JPH0624725Y2 - Coarse / fine movement device for collimation of surveying instrument - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a coarse / fine adjustment device for collimation of a surveying instrument such as a theodolite or a level.

[Prior art]

In a surveying instrument such as a theodolite, as shown in FIG. 6, a horizontal shaft 4 of a telescope 3 is supported by a pair of struts 2 provided on the parallel pedestal 1 and further projected on the lower surface of the parallel pedestal 1. The vertical shaft 6 is supported by the bearing 8 provided on the leveling table 7,
The telescope 3 has a structure capable of rotating about a horizontal axis 4 and a vertical axis 6.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing details of a conventional fine movement adjusting mechanism for the horizontal shaft 4. In this figure, a ring-shaped fixed ring 12 is fitted on the horizontal shaft 4, and a fixed screw 14 is attached to the fixed ring 12.
Are screwed together and penetrate the housing 11 forming the support 2, and the fixed knob 14a is provided there. The tip of the fixing screw 14 is in contact with the horizontal shaft 4, and the fixing screw 14 can be tightened to connect and integrate the horizontal shaft 4 and the fixed ring 12. The fixed ring 12 is provided with a protrusion 12a, and the protrusion 12a is clamped from both sides by a spring member 15 and a fine movement screw 16. Reference numeral 16a is a fine movement knob, reference numeral 18 is fixed to the housing 11, and the fine movement screw 16
Is a shaft casing to be screwed. Although not shown, the fine movement adjusting mechanism for the vertical shaft 6 has the same structure as the fine movement adjusting mechanism for the horizontal shaft 4.

Then, when collimating the target object using the telescope, the telescope 3 is manually moved around the horizontal axis 4 and the vertical axis 6 so that the target object comes within the field of view of the eyepiece lens, and in this state, The horizontal shaft 4 and the vertical shaft 6 are fixed by using the shaft fixing knob 14a and the vertical shaft fixing knob (not shown). Then, the fine movement knob 16a on the horizontal axis and the fine movement knob (not shown) on the vertical axis are used to match the target object with the cross hair.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the above-described conventional technique, the fixed knob 14a and the fine movement knob 16a are provided at positions separated from each other in the vertical direction, which causes a problem that the knob operation is troublesome and it takes time to collimate.

Further, if the horizontal axis 4 and the vertical axis 6 can be finely adjusted in two steps, smooth pitching is possible, but since the pitch of the fine adjustment screw is constant, the fine adjustment screw is turned many times. There is also a problem that it takes time to collimate due to necessity or excessive rotation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art,
The purpose is to provide a fixed knob and a fine movement knob adjacent to each other on the same axis position, and to speed up the collimation work by making two types of adjustments, coarse movement and fine movement, with one fine movement knob. is there.

[Means for solving problems]

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 showing an embodiment of the present invention.

The sighting coarse / fine movement device of a surveying instrument according to the present invention includes a horizontal shaft 24 that is a pivotal shaft that pivotally supports a collimating telescope in a horizontal direction (or a vertical direction), and a shaft casing 60 mounted and fixed to the surveying instrument. Has a fixed shaft 40 provided with a fixed knob 42 at an end thereof, and the horizontal shaft 2 is rotated by rotating the fixed shaft 40.
4 for fixing the pivot shaft (horizontal axis) fixing mechanism 100
And a coarse and fine movement shaft 7 which is hollow and is attached to the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 40 and which is screwed into the shaft casing 60.
4, by rotating a coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 provided adjacent to the fixed knob 42 coaxially with the fixed knob 42, the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 is interlocked to move the horizontal shaft 24 by advancing and retracting. A coarse and fine adjustment device for collimation of a surveying instrument provided with an adjusting mechanism 200, wherein the coarse and fine adjustment mechanism 200 is provided with a coarse and fine adjustment knob 90 and is arranged on the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 40.
And the opposing side walls 81, 81 that are engaging portions that engage with the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 of the eccentric shaft 84, are provided in a loose fit state on the outer periphery of the coarse / fine moving shaft 74, and are attached to the pin of the coarse / fine moving shaft 74. The coarse and fine movement plate 80 engaged with the fixed shaft 40 is disposed on the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 40, and the coarse and fine movement plate 80 is pin-connected to rotate integrally with the coarse and fine movement plate 80. A movable pressing plate 88 and a half-moon flange 84a that is a pin engaging portion that is formed on the eccentric shaft 84 and that engages with the connecting pin 89 to press and rotate the connecting pin 89 within a predetermined rotation range. When the connecting pin 89 and the half moon flange 84a of the eccentric shaft 84 are in the engaged state, the connecting pin 89 is pushed by the half moon flange 84a, and the pressing plate 88, the coarse / fine movement plate 80 and the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 rotate integrally. Then the horizontal axis 24 When the connecting pin 89 and the half moon flange 84a of the eccentric shaft are not engaged with each other, the pressing plate 88 does not rotate, and the eccentric shaft 84 rotates so that the coarse and fine moving plate 80 moves.
It is configured so as to swing about 9 to decelerate and rotate the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 to finely adjust the pivot shaft.

[Action]

After turning the fixed knob 42, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 adjacent to the fixed knob 42 coaxially with the fixed knob 42 can be turned to perform fine / fine adjustment, so that the horizontal shaft 24, which is the pivot shaft of the telescope, is fixed. Immediately, the coarse and fine movements of the horizontal shaft 24 can be adjusted.

Further, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 is attached to the half moon flange 8 of the eccentric shaft 84.
4a is rotated so as to engage with the connecting pin 89 that connects the pressing plate 88 and the coarse / fine adjustment plate 80, whereby the pressing plate 88, the coarse / fine adjustment plate 80, and the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 rotate integrally and the horizontal shaft 24 It becomes the coarse adjustment of.

The coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 is attached to the half moon flange 84 of the eccentric shaft 84.
By rotating so that a does not engage with the connecting pin 89, the pressing plate 88 does not rotate but only the eccentric shaft 84 rotates. If the amount of rotation is α, the coarse / fine adjustment plate 80 will rotate around the connecting pin 89. The coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74, which is pivoted by .gamma.
It rotates by β (<α) around (deceleration rotation), and the horizontal shaft 24
It is a fine adjustment of.

In this way, the coarse and fine movement knob 90 can adjust the two types of rotation of the horizontal shaft 24, that is, the coarse movement and the fine movement, and the collimation work of the collimating telescope becomes easy.

〔Example〕

 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied as a horizontal coarse / fine adjustment device of a theodolite telescope.

In these drawings, reference numeral 24 is a horizontal axis of the telescope, and a fixed ring 25 is fitted to the horizontal axis 24 in the housing 23. A protrusion 26 is formed on the fixed ring 25, and a through hole 26 a extending in the radial direction is formed in the protrusion 26. A push rod 28 is inserted into the through hole 26 a, and an upper end portion 28 a of the push rod 28 can come into contact with the horizontal shaft 24 via a top 29. Lower end 28b of push rod 28
Is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the spiral cam 30 provided at the lower end 26b of the fixed ring protrusion. A cam support shaft 31 is fixed to the lower end portion 26b of the fixed ring protruding portion, and the cam 30
Is attached to the cam support shaft 31 and is rotatable about the cam support shaft 31. The center rod 56 of the fixed joint 50 is in contact with one end of the cam support shaft 31, and the pressing spring member 32 screwed to the housing 23 forming a support column for supporting the telescope is in contact with the other end thereof. As a result, the fixed ring 25 is always in a state in which the rotational urging force in the clockwise direction (arrow A direction) is applied.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a fixed shaft arranged in a shaft casing 60 fixed to the housing 23. A fixed knob 42 for rotating the shaft is provided at one end, and a cam is provided at the other end via a fixed joint 50. It is connected to the support shaft 31. Fixed joint 50
The end portion 40a of the fixed shaft 40 and the shaft end portion 30a of the cam 30 are respectively inserted into both ends of the hollow cylindrical portion 52, and the bolt 54 screwed to the insertion end portions 40a, 30a.
Vertical slit 5 in which the heads of a and 54b are formed in the cylindrical portion 52
It is a structure that is engaged with each of the 3 and has a universal joint structure. A center rod 56 having both ends in contact with the fixed shaft 40 and the cam support shaft 31 is arranged in the hollow cylindrical portion 52, and the pressing force on the fixed shaft 40 side is applied to the cam via the center rod 56. It is transmitted to the 30 side. A bulged disc portion 46 is formed at an inner position of the end portion 40a of the fixed shaft 40, and the disc portion 46 is supported by a bearing metal 62. The bearing metal 62 has a circumferential direction of 90.
A notch portion 64 having a degree of degree is formed, the stopper pin 47 projects from the disk portion 46 into the notch portion 64, and the rotation amount of the fixed shaft 40 is limited to a range of 90 degrees. Then, when the fixed knob 42 is rotated, the fixed shaft 40 also rotates integrally,
The spiral cam 30 is also rotated through the fixed joint 50 to push the push rod 28 upward, which causes the top 29 to move.
Is pressed against the surface of the horizontal shaft 24 and the horizontal shaft 24 and the stationary ring 2
5 is connected and integrated, and the fixed ring 25 is a pressing spring member 32.
And the fixed joint 50 fixes the clamped state. That is, the cam 30 locks and unlocks the horizontal shaft 24 within a 90-degree rotation range of the fixed knob 42.

In this way, the fixed shaft 40, the fixed joint 50, the cam 3
0, the spring member 32, the fixed ring 25, and the push rod 28 constitute a shaft fixing mechanism 100 for fixing the horizontal shaft 24.

On the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 40, a cylindrical coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 with a flange 74a screwed into the shaft casing 60 is assembled.
The end portion of the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 and the bulging disk portion 46 of the fixed shaft 40.
A thrust ball bearing 44 is interposed between and. Code 7
Reference numeral 5 denotes a threaded portion between the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 and the shaft casing 60.

A cylindrical eccentric shaft 84 having a half-moon flange 84a and an eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 (see FIG. 3) is attached to the small diameter portion 74b of the coarse and fine movement shaft. Outside the eccentric shaft 84 (first
A coarse / fine adjustment knob 90, which is disposed adjacent to the inside of the fixed knob 42, is screwed to the end portion (in the left direction of the drawing) and integrated with the eccentric shaft 84. By turning the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90, the eccentric shaft 90 is rotated. 84 is adapted to rotate integrally. The outer circumference of the eccentric shaft 84 has a semicircular flange 8 with a part of the outer edge cut out.
4a is projectingly provided, and an eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 is formed adjacent to the half moon flange 84a so as to form a small diameter end portion 84c.

The coarse / fine adjustment plate 80 is assembled on the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 of the eccentric shaft 84, and the coarse / fine adjustment plate 80 is arranged between the half moon flange 84a of the eccentric shaft 84 and the flange 74a of the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74. ing. Opposing inner side walls 81, 81 having a width matching the outer diameter of the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 of the eccentric shaft are formed on the coarse / fine-moving plate 80, and the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 is just fitted to the opposed inner side wall 81. . A small diameter portion 84c of the eccentric shaft 84 is inserted and arranged in a loose fit state in a central opening 80a formed in the coarse and fine movement plate 80. A slit 82 is formed in the outer peripheral edge portion of the coarse / fine movement plate 80 sandwiched by the inner side walls 81, 81.
Is a pin 83 protruding from the flange 74a of the coarse / fine movement shaft 74.
Is in the engaged state. Therefore, when the eccentric shaft 84 rotates, the opposing side walls 81, 81 are pushed by the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85, and the coarse and fine movement plate 80 can swing about a connecting pin 89 described later as a fulcrum.

The pressing plate 8 is provided on the side of the eccentric shaft 84 opposite to the side where the coarse / fine movement plate 80 is mounted so as to be adjacent to the half-moon flange 84a.
8 is attached. The pressing plate 88 and the coarse / fine movement plate 80 are connected to each other by a connecting pin 89 arranged on the opposite side of the pin 83-arranged side with the shaft center interposed therebetween so that both can rotate integrally and around the connecting pin 89. Is also capable of relative rotation. The connecting pin 89 extends so as to intersect with the flange cutout portion 84b of the half-moon flange 84a, and is arranged so as to extend just on the rotation locus of the flange cutout portion 84b. Therefore, when the coarse / fine adjustment knob is turned 90, the eccentric shaft 84 integrally rotates, and as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the half-moon flange 84a is formed.
When is contacted with the connecting pin 89, the connecting pin 89 is pushed to integrally rotate the pressing plate 88 and the coarse / fine movement plate 80.

Further, the eccentric shaft 84 has a cylindrical stopper member 92.
Are installed so as to face the pressing plate 88, and a leaf spring 94 interposed between the stopper member 92 and the pressing plate 88 moves the pressing plate 88 into the eccentric shaft 84.
It is pressed against the half-moon flange 84a. Stopper member 9
2 is sized to fit exactly on the outer periphery of the tip portion of the shaft casing 60, and the pin 9 protruding from the stopper member 92
3 is a vertical slit 6 formed at the tip of the shaft casing 60.
2, the stopper member 92 slides forward and backward in the longitudinal direction of the fixed shaft integrally with the coarse / fine control knob 90 by the guide mechanism of the pin 93 and the slit 62, but does not rotate around the shaft. ing. Numerals 96a and 96b are washers made of Teflon for reducing the frictional force and ensuring the smooth rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 and the eccentric shaft 84, and the stopper member 92 directly presses the rotational force of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90. It has a function of preventing transmission to the plate 88.

In this way, the leaf spring 94 is interposed between the pressing plate 88 and the stopper member 92, and a large frictional force acts between the pressing plate 88 and the stopper member 92, so that the pressing plate 88
Since a Teflon washer 96b is interposed between the half moon flange 84a of the eccentric shaft 84 and the eccentric shaft 84 to reduce the rotational frictional force between the pressing plate 88 and the half moon flange portion 84a, the symbol C in FIG. As shown by, the pressing plate 88 is not forcibly rotated by the eccentric shaft 84 in the rotation range of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 in which the half-moon flange 84a does not contact the connecting pin 89.

Then, the half-moon flange 84a of the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 84 is connected to the connecting pin 8.
When the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 is turned in the state of being in contact with 9 (see FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b)), the flange cutout portion 84b presses and rotates the connecting pin 89, so that the connecting pin 89 is connected. The pressing plate 88 and the coarse / fine movement plate 80 which rotate are integrally rotated, so that the flange 74a causes the pin 8 to
The coarse and fine movement shaft 74 engaged with the three plates 88, 80
Rotates integrally with the shaft casing 60 and moves forward or backward while rotating with respect to the shaft casing 60. Then, when the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 moves forward (moves to the right in FIG. 1) (see FIG. 4 (a)), the bulging disk portion 46 of the fixed shaft, the fixed joint 50, the cam support shaft via the bearing 44. Since 31 is pushed rightward in FIG. 1 against the urging force of the spring member 32, the horizontal shaft 24 is rotated counterclockwise (direction B in FIG. 1) together with the fixed ring 25. On the contrary, when the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 is retracted (moved to the left in FIG. 1) (see FIG. 4 (b)), the horizontal shaft 24 is moved clockwise (along with the fixed ring 25) by the pressing biasing force of the spring member 32. It is rotated in the direction A in FIG. 1). This horizontal axis 24
The rotation is performed by the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 being transmitted to the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 as it is, and the coarse adjustment is performed.

On the other hand, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 9 is set in a range in which the half-moon flange 84b does not contact the connecting pin 89 (a range indicated by a symbol C in FIG.
When 0 is turned, the pressing plate 88 is pressed and fixed to the stopper member 92 by the frictional force of the urging force of the leaf spring 94, and only the eccentric shaft 84 rotates. Therefore, the eccentric shaft 84
The rotation of the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 causes the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 to swing about the axis O, and the center O ₁ of the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 of the eccentric shaft 84 moves to O ₂ . However, the opposing inner side walls 81, 81 of the coarse / fine movement plate 80 are provided with the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85.
, The coarse and fine movement plate central opening 80a and the eccentric shaft small diameter portion 84c are loosely fitted to each other.
1 follows the swing of the eccentric outer peripheral surface 85 around the point O, and makes a copying operation to change from the solid line position to the virtual line position. That is, the coarse / fine movement plate 80 swings by γ around the connecting pin 89. Therefore, the coarse and fine movement shaft 74 connected by the engagement pin 83
Will rotate about the axis O by β. In this manner, the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 90, which is decelerated by the rotation ratio of β / α (<1) with respect to the rotation of the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90, is obtained.
Then, the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 moves forward or backward, and the horizontal shaft 24 rotates. The rotation of the horizontal shaft 24 is performed by the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90.
The horizontal rotation of the horizontal shaft 24 is slower than the rotation speed during the coarse movement due to the fine rotation due to the rotation of the coarse / fine movement shaft 74 decelerated with respect to the rotation of
It is a fine adjustment of.

In this way, the horizontal shaft 24 is roughly rotated by the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74, the coarse / fine adjustment plate 80, the eccentric shaft 84 having the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90, and the pressing plate 88, which are assembled to the fixed shaft 40 of the shaft fixing mechanism 100. Alternatively, a main part of the coarse / fine movement adjusting mechanism 200 that makes fine rotation is configured.

Next, a case will be described in which the telescope of the surveying instrument in which the coarse / fine movement device is incorporated is collimated in the vertical direction.

First, the telescope is moved around the horizontal axis 24, and when the target object comes to a predetermined position in the field of view of the telescope, the horizontal axis 24 is fixed by the fixing knob 42. Next, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 is rotated clockwise to move the coarse / fine adjustment shaft 74 forward in a coarse movement state, whereby the horizontal shaft 24 and the fixed shaft 25 are roughly rotated counterclockwise. In this way, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 is used to position the target object slightly beyond the horizontal line of the crosshair. Next, turn the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 in the opposite direction (counterclockwise).
The coarse / fine movement shaft 74 is moved backward in the fine movement state by rotating to, and the horizontal shaft 24 is finely rotated clockwise together with the fixed ring 25 by the biasing force of the spring member 32. In this way, the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 is turned in the opposite direction to return the target to the position of the crosshair horizon, and the collimation work is completed.

The above is a description of the coarse / fine movement mechanism around the horizontal axis 24 of the telescope, but the same applies to the coarse / fine movement mechanism around the vertical axis, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in this embodiment, when collimating, the rough collimation by the direct hand, the collimation by rotating the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 within the coarse adjustment range, and the coarse / fine adjustment knob 90 within the fine adjustment range are performed. By performing the three operations of the collimation by the collimation sequentially or in an appropriate combination, the collimation can be performed quickly and accurately.

[Effect of device]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the fixed knob and the coarse / fine adjustment knob are provided adjacent to each other at the same axial center position, so that the collimation operation becomes easy.

In addition, coarse adjustment is performed until the target object approaches the crosshair, and then fine adjustment can be performed to make it easier to match the target object with the crosshair. Becomes

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a coarse / fine adjustment device for a horizontal axis of a theodolite telescope, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of its main part, and FIG. FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) are explanatory views for explaining the operation range of the coarse and fine movements of the apparatus of this embodiment, and FIG. 5 shows the coarse / fine movement axis. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view for explaining a state of being rotated in a fine movement state, FIG. 6 is a side view of a theodolite in which a conventional fine movement adjusting mechanism is assembled, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the conventional fine movement adjusting mechanism. 23 ... Casing, 24 ... Horizontal axis that is the pivot of the telescope, 25 ... Fixed ring, 30 ... Spiral cam, 32 ... Pressing spring member, 40 ... Fixed axis, 42 ... Fixed knob, 50 ... Fixed joint, 60 ... Shaft casing, 74 ... Coarse / fine movement shaft, 74a ... Flange, 80 ... Coarse / fine movement plate, 81 ... Opposite inner side wall which is an engaging portion with eccentric outer peripheral surface, 83 ... ... engagement pin, 84 ... eccentric shaft, 84a ... half-moon flange, 84b ... flange notch which is a connection pin engagement part, 85 ... eccentric outer peripheral surface, 88 ... pressing plate, 89 ... connection pin, 90 ... Coarse / fine adjustment knob, 100 ... Shaft fixing mechanism, 200 ... Coarse / fine adjustment mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A pivot shaft that pivotally supports a collimating telescope horizontally or vertically, and a fixed shaft that is disposed in a shaft casing that is fixedly attached to a surveying instrument and that is provided with a fixed knob at an end thereof. And a pivot support shaft fixing mechanism for fixing the pivot support shaft by rotating the fixed shaft, and having a hollow shape and attached to the outer periphery of the fixed shaft and screwed to the shaft casing. Coarse and fine movement shafts that rotate and rotate the pivot shaft by advancing and retracting by rotating a coarse and fine movement knob that is provided adjacent to the fixed knob and is coaxial with the fixed knob. A coarse and fine adjustment device for collimation of a surveying instrument comprising an adjusting mechanism, wherein the coarse and fine adjustment mechanism is provided with a coarse and fine adjustment knob, and an eccentric shaft disposed on the outer circumference of the fixed shaft and an eccentricity of the eccentric shaft. Has an engaging part that engages with the outer peripheral surface, and is loosely fitted to the outer periphery of the coarse / fine movement shaft. And a coarse / fine movement plate pin-engaged with the coarse / fine movement shaft and a fixed shaft outer periphery and pin-connected to the coarse / fine movement plate to rotate integrally with the coarse / fine movement plate. And a pressing plate that is relatively rotatable around the connecting pin, and a connecting pin engaging portion that is formed on the eccentric shaft and that engages with the connecting pin and presses and rotates the connecting pin within a predetermined rotation range, When the connecting pin and the connecting pin engaging portion of the eccentric shaft are in the engaged state, the connecting pin is pushed by the connecting pin engaging portion, and the pressing plate, the coarse / fine movement plate, and the coarse / fine movement shaft rotate integrally to pivotally support. When the coarse adjustment of the shaft is performed and the connecting pin and the connecting pin engaging part of the eccentric shaft are not engaged, the pressing plate does not rotate, and the coarse and fine plate shakes around the connecting pin due to the rotation of the eccentric shaft. The coarse / fine adjustment shaft is decelerated and rotated to adjust the fine movement of the pivot shaft. Surveying instrument characterized by being composed seen mutatis mutandis coarse and fine movement device so.