JPH06297217A - Balancing device for machine tool - Google Patents
Balancing device for machine toolInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06297217A JPH06297217A JP10990593A JP10990593A JPH06297217A JP H06297217 A JPH06297217 A JP H06297217A JP 10990593 A JP10990593 A JP 10990593A JP 10990593 A JP10990593 A JP 10990593A JP H06297217 A JPH06297217 A JP H06297217A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- spindle head
- force
- feed motor
- cylinder
- machining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/001—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine
- B23Q11/0017—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine compensating the weight of vertically moving elements, e.g. by balancing liftable machine parts
- B23Q11/0025—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine compensating the weight of vertically moving elements, e.g. by balancing liftable machine parts using resilient means, e.g. springs, hydraulic dampers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、工作機械における、工
具が取り付けられ上下移動する主軸ヘッドの重量バラン
サ装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a weight balancer device for a spindle head, in which a tool is attached and which moves vertically in a machine tool.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、立型マシニングセンター等におい
て、加工用の工具が取り付けられた主軸ヘッドは送りモ
ータによって上下方向に駆動されるようになっている
が、主軸ヘッドの重量が送りモータの負荷になるため、
その分、大出力の送りモータが必要になる。また、主軸
ヘッドの重量により送りねじの摩擦トルクが増加するた
め発熱量が増え熱変位の要因となる。そこで、主軸ヘッ
ドの重量と同等の力で主軸ヘッドを上方向に付勢するバ
ランサ装置を用いることにより、送りモータの負荷を少
なくし、上記の弊害を解消することが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a vertical machining center or the like, a spindle head to which a machining tool is attached is driven vertically by a feed motor. However, the weight of the spindle head causes a load on the feed motor. Because,
Therefore, a high output feed motor is required. Further, since the friction torque of the feed screw increases due to the weight of the spindle head, the amount of heat generated increases, which causes thermal displacement. Therefore, it is known to reduce the load on the feed motor and eliminate the above-mentioned adverse effects by using a balancer device that urges the spindle head upward with a force equivalent to the weight of the spindle head.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
ようなバランサ装置を用いた場合、大径のドリル加工の
ように大きな推力を必要とする加工を行う時、主軸ヘッ
ドの重量がバランサの作用により下方向の力として付加
されず、推力はモータ出力によるものだけであり、加工
に必要な推力が得られず、適正に加工ができないことが
ある。また、大きな推力に見合うだけのモータ出力を得
ようとすると大出力の送りモータが必要となり、コスト
高となる。本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するために
なされたものであり、常時はバランサ作用により送りモ
ータの負荷を小さくし、また、小出力の送りモータを用
いても大きな推力を必要とする加工を行うことが可能な
バランサ装置を提供することを目的とする。However, when the balancer device as described above is used, the weight of the spindle head is affected by the balancer when performing a process requiring a large thrust force such as a large-diameter drilling process. Since it is not added as a downward force and the thrust is only due to the motor output, the thrust necessary for machining cannot be obtained, and proper machining may not be possible. Further, if an attempt is made to obtain a motor output commensurate with a large thrust, a high-output feed motor is required, resulting in high cost. The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and always reduces the load of the feed motor by the balancer action, and machining that requires a large thrust even if a feed motor with a small output is used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a balancer device capable of performing.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に本発明は、上下に移動可能に支持され工具が取り付け
られる主軸ヘッドと、この主軸ヘッドを上下に駆動する
送りモータを有した工作機械のバランサ装置において、
上記主軸ヘッドに連結され、該主軸ヘッドに上又は下方
向に力を付勢する負荷手段と、常時は上記主軸ヘッドに
働く重力に抗して上方向に力を付勢し、上記工具による
被加工物への加工時には下方向に付勢し、あるいは力を
加えないように上記負荷手段を制御する制御手段とを備
えたものである。To achieve this object, the present invention is directed to a machine tool having a spindle head movably supported up and down, to which a tool is attached, and a feed motor for vertically driving the spindle head. In the balancer device of
A load means that is connected to the main spindle head and applies a force to the main spindle head in an upward or downward direction; and a force means that normally applies an upward force against the gravity acting on the main spindle head, and is supported by the tool. A control means is provided for controlling the load means so as not to apply a downward force or to apply a force when the work piece is processed.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】上記構成において、主軸ヘッドに連結された負
荷手段により主軸ヘッドの上下方向に力を加える。そし
て、制御手段により、常時は主軸ヘッドに働く重力に抗
して上方向に力を付勢し、加工時には下方向に付勢し、
あるいは力を加えないように負荷手段を制御する。これ
により、常時はバランサが作用し、送りモータの負荷は
少なくなり、また、加工時には送りモータの出力に加え
て主軸ヘッドの重量とバランサの付勢力により大きな推
力が得られる。In the above construction, a force is applied in the vertical direction of the spindle head by the load means connected to the spindle head. Then, by the control means, the force is always urged upward against the gravity acting on the spindle head, and downward during machining,
Alternatively, the load means is controlled so that no force is applied. As a result, the balancer always operates, the load on the feed motor is reduced, and a large thrust is obtained by the weight of the spindle head and the biasing force of the balancer in addition to the output of the feed motor during machining.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】以下、本発明を具体化した一実施例を図面を
参照して説明する。本実施例は、本発明を工作機械の主
軸ヘッド移動装置１に適応したもので、図１はその側面
図、図２は部分正面図である。図１において、主軸ヘッ
ド１０は主軸ヘッド移動装置１での移動体であり、その
側面の前後上下に設けられたスライダー１２ａ，１２ｂ
を介してコラム１４側面のレール１６上に搭載され、こ
のレール１６に案内されて上下移動できるようになって
いる。また、主軸ヘッド１０の側面にはリードナット１
８が設けられていて、このリードナット１８は、送りモ
ータ２０の駆動軸に連結された送りねじ２２とねじ結合
されており、主軸ヘッド１０は送りねじ２２の回転、停
止に応じて任意の位置に位置決めされるようになってい
る。なお、送りモータ２０はコラム１４に固定されてい
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a spindle head moving device 1 for a machine tool, FIG. 1 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a partial front view thereof. In FIG. 1, a spindle head 10 is a moving body in a spindle head moving device 1, and sliders 12a and 12b provided on the front, rear, upper and lower sides of the side surface thereof.
It is mounted on a rail 16 on the side surface of the column 14 via a rail, and can be vertically moved by being guided by the rail 16. Further, the lead nut 1 is provided on the side surface of the spindle head 10.
8 is provided, and the lead nut 18 is screwed to a feed screw 22 connected to a drive shaft of a feed motor 20, and the spindle head 10 is at an arbitrary position according to rotation and stop of the feed screw 22. It is designed to be positioned at. The feed motor 20 is fixed to the column 14.
【０００７】主軸ヘッド１０の上方には、コラム１４に
固定されたシリンダ２４が設けられていて、このシリン
ダ２４のシリンダロッド２６が主軸ヘッド１０の上面に
連結されており、このシリンダ２４は主軸ヘッド１０に
対して上方向又は下方向に力を付勢するバランサ（負荷
手段）をなす。すなわち、シリンダ２４にはポート２８
ａ、２８ｂが設けられ、このポート２８ａ，２８ｂは、
油圧供給源３０に油圧方向切換装置３２を介して接続さ
れており、ポート２８ａ，２８ｂのいずれかに状況に応
じて圧力（油圧）を加えることにより、シリンダロッド
２６が上方向又は下方向に移動し、主軸ヘッド１０に力
を与えることができる。油圧方向切換装置３２と送りモ
ータ２０は制御装置３４により制御される。また、主軸
ヘッド１０の先端には、その上面に固定された主軸モー
タ３６により回転される工具３８が装着されており、こ
の工具３８の回転と主軸ヘッド１０の移動により工作物
４０（被加工物）を加工することができる。A cylinder 24 fixed to the column 14 is provided above the spindle head 10, and a cylinder rod 26 of the cylinder 24 is connected to the upper surface of the spindle head 10. A balancer (loading means) for urging a force upward or downward with respect to 10. That is, the cylinder 28 has a port 28.
a and 28b are provided, and these ports 28a and 28b are
It is connected to a hydraulic pressure supply source 30 via a hydraulic pressure direction switching device 32, and by applying pressure (hydraulic pressure) to one of the ports 28a and 28b depending on the situation, the cylinder rod 26 moves upward or downward. However, a force can be applied to the spindle head 10. The hydraulic direction switching device 32 and the feed motor 20 are controlled by the control device 34. A tool 38 rotated by a spindle motor 36 fixed to the upper surface of the spindle head 10 is attached to the tip of the spindle head 10. The rotation of the tool 38 and the movement of the spindle head 10 cause a workpiece 40 (workpiece 40). ) Can be processed.
【０００８】次に、このように構成されたバランサ装置
の作動について説明する。まず、主軸ヘッド１０の上下
移動および停止状態の常時には、制御装置３４は、シリ
ンダ２４が主軸ヘッド１０の重量に相当する力で主軸ヘ
ッド１０を上方へ付勢するように、シリンダ２４のポー
ト２８ａに圧力を加える。これにより、送りモータ２０
は、主軸ヘッド１０の重量に相当する負荷がなくなり、
小出力ですむ。また、主軸ヘッド１０の重量に相当する
負荷がなくなった分、送りモータ２０の負荷、送りねじ
２２の摩擦トルクが減少し、その発熱量が減り、熱変位
が抑制される。Next, the operation of the balancer device thus constructed will be described. First, when the spindle head 10 is always moved vertically and stopped, the control device 34 controls the port 28a of the cylinder 24 so that the cylinder 24 urges the spindle head 10 upward with a force corresponding to the weight of the spindle head 10. Apply pressure to. As a result, the feed motor 20
Is equivalent to the weight of the spindle head 10,
Small output is required. Further, since the load corresponding to the weight of the spindle head 10 is eliminated, the load of the feed motor 20 and the friction torque of the feed screw 22 are reduced, the amount of heat generation is reduced, and thermal displacement is suppressed.
【０００９】次に、大径のドリル加工のように大きな推
力を必要とする加工を行う時には、制御装置３４は、シ
リンダ２４が大径のドリル加工に必要な推力に相当する
力で主軸ヘッド１０を下方へ付勢するように、シリンダ
２４のポート２８ｂに圧力を加える。これにより、送り
モータ２０の出力に加え、主軸ヘッド１０の重量、シリ
ンダ２４の力が推力として与えられ、小出力の送りモー
タ２０で十分に大きな推力を必要とする加工を行うこと
ができる。また、各種の大きさのドリル加工や工作物４
０の材質等に応じて、各加工に必要な推力に相当する力
で、主軸ヘッド１０を付勢するように、制御装置３４で
制御することも可能である。本実施例によれば、小出力
の送りモータ２０で十分な推力が得られ、また、送りね
じ２２の摩擦トルクが小さく発熱が小さくなる。Next, when performing a process requiring a large thrust, such as a large-diameter drill, the control device 34 causes the cylinder head 24 to exert a force corresponding to the thrust required for the large-diameter drill. Is applied to the port 28b of the cylinder 24 so as to urge the cylinder downward. As a result, in addition to the output of the feed motor 20, the weight of the spindle head 10 and the force of the cylinder 24 are applied as thrust, so that the feed motor 20 with a small output can perform machining that requires a sufficiently large thrust. In addition, drilling of various sizes and workpieces 4
It is also possible to control by the controller 34 so as to urge the spindle head 10 with a force corresponding to the thrust required for each machining depending on the material of No. 0 and the like. According to the present embodiment, a sufficient thrust can be obtained with the feed motor 20 having a small output, and the friction torque of the feed screw 22 is small and heat generation is small.
【００１０】送りモータ２０のモータ電流値は、主軸ヘ
ッド１０移動時の負荷に応じて変動するので、制御装置
３４は送りモータ２０のモータ電流を検出してバランサ
による主軸ヘッド１０へ付勢する力を自動制御すること
も可能である。図３は制御装置３４による自動制御手順
のフローチャートである。送りモータ２０のモータ電流
を検出し（＃１）、これに基づいて推力を必要とする移
動かどうかを判定する（＃２）。モータ電流が所定値よ
りも少なければ、加工を行なっていない上方又は下方へ
の常時移動であると判断し、バランサ即ちシリンダ２４
を駆動して主軸ヘッド１０を上方に付勢する（＃３）。
所定値以上であれば、加工を行う下方への推力を必要と
する移動であると判断し、バランサで主軸ヘッド１０を
下方に付勢する（＃４）。これらの力の付勢量は、モー
タ電流検出値に応じて可変とすればよい。Since the motor current value of the feed motor 20 fluctuates according to the load when the spindle head 10 moves, the control device 34 detects the motor current of the feed motor 20 and the force for biasing the spindle head 10 by the balancer. It is also possible to control automatically. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an automatic control procedure by the control device 34. The motor current of the feed motor 20 is detected (# 1), and based on this, it is determined whether or not the movement requires thrust (# 2). If the motor current is less than the predetermined value, it is judged that the motor is always moving upward or downward without machining, and the balancer, that is, the cylinder 24.
To drive the spindle head 10 upward (# 3).
If it is equal to or more than the predetermined value, it is determined that the movement requires downward thrust for machining, and the balancer urges the spindle head 10 downward (# 4). The urging amount of these forces may be variable according to the motor current detection value.
【００１１】本発明は上記実施例構成に限られず、種々
の変形が可能である。例えば、小径のドリル加工のよう
に大きな推力を必要としない加工を行う時には、送りモ
ータ２０の推力と主軸ヘッド１０の自重で足りると考え
られるので、制御装置３４は、シリンダ２４に圧力を与
えず、主軸ヘッド１０を下方向に付勢しないようにして
もよい。また、シリンダ２４駆動のために油圧に代えて
エアーを用いることもできる。また、シリンダ２４のシ
リンダロッド２６は主軸ヘッド１０の上面に連結される
が、この連結は主軸ヘッド１０の重量を打ち消すに適切
な位置とすることが望ましい。The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, when performing processing that does not require a large thrust, such as a small-diameter drill, it is considered that the thrust of the feed motor 20 and the weight of the spindle head 10 are sufficient, so the control device 34 does not apply pressure to the cylinder 24. The spindle head 10 may not be biased downward. Further, air may be used instead of hydraulic pressure to drive the cylinder 24. Further, the cylinder rod 26 of the cylinder 24 is connected to the upper surface of the spindle head 10, but it is desirable that this connection be at a position suitable for canceling the weight of the spindle head 10.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、常時は主
軸ヘッドを上方に付勢しているため、小出力の送りモー
タで十分な推力が得られ、また、送りモータの負荷や主
軸ヘッドの結合された送りねじの摩擦トルクが小さくな
り、発熱を小さくすることができる。しかも、大きな推
力を必要とする加工時は、送りモータの出力に加えて主
軸ヘッドの重量、バランサ（負荷手段）の力が推力とし
て得られるので、小出力の送りモータで高負荷の加工を
行うことができる。As described above, according to the present invention, since the spindle head is normally urged upward, a sufficient thrust can be obtained by the feed motor of small output, and the load of the feed motor and the spindle can be obtained. The friction torque of the feed screw connected to the head is reduced, and heat generation can be reduced. Moreover, during machining that requires a large thrust, the weight of the spindle head and the force of the balancer (load means) can be obtained as thrust in addition to the output of the feed motor, so high-load machining is performed with a feed motor with a small output. be able to.
【図１】本発明の一実施例による工作機械の主軸ヘッド
移動装置の側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view of a spindle head moving device of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】主軸ヘッド移動装置の部分正面図である。FIG. 2 is a partial front view of a spindle head moving device.
【図３】制御装置による自動制御手順を示すフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an automatic control procedure by the control device.
１０ 主軸ヘッド ２０ 送りモータ ２４ シリンダ（負荷手段） ２６ シリンダロッド ３４ 制御装置（制御手段） ３８ 工具 ４０ 工作物（被加工物） 10 Spindle Head 20 Feed Motor 24 Cylinder (Loading Means) 26 Cylinder Rod 34 Control Device (Control Means) 38 Tool 40 Workpiece (Workpiece)
Claims (1)
けられる主軸ヘッドと、この主軸ヘッドを上下に駆動す
る送りモータを有した工作機械のバランサ装置におい
て、 上記主軸ヘッドに連結され、該主軸ヘッドに上又は下方
向に力を付勢する負荷手段と、 常時は上記主軸ヘッドに働く重力に抗して上方向に力を
付勢し、上記工具による被加工物への加工時には下方向
に付勢し、あるいは力を加えないように上記負荷手段を
制御する制御手段とを備えたことを特徴とする工作機械
のバランサ装置。1. A balancer device for a machine tool having a spindle head movably supported up and down and to which a tool is attached, and a feed motor for driving the spindle head up and down, the spindle head being connected to the spindle head. Load means for urging a force upwards or downwards, and normally, a force is urged upwards against the gravity acting on the spindle head, and a downward force is applied when machining a workpiece with the tool. A balancer device for a machine tool, comprising: control means for controlling the load means so as not to apply force or force.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10990593A JPH06297217A (en) | 1993-04-12 | 1993-04-12 | Balancing device for machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10990593A JPH06297217A (en) | 1993-04-12 | 1993-04-12 | Balancing device for machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06297217A true JPH06297217A (en) | 1994-10-25 |
Family
ID=14522133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10990593A Withdrawn JPH06297217A (en) | 1993-04-12 | 1993-04-12 | Balancing device for machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06297217A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002022306A1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-21 | Pascal Kabushiki Kaisha | Spindle balancer for machine tool |
| WO2002066205A2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2002-08-29 | Acd Technologies S.P.A. | Operating head for a machine tool with a spindle rotating on a vertical axis |
| EP1362666A1 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2003-11-19 | Pascal Engineering Corporation | Machine tool main shaft balancer |
| WO2007099632A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-07 | Pascal Engineering Corporation | Machine tool main spindle balancer |
| KR100936547B1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2010-01-11 | 한전케이피에스 주식회사 | Removal apparatus of the reactor coolant pump casing stuck bolt |
| KR101536775B1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2015-07-14 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | Apparatus for increasing machining distance of vertical type machine tool |
| CN109227210A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽恒辉机械有限公司 | A kind of high pressure nitrogen counterweight balancing hydraulic system for work pieces process |
-
1993
- 1993-04-12 JP JP10990593A patent/JPH06297217A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002022306A1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-21 | Pascal Kabushiki Kaisha | Spindle balancer for machine tool |
| EP1319465A1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2003-06-18 | Pascal Kabushiki Kaisha | Spindle balancer for machine tool |
| US6915879B2 (en) | 2000-09-18 | 2005-07-12 | Pascal Engineering Corporation | Main shaft balancing device for machine tool |
| EP1319465A4 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2004-03-24 | Pascal Eng Corp | Spindle balancer for machine tool |
| WO2002066205A2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2002-08-29 | Acd Technologies S.P.A. | Operating head for a machine tool with a spindle rotating on a vertical axis |
| WO2002066205A3 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-01-03 | Acd Technologies S P A | Operating head for a machine tool with a spindle rotating on a vertical axis |
| EP1362666A4 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2004-04-07 | Pascal Eng Corp | Machine tool main shaft balancer |
| EP1362666A1 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2003-11-19 | Pascal Engineering Corporation | Machine tool main shaft balancer |
| WO2007099632A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-07 | Pascal Engineering Corporation | Machine tool main spindle balancer |
| JPWO2007099632A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2009-07-16 | パスカルエンジニアリング株式会社 | Spindle balancer for machine tools |
| KR100936547B1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2010-01-11 | 한전케이피에스 주식회사 | Removal apparatus of the reactor coolant pump casing stuck bolt |
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| CN109227210A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽恒辉机械有限公司 | A kind of high pressure nitrogen counterweight balancing hydraulic system for work pieces process |
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