JPH06277651A - Sorting of waste such as vinyl component from garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily sort waste such as a vinyl component from garbage. CONSTITUTION:Garbage is charged in animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil heated in a hermetically closed container and the animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil heated in the hermetically closed container under reduced pressure is used as a heating medium to stirr and heat the garbage. In an initial pressure reducing process, the garbage is treated under reduced pressure of 100-300 mm Hg and, in an intermediate pressure reducing process, the garbage is treated under reduced pressure of 500-700mm Hg and, in a final post-stage pressure reducing process, the garbage is treated under reduced pressure of 700-750mm Hg to remove the moisture of the garbage. The treated garbage taken out of the hermetically closed container is compressed or centrifugally separated to remove oil and the treated garbage is finely ground and waste such as a vinyl component is separated from waste by a sieve.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for sorting waste such as vinyl from garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, from kitchen at home to kitchen garbage (garbage)
Was treated in a landfill or incinerated in a landfill, but since garbage contains a large amount of active ingredients such as proteins, in recent years it has been necessary to remove proteins etc. from this garbage. , Had to produce fertilizer and feed.

[0003]

However, the conventional methods for treating garbage etc. have the following problems. That is, when producing fertilizer etc. from kitchen waste, kitchen waste is
It was put in a plastic bag and discarded, so the garbage was treated as it was for fertilizer production.

However, the vinyl bag was dissolved in the raw material when the kitchen waste was heated in the above treatment.
Therefore, before the treatment, the vinyl bag and the like were removed from the kitchen waste for treatment, but the waste was not easily selectable from the vinyl and the like because the vinyl bag was very troublesome.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for selecting vinyl from garbage that solves the above problems.

[0006]

According to the present invention, kitchen waste is put into heated animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil in a closed container, and the heated animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil is heated while decompressing the inside of the closed container. As a result, the kitchen waste is stirred and heated, and in the initial decompression process, it is treated under a reduced pressure condition smaller than atmospheric pressure, and then in the latter decompression process, it is treated under a decompressed condition larger than atmospheric pressure. It is characterized in that water is dehydrated, and the treated kitchen waste taken out from the closed container is deoiled by compression or centrifugation, and then the treated kitchen waste is finely crushed and waste such as vinyl is separated from the kitchen waste with a sieving machine. It is intended to provide a method for selecting waste such as vinyl from the kitchen waste.

Further, in the present invention, garbage is put into the heated animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil in the closed container, and the heated animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil is used as a heat medium while depressurizing the inside of the closed container. Stir and heat, and in the initial depressurization process, treat under a reduced pressure condition of 100 mmHg to 300 mmHg above atmospheric pressure, then in the middle stage decompression process, treat under a reduced pressure condition of 500 mmHg to 700 mmHg above atmospheric pressure, and finally in the latter stage. 700 mmHg to 750 mmHg from normal pressure during depressurization process
The water in the kitchen waste is dehydrated by performing the treatment under reduced pressure conditions, and the treated kitchen waste taken out from the closed container is deoiled by compression or centrifugation, and then the treated kitchen waste is finely crushed and sieved. The present invention also provides a method for separating waste such as vinyl from the waste, which is characterized in that waste such as vinyl is separated from the waste.

[0008]

【Example】

(First Example) The present invention will be specifically described below based on Examples. First, in a cooker having an internal volume of 6.5 m ³ capable of being sealed, about 800 kg of animal oil, vegetable oil, fish oil,
Put a single oil such as chicken oil or mixed oil, and heat the oil with steam injected into the jacket of the cooker to keep the oil temperature at about 90 ° C.
Heat to ~ 120 ° C.

Next, since the heating oil is not maintained at the above temperature, the inside of the cooker is stirred and the inside of the cooker is depressurized.

The depressurizing treatment is carried out by immersing the kitchen waste in the heating oil for a period of about 30 minutes for the initial period of time under a depressurizing condition of longitude at which the protein is likely to be thermally coagulated, that is, depressurizing by 10 to 20 mmHg from atmospheric pressure, The water content is 3 ~ after the treatment for about 60 minutes under the strong depressurized condition, that is, the normal depressurized condition of 740 ~ 750mmHg.
Dehydrate to about 6%.

That is, in this embodiment, at the initial stage of depressurization,
By reducing the oil temperature and atmospheric pressure by about 10 to 20 mmHg, the water-soluble proteins and gelatin in the kitchen waste are first solidified and stabilized to prevent these taste components from flowing out, and to prevent atmospheric pressure during processing. The moisture contained in the tissue of the garbage is evaporated under a reduced pressure condition of 740 to 750 mmHg, and the heating oil permeates into the cavities of the cell tissue after evaporation of the water by heating, and the moisture and heating oil in the cell tissue are changed. And heating the same garbage using heating oil as a heat medium.

In addition, during the heat treatment with the heating oil, the above-mentioned oil temperature prevents the vinyl from melting under the reduced pressure condition, and in that state, the heating oil also flows into the vinyl, The food waste is easily heated.

Next, the kitchen waste treated from the cooker is taken out to the oil-cutting hopper and put into a compressor or a centrifuge to deoil the kitchen waste to deoil the oil to 5 to 15%.

Further, after deoiling treatment, it is put in an intermediate hopper, and the treated kitchen waste is put in a sieving machine, and is passed through the sieving machine to separate into a processed product and a waste product such as vinyl of a certain size. The processed material is put into a crusher to finely crush the kitchen waste. Next, the finely crushed processed product is passed through a sieving machine, and waste such as vinyl is separated from the processed product by the sieving machine. The treated product obtained by the above method has a high content of active ingredients such as proteins and can be used as fertilizers, feeds and the like.

(Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, about 800 kg of a single oil or a mixed oil of animal oil, vegetable oil, fish oil, chicken oil, etc. is put into a cooker having an internal volume of 6.5 m ³ which can be sealed. , The oil is heated by steam that is press-fitted into the jacket of the cooker, and the oil temperature is heated to around 70 ° C to 80 ° C.

The oil temperature is the temperature at which the nutrients in the kitchen waste are thermally dissolved without being dissolved in the oil.

Next, 800 kg of kitchen waste (garbage) containing water from the kitchen is put into the heating oil in the cooker, the cooker is closed, and the oil temperature of the heating oil in the cooker is adjusted to about While stirring at around 60 ℃, stirring in the cooker,
Reduce the pressure inside the cooker.

The depressurizing treatment is carried out 5 to 10 times after the kitchen waste is charged.
In the initial depressurization process of about a minute, dehydration is promoted by promoting evaporation of water in the kitchen waste by heating oil at 63 ° C to 66 ° C under a depressurized condition of 250 mmHg smaller than normal pressure.

Next, in the intermediate pressure reduction process,
Under a large decompression condition of 650 mmHg, the decompression treatment is performed at an oil temperature of 54 ° C to 56 ° C, and this state is maintained for about 20 minutes. Since the reduced pressure condition is close to the boiling point of water, the water contained in the kitchen waste is evaporated and dehydrated.

And, in the final late decompression process,
Under reduced pressure conditions of around 750 mmHg from normal pressure, the oil temperature is 62
Depressurize at around ℃. At this stage, the dehydration process started from the medium-term decompression process is continued, and finally,
The water content of the raw material is dehydrated to a state of 4 to 6%. The reaction time is about 1 to 1.5 hours, varying depending on the kind and amount of the raw materials. The graph of FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the pressure reduction amount and the pressure reduction time in the above three-stage pressure reduction process.

As described above, by carrying out the three-stage depressurization treatment, useful nutrients such as water-soluble protein and gelatin in the garbage are coagulated and stabilized in the tissue of the raw material in the initial depressurization process. The flow-out and decomposition of these components are prevented, and the water in the tissue is dehydrated rapidly in the intermediate decompression process, and the dehydration treatment is completed in the late decompression process.

And, including salt and the like transferred from the garbage,
The heated vegetable oil, fish oil or animal oil is replaced with the water contained in the kitchen waste and contained in the tissue of the raw material, and due to the osmotic action of salt, the water content is completely exuded to the extracellular part of the tissue. A dramatic dehydration process can be performed.

Further, in the pre-decompression process, the oil temperature is 50 ° C.
Since almost complete dehydration can be performed at a low temperature of about -60 ° C, useful nutrients such as vitamins that are decomposed by high temperature can be retained in the tissue of the raw material without loss.

Next, the kitchen waste subjected to the reduced pressure heat treatment is taken out from the cooker and physically squeezed by a squeezing device such as a screw press machine, or it is centrifugally separated by a centrifuge to remove the salt content in the stool. , Spicy ingredients,
After separating and removing oil containing pollutant components, if necessary, deoil with an oil remover such as normal hexane to an oil content of 2% or less, then put it in an intermediate hopper and put the treated kitchen waste in a sieve machine. Then, it is passed through the sieving machine to separate it into a processed material and a waste material such as vinyl of a certain size, and the processed material is put into a crusher to finely crush the kitchen waste.

Next, the finely crushed processed product is passed through a sieving machine, and waste such as vinyl is separated from the processed product by the sieving machine. The treated product obtained by the above method has a high content of active ingredients such as proteins and can be used as fertilizers, feeds and the like.

According to the present embodiment, during the heat treatment with the heating oil, the above-mentioned oil temperature prevents the vinyl from melting under the reduced pressure condition, and in that state, the heating oil also flows into the vinyl. The food in it is easily heated.

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, in addition to Embodiment 1,
Raw materials and equipment are the same, but by changing the depressurization conditions,
By performing the three-stage depressurization, it is possible to almost completely dehydrate even by depressurizing at a low temperature.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in the initial depressurization process, a slight depressurization is performed, and 5 to 10 after the start of the reaction.
Reduce the pressure to about 200 mmHg from normal pressure at an oil temperature of about 65 to 69 ° C for 1 minute.

Next, in the medium-term depressurization process, the depressurization is strengthened so that the depressurization is about 600 mmHg from normal pressure, and the oil temperature is set to 55 ° C.
The pressure was kept under the same conditions at a temperature of about -60 ° C for about 20 minutes.

During the above-described depressurization process, water is dehydrated and the oil temperature rises, and at the same time, the pressure becomes close to vacuum.

Then, in the latter stage of decompression,
The pressure was reduced to about 750 mmHg, and the oil temperature was about 62 ° C for 1 to 1.5 hours. The oil treatment after the depressurization treatment was the same as in Example 2.

By performing the above three stages of pressure reduction,
The water content of the raw material can be dehydrated to about 4 to 6%, and the oil temperature can be as low as about 50 to 60 ° C.

(Embodiment 4) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
After the reaction is started, the pressure is reduced to about 300 mmHg from atmospheric pressure for 5 to 10 minutes at an oil temperature of about 65 to 69 ° C.

Next, in the medium-term depressurization process, the depressurization is strengthened so that the depressurization is about 500 mmHg from normal pressure, and the oil temperature is raised to 65 ° C.
Maintain a reduced pressure under the same conditions at a temperature of ~ 69 ° C for about 20 minutes. During the above depressurization process, water is dehydrated, and the oil temperature rises, and at the same time, the pressure also approaches a vacuum.

Then, in the latter stage of depressurization,
The pressure was reduced to around 700 mmHg, and the oil temperature was about 60 ° C and the reaction was carried out for 1 to 1.5 hours. The oil treatment after the depressurization treatment was the same as in Example 2.

By carrying out the above three stages of pressure reduction,
The water content of the raw material can be dehydrated to about 4 to 6%, and the oil temperature can be as low as about 50 to 60 ° C.

As described above, since it is possible to perform almost complete dehydration under low temperature conditions, it is possible to retain useful nutrients such as vitamins, which are decomposed by high temperature, in feed without losing them. . Further, since low temperature heating is sufficient, the reaction can be performed with a simpler heating device.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention,
At the time of heat treatment with heating oil, under the reduced pressure condition, the above oil temperature prevents vinyl from being melted, and
In that state, the heating oil also flows into the vinyl,
The food waste in it is easily heated.

Further, after degreasing the treated kitchen waste,
With a sieving machine, waste such as vinyl can be easily separated from the garbage. Moreover, the treated product from which vinyl or the like is separated has a high content of active ingredients such as proteins, and can be used as fertilizers, feeds and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a decompression process in three-stage decompression according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pressure reduction process in the same three-stage pressure reduction.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a pressure reduction process in the same three-stage pressure reduction.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Eiji Nakazono 4-3-2-207 Hyakudohama, Saray-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 207 (72) Inventor Moriyuki Tsutsumi 1-7-27 Akasaka, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Garbage is added to heated animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil in a closed container, and the animal food, fish oil or vegetable oil heated while depressurizing the closed container is used as a heating medium to stir and heat the kitchen waste. In addition, in the initial decompression process, the treatment is performed under reduced pressure conditions lower than atmospheric pressure, and then in the late decompression process, treatment is performed under reduced pressure conditions greater than atmospheric pressure to dehydrate the water in the garbage, and further, The treated kitchen waste taken out from the closed container is deoiled by compression or centrifugation, and then the treated kitchen waste is finely crushed, and waste such as vinyl is separated from the kitchen waste with a sieving machine. Waste such as vinyl from the kitchen waste. How to sort things. 2. Garbage is added to heated animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil in a closed container, and the animal food, fish oil or vegetable oil, etc., which is heated while decompressing the closed container is used as a heating medium, and the kitchen waste is stirred and heated. Moreover, in the initial decompression process, it is treated under a decompression condition of 100 mmHg to 300 mmHg above atmospheric pressure, and then in the intermediate decompression process it is 500 mmHg above atmospheric pressure
~ 700 mmHg under reduced pressure conditions, and finally, in the latter depressurization process, the water in the kitchen waste was dehydrated by treating under reduced pressure conditions of 700 mmHg ~ 750 mmHg from atmospheric pressure, and then removed from the closed container. The treated kitchen waste is deoiled by compression or centrifugation, and then the treated kitchen waste is finely crushed,
A method of separating waste such as vinyl from the waste, characterized in that waste such as vinyl is separated from the waste with a sieving machine.