JP3245472B2 - Head mounted display - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a head-mounted display device, and more particularly to a portable head-mounted display device which can be held on a user's head or face.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Helmet-type or goggle-type head-mounted display devices for holding on a head or face have been developed for the purpose of enjoying a large screen image for virtual reality or personally.

For example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-191389, a two-dimensional display element 1 for displaying information contents and a method for enlarging and projecting the display contents on an eyeball in a sectional view of FIG. In some cases, a large-sized image can be obtained with a small display device by including the magnifying reflecting mirror 2 provided to face the display element and the semi-transmissive mirror 3 disposed between the two. Further, if the semi-transparent mirror 3 has the function of transmitting an external image, the external light reaches the eyeball as shown by the broken line in the figure, and the image on the display device 1 and the external image are simultaneously superimposed. be able to.

[0004] Even if the magnifying reflector 2 is a semi-transmissive mirror and is arranged so as to face the eyeball as shown in FIG. 26, the same effect as that described above can be obtained.

Further, as shown in US Pat. No. 4,269,476, display contents on a display element are once formed as an intermediate image by a relay optical system, and the intermediate image is formed on an eyeball by a magnifying reflector. There is also known an enlarged projection.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-191 is disclosed.
In the optical system of No. 389, as shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the magnifying reflecting mirror is a surface reflecting mirror whose reflecting surface is directed to the two-dimensional display element side. Although it is a compact eyepiece optical system composed of three parts of a transmissive mirror, the Petzval sum PS: PS = 面 (1 / nf) indicating the flatness of the image plane is n = −1, f> 0 for the surface reflecting mirror. Therefore, as long as this configuration is adopted, PS <0 is inevitable. If the angle of view is increased to obtain a large screen using a two-dimensional display element of a certain size, f becomes small.
PS takes a large negative value. Therefore, the optical system of the conventional device has a problem that the flatness of the image plane is significantly impaired. If the flatness of the image plane is poor, the position in the optical axis direction of the enlarged aerial image presented to the observer in the central part and the peripheral part of the observed image is greatly different, and it becomes necessary to exert a great effect on the accommodation of the eyes. Eye fatigue is severe and not suitable as a display device. In addition, if the image is projected closer than the near point, which is the limit of the accommodation function of the eye, observation becomes impossible.

As an example, the radius of curvature of the surface reflector r = 5
4.3 mm, ie focal length f = 27.15 mm,
FIG. 27 is an aberration diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and coma aberration when the configuration shown in FIG. 25 is adopted at an angle of view of 30 °. Here, the amount of curvature of the image plane corresponds to a difference of about 1 diopter between the center and the periphery of the observed image, and the amount of accommodation of the eye is extremely large. In this case, PS = 1 / (-1)
× 27.15 = −0.037.

On the other hand, US Pat.
In order to correct such curvature of the image plane, the optical system of No. 6 forms an intermediate image that has been curved once using a relay optical system, and uses the intermediate image as an object point by means of a front reflecting mirror or a back reflecting mirror. An image with good flatness is projected on the surface. However, since the relay optical system is used, there is a problem that the total length of the eyepiece optical system is long and large. As a head-mounted display device, it is natural that the small size is important for achieving a comfortable wearing feeling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and has as its object the purpose of using a relay optical system, being compact, and having good flatness of an image plane. Another object of the present invention is to provide a head mounted display device using an eyepiece optical system having a small Petzval sum.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a head-mounted display device, comprising: a display element for displaying information content; and a virtual image formed on an eyeball without forming the display content in an optical path. In a head mounted display device comprising an eyepiece optical system for enlarging and projecting the eyepiece and support means for supporting the eyepiece optical system immediately before an eyeball, the display element is configured to form an image plane with good flatness. Wherein the eyepiece optical system is configured such that a transmissive / reflective surface that combines a transmissive action and a reflective action, a back reflector, and an eyeball while maintaining an interval between the display element and the transmissive / reflective face or without interfering with the face. And a lens system arranged between the transmission / reflection / combination surface and the eyepiece optical system, wherein the optical path between the back reflection mirror and the transmission / reflection / combination surface is the transmission / reflection / combination surface. To the back reflector The lens system is configured to form a folded optical path such that the light flux is reflected by the back reflector and then travels toward the transmission / reflection surface, and the lens system generates at least one positive refraction that generates a positive Petzval value. A lens having a power or at least one lens having a negative refractive power that generates a negative Petzval value, and is configured to satisfy the following condition (3). Things. | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | <1 (3) where φ ₃ is the refracting power of the reflecting surface of the back reflector, and n ₃ is the d-line of the lens glass material constituting the back reflector. And F is the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system.

In this case, the radius of curvature of the back reflector is R,
When the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system is F, it is desirable that the following condition (4) is satisfied. 2 <R / F <8 (4)

[0012]

[0013]

[0014]

The reason and the operation of the above-mentioned configuration in the present invention will be described below. In general, in order to improve the flatness of the image plane of the optical system, the Petzval sum of the whole may be reduced, and the positive and negative lenses may be arranged in a well-balanced manner. But then the overall length of the optics is generally longer,
In the case of a head-mounted display device such as the present invention, the eyepiece optical system becomes large in front of the face, increases the weight, or protrudes long forward, and the weight balance is biased toward the front of the face. Not suitable as a head-mounted device.

The eyepiece optical system of the head mounted display according to the present invention has succeeded in reducing Petzval sum of the entire optical system while being compact.

First, it is considered to reduce the negative Petzval value necessarily generated by a reflector for enlarging and projecting a virtual image on an eyeball. To do so, a surface or optical element that generates a positive Petzval value is added to the optical path to offset the negative Petzval value of the reflector, and at the same time, reduce the power of the reflector and reduce the negative Petzval value itself. What is necessary is just to make it small. In other words, since the reflecting mirror has the same positive power as the positive lens, by sharing the positive power with the positive lens added here, the power of the reflecting mirror itself decreases and the focal length increases. Therefore, the negative Petzval value becomes smaller.

Therefore, the first eyepiece optical system of the present invention comprises a surface reflecting mirror and at least one lens system having a positive refractive power, disperses the power, and reduces the negative Petzval value of the surface mirror. The positive Petzval value of the lens system having a positive refractive power is successfully canceled to reduce the Petzval sum of the entire system. Generally, dispersing the power is a commonly used means for correcting the aberration of the optical system. However, in the eyepiece optical system of the present invention, the power of the surface reflecting mirror is φ ₁ , and the positive refractive power to be added is Assuming that the power of the lens system having the following formula is φ ₂ and the refractive index of the d-line of the glass material of the lens is n ₂ , 0.5 <| n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | <4 (1) It is more preferable to satisfy. This conditional expression (1)
Limits the ratio of positive and negative Petzval values,
When | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | is 0.5 or less, the positive Petzval value generated in the lens system having an additional positive refractive power is excessively large. When | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | The negative Petzval value generated by the reflector is excessive, and in both cases, the Petzval sum of the entire system cannot be reduced. In particular, it is more preferable to satisfy 1 <| n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | <3 (1) ′ in order to reduce the Petzval sum, and to obtain an observation image having good resolution up to the periphery of the image. Can be provided to the observer.

An optical element having a semi-transmissive surface is necessary in the layout of the present invention for deflecting the optical axis of the display element by 90 ° to the optical axis of the eyeball. Therefore, at least one lens system having a positive refractive power is provided between the display element and the optical element having a semi-transmissive surface, or between the eyeball and the optical element having a semi-transmissive surface while maintaining an interval that does not interfere with the face. Need to be added to

More preferably, when the radius of curvature of the surface reflecting mirror is R and the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system is F, it is desirable to satisfy 2 <R / F <3 (2). When the above R / F is 2 or less, the refractive power of the added lens system having a positive refractive power becomes weak, and the inward coma generated by the reflecting mirror increases. On the other hand, if the number is 3 or more, the refractive power of the lens system having the additional positive refractive power increases, and the external coma generated by this lens system increases. In an optical system having a small number of components such as the eyepiece optical system of the present invention, it is difficult to correct this coma aberration in other components, and the off-axis imaging performance is significantly disturbed.

A second eyepiece optical system according to the present invention comprises an optical element having at least a semi-transmissive surface and a rear-surface reflecting mirror. In the formula of PS = Σ (1 / nf), the reflecting surface of the rear-surface mirror is: By setting n = − (refractive index of the material of the back mirror) <− 1, f> 0, the negative Petzval value on the reflecting surface is reduced as compared with the case of the front reflecting mirror (n = −1). The Petzval sum is reduced. Further, in the eyepiece optical system of the present invention, the power of the reflecting surface of the back mirror is φ ₃ ,
The refractive index of the d-line of the glass material of the lens constituting the back mirror is n ₃ ,
When the focal length of the whole eyepiece optical system with _{F, | Fφ 3 / n 3} 2 | < it is more preferable to satisfy 1 ... (3). This conditional expression (3)
Limits the ratio of positive and negative Petzval values,
If | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | is 1 or more, the negative Petzval value generated on the reflection surface of the back mirror is too large, and the Petzval sum of the entire system cannot be reduced in the compact optical system having the above configuration. In addition, the generated curvature of field becomes large, which places a burden on the observer and makes it impossible to provide a clear observation image.

In particular, it is more preferable to satisfy | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | <0.6 (3) ′ in order to reduce the Petzval sum, and to observe the image with good resolution up to the periphery of the image. An image can be provided to the observer.

An optical element having a semi-transmissive surface is necessary in the layout of the present invention for deflecting the optical axis of the display element by 90 ° to the optical axis of the eyeball.

More preferably, depending on the power of the back mirror, at least one lens system having a positive refractive power that generates a positive Petzval value, or at least one negative lens that generates a negative Petzval value. The addition of a lens system having a refractive power between the display element and the optical element having a semi-transmissive surface, or between the eyeball and the optical element having a semi-transmissive surface while maintaining an interval that does not interfere with the face, Is preferable in further reducing the Petzval sum.

More preferably, when the radius of curvature of the back mirror is R and the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system is F, it is desirable to satisfy 2 <R / F <8 (4). When the above R / F is 2 or less, if an attempt is made to maintain the entire focal length and maintain a constant observation angle of view, the refracting power of the added lens system becomes weak, and the intrinsic coma generated by the reflecting mirror is reduced. Becomes larger. On the other hand, if it is 8 or more, on the other hand, the refractive power of the non-reflective surface of the lens constituting the back mirror or the lens system having an additional positive refractive power becomes strong, and this power becomes strong. The angle of incidence of the upper marginal ray and the lower marginal ray of the off-axis ray incident on the refracted surface becomes extremely different from each other, and an outward coma aberration occurs. In either case, since it is impossible to perform correction with another lens system, off-axis imaging performance is deteriorated, and a clear observation image cannot be obtained up to the periphery of the visual field.

[0025]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments 1 to 12 of a head mounted display according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The following examples are all examples in which the long side length of the two-dimensional display element is 14.55 mm (diagonal length 18.36 mm) and the observation field angle corresponding thereto is 30 °. Not only by multiplying the overall configuration by a factor
Obviously, it can correspond to the size of the three-dimensional display element.

Although all the examples using the cube beam splitter prism as the optical element having the semi-transmissive surface have been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and the optical element can be easily formed using a half mirror or the like.

FIGS. 1 to 12 show sectional views of Examples 1 to 12, each of which is a sectional view in the short side direction of a two-dimensional display element.

Although the lens data of each embodiment will be described later, each data is reverse tracking data from the observer's eyeball to the two-dimensional display element. In actual use, the two-dimensional display element is arranged on the image plane. I do.

Hereinafter, Embodiments 1 to 4 are the first embodiment of the present invention. That is, the first embodiment of FIGS.
2 is an example using a concave surface reflecting mirror, all by placing a biconvex positive lens that generates a positive Petzval value between the pupil position and the semi-transparent mirror, to reduce the total Petzval sum, An image plane with good flatness is obtained. FIG.
3 and FIG. 14 are aberration diagrams showing the spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and coma of each embodiment. In the aberration diagrams, spherical aberration is represented by a pupil ratio R, and astigmatism, distortion, and coma are represented by an angle of view ω.

The embodiments 3 and 4 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are examples in which a concave surface reflecting mirror is used. In this case, a biconvex positive lens which generates a positive Petzval value is a semi-transparent mirror. And the two-dimensional display element, the Petzval sum of the whole is reduced, and an image plane with good flatness is obtained. FIGS. 15 and 16 show aberration diagrams similar to FIG. 13 of each embodiment.

The fifth to twelfth embodiments are the second embodiments of the present invention. That is, the fifth embodiment of FIG. 5 is an example in which a meniscus positive lens is used for the back reflection mirror. Although the Petzval sum is small as a whole, a biconvex positive lens is further added between the semi-transparent mirror and the two-dimensional display element. They are arranged to further reduce the overall Petzval sum. In this case, if the positive lens is disposed closer to the image plane than the pupil, the Petzval sum can be further reduced without generating coma and astigmatism.
FIG. 17 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

Embodiment 6 of FIG. 6 is an example in which a plano-convex lens is used for the back reflector, and a beam splitter prism and a plano-convex lens may be joined as in this example.
One surface of the beam splitter prism can be provided with a curvature of the reflection action, so that the number of parts can be reduced. Since the lens of the back reflector is a plano-convex lens, astigmatism does not occur on the plane side other than the reflecting surface. FIG. 18 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

Embodiment 7 of FIG. 7 is an example in which a plano-convex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror. Similarly, a beam splitter prism and a plano-convex lens may be joined, but a reflection function is applied to one surface of the beam splitter prism. Can be provided, so that the number of parts can be reduced. In this example, a biconvex positive lens is further arranged on the pupil position side of the beam splitter prism so as to generate a positive Petzval value, thereby further reducing the Petzval sum. By changing the power of the positive lens or moving it in the optical axis direction, diopter correction can be performed in accordance with the diopter of the observer. FIG. 19 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

Embodiment 8 of FIG. 8 is an example in which a plano-convex lens is used for the back surface reflecting mirror. Similarly, a beam splitter prism and a plano-convex lens may be joined, but a reflection function is applied to one surface of the beam splitter prism. Can be provided, so that the number of parts can be reduced. In this example, a meniscus positive lens having a convex surface facing the beam splitter prism is further arranged on the two-dimensional display element side of the beam splitter prism so as to generate a positive Petzval value, thereby further reducing the Petzval sum. . By doing so, the distance between the eye point and the device can be increased as compared with the seventh embodiment. FIG. 20 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

The ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is an example in which a biconvex lens is used for the back reflecting mirror, and the Petzval sum is small as a whole.
However, since astigmatism occurs due to the non-reflective surface, a lens having a low negative power of the meniscus whose convex surface is directed toward the beam splitter prism is arranged near the two-dimensional display element so as not to deteriorate the Petzval value. Is corrected for astigmatism. FIG. 21 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

The tenth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is an example in which a biconvex lens is used for the back reflecting mirror, and the Petzval value as a whole is small. However, astigmatism occurs due to the non-reflective surface of the biconvex lens. Therefore, astigmatism is corrected by making this surface an aspheric surface. The aspheric surface has a shape in which the radius of curvature increases from the optical axis toward the periphery, and acts to tilt the meridional image surface in a direction approaching the lens at a position where the image height is high. FIG. 22 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

The eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is an example in which a biconvex lens is used for the back reflecting mirror, and the Petzval value as a whole is small. However, astigmatism occurs due to the non-reflective surface of the biconvex lens. Therefore, astigmatism is corrected by making the reflecting surface aspherical. The aspheric surface has a shape in which the radius of curvature increases from the optical axis toward the periphery, and acts to tilt the meridional image surface in a direction approaching the lens at a position where the image height is high. FIG. 23 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

In the twelfth embodiment shown in FIG.
6: 9 is assumed to be an optical system corresponding to a so-called high-definition television. The Petzval sum is reduced by using a back reflector, and a meniscus-shaped negative lens having a convex surface facing the pupil side is used. By disposing it between the position and the semi-transmissive mirror to further reduce the Petzval sum of the whole, and by setting the refractive index of the positive lens constituting the back reflection mirror to 1.8 or more, the surface which is not the reflection surface of the back reflection mirror And the occurrence of coma and astigmatism are reduced as much as possible. At this time, the negative lens is arranged near the pupil to further correct coma in particular. By changing the power of the negative lens or moving it in the optical axis direction, it is possible to correct diopter according to the diopter of the observer. FIG. 24 shows an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of this embodiment.

The lens data of each embodiment is shown below.
Symbol, outside of the, r _1, r ₂ ... curvature radius of each lens surface, including the pupil position and the image plane, d _1, d ₂ ... the spacing between the lens surfaces, n _d1, n _d2 ... is The d-line refractive index of each lens. The aspheric shape is represented by the following equation, where x is the optical axis direction and y is the direction orthogonal to the optical axis. x = (y ² / r) / [1+ ｛1- (1 + K) (y ² / r ² )｝ ^1/2 ] +
^{_{A 4 y 4 + A 6 y}} 6 + A 8 y 8 + A 10 y 10 where, r is the paraxial radius of curvature, K is a conical coefficient, A _4, A _6,
A ₈ and A ₁₀ are aspherical coefficients.

Example 1 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = 59.176 d ₂ = 2.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = -60.551 d ₃ = 1.000 r ₄ = ∞ d ₄ = 24.000 n _d2 = _{1.5163 r 5 = ∞ d 5 =} 2.000 r 6 = -73.145 ( reflecting _{surface) d 6 = 2.000 r 7 =} ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d3 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 0.998 r 9 = image plane (two-dimensional Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 2.4 R / F = 2.6 PS = −0.016.

[0042] Example 2 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil _{position) d 1 = 22.000 r 2 =} 70.973 d 2 = 2.000 n d1 = 1.8829 r 3 = -183.579 d 3 = 1.000 r 4 = ∞ d 4 = 24.000 n d2 = _{1.5163 r 5 = ∞ d 5 =} 2.000 r 6 = -73.319 ( reflecting _{surface) d 6 = 2.000 r 7 =} ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d3 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 0.971 r 9 = image plane (two-dimensional Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 2.9 R / F = 2.6 PS = −0.018.

Example 3 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 r ₄ = -66.235 (reflection surface) d ₄ = _{2.000 r 5 = ∞ d 5 =} 24.000 n d2 = 1.5163 r 6 = ∞ d 6 = 8.000 r 7 = -18.134 d 7 = 3.000 n d3 = 1.5163 r 8 = 226.719 d 8 = 4.021 r 9 = image plane (two-dimensional Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 1.5 R / F = 2.4 PS = −0.01.

Example 4 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 r ₄ = -68.874 (reflective surface) d ₄ = _{2.000 r 5 = ∞ d 5 =} 24.000 n d2 = 1.5163 r 6 = ∞ d 6 = 10.550 r 7 = -18.429 d 7 = 7.047 n d3 = 1.8829 r 8 = 729.279 d 8 = 0.956 r 9 = image plane (two-dimensional Display element) | n ₂ φ ₁ / φ ₂ | = 1.1 R / F = 2.6 PS = −0.003.

Example 5 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 r ₄ = -89.160 d ₄ = 2.000 nd ₂ = 1.5163 r ₅ = -70.000 (reflecting _{surface) d 5 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 6 = -89.160 d 6 = 2.000 r 7 = ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 7.487 r 9 = _{-15.973 d 9 = 3.000 n d5 =} 1.5163 r 10 = 136.371 d 10 = 1.799 r 11 = image plane (two-dimensional display ^{_{device) | Fφ 3 / n 3 2}} | = 0.51 R / F = 2.6 PS = 0.005.

Example 6 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 nd ₂ = 1.5163 r ₄ = -84.704 (reflection surface _{) d 4 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 5 = ∞ d 5 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 6 = ∞ d 6 = 10.500 r 7 = image plane (two-dimensional display ^{_{device) | Fφ 3 / n 3 2}} | = 0.45 R / F = 3.2 PS = −0.016.

Example 7 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = 134.955 d ₂ = 2.000 n _d1 = 1.5163 r ₃ = -78.954 d ₃ = 1.000 r ₄ = ∞ d ₄ = 24.000 n _d2 = _{1.5163 r 5 = ∞ d 5 =} 2.000 n d3 = 1.5163 r 6 = -96.939 ( reflecting _{surface) d 6 = 2.000 n d4 =} 1.5163 r 7 = ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d5 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 5.540 r ₉ = image plane (two-dimensional display ^{_{device) | Fφ 3 / n 3 2}} | = 0.39 R / F = 3.5 PS = -0.013.

Example 8 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 2.000 nd ₂ = 1.5163 r ₄ = -89.861 (reflection surface _{) d 4 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 5 = ∞ d 5 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 6 = ∞ d 6 = 8.000 r 7 = -26.585 d 7 = 3.000 n d5 = 1.5163 r 8 = -91.042 d 8 = 2.170 r ₉ = image plane (two-dimensional display ^{_{device) | Fφ 3 / n 3 2}} | = 0.41 R / F = 3.3 PS = -0.014.

Embodiment 9 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 0.500 r ₄ = 254.351 d ₄ = 2.000 nd ₂ = 1.5163 r ₅ = -100.000 (reflecting _{surface) d 5 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 6 = 254.351 d 6 = 0.500 r 7 = ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 6.000 r 9 = -9.537 _{d 9 = 1.000 n d5 = 1.5163} r 10 = -9.195 d 10 = 4.550 r 11 = image plane (two-dimensional display ^{_{device) | Fφ 3 / n 3 2}} | = 0.37 R / F = 3.5 PS = -0.013.

Example 10 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 0.500 r ₄ = 177.140 (aspherical surface) d ₄ = 3.000 _{n d2 = 1.5163 r 5 = -100.000} ( reflecting _{surface) d 5 = 3.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 6 = 177.140 ( _{aspherical) d 6 = 0.500 r 7 =} ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d ₈ = 9.640 r ₉ = image plane (two-dimensional display device) fourth surface (sixth _{surface) K = -1 A 4 = -0.623} × 10 -6 A 6 = A 8 = A 10 = 0 | Fφ 3 / n ^{_{3 2 | = 0.36 R / F}} = 3.6 PS = -0.013.

Example 11 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = ∞ d ₂ = 24.000 nd ₁ = 1.5163 r ₃ = ∞ d ₃ = 0.500 r ₄ = 194.949 d ₄ = 2.000 nd ₂ = 1.5163 r ₅ = -98.725 (reflecting surface, _{aspherical) d 5 = 2.000 n d3 =} 1.5163 r 6 = 194.949 d 6 = 0.500 r 7 = ∞ d 7 = 24.000 n d4 = 1.5163 r 8 = ∞ d 8 = 10.290 r 9 = image plane (two-dimensional display device) aspheric coefficients fifth surface _{K = -1 A 4 = 0.655 ×} 10 -7 A 6 = A 8 = A 10 = 0 | Fφ 3 / n 3 2 | = 0.36 R / F = 3.5 PS = -0.013.

Example 12 r ₁ = ∞ (pupil position) d ₁ = 22.000 r ₂ = 30.533 d ₂ = 1.000 _{nd 1} = 1.5163 r ₃ = 19.611 d ₃ = 5.000 r ₄ = ∞ d ₄ = 24.000 nd ₂ = 1.5163 _{r 5 = ∞ d 5 = 1.000} r 6 = 95.111 d 6 = 6.000 n d3 = 1.8829 r 7 = -200.000 ( reflecting _{surface) d 7 = 6.000 n d4 =} 1.8829 r 8 = 95.111 d 8 = 1.000 r 9 = ∞ d _{9 = 24.000 n d5 = 1.5163 r} 10 = ∞ d 10 = 15.280 r 11 = image plane (two-dimensional display ^{_{device) | Fφ 3 / n 3 2}} | = 0.03 R / F = 6.9 PS = -0.007.

[0053]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the Petzval sum of the optical system can be reduced, and the image having good flatness can be provided from the center to the periphery of the image while being compact. Thus, it is possible to provide a head-mounted display device that does not cause fatigue of the eyes of the observer.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a head-mounted display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a third embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of Example 12.

FIG. 13 is an aberration diagram showing spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and coma of the eyepiece optical system of Example 1.

FIG. 14 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of the third embodiment.

FIG. 16 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of the sixth embodiment.

19 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 7. FIG.

FIG. 20 is an aberration diagram of the eyepiece optical system according to the eighth embodiment, similar to FIG.

FIG. 21 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 22 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 10.

FIG. 23 is an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system according to the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 24 is an aberration diagram similar to FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of Example 12.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of one conventional head-mounted display device.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of a head-mounted display device according to a modification of the related art.

27 is an aberration diagram similar to that of FIG. 13 of the eyepiece optical system of FIG. 25.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A display element for displaying information content, an eyepiece optical system for enlarging and projecting the display content as a virtual image on an eyeball without forming an image in an optical path, and a support for supporting the eyepiece optical system immediately before the eyeball Means, the display element is configured to form an image plane with good flatness.
Made, Toru said ocular optical system, which serves a reflective and transmitting actions
An over-reflection combined surface, a back reflection mirror, the display element and the transparent
Maintain a space between the camera and the face that also serves as the
Between the eyeball and the transmission / reflection combined surface
A lens system, and wherein the eyepiece optical system is used for both the transmission mirror and the rear reflection mirror.
The optical path between the transmission and reflection surface and the rear surface
After the luminous flux toward the mirror is reflected by the back reflector
Forming a folded optical path toward the transmission / reflection combined surface
The lens system generates a positive Petzval value.
And one lens with a positive refractive power or a negative lens.
It has at least one negative refractive power that generates the Tuvalu value.
A head-mounted display device , comprising: a lens to be mounted on the display; and satisfying the following condition (3) . | Fφ ₃ / n ₃ ² | <1 (3) where φ ₃ is the refracting power of the reflecting surface of the rear-surface reflecting mirror.
Where n ₃ is the d-line of the lens glass material constituting the back reflector
And F is the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system.
is there. 2. The head according to claim 1 , wherein the following condition (4) is satisfied, where R is the radius of curvature of the back reflector and F is the focal length of the entire eyepiece optical system. Part-mounted display device. 2 <R / F <8 (4)