JPH06257750A - Combustion method of premixing gas - Google Patents

Combustion method of premixing gas

Info

Publication number
JPH06257750A
JPH06257750A JP7294893A JP7294893A JPH06257750A JP H06257750 A JPH06257750 A JP H06257750A JP 7294893 A JP7294893 A JP 7294893A JP 7294893 A JP7294893 A JP 7294893A JP H06257750 A JPH06257750 A JP H06257750A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gas
combustion
premixing
premixed
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP7294893A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3197103B2 (en
Inventor
Shigemi Bandai
重実 萬代
Katsunori Tanaka
克則 田中
Nobuo Sato
亘男 佐藤
Satoshi Tanimura
聡 谷村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP07294893A priority Critical patent/JP3197103B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP1994/000363 priority patent/WO1994020793A1/en
Priority to EP94908507A priority patent/EP0643267B1/en
Priority to CA002134893A priority patent/CA2134893C/en
Priority to DE69419679T priority patent/DE69419679T2/en
Publication of JPH06257750A publication Critical patent/JPH06257750A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3197103B2 publication Critical patent/JP3197103B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate an inconvenience in a combustion method of a combustion device having a fuel/air premixing nozzle, the inconvenience being such that the length of a flame is changed with a change in a combustion rate due to a change in fuel concentration of premixing air and as a result combustion vibration is produced. CONSTITUTION:A neutral fluid 8 not including fuel is supplied between premixing air 2 formed by being injected from a premixing nozzle 1 and high temperature gas circulated and staying in a downstream area of a premixing nozzle outlet part where a flow passage for the premixing air 2 is rapidly expanded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は低ＮＯｘ燃焼を達成する
ための燃料・空気予混合気ノズルを有する燃焼器におけ
る予混合気の燃焼方法に関し、ガスタービン燃焼器、ボ
イラ、化学工業炉などの燃焼器に適用することができ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of burning a premixed gas in a combustor having a fuel / air premixed gas nozzle for achieving low NOx combustion, such as a gas turbine combustor, a boiler, a chemical industrial furnace, etc. It can be applied to combustors.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】ガスタービン燃焼器などにおいて、燃焼
器排ガスの低ＮＯｘ化のため、最近では燃料と燃焼用空
気とを予め混合させ、この予混合気を希薄燃焼させると
いう方法が一般的に採用されている。この予混合気の燃
焼方法によれば、燃料濃度の不均一な領域がなくなるた
め局所的に高温に燃焼する領域がなくなり、発生ＮＯｘ
を大幅に低減することができるのである。2. Description of the Related Art In a gas turbine combustor or the like, recently, in order to reduce NOx in combustor exhaust gas, a method of preliminarily mixing a fuel and combustion air and then lean-burning this premixed gas is generally adopted. Has been done. According to this method of burning the premixed gas, the region where the fuel concentration is non-uniform is eliminated, so that the region where the fuel is locally burned to a high temperature is eliminated and the generated NOx
Can be significantly reduced.

【０００３】図３は従来の予混合気の燃焼方式によるバ
ーナの一部を例示したもので、図中、参照符号１は予混
合ノズル、２は予混合気、３は保炎器、４は火炎、６は
循環又は滞留高温ガス、６はパイロットノズル、７はパ
イロット燃料を示している。FIG. 3 exemplifies a part of a burner according to a conventional premixed gas combustion system. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 is a premixing nozzle, 2 is a premixed gas, 3 is a flame stabilizer, and 4 is A flame, 6 is a circulating or staying high temperature gas, 6 is a pilot nozzle, and 7 is a pilot fuel.

【０００４】予混合ノズル１から燃焼器内へ噴出された
予混合気２は燃焼しながら保炎器３を巻くようにしてそ
の後流側に保炎のための循環高温ガス５を形成する。The premixed gas 2 ejected from the premixing nozzle 1 into the combustor winds around the flame stabilizer 3 while burning and forms a circulating high temperature gas 5 for flame holding on the downstream side.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、このような
予混合気の燃焼方法において、予混合気の燃焼速度は予
混合気温度が高いほど、予混合気中の燃料濃度が大きい
ほど高いという作用があり、特に、燃料濃度はこれによ
る燃焼速度を著しく変化させる。この燃焼速度の変化は
火炎長を変化させることになり、ひいては燃焼振動の発
生原因となる。By the way, in such a premixed mixture combustion method, the combustion speed of the premixed mixture is higher as the premixed mixture temperature is higher and the fuel concentration in the premixed mixture is higher. In particular, the fuel concentration causes a significant change in the burning rate. This change in the combustion speed changes the flame length, which in turn causes combustion oscillation.

【０００６】本発明は上記問題点を解決するためになさ
れたもので、予混合気の燃料濃度の変化による燃焼振動
が発生しにくい予混合気の燃焼方法を提供することを目
的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion method for a premixed gas in which combustion oscillation due to a change in the fuel concentration of the premixed gas is less likely to occur.

【０００７】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的に対し、本発明
によれば、低ＮＯｘを達成するための燃料・空気予混合
ノズルを有した燃焼器による予混合気の燃焼方法におい
て、予混合ノズルから噴出して形成される予混合気層
と、予混合気の流路が急拡大する予混合ノズル出口部の
下流域にて循環又は滞留する高温ガスとの間に、燃料を
含まない流体を供給することを特徴とする予混合気の燃
焼方法が提供される。In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in a method for combusting a premixed gas by a combustor having a fuel / air premixing nozzle for achieving low NOx, a premixing nozzle is provided. A fuel-free fluid is formed between the premixed gas layer formed by jetting from the premixed gas layer and the high-temperature gas circulating or staying in the downstream region of the premixing nozzle outlet where the flow path of the premixed gas rapidly expands. A method for combustion of a pre-mixture is provided, which is characterized in that it is supplied.

【０００８】[0008]

【作用】上述の手段によれば、予混合気層と高温ガスと
の間に中性流体を供給することにより、高温ガスから直
接予混合気に火炎伝播することがなく、高温ガスと中性
流体との混合拡散により中温ガスを生成し、その後、こ
の中温ガスと予混合気との混合拡散により予混合気が燃
焼することになる。すなわち、従来の予混合火炎のよう
に火炎伝播することがなく、混合拡散が律速となった燃
焼となる。According to the above-mentioned means, by supplying the neutral fluid between the premixed gas layer and the hot gas, the flame does not directly propagate from the hot gas to the premixed gas and the neutral gas and the neutral gas are not transmitted. The intermediate temperature gas is generated by mixing and diffusing with the fluid, and then the premixed gas is burned by the mixing and diffusion of the intermediate temperature gas and the premixed gas. That is, unlike the conventional premixed flame, the flame does not propagate, and the combustion becomes a rate of which the diffusion of mixing is controlled.

【０００９】[0009]

【実施例】図１は本発明による方法を実施したバーナの
一例を示しており、図中、図３に示したものと同一の部
分については同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明は省略
する。FIG. 1 shows an example of a burner for carrying out the method according to the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those shown in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals and their detailed description is omitted. To do.

【００１０】図１によれば、予混合ノズル１とパイロッ
トノズル６との間に中性流体８を供給するための通路が
形成されており、その燃焼室内への中性流体８の噴出口
は中性流体８を保炎器３の内壁面に沿って流出させるよ
うに構成されている。中性流体８は燃料を含まない流体
であって、たとえば空気、排ガス、蒸気などとすること
ができる。According to FIG. 1, a passage for supplying the neutral fluid 8 is formed between the premixing nozzle 1 and the pilot nozzle 6, and the outlet of the neutral fluid 8 into the combustion chamber is The neutral fluid 8 is configured to flow out along the inner wall surface of the flame stabilizer 3. The neutral fluid 8 is a fuel-free fluid and can be, for example, air, exhaust gas, steam, or the like.

【００１１】図１の構成によれば、予混合ノズル１から
噴出した予混合気２の層と循環高温ガス５との間に中性
流体を供給するようにしたので、予混合ノズル１から噴
出した予混合気２と高温ガス５とが直接接触することが
なくなる。中性流体８はまず高温ガス５と混合して中温
ガスを生成し、その後方にてこの中温ガスは予混合気２
と混合して火炎４を形成する。According to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, since the neutral fluid is supplied between the layer of the premixed gas 2 ejected from the premixing nozzle 1 and the circulating high temperature gas 5, the premixing nozzle 1 ejects the neutral fluid. The premixed gas 2 and the hot gas 5 do not come into direct contact with each other. The neutral fluid 8 first mixes with the high temperature gas 5 to generate a medium temperature gas, and behind this, the medium temperature gas is mixed with the premixed gas 2.
To form flame 4.

【００１２】つまり、高温ガス５と予混合ノズル１から
供給された予混合気２とが直接触れることがないので、
従来のような高温ガス５から予混合気２へ直接火炎伝播
し、十分に拡散していない予混合気が強制的に燃焼させ
られることがない。すなわち、中性流体８によって高温
ガス５から隔てられた予混合気２は拡散律速の燃焼をす
ることができるため、主火炎が長い燃焼となる。このこ
とは、発熱率の分散ができ、燃焼振動を防止することが
できる。That is, since the hot gas 5 and the premixed gas 2 supplied from the premixing nozzle 1 do not come into direct contact with each other,
The flame is not directly propagated from the high temperature gas 5 to the premixed gas 2 as in the conventional case, and the premixed gas which is not sufficiently diffused is not combusted compulsorily. That is, since the premixed gas 2 separated from the high temperature gas 5 by the neutral fluid 8 can perform diffusion-controlled combustion, the main flame becomes combustion for a long time. This makes it possible to disperse the heat generation rate and prevent combustion oscillation.

【００１３】図２は本発明方法によるバーナと従来のバ
ーナとをそれぞれ使用して燃焼させたときの燃焼振動の
状態を示したグラフである。グラフの縦軸は燃焼振動の
目安となる燃焼器の内圧変動を示し、横軸はパイロット
（拡散火炎用のパイロット燃料７）の比率を示したもの
で、パイロット比率の大小に拘らず本発明の中性流体あ
りの方が従来の中性流体なしの場合よりも圧力変動比が
小さい、つまり、燃焼振動が小さいことを示しており、
本発明による効果を裏付けている。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the state of combustion oscillation when the burner according to the method of the present invention and the conventional burner are used for combustion. The vertical axis of the graph represents the fluctuation of the internal pressure of the combustor which is a measure of combustion oscillation, and the horizontal axis represents the ratio of the pilot (pilot fuel 7 for diffusion flame), regardless of the pilot ratio. It is shown that the pressure fluctuation ratio with the neutral fluid is smaller than that without the conventional neutral fluid, that is, the combustion oscillation is smaller.
This proves the effect of the present invention.

【００１４】また、本発明は、図１のようなバーナ形状
に限られるものではなく、循環流の生じる燃焼器におい
て、その循環流と予混合気との間に中性流体を供給する
ものを全て含み、たとえば様々な保炎板を有するものや
流路が急拡大する部分で循環流又は澱み点が生じるもの
等に適用することができる。Further, the present invention is not limited to the burner shape as shown in FIG. 1, but a combustor in which a circulating flow is generated supplies a neutral fluid between the circulating flow and the premixed gas. All of them can be applied, for example, those having various flame holding plates and those in which a circulating flow or a stagnation point is generated in a portion where the flow path is rapidly expanded.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、通常の予混合火炎のよ
うに火炎伝播で燃焼せずに混合拡散律速で燃焼するた
め、予混合気の燃料濃度の影響の小さな燃焼が可能とな
る。According to the present invention, unlike the ordinary premixed flame, the combustion does not occur due to the flame propagation but the mixing and diffusion control, so that the combustion that is less affected by the fuel concentration of the premixed air becomes possible.

【００１６】また、高温ガスと中性流体とが混合して中
温ガスとなった後、予混合気と混合するため、この混合
領域での火炎温度が低く、この領域でのＮＯｘの発生は
極めて少ない。Further, since the high temperature gas and the neutral fluid are mixed to become a medium temperature gas and then mixed with the premixed gas, the flame temperature in this mixing region is low, and NOx is extremely generated in this region. Few.

【００１７】さらに、拡散律速の燃焼とすることができ
るため、主火炎が長く、発熱率が分散できるため、燃焼
振動を防止することができる。Furthermore, since diffusion-controlled combustion can be performed, the main flame is long and the heat generation rate can be dispersed, so combustion oscillation can be prevented.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明による燃焼方法の適用例を示したバーナ
の概略説明図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a burner showing an application example of a combustion method according to the present invention.

【図２】本発明方法による効果を示した実験データのグ
ラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph of experimental data showing the effect of the method of the present invention.

【図３】従来の予混合燃焼方法によるバーナの概略説明
図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of a burner according to a conventional premixed combustion method.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 予混合ノズル ２ 予混合気 ３ 保炎器 ４ 火炎 ５ 高温ガス ８ 中性流体 1 Premixing nozzle 2 Premixing gas 3 Flame stabilizer 4 Flame 5 High temperature gas 8 Neutral fluid

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｆ２３Ｒ 3/28 Ｄ 7604−3Ｇ (72)発明者 谷村 聡 兵庫県高砂市荒井町新浜二丁目１番１号 三菱重工業株式会社高砂研究所内─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification number Reference number within the agency FI technical display location F23R 3/28 D 7604-3G (72) Inventor Satoshi Tanimura 2-1-1 Nihama, Arai-cho, Takasago, Hyogo Prefecture No. 1 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Takasago Research Center

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】低ＮＯｘを達成するための燃料・空気予混
合ノズルを有した燃焼器による予混合気の燃焼方法にお
いて、予混合ノズルから噴出して形成される予混合気層
と、予混合気の流路が急拡大する予混合ノズル出口部の
下流域にて循環又は滞留する高温ガスとの間に、燃料を
含まない流体を供給することを特徴とする予混合気の燃
焼方法。1. A method for combusting a premixed gas by a combustor having a fuel / air premixing nozzle for achieving low NOx, in which a premixed gas layer ejected from the premixing nozzle and premixing are formed. A combustion method of premixed gas, characterized in that a fluid containing no fuel is supplied between the gas and a high-temperature gas circulating or staying in the downstream region of the outlet of the premixing nozzle where the gas flow path rapidly expands.
JP07294893A 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method Expired - Fee Related JP3197103B2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP07294893A JP3197103B2 (en) 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method
PCT/JP1994/000363 WO1994020793A1 (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 Premixed gas burning method and combustor
EP94908507A EP0643267B1 (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 Premixed gas burning method and combustor
CA002134893A CA2134893C (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 Method and combustor for the combustion of a premixed gas
DE69419679T DE69419679T2 (en) 1993-03-08 1994-03-08 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION OF PRE-MIXED GAS

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP07294893A JP3197103B2 (en) 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06257750A true JPH06257750A (en) 1994-09-16
JP3197103B2 JP3197103B2 (en) 2001-08-13

Family

ID=13504120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP07294893A Expired - Fee Related JP3197103B2 (en) 1993-03-08 1993-03-08 Premixed air combustion method

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0643267B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3197103B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2134893C (en)
DE (1) DE69419679T2 (en)
WO (1) WO1994020793A1 (en)

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JP2009074798A (en) * 2009-01-16 2009-04-09 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel atomizing device of gas turbine engine
US8225612B2 (en) 2005-12-13 2012-07-24 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel spraying apparatus of gas turbine engine
WO2014148567A1 (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-25 三菱重工業株式会社 Combustor and gas turbine
US9302468B1 (en) 2014-11-14 2016-04-05 Ming Xu Digital customizer system and method
US9781307B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2017-10-03 Sawgrass Technologies, Inc. Networked digital imaging customization

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US5987875A (en) * 1997-07-14 1999-11-23 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Pilot nozzle steam injection for reduced NOx emissions, and method
JPH1183017A (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Combustor for gas turbine
DE10000415A1 (en) 2000-01-07 2001-09-06 Alstom Power Schweiz Ag Baden Method and device for suppressing flow vortices within a fluid power machine
JP2001254946A (en) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Gas turbine combustor
JP2003028425A (en) * 2001-07-17 2003-01-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Pilot burner of premix combustor, premix combustor, and gas turbine
CN105953219B (en) * 2016-06-21 2018-01-16 上海齐耀热能工程有限公司 Flameless combustion apparatus

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US4875446A (en) * 1987-04-09 1989-10-24 Nissan Motor Company, Limited System and method for controlling an engine idling speed for an internal combustion engine
US6282886B1 (en) 1998-11-12 2001-09-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Gas turbine combustor
US6327861B2 (en) 1998-11-12 2001-12-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Gas turbine combustor
WO2005085709A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Combustor
US7694521B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2010-04-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Installation structure of pilot nozzle of combustor
US8225612B2 (en) 2005-12-13 2012-07-24 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel spraying apparatus of gas turbine engine
JP2009074798A (en) * 2009-01-16 2009-04-09 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel atomizing device of gas turbine engine
WO2014148567A1 (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-25 三菱重工業株式会社 Combustor and gas turbine
JP2014181886A (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Combustor and gas turbine
US10107501B2 (en) 2013-03-21 2018-10-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Combustor and gas turbine
US9302468B1 (en) 2014-11-14 2016-04-05 Ming Xu Digital customizer system and method
US9781307B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2017-10-03 Sawgrass Technologies, Inc. Networked digital imaging customization

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JP3197103B2 (en) 2001-08-13
EP0643267B1 (en) 1999-07-28
CA2134893A1 (en) 1994-09-15
DE69419679T2 (en) 2000-03-02
DE69419679D1 (en) 1999-09-02
EP0643267A4 (en) 1996-03-27
WO1994020793A1 (en) 1994-09-15
CA2134893C (en) 1999-09-07
EP0643267A1 (en) 1995-03-15

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