JPH06271855A - Estimation of deterioration degree of carbonization chamber in unit coke oven group - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately estimate the subject deterioration degree by measuring the contents of S, N2, O2 or H2, etc., in a fuel, etc., supplied to each combustion chamber of each oven group of a coke oven and the contents of these gas components in the combustion exhaust gas and grasping the change of the ratio or difference between the measured values. CONSTITUTION:A gas-supplying pipe 7 and a gas exhaustion pipe 8 are attached to each oven group unit of a coke oven 1 and each pipe is provided with a gas sampling pipe 10, a gas component analyzer 11 and a gas flow meter 12. Contents of one or more components selected from sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen in the fuel and/or combustion-supporting material to be supplied to each combustion chamber of each cake oven unit of the coke oven 1 and contents of one or more components selected from sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen in the combustion exhaust gas are sampled with the gas sampling pipes 10 attached to the gas supplying pipe 7 and the gas exhaustion pipe 8 and measured by the gas component analyzers 11. The ratio or the difference between both measured values is calculated to accurately estimate the deterioration degree of the carbonization chamber of each coke oven unit. The repairing cost can be reduced by efficiently repairing the chamber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the airtightness of a coke oven unit having a large number of carbonization chambers, specifically, the degree of deterioration of each carbonization chamber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an industrial chamber furnace type coke oven comprises, for example, an independent carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber of about 50 gates, which are alternately adjacent to each other to form one furnace group. The fuel gas and the fuel-supporting substance are supplied and the gas is switched, for example, every 20 to 30 minutes, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged through the flue and the chimney. Further, the carbonization chamber is detachably equipped with a furnace lid on the extrusion side of the coke and the extrusion side of the coke. By arranging different operations such as charging, carbonization, and discharge of coke, the temperature distribution of each furnace group is equalized.

The most important thing in managing the above-mentioned chamber furnace type coke oven is to maintain the airtightness of the carbonization chamber for carbonizing the charged coal into coke. The reason why the airtightness of the carbonization chamber is deteriorated is that the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are aerated because the brick joint breaks due to expansion and contraction caused by repeated heating and cooling of the refractory brick wall that separates the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber. In addition, the carbonization chamber and the outside of the furnace may be ventilated due to thermal deformation of the furnace lids that are detachably installed on both sides of each carbonization chamber, and defective sealing due to deposits, etc. Deterioration of the property slightly varies depending on the furnace operating rate, but it will inevitably occur at short-term or long-term intervals as the operation continues.

In the above-mentioned chamber furnace type coke oven, when a joint break occurs in the wall that separates the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, the portion becomes a through state, and coke gas (hereinafter referred to as COG) leak generated during carbonization. As a result, the amount of fuel supporting materials is locally insufficient in the combustion chamber, which not only causes black smoke and poor carbonization, but also has an adverse effect on the environment and operation. In addition, if the furnace lid is deformed, it may not be possible to deal with it by knocking out the knife edge depending on the situation, and COG flows out from the defective seal portion, which adversely affects the environment and operation. In order to prevent the outflow of COG from the furnace lid, it is sufficient to increase the suction load of generated COG and reduce the pressure in the carbonization chamber. Combustion, coke and COG quality deterioration and yield reduction are inevitable.

Regarding the deterioration of the airtightness of the carbonization chamber, for example, the presence or absence of damage or the site thereof was judged by observing a skilled worker after extruding the coke in each carbonization chamber. As a target, the observation work was a work in a high temperature atmosphere, so that the load was large and the efficiency was poor.
Also, if the furnace lid has a poor seal, COG will flow out of the poor seal after the coal is charged into the carbonization chamber, so it can be found by monitoring by a worker, and can be dealt with by knocking out the knife edge or strengthening suction. However, the workload is heavy and the efficiency is low.

As a method of monitoring the joint breakage in the carbonization chamber without directly observing the operator, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-041902 discloses black smoke detection by a soot concentration meter provided in a flue or a chimney. Disclosed is a method for determining a black smoke generating kiln using a correspondence relationship between a signal and a charging operation timing.
Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-094085 discloses the same technology as described above. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-033184 discloses a method of measuring the SO ₂ concentration in the flue and making the same judgment as above.

However, if the method is to judge by the correspondence between the measured value of the soot concentration in the exhaust gas and the work timing, the load is reduced as compared with the direct monitoring method by the worker. The black smoke resulting from the residual fuel in the pipe during the lapping operation of the carbonization chamber or the gas switching may cause noise, and the misjudgment of the joint cutting carbonization chamber is likely to occur.

Further, when the deterioration of the airtightness is detected and repaired for each carbonization chamber, a sudden deterioration of the airtightness or a breakage of the joint in the carbonization chamber has already progressed to a certain extent to cause incomplete combustion in the combustion chamber. It is effective in the case of reaching. However, in a situation where multiple carbonization chambers are likely to cause airtightness deterioration within a specific period due to the operation history of the furnace, it is not possible to detect even if carbonization chambers with airtightness deterioration in the initial stage occur. Therefore, even if a plurality of such carbonization chambers overlap, their detection accuracy is low. Based on such sudden information, even if the joint breakage of the specific carbonization chamber is confirmed and the repair work is completed, the measurement information may indicate a new deterioration of the carbonization chamber, which is suitable for the coke oven work cycle time. It is not possible to formulate a repair plan, resulting in a decrease in the operating rate of the coke oven.

[0009]

Deterioration of the airtightness of the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is qualitatively almost proportional to the furnace operation history, and it is desired to be able to grasp the tendency from the initial stage of the airtightness degradation. . As described above, deterioration of airtightness due to brick joint breakage in the carbonization chamber or defective sealing of the furnace lid is unavoidably caused by continuing operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for systematically executing maintenance of a portion where airtightness is deteriorated by grasping the tendency of.

[0010]

The present invention is directed to one or more of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen in the fuel and / or fuel combustion support supplied to each combustion chamber of each coke furnace unit. Coke furnace group unit characterized by measuring the content of and the content of one or more of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen in the combustion exhaust gas, and grasping the transition of the ratio or difference between the two measured values. Is a method for evaluating the degree of deterioration in the carbonization chamber.

[0011]

The inventors of the present invention conducted an investigation and study on the deterioration of the airtightness of the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, and found that the airtightness of the plurality of carbonization chambers deteriorated within a specific period depending on the operation history of the coke oven. It has been found that it tends to be easier. The timing of occurrence of the airtightness deterioration of the carbonization chamber varies depending on the cause, for example, a poor sealing of the furnace lid, a joint breakage of the wall of the carbonization chamber, etc. Therefore, there is a tendency that deterioration frequently occurs within a specific period.

Therefore, the sulfur contained in the fuel and / or the fuel combustion support supplied to each combustion chamber of each unit of the coke oven furnace group,
The content of one or more of nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen and the content of one, two or more of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen in the fuel exhaust gas are measured. The amount of oxygen or hydrogen can be grasped, and after functioning as sensible heat for coal carbonization, the amount of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen discharged outside the system can be grasped. Then, looking at the transition, the change tendency of the content of one or more of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or hydrogen flowing in or out from the outside in the process of supply to discharge, that is, the airtightness of the carbonization chamber The deterioration tendency can be grasped.

Further, although the amount of fuel and / or fuel supporting material supplied differs according to the change of the operating rate of the coke oven, the present invention is directed to the fuel and / or fuel supporting material supplied to each combustion chamber. The content of one or more of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or hydrogen and sulfur, nitrogen in the combustion exhaust gas,
By measuring the content of one or more of oxygen or hydrogen and observing the transition of the ratio or difference between these two amounts, the initial stage of deterioration of the airtightness of the carbonization chamber should be corrected with the variable factors of the above operating conditions corrected. The tendency can be grasped from the stage.

The present invention will be specifically described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a part of the arrangement of a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber of a coke oven. The carbonization chambers 2 and the combustion chambers 3 are alternately arranged so that the combustion chambers 3 are arranged on both sides of the carbonization chamber 2 constituting the coke oven 1. A heat storage chamber 4 is arranged below the carbonization chamber 2 and the combustion chamber 3. Fuel gas and fuel combustion-supporting gas are supplied to each combustion chamber 3 through a heat storage chamber 4 below the combustion chamber 3, and combustion exhaust gas flows out from above the combustion chamber 3 so that the other heat storage chambers 4, flues and chimneys are discharged. Exhausted through. In the above coke oven 1, the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas differs depending on the type of the oven. The COG generated in the carbonization chamber 2 is gas-treated and recovered by a COG recovery system path (not shown) composed of an ascending pipe, dry mains, and the like.

The wall 5 made of refractory bricks that separates the carbonization chamber 2 and the combustion chamber 3 from each other is broken or broken due to expansion and contraction of the bricks due to repeated heating and cooling for a long period of time. The brick is missing and the vent hole 6 is formed. The presence of the vent holes 6 means that after the coal is charged into the carbonization chamber 2, a part of the COG excessively generated in the initial stage of carbonization is in the combustion chamber
Will be leaked to. As a result, the fuel supporting gas is insufficient in the combustion chamber 3, resulting in incomplete combustion, and the heat supply amount to the carbonization chambers 2 on both sides is insufficient. Also, black smoke containing a large amount of soot is discharged from the chimney into the atmosphere.

A furnace lid is removably installed in the carbonization chamber 2 (front and rear surfaces in FIG. 1). The inside of the furnace is heated and the outside of the furnace is left to cool in the atmosphere, so that it is deformed by thermal strain. Easy to do. If it is a slight deformation, the sealing condition can be corrected by knocking out the knife edge installed on the furnace lid, but if it is used for a long time, the deformation cannot be corrected by the hammering out of the knife edge, and a sealing failure occurs. This defective seal causes outflow of generated COG,
The outflow state of this COG can be confirmed by visual observation by the operator, so normally, the suction inside the carbonization chamber 2 is strengthened to reduce CO 2.
The outflow of G is prevented.

As shown in FIG. 2, the carbonization chamber 2 is provided with a fuel and fuel-supporting gas supply pipeline 7 for each furnace group having, for example, 30 or 50 gates as one unit. ,
A flue gas discharge pipe 8 and a chimney 9 are provided.
Further, a coke extruder, a coke guide vehicle, and a coke carrier vehicle are arranged on both sides of the coke oven configured as described above (not shown). It passes through the front surface of the furnace lid at predetermined intervals.

In the present invention, the amounts of the elements, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen contained in the fuel, the fuel supporting material and the combustion exhaust gas supplied for each unit of the coke oven 1 are measured. Specifically, the gas supply pipe 7 and the gas discharge pipe 8 are respectively connected to a gas sampling pipe 10, a gas component analyzer 11, and a gas flow meter 12
Is provided and determined from these measured and analyzed values. These measured values indicate the elements supplied and their amounts and the elements discharged and their amounts in each combustion chamber 3 of the specific furnace group. Therefore, if the airtightness is maintained between the supply and the discharge, the ratio between the two amounts is a constant value and the difference between the two amounts is zero. This relationship does not change even if the operating condition of the coke oven, for example, the operating rate is changed.

As a cause of the deterioration of the airtightness of the carbonization chamber 2 in the present invention, for example, when a joint break occurs in the carbonization chamber 2 and a vent hole 6 is formed, the generated COG flows into the combustion chamber 3. As a result, COG contains a large amount of sulfur, and the amount of sulfur in the exhaust gas increases. Even if the vent holes 6 formed when the joint breakage of the carbonization chamber 2 does not proceed sufficiently are minute, the inflow of COG is unavoidable due to the pressure difference, and since a minute amount of inflow is generated, the inside of the combustion chamber 3 is inevitable. Even if incomplete combustion does not occur, the amount of sulfur from the gas supply pipe 7 is known, and therefore the increase in the amount of sulfur due to the inflow of COG can be grasped.
Further, nitrogen and hydrogen components are also contained in the generated COG, and an increase in the amounts thereof can be determined to be the cause of the joint breakage.

Further, as a cause of the deterioration of the airtightness of the carbonization chamber 2 in the present invention, for example, when the furnace lid has a poor seal, as described above, the work vehicle that travels and travels at predetermined intervals on both sides of the coke oven. COG generated by the driver
Can be visually confirmed and communicated to the coke oven control room. As another means for confirming the outflow of COG generated due to the defective sealing of the furnace lid, a method of taking an image with a television camera and monitoring it in the coke oven operating room may be used. Based on this information, when the suction of the target carbonization chamber 2 is strengthened and COG outflow prevention measures are taken, outside air flows into the carbonization chamber 2.
The amount of inflow of outside air varies depending on the degree of sealing failure, and can be grasped as an increase in the measured amounts of nitrogen and oxygen.

The fuel supplied to each unit of the coke oven 1 as a unit, the fuel supporting material, and the elements contained in the combustion exhaust gas, sulfur,
Nitrogen, oxygen, the measurement of the content of one or more of hydrogen may be continuous, or may be intermittent, for example, the change of the operating conditions of the coke oven cluster, For example, the measurement may be performed by setting an arbitrary measurement interval each time the operating rate is changed. What is important is to continuously grasp the ratio or difference of the measured values, and the change situation in the process can be grasped as the degree of deterioration of the airtightness of the entire carbonization chambers 2 of the furnace group. In addition, it is possible to roughly estimate the number of defective seals on the furnace lid and the number of joint breaks in the carbonization chamber 2.

[0023]

[Example 1] Using a measuring instrument shown in FIG.
From the time when the operating rate was changed from 120% to 100%, the amount of sulfur in the gas supply pipe 7 and the gas exhaust pipe 8 was measured once a month on a regular basis, and the change in the difference was observed. The difference in the amount of sulfur was zero, which was increased by 8 kg / H.
After that, the difference between the values continuously measured under the same conditions for 3 months was 8.5 kg / H, which was slightly increased. After that, we changed to regular measurement once a week and measured it for one month, but no new increase in the difference was seen, but judging from the amount of increase in the difference, there was a break in the coking chamber 1 of 2-3 gates. As a result of visual observation of each carbonization chamber 2 each time the coke was extruded, it was found that the number of carbonization chambers in which carbonization was relatively low was 1
We found 4 charring chambers where the gates and joints were slightly broken. When a repair plan was set based on this result and the target carbonization chamber was repaired, the difference in sulfur content after that became almost zero.

[0024]

Example 2 With respect to the same A furnace group as in Example 1, the amounts of nitrogen and oxygen in the gas supply pipe 7 and the gas discharge pipe 8 were measured once a month regularly, and changes in the ratio were observed. , Originally,
The ratio of the amounts of nitrogen and oxygen in and out was a constant value of 1.0, but increased to 1.002. During this period, there was a connection for confirming the outflow of COG from the three furnace lids, and the suction of the target carbonization chamber was strengthened. After that, when the measurement was changed to weekly measurement, the ratio of the measured values in the second week and the third week increased to 1.002 and 1.003. When the five furnace lids were replaced with repaired furnace lids, the value could be restored to a fixed value of 1.0, and the operation could be carried out in a steady state.

[0025]

The present invention makes it possible to grasp the degree of deterioration of the coking chamber in units of coke oven groups and to manage the progress of the degree of deterioration over time from the transition thereof, so that it is based on a concrete repair plan. Efficient repairs can be performed and repair costs can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of an arrangement mode of a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combustion system of a coke oven.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Coke oven 2 ... Carbonization chamber 3 ... Combustion chamber 4 ... Heat storage chamber 5 ... Wall 6 ... Vent hole 7 ... Gas supply pipe 8 ... Gas exhaust pipe 9 ... Chimney 10 ... Gas sampling pipe 11 ... Gas component analyzer 12 ... Gas Flowmeter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Sulfur and nitrogen in the fuel and / or fuel combustion support supplied to each combustion chamber of each coke furnace group
Measure the content of one or more oxygen or hydrogen and the content of one or more sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen in the combustion exhaust gas, and grasp the transition of the ratio or difference between the two measured values. A method for evaluating the degree of deterioration of a coking furnace unit of a coke oven group, which is characterized by the following.