind pressure sensor 18 arranged at an appropriate position in the negative pressure chamber 8, and these calculations are performed. Based on information from the recording device 17 and the wind pressure sensor 18, the speed of the blower 13 is controlled as follows.

Next, an operation procedure of the dry storage facility having the above structure will be described. (1) The daily input grain amount w and the cumulative input amount W are recorded based on the information from the weighing device 11. (2) The ventilation volume v is calculated by multiplying the daily input volume w by the preset volume ratio a. (3) An empty vehicle speed s is calculated from the ventilation amount v and the floor area A of the ventilation floor surface 7. (4) Obtain the air resistance p per 1 m of grain deposition height [see FIG. 2]. (5) The total grain volume V is calculated from the cumulative input grain amount W and the grain density ρ. (6) The cumulative accumulation height H is obtained from the total grain volume V and the floor area A. (7) The total air resistance P is obtained from the air resistance p and the cumulative deposition height H. (8) The rotation speed of the blower 6 is adjusted so that the measured value of the wind pressure sensor 13 becomes equal to the total air resistance P. Here, grain input on the day ... w (ton) Air volume ratio to grain input on the day ... a (m ³ / s)
ec ・ ton) Ventilation volume ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ v (m ³ / s)
ec) = wa Floor area ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ A (m ² ) Empty speed ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ s (m / se
c) = v / A Cumulative amount of input grain ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ W (ton) Grain density ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ρ (ton /
m ³ ) Total grain volume ····· V (m ³ ) ＝
W / ρ Air resistance per grain pile height of 1 m · p (mmA
q) Cumulative accumulation height: H (m) = V
/ A Total air resistance ····· P (mmA
q) = Hp

It should be noted that reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a grain dry storage facility according to the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Air resistance characteristic diagram of paddy

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Grain Reservoir 3 Grain Inlet 7 Vent Floor 8 Ventilation Chamber 13 Exhaust Device 15 Controller 16 Metering Device 17 Calculation Recorder 18 Wind Pressure Sensor w Grain Amount Written on the Day W Cumulated Grain Amount v Ventilation A Floor Area H Cumulative Pile height

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A grain storage chamber (1) having a grain input port (3) at the top and a floor surface (7) being a ventilation surface.
An air exhaust chamber (8) located below the entire ventilation floor surface (7), an exhaust device (13) connected to the air exhaust chamber (8) for communication, and an exhaust air chamber (8) inside the air exhaust chamber (8). A wind pressure sensor (18) for detecting the wind pressure, a weighing device (16) for measuring the amount of input to the grain input port (3), a cumulative amount of grain input (W) and the amount of grain input (w) for the day Then, the amount of grain input on the day (w)
Air volume (v) that can be calculated with a constant air volume ratio
And the cumulative pile height (H) obtained from the floor area (A) of the grain storage chamber (1) and the cumulative grain input amount (W), the air resistance when the air volume (v) is passed, A calculation recording device (1) for calculating the wind pressure required for the exhaust chamber (8)
7) and a control device (15) for changing the exhaust capacity of the exhaust device (13) so that the wind pressure in the exhaust chamber (8) is maintained at the calculated wind pressure. Dry storage facility for grain.