JPH06280822A - Fluid pressure motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the structure of a fluid pressure motor by forming many orifices in a rotor part between the wall faces adjacent in a circumferential direction of a pair of fluid pressure working chambers, and making a pair of the fluid pressure working chambers communicate with each other, and providing the fluid pressure working chamber with fluid passages for severally supply-discharging the fluid pressure. CONSTITUTION:A pair of fluid pressure working chambers 40, 41 is formed at positions being different in the circumferential directions of a rotor 20. Many orifices 50 are formed in a rotor part 20 between wall faces adjacent in a circumferencial direction of the working chambers 40, 41 to make the working chambers 40, 41 communicate with each other, and the fluid pressure can be severally supplied and discharged through a fluid passing means. When the fluid pressure is supplied to the working chamber 40 and discharged from the working chamber 41, since a pressure receiving area of a pressure receiving wall face where the orifice is not opened of two pressure receiving wall faces crossing the circumferential direction of the working chamber 40 at right angles is wider as much as the total passage area than the pressure receiving area of the pressure receiving wall face where the orifice 50 is opened, torque is generated by a difference between the above pressure receiving area, and the rotor 20 rotates so that the pressure receiving wall face where the orifice 50 is not opened may turn toward a leading direction. Thus the fluid pressure motor becomes simple in constitution.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid pressure motor,
In particular, the present invention relates to a fluid pressure motor of a type in which fluid pressure is applied to a rotor in a motor case to rotate the rotor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a hydraulic motor which is provided with a rotor rotating in a motor case and hydraulically acts on the rotor to rotate the rotor, a hydraulic working chamber is formed in the rotor of the hydraulic motor. Simply by filling the hydraulic working chamber with the hydraulic pressure, the oil pressure in the forward rotation direction and the oil pressure in the reverse rotation direction act on the rotor, and the torque for rotating the rotor cannot be generated. Therefore, in order to apply the hydraulic pressure to the rotor to generate the torque, it is necessary to provide a plurality of vanes on the rotor and apply the hydraulic pressure to one side of these vanes like the vane type hydraulic motor. It is necessary to switch the attitude of a plurality of vanes in order to switch the rotation direction of.

[0003]

In the conventional vane type hydraulic motor, there are many parts such as a plurality of vanes and an urging mechanism for urging the vanes toward the case side. In addition to these parts, complicated hydraulic pressure is required. There is a problem that the structure becomes complicated by the circuit and the like, the size becomes large for the capacity, and the manufacturing cost becomes high.
Conventionally, a hydraulic working chamber is formed in a rotor of a hydraulic motor or in a rotor and a motor case, and torque is generated by making a pressure receiving area of one wall surface of the hydraulic working chamber different from a pressure receiving area of the other wall surface. The technology is unknown, and hydraulic motors and air motors that utilize this principle have not yet been put to practical use. An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid pressure motor having a simple configuration that utilizes the principle of generating torque by making the pressure receiving area of one wall surface of the fluid pressure working chamber different from the pressure receiving area of the other wall surface. .

[0004]

A fluid pressure motor according to claim 1 is a motor case capable of accommodating a rotating body, a rotor rotatably mounted in the motor case, and a motor case fixed outside the motor case. Is formed in the rotor portion between the output shaft extending to, the pair of fluid pressure working chambers formed at different positions in the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the wall surfaces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the pair of fluid pressure working chambers. A plurality of orifices, which are provided with a large number of orifices for communicating a pair of fluid pressure working chambers, and a fluid passage means for supplying and discharging a fluid pressure to and from the pair of fluid pressure working chambers, respectively. is there.

A fluid pressure motor according to a second aspect of the present invention is the motor of the first aspect, wherein the rotor includes a shaft member integral with the output shaft, and a plate-shaped first partition member extending from the shaft member to the inner surface of the motor case. A second partition member extending from the shaft member to the inner surface of the motor case on the side opposite to the partition member with respect to the shaft member, the second partition member having a large number of orifices, and the pair of fluid pressure actuations. Room
It is formed between the first partition member and the second partition member. A fluid pressure motor according to a third aspect of the present invention is the motor of the first aspect, wherein the rotor portion is composed of a large number of small-diameter spheres, and the large number of orifices is composed of gap passages between a large number of small-diameter spheres. Is.

[0006]

In the fluid pressure motor according to the present invention, the rotor is rotatably mounted in the motor case motor case capable of accommodating the rotating body, and the output shaft is fixed to the rotor and outside the motor case. And a pair of fluid pressure working chambers are formed at different positions in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
A large number of orifices are formed in the rotor portion between the wall surfaces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the pair of fluid pressure working chambers, and the plurality of orifices communicate the pair of fluid pressure working chambers with each other.
Fluid pressure can be supplied to and discharged from the pair of fluid pressure working chambers by the fluid passage means.

When the fluid pressure is supplied to one of the fluid pressure operating chambers and the fluid pressure is discharged from the other fluid pressure operating chamber, one of the two pressure receiving wall surfaces orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the one fluid pressure operating chamber. Since the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving wall on the side where the orifice does not open is larger than the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving wall on the side where the orifice opens, by the total passage area of the orifice,
Due to the difference in the pressure receiving area, torque for rotating the rotor is generated, and the rotor rotates such that the pressure receiving wall surface where the orifice is not opened is in the leading direction. here,
When the total passage area of the multiple orifices is ΔA, the average pressure drop across the multiple orifices is ΔP, the average radius from the rotor shaft center to the multiple orifices is Rm, and the generated torque is T, the torque T is roughly Is as follows: T = ΔP × ΔA × Rm For the torque generation principle, see the description of the embodiment.

As described above, in the fluid pressure motor of the present invention,
Motor case, rotor, output shaft, a pair of fluid pressure working chambers,
It is possible to obtain a fluid pressure motor having a simple structure including a large number of orifices formed in the rotor, a pair of fluid passage means, and the like.
In the fluid pressure motor according to the third aspect, since the large number of orifices are formed by the gap passages between the large number of small-diameter spherical bodies, the structure of the orifices can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0009]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below. This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic motor. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hydraulic motor 1 includes a motor case 10, a rotor 20, an output shaft 70, and a motor. A pair of hydraulic working chambers 40 and 41 formed at two different positions in the circumferential direction of the rotor 20 in the case 10, and a large number of orifices 50 and a pair of hydraulic pressure formed in the rotor 20 in the circumferential direction. The working chambers 40 and 41 are constituted by a hydraulic passage mechanism 60 for supplying and discharging hydraulic pressure.

Explaining the motor case 10, the motor case 10 includes a cylindrical case body 11, an end wall member 12 that closes the left end portion thereof, and an end wall member 13 that closes the right end portion of the case body 11. With the four through bolts 14, the case body 11 is provided with both end wall members 12,
13 is fixed. The rotor 20 will be described. The shaft member 21 coaxial with the output shaft 70 and the shaft member 21.
Partition member 2 extending from the inside to the inner surface of the case body 11
2 and a second partition member 23 extending from the shaft member 21 to the inner surface of the case body 11.

The first partition member 22 is a rectangular plate-shaped member that partitions the space between the shaft member 21 and the motor case 10. The first partition member 22 is arranged in the radial direction with respect to the shaft member 21, and its inner end is the shaft member 21. Is fixed to the inner surface of the case body 11 via a seal member 24 so as to be slidable in an oil-tight manner. The second partition member 23 is the shaft member 2
1 is a fan-shaped member for partitioning the space between the motor case 10 and the motor case 10. The second partition member 23 is disposed on the opposite side of the shaft member 21 from the first partition member 22, and the inner end thereof is the shaft member. 21 is welded and fixed to the case body 1 at its outer end.
It is slidably in contact with the inner surface of 1. In the motor case 10, a hydraulic operating chamber 40 having a fan-shaped cross section is formed on one side of the shaft member 21, the first partition member 22, and the second partition member 23, and the shaft member 21 and the first partition member 2 are formed.
On the other side of the second partition member 23 and the second partition member 23, a hydraulic operating chamber 41 having a fan-shaped cross section is formed.

The left end of the shaft member 21 is the end wall member 12
Is rotatably supported by a shaft support hole via a bearing 25, and a nut member 26 is screwed to the left end of the shaft member 21 outside the end wall member 12. The right end portion of the shaft member 21 is rotatably supported in a pivot hole of the end wall member 13 via a bearing 27, and has a flange portion 71 of the output shaft 70 and a nut member 2.
The position of the shaft member 21 and the output shaft 70 is restricted by 6 in the axial direction. The second partition member 23 is formed with a large number of small-diameter arc-shaped orifices 50 that connect the hydraulic working chambers 40 and 41 with each other.

The hydraulic passage mechanism 60 for supplying and discharging hydraulic pressure to and from the pair of hydraulic working chambers 40 and 41 will be described. In the motor case 10, an annular plate member 61 slidably contacting the inner surface of the end wall member 113 is externally fitted to the shaft member 21, the inner peripheral portion thereof is fixed to the shaft member 21 by welding, and the outer peripheral end thereof is It is in sliding contact with the inner surface of the case body 11 via the seal member 62 so as to be slidable in an oil-tight manner. Further, the annular plate member 61 is
The first partition member 22 and the second partition member 23 are also welded and joined.

A pair of inner and outer annular grooves 63, 64 are formed on the inner surface of the end wall member 13, and the annular plate member 61 has an arc hole 65 for communicating the inner annular groove 63 with the hydraulic working chamber 40.
And an arc hole 66 that connects the outer annular groove 64 to the hydraulic working chamber 41. The end wall member 13 includes
A first hydraulic port 67 and a second hydraulic port 68 are formed, the first hydraulic port 67 communicates with the inner annular groove 63, and the second hydraulic port 68 communicates with the outer annular groove 64. The second hydraulic ports 67 and 68 are connected to the hydraulic pressure supply device 80 by hydraulic hoses 69a and 69b, respectively.

The hydraulic pressure supply device 80 includes a hydraulic pump 81.
In the state shown in the drawing, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic operating chamber 40 and the hydraulic pressure is discharged from the hydraulic operating chamber 41, but the directional switching valve 82 is provided. When 82 is switched, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic operating chamber 41, and the hydraulic pressure is discharged from the hydraulic operating chamber 40.

Next, the operation of the hydraulic motor 1 described above will be described. When the hydraulic pressure of a predetermined pressure is supplied to the hydraulic pressure chamber 40 and the hydraulic pressure is discharged from the hydraulic pressure chamber 41, a torque for rotating the rotor 20 in the arrow X direction in the drawing acts and the rotor 20 rotates in the arrow X direction. When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic operating chamber 41 and discharged from the hydraulic operating chamber 40, a torque for rotating the rotor 20 in the direction opposite to the arrow X in the drawing acts and the rotor 20 moves in the direction opposite to the arrow X. Rotate to.

The principle of torque generation will be described below. The hydraulic pressure supplied to the hydraulic operating chamber 40 is P, the hydraulic pressure (drain pressure) in the hydraulic operating chamber 41 is P0, the pressure receiving area of the pressure receiving surface orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the first partition member 22 is A, and the second partition member 23 is The total passage area of a large number of orifices 50 is Δ
A, average pressure drop across multiple orifices 50
Let Pm be the average radius from the shaft center of the shaft member 21 to the large number of orifices 50 (which is equal to the average radius of the pressure receiving surface) be Rm, and the torque acting on the rotor 20 be T, the following equation holds. To do. T = [P × A−P (A−ΔA) + P0 (A−ΔA) −P
0 × A] × Rm = ΔA (P−P0) × Rm = ΔA × ΔP
× Rm

Since both ΔA and ΔP are positive,
The torque T also becomes positive, a torque T that rotationally drives the rotor 20 in the direction of arrow X is generated, and the rotor 20 rotates in the direction of arrow X. As is clear from the above equation,
The larger the total passage area ΔA of the orifice 50, and the larger the pressure drop ΔP at the orifice 50,
The torque T increases. To increase the total passage area ΔA of the orifices, (a) increase the number of orifices, (b) increase the passage area of the orifices, and increase the pressure drop ΔP at the orifices,
(C) increase the length of the orifice, (d) decrease the passage area of the orifice,

However, since the condition (b) and the condition (d) are contradictory to each other, in practice, the number of orifices is increased, the length of the orifice is increased, and the passage area of the orifice is It will be set to an appropriate size in relation to the length of the orifice. In the above description, the fluid pressure is supplied to one fluid pressure operating chamber 40 and the other fluid pressure operating chamber 41 is supplied.
The case where the fluid pressure is discharged from the above is described as an example, but when the fluid pressure is supplied to the other fluid pressure operating chamber 41 and the fluid pressure is discharged from the one fluid pressure operating chamber 40, the opposite direction to the above is applied. Of torque T acts on the rotor 20,
It will rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow X.

Further, instead of the hydraulic passage mechanism 60, two oil holes are formed in the shaft member 21 from the left end portion of the shaft member 21, and one of the oil holes is made to communicate with one hydraulic working chamber 40, and A configuration in which the other oil hole communicates with the other hydraulic working chamber 41 can be adopted, but in this case, the motor case 1
A rotary joint for connecting an oil passage is required at the left end of the shaft member 21 outside 0.

Next, a first alternative embodiment in which a part of the above embodiment is modified will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The configurations of the motor case 10 and the hydraulic passage mechanism 60 of the hydraulic motor 1A are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, but the configurations of the rotor 20A, the hydraulic working chambers 40 and 41, and the orifice 50 are changed. The hydraulic working chambers 40 and 41 are connected to the communication holes 65A and 6A.
6A communicates with the inner and outer annular grooves 63, 64.
The rotor 20A of the hydraulic motor 1A has a shaft member 21A.
And a first partition member 22A having a substantially fan-shaped cross section and a second partition member 23A having a semicircular cross section. The second
The partition member 23A is formed by welding and joining a rectangular plate 42 joined to the shaft member 21A, a curved plate 43 having a 180 ° arc cross section in sliding contact with the inner surface of the case body 11, and a pair of left and right end plates 44, 45. , Is a structure in which a large number of small-diameter spheres 46 are filled therein, and a large number of orifices 50 that connect the hydraulic pressure operating chamber 40 and the hydraulic pressure operating chamber 41 to each other are provided with a large number of small holes 47 formed in the rectangular plate 42. It is composed of a plurality of small diameter spherical bodies 46 and gap passages 48. With this structure, the structure of the orifice 50 can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In order to make the orifice resistance on the inner peripheral side and the orifice resistance on the outer peripheral side as equal as possible, the spherical body 46 on the inner peripheral side is
To have a smaller diameter than the sphere 46 on the outer peripheral side, or the sphere 4
The diameter of 6 may be reduced toward the inner peripheral side. The operation of the hydraulic motor 1A is the same as that of the hydraulic motor 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Next, a second alternative embodiment in which a part of the above embodiment is modified will be briefly described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, a rotor 20B of the hydraulic motor 1B includes a shaft member 21B, a pair of first partition members 22B fixed to the shaft member 21B, and a pair of first partition members 22B fixed to the shaft member 21B. It is composed of two partition members 23B, and by these members, four hydraulic working chambers 40A, 40B, 41A, 41
B is formed, a large number of small-diameter orifices 50 are formed in the second partition member 23B, and the hydraulic working chambers 40A, 40B located on both sides of the shaft member 21B and facing each other are inwardly communicated via the communication hole 65B. Of the hydraulic working chambers 41 that are communicated with the annular groove 63 of the shaft member 21 and that are located on opposite sides of the shaft member 21B.
A and 41B are the outer annular grooves 64 through the communication holes 66B.
Is in communication with.

That is, when the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic operating chambers 40A and 40B, the hydraulic pressure is discharged from the hydraulic operating chambers 41A and 41B, and when the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic operating chambers 41A and 41B. The hydraulic pressure is discharged from 40A and 40B. Assuming that the specifications are the same as those in the above embodiment, the generated torque in this hydraulic motor 1B is twice as large as the generated torque T in the above embodiment.
It is also possible to form six hydraulic working chambers to triple the generated torque based on the same idea as in the present embodiment, and to generate more hydraulic working chambers to further increase the generated torque. It can also be made larger.

As described above, according to the hydraulic motor of the present invention, the hydraulic pressure is received over the entire wall surface of one of the hydraulic working chambers, and the large number of orifices 50 are provided on the other wall surface of the hydraulic working chamber.
Are opened to reduce the pressure receiving area by the total opening area of the orifices 50, whereby torque for rotationally driving the rotor can be generated. Moreover, in this hydraulic motor, the rotor is the only movable member, and it is not necessary to provide any other movable member, and the structure of the hydraulic passage is not so complicated. Therefore, the structure of the hydraulic motor is simple and the number of parts is small. Therefore, it can be manufactured at low cost, and it has excellent durability because it has few wear parts.

Regarding the structure of the orifice and the portion of the rotor that forms the orifice, a structure in which a large number of small-diameter wire rods are stacked in a bundle is used, and the orifice is formed with a gap between the large number of small-diameter wire rods. It has a structure in which a large number of small-diameter pipe materials are stacked in a bundle, and an orifice is formed by the gap between the pipe materials inside the passages of these large-diameter pipe materials, or a porous metal in a porous sintered metal material is used. It is possible to form the orifice with a quality communication hole or to configure in various ways.

In the above embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic motor has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to an air motor, in which case the pressure of the pressurized air is changed to hydraulic pressure. Since it is relatively low, it is necessary to make the passage resistance of the orifice small by increasing the passage area of each orifice or reducing the passage length of the orifice.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic motor according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a hydraulic motor according to another embodiment.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic motor of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a hydraulic motor according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1A, 1B Hydraulic motor 10 Motor case 20, 20A, 20B Rotor 21 Shaft member 22, 22A, 22B First partition member 23, 23A, 23B Second partition member 40, 40A, 40B Hydraulic working chamber 41, 41A, 41B Hydraulic working chamber 46 Sphere 50 Orifice 60 Hydraulic passage mechanism 70 Output shaft

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A motor case capable of accommodating a rotating body, a rotor rotatably mounted in the motor case, an output shaft fixed to the rotor and extending to the outside of the motor case, and a circumferential direction of the rotor. A pair of fluid pressure working chambers formed at different positions, and a plurality of orifices formed in a rotor portion between wall surfaces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the pair of fluid pressure working chambers,
A fluid pressure motor comprising: a plurality of orifices for communicating a pair of fluid pressure operation chambers; and a fluid passage means for supplying / discharging a fluid pressure to / from the pair of fluid pressure operation chambers, respectively. 2. The rotor includes a shaft member integrated with an output shaft, a plate-shaped first partition member extending from the shaft member to an inner surface of a motor case, and a shaft on a side opposite to the partition member with respect to the shaft member. A second partition member extending from the member to the inner surface of the motor case, the second partition member having a large number of orifices formed therein, wherein the pair of fluid pressure working chambers are provided between the first partition member and the second partition member. The fluid pressure motor according to claim 1, wherein the fluid pressure motor is formed. 3. The fluid according to claim 1, wherein the rotor portion is composed of a large number of small-diameter spherical bodies, and the large number of orifices is composed of a clearance passage between a large number of small-diameter spherical bodies. Pressure motor.