JPH06250113A - Head mounted display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an eyepiece optical system which is compact in size without using a relay optical system and has a good flatening characteristic and a small total Petzual's sum by constructing the eyepiece system with an optical element which has a semitransmissive surface, a surface reflection mirror and a lens system which has at least one positive refractive power lens. CONSTITUTION:The device is provided with display elements which display information contents, an eyepiece optical system which enlarges and projects virtual images to eyeballs without forming an image of the display contents in the optical path and a supporting means which supports the eyepiece system right front of the eyeballs. The eyepiece optical system consists of an optical element which has a semitransmissive surface, a surface reflection mirror and a lens system which has at least one positive refractive power lens. It is desirable to make 0.5<1n2phi1/phi21<4 where phi1 is the refractive power of the surface reflection mirror, phi2 is the refractive power of the lens system which has a positive refractive power and n2 is the refractive index of a 'd' line of vitreous material of the lens. Moreover, the negative Petzual's value of the reflection mirror is made small by the added positive lens and the total Petzual's sum is made smaller.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a head-mounted display device, and more particularly to a portable head-mounted display device that can be held on the head or face of a user.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A head-mounted display device for holding on the head or face of a helmet type or goggles type has been developed for the purpose of enjoying images on a large screen for virtual reality or personally.

For example, as shown in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-191389, in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 25, a two-dimensional display element 1 for displaying the contents of information, and for displaying the displayed contents on an eyeball in an enlarged manner are displayed. By providing the magnifying reflecting mirror 2 provided so as to face the display element and the semi-transparent mirror 3 arranged between the two, a small display device can obtain a large-screen image. Further, if the semi-transparent mirror 3 is made to have a function of transmitting the external image as well, the external light reaches the eyeball as shown by the broken line in the figure, and the image on the display element 1 and the external image are simultaneously superposed and viewed. be able to.

Even if the magnifying reflecting mirror 2 is a semi-transparent mirror and is arranged so as to face the eyeball as shown in FIG. 26, the same effect as that described above can be obtained.

Further, as shown in US Pat. No. 4,269,476, the display content on the display element is once formed as an intermediate image by a relay optical system, and the intermediate image is formed on the eyeball by a magnifying reflecting mirror. It is also known to magnify and project.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In the optical system of No. 389, as shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the magnifying reflecting mirror is a surface reflecting mirror having a reflecting surface facing the two-dimensional display element side, and the two-dimensional display element and the surface reflecting mirror are semi-transparent. Although it is a compact eyepiece optical system composed of three parts of a transparent mirror, Petzval sum PS: PS = Σ (1 / nf), which shows the flatness of the image plane, is n = −1, f> 0 in the surface reflecting mirror. Therefore, as long as this configuration is taken as a whole, PS <0 is inevitable. When the angle of view is increased to obtain a large screen by using a two-dimensional display element of a certain size, f becomes small.
PS has a large negative value. Therefore, the optical system of the conventional device has a problem that the flatness of the image plane is significantly impaired. If the flatness of the image plane is poor, the position in the optical axis direction of the magnified aerial image presented to the observer in the central part and the peripheral part of the observed image will be significantly different, and it will be necessary to exert a large effect on the accommodation of the eye. It causes severe eye fatigue and is not suitable as a display device. Also, if the image is projected closer than the near point, which is the limit of the accommodative action of the eye, it becomes impossible to observe.

As an example, the radius of curvature r of the surface reflecting mirror is 5
4.3 mm, that is, the focal length f = 27.15 mm,
FIG. 27 is an aberration diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and coma when the configuration shown in FIG. 25 is taken at an angle of view of 30 °. The amount of curvature of the image plane here corresponds to a difference of about 1 diopter between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the observed image, and the amount of accommodation of the eye is significantly large. In this case, PS = 1 / (-1)
X27.15 = -0.037.

In contrast, US Pat. No. 4,269,47
In order to correct such curvature of the image plane, the optical system of No. 6 forms an intermediate image once curved by using a relay optical system, and uses the intermediate image as an object point by a front reflecting mirror or a back reflecting mirror. An image with good flatness is projected on. However, since the relay optical system is used, there is a problem that the total length of the eyepiece optical system is long and large. As a head-mounted display device, it is natural that small size is important for achieving a comfortable wearing feeling.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to use a relay optical system, be compact, and have good flatness of an image surface. , A head-mounted display device using an eyepiece optical system having a small Petzval sum as a whole.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems] First to achieve the above object
The head-mounted display device of the present invention includes a display element for displaying information content, an eyepiece optical system for magnifying and projecting the display content as a virtual image on the eyeball without forming an image in the optical path, and the eyepiece optical system. A head-mounted display device having a supporting means for supporting the lens immediately before the eyeball, an optical element having a semi-transmissive surface for the eyepiece optical system, a surface reflecting mirror, and at least one lens having a positive refractive power. It is characterized by being configured with a system.

In this case, when the refractive power of the surface reflecting mirror is φ ₁ , the refractive power of the lens system having a positive refractive power is φ ₂ , and the refractive index of the d-line of the glass material of the lens is n ₂ , It is more preferable that 5 <| n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | <4 (1) is satisfied.

The head-mounted display device according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a display element for displaying information content and an eyepiece optics for enlarging and projecting the display content as a virtual image on the eyeball without forming an image in the optical path. A head-mounted display device comprising a system and a supporting means for supporting the eyepiece optical system immediately before the eyeball, wherein the eyepiece optical system is composed of an optical element having a semi-transmissive surface and a back reflector. It is a feature.

In this case, the refractive power of the reflecting surface of the back reflecting mirror is φ ₃ , the refractive index of the d-line of the glass material of the lens forming the back reflecting mirror is n ₃ , and the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system is F. At this time, it is more preferable to satisfy | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | <1 ... (3).

[0014]

The reason why the above construction is adopted and the operation thereof will be described below. In general, in order to improve the flatness of the image plane of the optical system, it is sufficient to reduce the Petzval sum of the whole and to arrange the positive and negative lenses in a well-balanced manner. But then, the total length of the optical system is generally long,
In the case of a head-mounted display device such as the present invention, the eyepiece optical system becomes large in front of the face, the weight increases, or it projects to the front longer, and the weight balance is biased toward the front of the face. , Not suitable as a head-mounted device.

The eyepiece optical system of the head-mounted display device according to the present invention is compact and succeeds in reducing the Petzval sum of the entire optical system.

First, let us consider reducing the negative Petzval value that is inevitably generated by a reflecting mirror for magnifying and projecting a virtual image on the eyeball. To do so, add a surface or an optical element that generates a positive Petzval value in the optical path to offset the negative Petzval value of the reflecting mirror, and at the same time reduce the power of the reflecting mirror to reduce the negative Petzval value itself. You can make it smaller. In other words, the reflecting mirror has the same positive power as the positive lens.By sharing the positive power with the positive lens added here, the power of the reflecting mirror itself decreases and the focal length increases. Therefore, the negative Petzval value becomes smaller.

Therefore, the first eyepiece optical system of the present invention comprises a surface reflecting mirror and at least one lens system having a positive refracting power to disperse the power and to obtain a negative Petzval value of the surface mirror. This is to make the Petzval sum of the entire system small by canceling out the positive Petzval value of the lens system having a positive refractive power. Generally, dispersing the power is a means often used for aberration correction of the optical system, but in the eyepiece optical system of the present invention, the power of the surface reflecting mirror is φ ₁ , and the positive refractive power to be added is When the power of the lens system having the above is φ ₂ and the refractive index of the glass material of the lens at the d-line is n ₂ , 0.5 <| n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | <4 (1) It is more preferable to be satisfied. This conditional expression (1)
Limits the ratio of positive and negative Petzval values,
If | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | is 0.5 or less, the positive Petzval value generated in the lens system having positive refractive power to be added is excessive, and if it is 4 or more, the surface is The negative Petzval value generated by the reflector is too large, and in both cases the Petzval sum of the entire system cannot be made small. In addition, it is more preferable to satisfy 1 <| n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | <3 (3) ... (1) 'in order to reduce the Petzval sum, and to obtain an observation image with good resolution up to the periphery of the image. Can be provided to the observer.

The optical element having a semi-transmissive surface is necessary for the layout of the present invention to deflect the optical axis of the display element by 90 ° to the optical axis of the eyeball. Therefore, at least one lens system having a positive refractive power is provided between the display element and the optical element having the semi-transmissive surface, or between the optical element having the eyeball and the semi-transmissive surface while keeping a distance that does not interfere with the face. Need to be added to.

More preferably, when the radius of curvature of the surface reflecting mirror is R and the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system is F, it is desirable that 2 <R / F <3 (2) is satisfied. When the above R / F is 2 or less, the refractive power of the lens system having the positive refractive power to be added becomes weak, and the inward coma generated in the reflecting mirror becomes large. On the contrary, if this is 3 or more, the refractive power of the lens system having the positive refractive power to be added becomes strong, and the outward coma aberration generated in this lens system becomes large. It is difficult to correct this coma aberration by an optical system having a small number of constituent elements such as the eyepiece optical system of the present invention, which significantly disturbs the off-axis imaging performance.

A second eyepiece optical system of the present invention is composed of an optical element having at least a semi-transmissive surface and a back surface reflecting mirror, and in the above expression of PS = Σ (1 / nf), the back surface mirror reflecting surface is: By setting n =-(refractive index of rear surface mirror material) <-1, f> 0, the negative Petzval value on the reflecting surface is made smaller than that of the surface reflecting mirror (n = -1), and the entire system is reduced. It is a smaller Petzval sum of. Furthermore, in the eyepiece optical system of the present invention, the power of the reflecting surface of the rear surface mirror is φ ₃ ,
The refractive index of the d-line of the glass material of the lens forming the rear surface mirror is n ₃ ,
When the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system is F, | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | <1 (3) is more preferable. This conditional expression (3)
Limits the ratio of positive and negative Petzval values,
If | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | is 1 or more, the negative Petzval value generated on the reflecting surface of the rear surface mirror is too large, and the Petzval sum of the entire system cannot be reduced in the compact optical system having the above configuration. In addition, the curvature of field that is generated becomes large, which imposes a burden on the observer and cannot provide a clear observation image.

In particular, it is more preferable to satisfy | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | <0.6 (3) 'in order to reduce the Petzval sum, and to observe with good resolution up to the periphery of the image. The image can be provided to the observer.

The optical element having a semi-transmissive surface is necessary for the layout of the present invention to deflect the optical axis of the display element by 90 ° to the optical axis of the eyeball.

More preferably, depending on the power of the rear surface mirror, at least one lens system having a positive refractive power that produces a positive Petzval value or at least one negative lens system that produces a negative Petzval value. A lens system having a refracting power of is added between the display element and the optical element having the semi-transmissive surface, or between the eyeball and the optical element having the semi-transmissive surface while keeping a distance that does not interfere with the face. It is preferable for further reducing the Petzval sum of

More preferably, when the radius of curvature of the rear surface mirror is R and the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system is F, 2 <R / F <8 (4) is preferably satisfied. If the above R / F is 2 or less, the refracting power of the lens system to be added becomes weak and the internal coma aberration generated in the reflecting mirror is attempted to maintain a constant viewing angle of view while maintaining the entire focal length. Grows larger. On the other hand, if this is 8 or more, on the contrary, the refracting power of the surface of the lens that constitutes the rear-view mirror, which is not the reflecting surface, or the lens system having the positive refracting power to be added becomes strong, and this power becomes strong. In addition, the incident angles of the upper marginal ray and the lower marginal ray of the off-axis rays incident on the refracting surface on the surface are extremely different from each other, which causes outward coma. In either case, since it cannot be corrected by another lens system, the off-axis imaging performance deteriorates, and it becomes impossible to obtain a clear observation image up to the periphery of the visual field.

[0025]

Embodiments 1 to 12 of the head-mounted display device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The following examples are all examples in which the long side length of the two-dimensional display element is 14.55 mm (diagonal length 18.36 mm) and the observation angle of view corresponding thereto is 30 °. Not limited to 2 by multiplying the entire configuration by a factor
It is obvious that the size of the dimensional display element can be dealt with.

Although all the examples using the cube beam splitter prism as the optical element having the semi-transmissive surface have been shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and a half mirror or the like can be easily used.

Cross-sectional views of Examples 1 to 12 are shown in FIGS. 1 to 12, and each cross-sectional view is a cross-sectional view in the short side direction of the two-dimensional display element.

Further, although the lens data of each embodiment will be described later, each data is reverse tracking data from the observer's eyeball to the two-dimensional display element, and in actual use, the two-dimensional display element is arranged on the image plane. To do.

Hereinafter, Examples 1 to 4 are Examples of the first present invention. That is, the first embodiment of FIGS.
2 is an example using a concave surface reflecting mirror, and by placing a biconvex positive lens that generates a positive Petzval value between the pupil position and the semi-transparent mirror, the overall Petzval sum is reduced, An image plane with good flatness is obtained. Figure 1
3 and 14 are aberration diagrams showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and coma in each example. In the aberration diagrams, spherical aberration is represented by the pupil ratio R, and astigmatism, distortion, and coma are represented by the angle of view ω.

The third and fourth embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are examples in which a concave surface reflecting mirror is used. In this case, a biconvex positive lens for generating a positive Petzval value is a semi-transparent mirror. And the two-dimensional display element, the Petzval sum of the whole is reduced and an image plane with good flatness is obtained. FIGS. 15 and 16 show aberration diagrams similar to FIG. 13 of the respective examples.

The fifth to twelfth examples are examples of the second invention. That is, Example 5 of FIG. 5 is an example in which a meniscus positive lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror, and although the overall Petzval sum is small, a biconvex positive lens is further provided between the semi-transparent mirror and the two-dimensional display element. Placed to make the overall Petzval sum even smaller. In this case, if the positive lens is arranged closer to the image plane than the pupil side, the Petzval sum can be further reduced without causing coma and astigmatism.
FIG. 17 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

The sixth embodiment of FIG. 6 is an example in which a plano-convex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror. Although a beam splitter prism and a plano-convex lens may be cemented as in this example,
Since it is possible to add a curvature of reflection to one surface of the beam splitter prism, the number of parts can be reduced. Since the lens of the back reflecting mirror is a plano-convex lens, astigmatism does not occur on the flat surface side which is not the reflecting surface. FIG. 18 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

Example 7 in FIG. 7 is an example in which a plano-convex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror. Similarly, a beam splitter prism and a plano-convex lens may be cemented, but one surface of the beam splitter prism has a reflecting action. Since the curvature of can be added, the number of parts can be reduced. In this example, a biconvex positive lens is further arranged on the pupil position side of the beam splitter prism so as to generate a positive Petzval value, and the Petzval sum is further reduced. By changing the power of this positive lens or moving it in the optical axis direction, it is possible to correct the diopter in accordance with the diopter of the observer. FIG. 19 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

Example 8 in FIG. 8 is an example in which a plano-convex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror. Similarly, a beam splitter prism and a plano-convex lens may be cemented, but one surface of the beam splitter prism has a reflecting action. Since the curvature of can be added, the number of parts can be reduced. In this example, in order to generate a positive Petzval value, a meniscus positive lens having a convex surface facing the beam splitter prism is further arranged on the two-dimensional display element side of the beam splitter prism to further reduce the Petzval sum. . By doing so, the distance between the eyepoint and the device can be increased as compared with the seventh embodiment. FIG. 20 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

Example 9 in FIG. 9 is an example in which a biconvex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror, and the Petzval sum of the whole is small.
However, astigmatism is generated by a surface that is not a reflecting surface, so a lens with a small negative meniscus power with a convex surface facing the beam splitter prism is placed near the two-dimensional display element without deteriorating the Petzval value. Astigmatism is corrected. FIG. 21 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

Example 10 in FIG. 10 is an example in which a biconvex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror, and the overall Petzval value is small. However, astigmatism occurs due to the non-reflecting surface of the biconvex lens. Therefore, astigmatism is corrected by making this surface an aspherical surface. This aspherical surface has a shape in which the radius of curvature increases from the optical axis toward the periphery, and acts to tilt the meridional image surface toward the lens at a position where the image height is high. FIG. 22 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

The eleventh embodiment of FIG. 11 is an example in which a biconvex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror, and the overall Petzval value is small. However, astigmatism occurs due to the non-reflecting surface of the biconvex lens. Therefore, astigmatism is corrected by making the reflecting surface aspherical. This aspherical surface has a shape in which the radius of curvature increases from the optical axis toward the periphery, and acts to tilt the meridional image surface toward the lens at a position where the image height is high. FIG. 23 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

In Example 12 of FIG. 12, the screen size is 1
This is based on the assumption of a so-called 6: 9 high-definition optical system, and the Petzval sum is reduced by using a back surface reflecting mirror. Furthermore, a meniscus negative lens with a convex surface facing the pupil side is used. By arranging it between the position and the semi-transparent mirror, the total Petzval sum is further reduced, and the refractive index of the positive lens constituting the back surface reflecting mirror is set to 1.8 or more, so that the surface not being the reflecting surface of the back surface reflecting mirror. The coma and astigmatism are minimized by reducing the curvature of the. At this time, the negative lens is arranged near the pupil to further correct coma in particular. By changing the power of the negative lens or moving it in the optical axis direction, it is possible to correct the diopter in accordance with the diopter of the observer. FIG. 24 shows an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of this example.

The lens data of each embodiment are shown below.
The symbols are the above, r ₁ , r ₂ ... Is the radius of curvature of each lens surface including the pupil position and the image plane, d ₁ , d ₂ ... Is the distance between the lens surfaces, and n _d1 , n _d2 . The refractive index of the d-line of each lens. Further, the aspherical shape is expressed by the following formula, where x is the optical axis direction and y is the direction orthogonal to the optical axis. x = (y ² / r) / [1+ {1- (1 + K) (y ² / r ² )} ^1/2 ] +
A ₄ y ⁴ + A ₆ y ⁶ + A ₈ y ⁸ + A ₁₀ y ¹⁰ where r is the paraxial radius of curvature, K is the conic coefficient, A ₄ , A ₆ ,
A ₈ and A ₁₀ are aspherical coefficients.

Example 1 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = 59.176 d ₂ = 2.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = -60.551 d ₃ = 1.000 r ₄ = ∞ d ₄ = 24.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = ∞ d ₅ = 2.000 r ₆ = -73.145 (reflecting surface) d ₆ = 2.000 r ₇ = ∞ d ₇ = 24.000 n _d3 = 1.5163 r ₈ = ∞ d ₈ = 0.998 r ₉ = image surface (two-dimensional) Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 2.4 R / F = 2.6 PS = −0.016.

Example 2 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = 70.973 d ₂ = 2.000 n _d1 = 1.8829 r ₃ = -183.579 d ₃ = 1.000 r ₄ = ∞ d ₄ = 24.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = ∞ d ₅ = 2.000 r ₆ = -73.319 (Reflecting surface) d ₆ = 2.000 r ₇ = ∞ d ₇ = 24.000 n _d3 = 1.5163 r ₈ = ∞ d ₈ = 0.971 r ₉ = Image surface (2D Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 2.9 R / F = 2.6 PS = −0.018.

Example 3 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 r ₄ = -66.235 (reflection surface) d ₄ = 2.000 r ₅ = ∞ d ₅ = 24.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₆ = ∞ d ₆ = 8.000 r ₇ = -18.134 d ₇ = 3.000 n _d3 = 1.5163 r ₈ = 226.719 d ₈ = 4.021 r ₉ = image plane (two-dimensional) Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 1.5 R / F = 2.4 PS = −0.01.

Example 4 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 r ₄ = -68.874 (reflection surface) d ₄ = 2.000 r ₅ = ∞ d ₅ = 24.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₆ = ∞ d ₆ = 10.550 r ₇ = -18.429 d ₇ = 7.047 n _d3 = 1.8829 r ₈ = 729.279 d ₈ = 0.956 r ₉ = Image plane (2D Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 1.1 R / F = 2.6 PS = −0.003.

Example 5 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 r ₄ = -89.160 d ₄ = 2.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = -70.000 (reflecting _{surface) d 5 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 6 = -89.160 d 6 = 2.000 r 7 = ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 7.487 r 9 = -15.973 d ₉ = 3.000 n _d5 = 1.5163 r ₁₀ = 136.371 d ₁₀ = 1.799 r ₁₁ = image plane (two-dimensional display element) | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | = 0.51 R / F = 2.6 PS = 0.005.

Example 6 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₄ = -84.704 (reflection surface) ) D ₄ = 2.000 n _d3 = 1.5163 r ₅ = ∞ d ₅ = 24.000 n _d4 = 1.5163 r ₆ = ∞ d ₆ = 10.500 r ₇ = image surface (two-dimensional display element) | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | = 0.45 R / F = 3.2 PS = -0.016.

Example 7 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = 134.955 d ₂ = 2.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = -78.954 d ₃ = 1.000 r ₄ = ∞ d ₄ = 24.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = ∞ d ₅ = 2.000 n _d3 = 1.5163 r ₆ = -96.939 (Reflecting surface) d ₆ = 2.000 n _d4 = 1.5163 r ₇ = ∞ d ₇ = 24.000 n _d5 = 1.5163 r ₈ = ∞ d ₈ = 5.540 r ₉ = image plane (two-dimensional display element) | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | = 0.39 R / F = 3.5 PS = −0.013.

Example 8 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₄ = -89.861 (reflection surface) _{) d 4 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 5 = ∞ d 5 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 6 = ∞ d 6 = 8.000 r 7 = -26.585 d 7 = 3.000 n d5 = 1.5163 r 8 = -91.042 d 8 = 2.170 r ₉ = image plane (two-dimensional display element) | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | = 0.41 R / F = 3.3 PS = −0.014.

Example 9 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 0.500 r ₄ = 254.351 d ₄ = 2.50 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = -100.000 (reflecting _{surface) d 5 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 6 = 254.351 d 6 = 0.500 r 7 = ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 6.000 r 9 = -9.537 d ₉ = 1.000 n _d5 = 1.5163 r ₁₀ = -9.195 d ₁₀ = 4.550 r ₁₁ = image plane (two-dimensional display element) | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | = 0.37 R / F = 3.5 PS = -0.013.

Example 10 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 0.500 r ₄ = 177.140 (aspherical surface) d ₄ = 3.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = -100.000 (reflecting surface) d ₅ = 3.0000 n _d3 = 1.5163 r ₆ = 177.140 (aspherical surface) d ₆ = 0.500 r ₇ = ∞ d ₇ = 24.000 n _d4 = 1.5163 r ₈ = ∞ d ₈ = 9.640 r ₉ = image surface (two-dimensional display element) 4th surface (6th surface) K = -1 A ₄ = -0.623 × 10 ^-6 A ₆ = A ₈ = A ₁₀ = 0 | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | = 0.36 R / F = 3.6 PS = -0.013.

Example 11 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 0.500 r ₄ = 194.949 d ₄ = 2.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = -98.725 (reflecting surface, aspherical surface) d ₅ = 2.000 n _d3 = 1.5163 r ₆ = 194.949 d ₆ = 0.500 r ₇ = ∞ d ₇ = 24.000 n _d4 = 1.5163 r ₈ = ∞ d ₈ = 10.290 r ₉ = Image surface (two-dimensional display element) Aspherical coefficient Fifth surface K = -1 A ₄ = 0.655 × 10 ^-7 A ₆ = A ₈ = A ₁₀ = 0 ｜ Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² ｜ = 0.36 R / F = 3.5 PS = -0.013.

Example 12 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = 30.533 d ₂ = 1.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = 19.611 d ₃ = 5.000 r ₄ = ∞ d ₄ = 24.000 n _d2 = 1.5163 r ₅ = ∞ d ₅ = 1.000 r ₆ = 95.111 d ₆ = 6.000 n _d3 = 1.8829 r ₇ = -200.000 (reflection surface) d ₇ = 6.000 n _d4 = 1.8829 r ₈ = 95.111 d ₈ = 1.000 r ₉ = ∞ d ₉ = 24.000 n _d5 = 1.5163 r ₁₀ = ∞ d ₁₀ = 15.280 r ₁₁ = image plane (two-dimensional display element) | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | = 0.03 R / F = 6.9 PS = -0.007.

[0053]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the Petzval sum of the optical system can be made small while providing a flat image from the central portion to the peripheral portion of the image, while being compact. It is possible to provide a head-mounted display device that does not cause the eyestrain of the observer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a head-mounted display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a third embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of Example 7.

8 is a sectional view of Example 8. FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of Example 9.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of Example 10.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of Example 11.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of Example 12.

FIG. 13 is an aberration diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion and coma of the eyepiece optical system of Example 1.

FIG. 14 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 2.

15 is an aberration diagram for the eyepiece optical system of Example 3, similar to FIG.

FIG. 16 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 4.

FIG. 17 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 5.

FIG. 18 is an aberration diagram for the eyepiece optical system of Example 6, similar to FIG.

FIG. 19 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 7.

FIG. 20 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 8.

FIG. 21 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 9.

22 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 10. FIG.

23 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 11. FIG.

FIG. 24 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 12.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of one conventional head-mounted display device.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view of a conventional head-mounted display device according to a modified example.

27 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system in FIG. 25.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A display element for displaying information content, an eyepiece optical system for magnifying and projecting the display content as a virtual image on the eyeball without forming an image in the optical path, and a support for supporting the eyepiece optical system immediately before the eyeball. In the head-mounted display device including means, the eyepiece optical system includes an optical element having a semi-transmissive surface, a surface reflecting mirror, and at least one lens system having a positive refractive power. A characteristic head-mounted display device. 2. A display element for displaying information contents, an eyepiece optical system for magnifying and projecting the display contents as a virtual image on the eyeball without forming an image in the optical path, and a support for supporting the eyepiece optical system immediately before the eyeball. A head-mounted display device including a means, wherein the eyepiece optical system includes an optical element having a semi-transmissive surface and a back surface reflecting mirror.