JPH07204698A - Method for treating sludge and garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dewater raw material thoroughly at relatively low oil temperature by a method in which oil placed in a cooker is heated, the raw material is immersed in the oil, the pressure of the container is reduced gradually in three stages. CONSTITUTION:Raw material such as sludge and garbage is immersed in oil such as animal oil, fish oil, and vegetable oil which is heated in a cooker. While the pressure of a sealed container is reduced in three stages, the oil, as a heat medium, is heated with stirring. The pressure is kept lower by 250 mmHg than the atmospheric pressure in the initial stage; the pressure in the intermediate stage is lower by 650 mm/Hg than the atmospheric pressure; in the final stage the pressure is further reduced to be lower by 750 mmHg than the atmospheric pressure. In this way, water in the raw material is evaporated at lower oil temperature. The dewatered raw material is separated into oil and solid by a press to obtain protein resources.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating sludge and garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a method of treating sludge and kitchen waste by utilizing oil temperature.

This is because animal oil or vegetable oil is stored in a cooker in advance, these oils are heated and a waste material is put into the oil to separate and evaporate water from the material at the temperature of the oil. The dehydrated solid matter was pressed and deoiled to be used as protein data.

[0004]

However, in such a method, the oil in the cooker is heated to a considerably high temperature in order to completely perform the dehydration in the cooker.

Therefore, the surface of the raw material is hardened by heat, and the water contained in the core of the raw material hardly separates and evaporates.

If a large amount of water remains in the core of the raw material, the subsequent squeezing work cannot be performed sufficiently.

The reason is that the water contained in the core of the raw material cannot repel the external pressure to sufficiently squeeze the oil contained in the raw material.

A raw material having a large amount of residual oil causes an oxidation phenomenon of oil to deteriorate the quality of protein material as a final product.

The present invention is a method for overcoming such drawbacks.

[0010]

The present invention uses sludge or kitchen waste as a raw material, immersing these raw materials in heated oil such as animal oil, fish oil, vegetable oil, etc. in a cooker, and carrying out three steps in a closed container. The heated oil is stirred and heated as a heat medium while depressurizing to 100 mmHg to 300 mmHg from the atmospheric pressure in the initial depressurizing process, and then 500 mmHg from the atmospheric pressure in the intermediate depressurizing process. ~ 70
It was treated under a reduced pressure condition of 0 mmHg, and finally, in the latter decompression process, the treatment was performed under a reduced pressure condition of 700 mmHg to 750 mmHg from normal pressure to separate and evaporate the water contained in the raw material, and then to perform dehydration. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating sludge and kitchen waste, which is characterized in that a raw material is separated into an oil content and a solid matter by a press to obtain protein data.

[0011]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) In the present embodiment, the inner volume 6.5 which can be closed is used.
Some cooker m ^3, animal oils before and after 800kg of putting vegetable oil, fish oil, single oil or a mixed oil of chicken oil, the oil was heated by steam pressed into the jacket of the cooker,
The oil temperature is heated to about 70 ° C to 80 ° C.

The oil temperature is the temperature at which the nutrients in the raw material such as sludge or garbage are thermally solidified without being dissolved in the oil.

Next, 800 kg of raw materials such as sludge and kitchen waste (garbage) containing water from the kitchen are put into the heating oil in the cooker, the cooker is closed, and the inside of the cooker is heated. The inside of the cooker is depressurized while stirring the inside of the cooker while maintaining the oil temperature of the oil at about 60 ° C. The kitchen waste
It refers to kitchen waste such as fish dregs containing gelatinous substances and proteins, meat scraps, etc. in the cooking residue of homes, restaurants, etc.

As shown in FIG. 1, the depressurizing treatment is carried out in the initial depressurizing process about 5 to 10 minutes after the raw materials are charged.
63 ℃ -66 under the reduced pressure condition of 250mmHg which is smaller than normal pressure
Dehydration is promoted by heating the oil around ℃ to promote evaporation of water in the raw material.

Next, in the medium-term depressurization process, the oil temperature is 54 ° C. to 56 ° C. under a depressurization condition of 650 mmHg, which is larger than normal pressure.
Depressurization is carried out at about 0 ° C., and this state is maintained for about 20 minutes. Since the reduced pressure condition is a state close to the boiling point of water, water contained in the raw material is evaporated and dehydrated.

Then, in the final late decompression process,
Under a reduced pressure condition of about 750 mmHg from normal pressure, the oil temperature is about 62 ° C. and the pressure reduction process is performed. At this stage, the dehydration treatment started from the medium-term decompression process is continuously performed, and finally, the water content of the raw material is dehydrated to a state of 4 to 6%. The reaction time is about 1 to 1.5 hours, varying depending on the kind and amount of the raw materials. The graph of FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the pressure reduction amount and the pressure reduction time in the above three-stage pressure reduction process.

By performing the three-stage depressurization treatment as described above, first, in the initial depressurization process, useful water-soluble proteins such as sludge and garbage, and useful nutrients such as gelatin are coagulated in the tissues of the raw materials. It stabilizes and prevents the outflow and decomposition of these components, and in the medium-term decompression process, dehydrates the water in the tissue quickly, and in the latter decompression process, completes the dehydration process. .

[0018] Then, the heated vegetable oil, fish oil or animal oil, which contains salt or the like transferred from the raw materials such as sludge and garbage, is contained in the tissue of the raw material after being replaced with the water contained in the raw material, By the osmotic action of salt,
The water in the tissue completely exudes to the outside of the cells of the tissue, and a dramatic dehydration treatment can be performed.

Further, in the pre-decompression process, the oil temperature is 50
Since almost complete dehydration can be performed at a low temperature of about 60 ° C to 60 ° C, useful nutrients such as vitamins that are decomposed by high temperature can be retained in the raw material tissue without loss.

Next, the raw material subjected to the reduced pressure heat treatment is taken out from the cooker and physically squeezed by a squeezing device such as a screw press machine, or centrifugally separated by a centrifuge to remove salt content in the raw material. , Spicy ingredients,
The oil containing pollutant components etc. is separated and removed, and if necessary, it is deoiled with a deoiling agent such as normanhexane to an oil content of 2% or less, then placed in an intermediate hopper and the treated raw material is placed in a sifter. Then, the product is passed through the same sieving machine to separate the processed product into a certain size of waste such as vinyl, and the processed product is put into a crusher and finely crushed.

Next, the finely crushed processed product is passed through a sieving machine, and waste such as vinyl is separated from the processed product by the sieving machine. The treated product obtained by the above method has a high content of active ingredients such as proteins and can be used as fertilizers, feeds and the like.

(Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, in addition to Embodiment 1,
Raw materials and equipment are the same, but by changing the depressurization conditions,
By performing the three-stage depressurization, it is possible to almost completely dehydrate even by depressurizing at a low temperature.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in the initial depressurization process, a slight depressurization is performed, and 5 to 10 after the start of the reaction.
200 minutes from normal pressure at an oil temperature of about 65 to 69 ° C for a minute
Reduce the pressure to around mmHg.

Next, in the medium-term depressurization process, the depressurization is strengthened so that the depressurization is about 600 mmHg from normal pressure, and the oil temperature is set to 5
A reduced pressure condition under the same conditions was maintained for about 20 minutes at a temperature of about 5 ° C to 60 ° C.

During the above depressurization process, water is dehydrated and the oil temperature rises, and at the same time, the pressure becomes close to vacuum.

Then, the latter decompression stage and normal pressure are 750
The pressure was reduced to around mmHg, and the oil temperature was about 62 ° C. for 1 to 1.5 hours. The oil treatment after the depressurization is the same as in Example 1.
The same process was performed.

By carrying out the above three stages of pressure reduction,
The water content of the raw material can be dehydrated to about 4 to 6%, and the oil temperature can be as low as about 50 to 60 ° C.

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, in the initial depressurization process, a slight depressurization was performed, and the oil temperature around 65 to 69 ° C. was maintained for 5 to 10 minutes after the start of the reaction. The pressure is reduced to around 300 mmHg.

Next, in the medium-term depressurization process, the depressurization is strengthened so that the depressurization is about 500 mmHg from normal pressure, and the oil temperature is set to 6
Maintain a reduced pressure under the same conditions at a temperature of about 5 ° C to 69 ° C for about 20 minutes. During the above depressurization process, water is dehydrated, and the oil temperature rises, and at the same time, the pressure also approaches a vacuum.

In the latter depressurization stage, depressurization is performed at about 700 mmHg from normal pressure and the oil temperature is about 60 ° C.
The treatment was performed for 1.5 hours. The oil processing after depressurization is
The same process as in Example 2 was performed.

By performing the above three stages of pressure reduction,
The water content of the raw material can be dehydrated to about 4 to 6%, and the oil temperature can be as low as about 50 to 60 ° C.

As described above, since it is possible to perform almost complete dehydration under low temperature conditions, useful nutrients such as vitamins which are decomposed by high temperature can be retained in protein data. is there. Further, since low temperature heating is sufficient, the reaction can be performed with a simpler heating device.

[0033]

[Effect] According to the present invention, the oil contained in the cooker is heated, and the raw material is immersed in the oil to reduce the pressure. Particularly, the pressure reducing condition is changed in three steps, and the pressure reducing condition is gradually increased. Therefore, there is an effect that the raw material can be sufficiently dehydrated by the relatively low oil temperature. Also, since the water in the core can be dehydrated, the work of squeezing the oil can be performed easily and surely, and thus the quality of the protein material as the final product can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a pressure reduction process in a three-stage pressure reduction of Example 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pressure reduction process in a three-stage pressure reduction of Example 2.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a pressure reduction process in a three-stage pressure reduction of Example 3.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location B09B 3/00 ZAB C05F 7/00 7537-4H 9/00 7537-4H

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Sludge or kitchen waste as a raw material, these raw materials are immersed in heated oil such as animal oil, fish oil or vegetable oil in a cooker, and the oil in the closed container is depressurized in three steps to heat the oil. Is heated with stirring as a heat medium, and, in the initial depressurization process, 100 mm above normal pressure.
Hg-300mmHg under reduced pressure condition, then in the middle pressure reduction process from normal pressure to 500mmHg-
Treated under a reduced pressure condition of 700 mmHg, and finally, in the latter decompression process, 700 mmHg ~
By treating under a reduced pressure condition of 750 mmHg to separate and evaporate the water contained in the raw material, and then to separate the dehydrated raw material into an oil content and a solid matter with a squeezing machine to obtain protein data. Sludge and garbage disposal method.