JPH0624883A - Production of organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To continuously produce the org. fertilizer which can be stored and has good quality with lessened energy in a short period of time from org. mat ter, such as garbage, without putrefaction. CONSTITUTION:The org. matter, a moisture control material and the fermentation bacteria in environment or separately cultured fermentation bacteria are mixed to prepare a treating X1 having 45 to 60% moisture. The treating material X1 is aerobically fermented by a treatment device kept at 30 to 50 deg.C for 12 to 24 hours to ferment and decompose the components prone to putrefaction and fermentation to form the treating material X2. The moisture in the treating material is evaporated by the fermentation heat generated at this time. The fermentation bacteria are, thereafter, put into a dormancy and the remaining moisture of the treating material X2 is dried by the treatment device kept at 70 to 100 deg.C to form the treating material X3 having <=15% moisture. About half the treating material X3 is discharged as the org. fertilizer from the treatment device. About half the remaining material is recycled as the moisture control material for the org. matter to be treated next. The org. fertilizer is thus continuously produced without the other fresh moisture control material.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing an organic fertilizer for fertilizing waste organic matter such as vegetable waste, fish waste, and leftover rice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for composting discarded organic matter, so-called food waste,

(1) As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-132792, after mixing an organic substance, a special water content adjusting material and a fermentation bacterium, the mixture is heated to 40 ° C. to proceed the fermentation, and after the fermentation heat is obtained. Is a method of producing fertilizer by treating for 15 days with stirring without heating.

(2) A method in which fermenting bacteria and the whole amount of the processed product after fermentation are mixed with an organic substance as a water conditioner and mixed with each other, and aerobically fermented for 2 days in a processing device near 40 ° C. to continuously produce fertilizer. (3) A method of drying an organic matter in a treatment tank heated to 100 ° C. or higher to use the treated matter as a fertilizer element. It has been known.

[0005]

However, each of the above methods has the following problems. That is, in the case of (1), since it is necessary to add a special moisture adjusting material every time the organic matter is processed, the processing cost becomes high and it takes time and effort to put it in. Furthermore, it takes a long time to turn organic matter into fertilizer. For (2),

When the mixture is fermented, the heat of fermentation causes the water in the mixture to evaporate. However, when the starch and proteins in the organic matter are decomposed by fermentation, water is also generated, and when the water content of the mixture is 40% or less, the fermentation hardly progresses, and the water content of the treated product after 2 days is about 40%. If a treated product of this water content is stored, it will start to rot and will produce a bad odor, so it cannot be stored for a long period of time.

[0007] When a new moisture adjusting material is not used, about 70% of organic matter moisture such as kitchen waste is converted to about 55% moisture promoted by fermentation by fungi, and the total amount of post-fermentation product of about 40% moisture is required. Becomes If you use the whole amount as a moisture conditioner,
Each time the organic substance is processed, the amount of the mixture increases, so that it cannot enter the processing device. Further, since the oil and fat content contained in the kitchen waste is hardly fermented and decomposed, the accumulation increases, making it difficult to supply oxygen to the bacteria, and it becomes impossible to continuously perform the fermentation treatment. For (3),

When the fermentation treatment is carried out, approximately 45% of water in the mixture can be easily evaporated by the heat of fermentation without using much energy, but a large amount of energy is required to heat and dry all the organic substances.

When an organic substance is in contact with a processing device heated to 100 ° C. or higher, the organic substance is scorched and adheres to the processing device, which deteriorates heating efficiency, and the surface of the organic substance is scorched and the processed products are large in size. It becomes a lump and deteriorates the quality as a fertilizer. There is a problem such as.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and provides an organic fertilizer capable of continuously producing a high-quality organic fertilizer that can be stored in an energy-saving manner in a short time without decaying from an organic matter such as kitchen waste. It is intended to provide a manufacturing method.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, as a first means for solving the above-mentioned problems, aerobically treats a water-conditioning material and a processed material in which a fermentation bacterium is mixed with an organic substance in a processing tank for 12 to 24 hours. After fermenting to reduce the moisture content, it is further heated and dried to produce a treated product having a moisture content of 15% or less, which is used as an organic fertilizer.

As a second means, a part of the treated material having a water content of 15% or less is reused as a water content adjusting material, and a new water content adjusting material is not used from the second and subsequent treatments, which is suitable for fermentation. The water content is adjusted to 45 to 60% for continuous treatment.

As a third means, aerobic fermentation is carried out at a temperature in the treatment tank of 30 to 50 ° C., and after 12 to 24 hours, the temperature in the treatment tank is set to 70 to 100 ° C. The bacteria are put on a temporary leave to dry the processed material.

[0014]

According to the method for producing an organic fertilizer of the present invention, a water-conditioning material and a treated product obtained by mixing a fermenting bacterium with an organic substance are aerobically fermented in a treatment tank for 12 to 24 hours to reduce the water content, Further heat drying to make a processed product with a water content of 15% or less,
Since it is an organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer can be continuously produced from organic matter in a short time. Further, the produced organic fertilizer can be stored for a long period of time because it does not decompose even if it is packed in a bag and does not generate a bad odor. Further, since about 45% of water in the pre-fermentation-treated product is evaporated by the heat of the fermentation action, the residual water content is heated in the treatment tank to be evaporated, so that energy can be saved.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, a schematic configuration of a processing apparatus for carrying out the method for producing an organic fertilizer according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the processing tank 1 is mounted on a movable base 2 by columns 3. Processing tank 1
Is horizontally formed and is closed by a cover 1a. The cover 1a is provided with a charging port 1b for charging an organic substance (not shown), and is opened and closed by an opening / closing lid 4.

The lower part of the processing tank 1 is inclined so that the left side is low and the right side is high in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the sectional shape of the processing tank 1 is such that at least the bottom portion 1c has a circular cross section.

Further, a heating device 5 as a processing means is provided on the outer surface below the treatment tank 1, and the internal temperature of the treatment tank 1 is maintained at a temperature suitable for fermentation by a temperature control device (not shown). There is. Most of the outer surface of the processing tank 1 including the heating device 5 is covered with the heat insulating material 6.

Below the inside of the processing tank 1, a stirring screw 10 as a stirring device is provided. Stirring screw 10
Is composed of a rotary shaft 11 extending parallel to the bottom 1c having a circular cross section in the processing tank 1, and a ribbon screw 15 attached to the rotary shaft 11 over substantially the entire length of the bottom 1c.

The tilted upper end of the rotary shaft 11 in FIG. 1 is rotatably attached to the processing tank 1 by a bearing 12, and is connected to a drive unit 14 having a motor 13 via a first transfer screw 21 described later. As shown by arrows B and C, forward and reverse rotations can be selectively applied. The outer peripheral surface of the ribbon-shaped screw 15 is formed so as to have a slight gap with the inner wall surface of the bottom portion 1c having a circular cross section. In addition, the left end 1d of the bottom portion 1c in FIG. 1 is formed in a conical shape, and the ribbon screw 1
The outer periphery of the left end portion of 5 is also formed in a conical shape.

The ribbon screw 15 is formed so as to feed an organic substance (not shown) from the lower side (left side) to the upper side (right side) when the rotating shaft 11 is normally rotated as shown by the arrow B. As shown, it is formed so as to feed from the upper side to the lower side when it is rotated in the reverse direction. A plurality of radially extending stirring paddles 16 are attached to the upper end of the rotary shaft 11. A granulator 20 is attached to the lower left side of the processing tank 1.

The granulating apparatus 20 comprises a twin-screw extruder 20a as an extruding means for extruding a treated product of organic matter treated in the treatment tank 1 (hereinafter referred to as a treated product) from a nozzle 25 which is a discharge port, and a nozzle. It is composed of a cutting device 20b as a cutting means for cutting the processed material extruded from 25 into an appropriate length. The twin-screw extrusion device 20a has the following configuration.

That is, the cylinder 23 is attached so that one end thereof communicates with the discharge port 1d of the processing tank 1. The other end of the cylinder 23 has a nozzle plate 24 as a closing member.
The nozzle plate 24 is provided with a nozzle 25 having a desired shape. Further, in the cylinder hole 23a of the cylinder 23, a first transfer screw 21 provided coaxially with the stirring screw 10 and a second transfer screw 22 meshing with the first transfer screw 21 are arranged.
The object to be processed fed into the cylinder 23 by the rotation of the stirring screw 10 is conveyed along with the rotation of the first and second conveying screws 21 and 22 and is extruded from the nozzle 25.

Also, a cutting device 20b as a cutting means.
Is a reciprocating or rotating cutter 26 provided in the opening of the nozzle 25, and is used for packing in which the processed product extruded from the nozzle 25 is cut into an appropriate length and set in the product receiver 27. It is designed to be put in a bag or the like. The product receiver 27 is weighed by the weighing device 28, and the processed product X, that is, the product 2 granulated every time the prescribed weight is reached.
It is designed to take out 9.

An exhaust duct 8 having an exhaust fan 7 connected to a deodorizing device (not shown) is preferably connected to the upper part of the processing tank 1. An air supply duct 9 is connected to the processing tank 1 as far as possible from the exhaust duct 8.

A pipe 31 is connected in the middle of the cylinder 23 (which may be the inlet) so that the granulation binder 33 stored in a container 32 is injected into the cylinder 23 by an injection pump 34. There is. A heating device 5a similar to the heating device 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the inlet portion of the cylinder 23 and the outer periphery of the left end portion 1d of the processing bath 1 following the inlet portion. Further, the central portion of the cylinder 23 is heated and excessively heated by internal heat. A heat exchanger 30 that can perform cooling to prevent a temperature rise is provided. Next, with reference to FIG. 3, a case where the apparatus is used for continuous treatment for organic fertilization will be described.

First, the opening / closing lid 4 is opened to set the inside of the processing tank 1.
Garbage 100 parts by weight of water content of about 70%, 15% moisture or less of residual treatment product (moisture control material) 40 parts by weight, to make a processed product X ₁ 140 parts by weight of a mixed fermentation bacteria, here to more accelerate the fermentation Then, slaked lime was added to adjust the hydrogen ion concentration of the treated product to 7 to 8. In the first time, sawdust, rice bran, etc. are used as the moisture conditioner. The water content of the processed material X ₁ varies depending on the water content of the kitchen waste and the water content adjusting material, but the water content is 45 to 60.
Within the range of%, there was no problem in the fermentation treatment.

Next, the opening / closing lid 4 is closed and the driving device 14 drives the first conveying screw 21 and the second conveying screw 22.
And the stirring screw 10 coaxial with the first conveying screw 21 is rotated in the forward direction as indicated by an arrow B, so that the organic substance in the processing tank 1 is rotated by the ribbon screw 15.
While stirring and mixing with, the treated product X ₁ is heated to a temperature suitable for fermentation by the heating device 5 and maintained at the temperature. Thus, the treated product X ₁ is aerobically fermented for 12 to 24 hours while continuously stirring in the treatment tank 1 having the temperature set to 30 to 50 ° C. The time will vary depending on the organic components and the type of bacteria.
In the case of the kitchen waste and mesophilic bacteria in this test, a processed product X ₂ was prepared by aerobically fermenting for 24 hours. After that, the temperature in the processing tank 1 was automatically changed to 70 to 100 ° C., and continuous stirring was continued to dry the processed product X ₂ . In this test, 80 parts by weight of the treated product X ₃ having a water content of 15% or less was obtained in about 20 hours. This treated product X ₃ was in a granular form and was easy to handle.

Next, the driving device 14 causes the first conveying screw 21, the second conveying screw 22 and the stirring screw 10 to rotate in the reverse direction. By this reverse rotation, the ribbon-shaped screw 15 sends the processed material X ₃ from the upper side to the lower side, and the transport screws 21 and 22 also send from the upper side to the lower side, that is, from the processing tank 1 side to the nozzle 25 side, about half of the processed material X _3. It was discharged and used as organic fertilizer. The processed product X ₃ did not rot even when stored in a bag and could be stored for a long period of time without generating a bad odor. Further, if about half of the treated product X ₃ is left in the treatment tank 1 and reused as a moisture regulating material for an organic substance to be treated next, a new moisture regulating material is not required.

The above continuous treatment was repeated, but from the third treated product X ₃ , the oil and fat content did not saturate around 10% and did not increase. We were able to produce fertilizer. Also, the water content of the treated product X ₃ is 15%.
Then, the water content of the processed product X ₁ is half that of the processed product X ₃ .
We were able to keep the water content in a range suitable for fermentation. As described above, according to the present invention, the organic fertilizer can be continuously produced from the organic matter in a short time. Further, the produced organic fertilizer can be stored for a long period of time because it does not decompose even if it is packed in a bag and does not generate a bad odor. In addition, since about 45% of water in the pre-fermentation treatment product is evaporated by the heat of the fermentation action, the residual water content is heated by the treatment device to evaporate, so that energy can be saved.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to continuously produce energy-saving and high-quality organic fertilizers that can be stored in a short time without decaying from organic matter such as kitchen waste.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view schematically showing an embodiment of a processing apparatus for carrying out the method for producing an organic fertilizer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an organic fertilizer continuous treatment process according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Processing tank, 1b ... Input port, 1c ... Bottom part, 1d ... Outlet port, 1e ... Conical wall surface, 4 ... Opening / closing lid, 5 ... Heating device (processing means), 5a ... Heating device, 7 ... Exhaust fan, 8 …
Exhaust duct, 9 ... Air supply duct, 10 ... Stirring screw (stirring device), 14 ... Driving device, 15 ... Ribbon-shaped screw,
16 ... Stirring paddle, 20 ... Granulating device, 20a ... Biaxial extrusion device (extrusion means), 20b ... Cutting device (cutting means),
21 ... 1st conveyance screw, 22 ... 2nd conveyance screw, 23 ... Cylinder, 23a ... Cylinder hole, 25 ... Nozzle, 26 ... Cutter, 29 ... Product, 30 ... Heat exchanger, 33
... binder, 34 ... infusion _{pump, X 1, X 2, X} 3 ... treated product of process, X ... processed.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A water-conditioning material and a treated product prepared by mixing a fermenting bacterium with an organic substance are aerobically fermented in a treatment tank for 12 to 24 hours to reduce the moisture content, and then heat-dried to treat the moisture content of 15% or less. A method for producing an organic fertilizer, which comprises producing a product and using it as an organic fertilizer. 2. A water content of 45 to 60 suitable for fermentation without reusing a new water content adjusting material from the second and subsequent treatments by reusing a part of the processed material having a water content of 15% or less as a water content adjusting material. The method for producing an organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is continuously treated after being adjusted to 100%. 3. The temperature in the treatment tank for aerobic fermentation is 30 to 5
The temperature of the treatment tank is set to 70 to 100 ° C. after 12 to 24 hours at 0 ° C. to leave the fermenting bacteria in a temporary leave state, and the treated product is dried.
A method for producing the organic fertilizer described.