JPH06306661A - Degreasing detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an effective degreasing detergent for oil sticking to metallic parts by adding a quat. ammonium compd. to a pyrrolidone-water mixed liq. in a specified ratio. CONSTITUTION:A mixed liq. based on a pyrrolidone compd. such as 2- pyrrolidone, 3-pyrrolidone or N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone and consisting of 60-85wt.% pyrrolidone and 15-30wt.% water is prepd. and a quat. ammonium compd. as a 1-6C alkylammonium compd. such as hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite or p- toluenesulfonate of tetramethylammonium or tetraethylammonium is added to the mixed liq. by 0.01-10wt.% to obtain the objective degreasing detergent capable of effectively cleaning and removing oil sticking to metallic parts, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a degreasing cleaning agent, and more particularly to a cleaning agent for oily deposits for efficiently cleaning and removing oil deposits on objects to be cleaned such as metal parts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the cutting process of precision machine parts, electric parts, etc., the friction between the work material and the cutting tool is reduced, a large amount of frictional heat generated is removed, chips are washed away, and the life of the cutting tool is increased. Cutting oil, etc. is used for the purpose of extending the surface and smoothing the finished surface.

Therefore, although these oils adhere to the processed material, it is often impossible to obtain a product if the oils remain adhered. For this reason, in the finishing process of such parts, oil components are usually washed and removed using an organic solvent.

Conventionally, as an organic solvent used for washing and removing such oils, hydrocarbon solvents such as kerosene, benzene and xylene, chlorine solvents such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, and freon solvents such as trichlorotrifluoroethane. It has been known. In particular, CFC-based or chlorine-based solvents, which have characteristics of high cleanability and nonflammability, are used for electronic, electrical, mechanical and other parts.

[0005]

However, among the above-mentioned conventional organic solvents, hydrocarbon solvents, especially benzene,
Since xylene and the like are highly toxic and are compounds designated as harmful substances under the Industrial Safety Law, there are problems in terms of the danger and complexity of handling these. Further, the chlorine-based or chlorofluorocarbon-based solvents have major problems in terms of safety, toxicity, environmental pollution and the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a degreasing detergent that solves the above conventional problems, is excellent in degreasing and washing properties of oils, and has good safety and working environment hygiene, and has no problem of environmental pollution. To do.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The degreasing detergent of the present invention is
It is characterized in that a mixed solution of pyrrolidone and water contains 0.01 to 10% by weight of a quaternary ammonium compound.

The present invention will be described in detail below. The pyrrolidone used in the present invention is a liquid containing a pyrrolidone compound as a main component. Here, as the pyrrolidone compound, 2
-Pyrrolidone, 3-pyrrolidone, N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-
Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-propyl-2-pyrrolidone), 5-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone (for example, 5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 5-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone,
5-propyl-2-pyrrolidone), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-alkyl-3-pyrrolidone (for example, N
-Methyl-3-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-3-pyrrolidone, N-propyl-3-pyrrolidone) and the like are exemplified, but N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is particularly effective. The pyrrolidone compound may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more kinds.

The content of pyrrolidone in the mixed liquid of pyrrolidone and water is usually 40 to 90% by weight, preferably 60 to 85% by weight, and the content of water is usually 6%.
It is 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight.
Particularly, in the case of a mixed liquid of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and water, the content of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is usually 5
0% by weight or more, preferably 60 to 90% by weight, more preferably 70 to 85% by weight, the content of water is usually
It is 50% by weight or less, preferably 10 to 40% by weight, more preferably 15 to 30% by weight.

When the content of water in the mixture liquid is within the above range, it is easy to float and separate after degreasing without dissolving the degreased oil, and the mixture can be repeatedly used for a long time. Not only does it not need to be replaced periodically, but especially when the water content is about 15% by weight or more, the mixture does not ignite, so that it can be handled as a non-hazardous material, which is preferable. The content of water in the liquid mixture is 10% by weight
If the amount is less than, the degreasing cleaning effect is persistent, that is, the solubility of the oil in the detergent is increased when it is repeatedly used, so that the mixture has a flash point, together with the problem that the amount of oil adhered is increased by emulsification. It must be handled as dangerous goods.
Further, if the water content of the mixture is more than 60% by weight, the degreasing and cleaning effect is significantly reduced.

Further, as an unexpected effect when using pyrrolidone as a mixed liquid with water, the addition of water to pyrrolidone can remarkably suppress the generation of peroxide due to partial oxidation in the atmosphere. Is mentioned. The cleaning agent is
Since it is usually used repeatedly, suppressing the generation of such a peroxide is extremely advantageous in terms of stability of performance as a detergent.

The mixture of pyrrolidone and water is itself
Although it can be used as a degreasing detergent, the degreasing detergent of the present invention is characterized by obtaining a more excellent cleaning effect by containing a specific additive in the mixed solution. That is, in the degreasing detergent of the present invention, a specific amount of the quaternary ammonium compound is added to the mixed liquid of pyrrolidone and water.

The quaternary ammonium compound used in the present invention is usually an alkylammonium compound having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Specific examples thereof include hydroxides, sulfates, sulfites, paratoluenesulfonates, nitrates, acetates and halides of tetramethylammonium and tetraethylammonium. Further, ammonia sulfate, nitrate, acetate, halide and the like can also be used.

Such an additive is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1% by weight based on the mixture of pyrrolidone and water.
1 to 5% by weight is contained. The content of the additive is appropriately set according to the solubility in the mixed solution, the property of the oil to be degreased and washed, but if it is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of improving the washing is difficult to be recognized, and 10% by weight Even if it exceeds, no further improvement in the cleaning effect is recognized.

As a cleaning method using the degreasing detergent of the present invention, it is desirable to specifically adopt the following method, but the degreasing detergent of the present invention is not limited to the following method. It goes without saying that this is not what is done.

That is, first, the degreasing cleaning agent of the present invention is used to wash the oil-deposited material, which is an object to be cleaned, by various cleaning methods such as a dipping method, an ultrasonic cleaning method, a rocking method, and a spray method.
A cleaning process is performed at a temperature of 00 ° C., preferably 40 to 80 ° C. to degrease and clean the oil component attached to the object to be cleaned. When adopting the dipping method for this degreasing cleaning, the cleaning effect can be further enhanced by bubbling air or nitrogen through the cleaning agent.

Then, the cleaning agent adhering to the degreased and cleaned object is blown away by blowing air or an inert gas such as nitrogen gas. As a result, the cleaning agent is recovered, and the loss of the cleaning agent due to cleaning is reduced as much as possible.
The amount of detergent dissolved by water washing in the next step is reduced as much as possible to reduce the burden of wastewater treatment. In this case, the amount of gas sprayed may be such that the cleaning agent adhering to the object to be cleaned is blown off and removed in a short time.

The object to be cleaned, which has been subjected to the cleaning agent removal treatment, is then cleaned with water to remove the cleaning agent still remaining on the surface. For this water cleaning, various cleaning methods such as a dipping method, an ultrasonic cleaning method, a rocking method, and a spray method can be adopted.

The object to be cleaned after washing with water is dried by removing moisture adhering to the surface thereof by blowing air at room temperature or with heated air or an inert gas such as nitrogen gas to blow off the moisture. As a result, the object to be cleaned can be degreased and cleaned extremely cleanly.

In the present invention, the objects to be cleaned, to which the oil content adheres, include electronic parts, electrical parts, precision machine parts, resin processed parts, precision parts such as optical parts, machine parts, automobile parts and Mainly used are metal parts such as jigs and tools used in the assembly process. Specifically, examples of electronic components include printed wiring boards, IC lead frames, capacitors, liquid crystal displays, and semiconductor materials. Examples of electric machine parts include parts such as a core for a coater, electric motor parts such as a magnet, a brush, and a housing. Bearings as precision machine parts,
Examples include sewing machine parts and machining parts. Examples of the optical component include a lens. Bearings as mechanical parts,
Gears, various machine parts, etc. may be mentioned. Examples of automobile parts include engine parts, transmission gears, and carburetors. Further, as jigs and tools used in the assembling process of such parts, the above precision parts are manufactured,
Examples thereof include jigs and tools handled in various processes such as molding, processing, assembly, and finishing.

Examples of the oil component attached to these objects to be cleaned include fats and oils, machine oils, cutting oils, heat treatment oils, greases and the like.

[0021]

[Function] Pyrrolidone is extremely excellent in degreasing and cleaning properties of oils and the like, but by using a mixture of pyrrolidone and water, the degreasing and cleaning effect is excellent in sustainability and can be used repeatedly for a long time. Provided is a cleaning agent which is excellent in safety and work environment hygiene, has no environmental pollution, and has excellent performance stability. However, the cleaning effect can be further enhanced by adding a specific amount of the quaternary ammonium compound to such a mixed liquid of pyrrolidone and water.

[0022]

[Examples] Specific examples and comparative examples are given below,
The present invention will be described more specifically, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist.

Examples 1 to 8 Mixture of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and water (85: 1)
5 (weight ratio)), the additives shown in Table-1 are shown in Table-1.
The degreasing detergent of the present invention was prepared by adding and mixing so as to have the addition amount shown in (1) to form a uniform solution. Next, 300 ml of the obtained degreasing detergent is added to the bottom of which an air blowing pipe is attached.
It was put in a 00 ml washer and heated to 60 ° C.

A test piece (material: SS-41, size: 2.98c) after being immersed in a heat-treated oil was placed in this cleaning device.
(m × 4.98 cm × 0.3 cm thickness) was dipped, and air was blown at 5 l / min from an air blowing tube. After 3 minutes, remove the test piece from the washer and add 5 ml of water to 300 ml of water.
It was soaked for a minute. Then, the washed test piece was immersed in 180 g of carbon tetrachloride, ultrasonic waves were applied for 5 minutes, the residual oil content on the surface of the test piece was extracted, and analyzed by an infrared spectrophotometer to determine the residual oil content. The results are shown in Table-1.

Comparative Example 1 For comparison, washing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the additive was not added to the mixed liquid of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and water, and the residual oil content was similarly set. And the result is
Shown in 1. From Table-1, it is understood that the degreasing detergent of the present invention can remarkably achieve the degreasing and washing effect.

Reference Example 1 For reference, trichloroethane was used in place of the detergent containing a mixture of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and water, and washing was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and the residual oil amount was also changed. Was obtained and the results are shown in Table 1. From Table-1, it is understood that the degreasing detergent of the present invention can obtain a degreasing and washing effect of the same level as that of trichloroethane.

[0027]

[Table 1]

[0028]

As described above in detail, according to the degreasing detergent of the present invention, it is possible to wash an object to be washed with oil to obtain a good washing-treated product. Moreover, the degreasing cleaning agent of the present invention has excellent durability of degreasing cleaning effect, can be repeatedly used for a long period of time, and has good safety and work environment hygiene, no environmental pollution, and stable performance. It has excellent properties and is extremely useful industrially.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Yamazaki 3-10, Shiodotsu, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd. Mizushima Plant

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A degreasing detergent comprising a mixed solution of pyrrolidone and water containing 0.01 to 10% by weight of a quaternary ammonium compound.