JPH06237626A - Harvester for vegetable with formed head - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a small-sized riding type harvester for vegetables with formed head, having characteristics in screw conveyer for harvesting and carrying vegetables with formed head, e.g. cabbage, Chinese cabbage or lettuce from a field. CONSTITUTION:A harvester for vegetables with formed heads is provided with a pair of lateral screw conveyers 6 for pulling out a root stem part of vegetable with formed head grown in a field from the field with the advance of a machine body while rotating so as to hold the root stem part from both lateral sides and then carrying the vegetable to the rear of the machine body. In the screw conveyers 6, when pathway from the front end of a pulling out part 6a to the final ends of carrying parts 6b and 6c is divided into plural pairs of spiral shafts and the divided plural pairs of spiral shafts are connected in series to constitute continued conveyers, connection positions of the divided spiral shafts are constituted so as to differ in left and right sides.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small-sized riding-type vegetable harvesting machine characterized by a screw conveyor for harvesting and transporting bulbous vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and lettuce from a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of heading vegetable harvesters have been proposed for harvesting heading vegetables. For example, in the front part of the machine, the rhizomes of heading vegetables vegetated in the field are pinched from the left and right sides while rotating and pulling out the part from the field as the machine progresses, and the pulled out heading vegetables from the back of the machine. A pair of left and right screw conveyors consisting of a conveyor section that conveys to each side is divided into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveyor section, and the plurality of sets of divided spiral shafts are connected at the same position on the left and right. The applicant of the present invention has proposed a continuous continuous conveyor.

[0003]

By the way, if a plurality of sets of divided spiral shafts are connected at the same position on the left and right sides to form a continuous conveyer like the screw conveyer of the above-mentioned conventional headed vegetable harvester, The action of the left and right spiral shafts will be interrupted at the connection position, the harvest will stagnate at the connection position, and if it is not pushed out by the next moving harvest, the stagnation will be prolonged, work efficiency will be poor, and also There was a problem that it would damage the harvest. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention comprises: (1) Rotating the front part of the machine so that the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field are clamped from both left and right While in the heading vegetable harvester provided with a pair of left and right screw conveyors that are withdrawn from the field as the machine progresses and are conveyed toward the rear of the machine, the screw conveyor has a plurality of paths from the front end of the extraction section to the end of the conveyance section. Dividing into spiral shafts, when connecting a plurality of divided spiral shafts in series to form a continuous conveyor, the connecting positions of the divided spiral shafts are different between the left and right,

(2) The screw conveyor is arranged such that at least one of the left and right spiral axes precedes, at least at the point of changing the action on the harvested product, (3) the extracting spiral at the extracting portion of the screw conveyor. It is characterized in that the tip positions of the shafts are deviated between the left and right, and (4) the tip positions of the conveying spiral shaft in the conveyance section of the screw conveyor are deviated between the left and right.

[0006]

With the above structure, the headed vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following functions. The screw conveyor divides the route from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts, and when connecting a plurality of sets of divided spiral shafts in series to form a continuous conveyor, the divided spiral shafts are Since the left and right connection positions are different, the harvested product does not stagnate at the connection position and can be moved smoothly to prevent damage to the harvested product. Since the screw conveyor is arranged such that at least one of the left and right spiral axes precedes, at least at the point of changing the action on the harvested product, the work of pulling out and carrying the headed vegetables (harvested product) can be performed smoothly.

Since the tip position of the pulling-out spiral shaft in the pulling-out portion of the screw conveyor is deviated between the left and right ones, the work of pulling out the bulb vegetables by the pulling-out spiral shaft is smoothly performed, and the performance of the entire screw conveyor is improved. To do. Since the tip positions of the conveying spiral shafts in the conveying section of the screw conveyor are different between the left and right, the harvested product is smoothly taken over from the pulling section to the conveying section, and the performance of the entire screw conveyor is improved.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 is a headed vegetable harvesting machine, and the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which form a left-right pair and are capable of spin rotation. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the fuselage between the crawlers 2 and 2.
A hydraulic pump 4 and a transmission 5 including a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) are mounted, and power is transmitted from the engine 3. In addition, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 6, 6 are arranged in a diagonal direction from the lower front part of the machine body through the transmission 5 to the upper center part of the machine body to remove the heading vegetables vegetated in the field and convey them backward. The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are pivotally supported at their base ends so as to vertically move the front portion. A control unit 7 is provided on the side of the engine 3.

As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 10, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 rotate while gripping the rhizomes of heading vegetables (eg cabbage) vegetated in the field from both left and right sides. With the progress, the pulling-out portion 6a that pulls out from the field, and the first transporting portion 6b and the second transporting portion 6c that carry over the heading vegetables that have been pulled out by the pulling-out portion 6a with the rhizomes sandwiched therebetween and transport them diagonally upward and rearward of the machine body. It consists of and. This screw conveyor 6
A cutting table (processing space) 8 for cutting the rhizomes from the conveyed heading vegetables by human power is provided in the substantially central portion of the machine body facing the transportation end portion. Behind the cutting board 8,
A forklift-shaped container mounting portion 10 on which the container 9 for storing the cut-and-cured headed vegetables is mounted is provided so as to be able to move up and down diagonally so as to approach the cutting table 8 at the upper part and separate from the cutting table 8 at the lower part. ing.

A pull-out portion 6a of the screw conveyor 6
The front side is open in a figure eight shape in a plane and facilitates the introduction of the rhizome of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field, and the spindle-shaped guide body 11 without a screw at its tip, and subsequently the guide spiral body 11a. A pull-out spiral body 11b is provided, which is bent from the guide spiral body 11a and is connected so that left and right things are displaced forward and backward. Also, the pull-out portion 6
Regarding the connection position from a to the first transport unit 6b, the left and right connection positions are also shifted back and forth. Below the starting end of the second conveyor 6c, a cutting blade 12 for cutting the root of the headed vegetables conveyed by the screw conveyors 6 is provided. On both sides of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, support frames and transmission frames 14 and 14 having a transmission shaft 13 therein are provided to rotatably support the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and in front of the pull-out portion 6a. Power is transmitted through the gear transmission mechanism 15. The support frame and transmission frame 14, 14 may be provided not only on the side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 but also on the upper side.

Rotational support members 16 and 16 are fixed to both sides of the rear ends of the support and transmission frames 14 and 14, and the rotation support members 16 and 16 are pivotally supported by the machine body via a rotation shaft 17. ing. Support frame and transmission frame 1
A hydraulic cylinder 18 is interposed between the lower side of the vehicle 4 and the machine body, and the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the support frame / transmission frames 14 and 14 and the like are rotated by a rotating shaft 17 by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 18. The front part side is moved up and down by turning around.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a power transmission unit 19 for transmitting power by a transmission system from the engine 3 is provided at the rear ends of the support frame / transmission frames 14 and 14, and this power transmission unit is used. Power is transmitted from 19 to the screw conveyor drive units 20, 20 via the chain transmission system. From the screw conveyor drive unit 20, 20,
Power is transmitted to the ends of the transmission shafts 13 and 13 installed in the support and transmission frames 14 and 14 and the second conveyors 6c and 6c of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 via the gear transmission mechanisms 21 and 22, respectively. The second transport units 6c and 6c drive the first transport units 6b and 6b. Also, the pull-out portion 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6
The transport section 6b and the second transport section 6c are independently configured and can be independently replaced.

Then, the pull-out portion 6a for transmitting power from the transmission shafts 13, 13 through the gear transmission mechanisms 15, 15.
6a both rotate outward, so that the first conveyor 6b and the second conveyor 6c, to which power is transmitted from the screw conveyor drive units 20 and 20 via the gear transmission mechanisms 21 and 22, both rotate inward. Has become. Further, the pull-out section 6a, the first transfer section 6b, and the second transfer section 6c rotate at a rotation speed suitable for their respective functions, and have different spiral turning directions and pitches. Further, in the screw conveyor 6, as shown in FIG. 6, the front half of the pull-out portion 6a is a degrees (0 to 20 degrees) with respect to the horizontal line, and the rear half of the pull-out portion 6a to the first transport portion 6b is b degrees ( 28 ±
5 degrees), the second transport section 6c is bent by c degrees (45 ± 10 degrees), and is connected by universal joints 23 and 24 at the respective bent sections. Further, a bending transmission portion 25 is formed on the support frame / transmission frame 14.

Corresponding to the conveying portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, there is provided a holding belt 26 for pressing the conveyed headed vegetables from above. The presser belt 26 connects the support frames / transmission frames 14 and 14 at the front portion thereof with a gate-shaped frame 27, and connects the gate-shaped frame 27 and the rear ends of the support frames / transmission frames 14 and 14 in a left-right pair. Vertical frames 28, 28, and upper frames 29, 30 connected so as to straddle between the vertical frames 28, 28, the rear portion of the support frame 26a is vertically and longitudinally formed by a pair of left and right link bodies 31, 31. It is supported so as to be capable of parallel movement and rotation, and the front part is elastically supported by a pair of left and right springs 32, 32. Presser belt 26
And the rotation speed of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, that is, the movement speed of the headed vegetables are synchronized. The link bodies 31 and 31 may be provided not only in the rear portion of the press belt 26 but also in the intermediate portion or the front portion.

On the outer peripheral surface of the pressing belt 26, plate-like scraping bodies 33, 33, ... Made of a flexible member are provided at predetermined intervals. The scraping body 33 does not necessarily have to be provided. The power transmission to the pressing belt 26 is performed from the shaft end portion of the screw conveyor drive unit 20 via a flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 34. Furthermore, the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed by the flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 35 from the machine body side.
It is supposed to be done through. The pressing belt 26 can be moved up and down and back and forth within a predetermined range with respect to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, and the entire harvesting and conveying section 36 constituted by the pressing belt 26 and the screw conveyors 6 and 6 can rotate. The front side can be moved up and down by rotating around the shaft 17.

Pull-out section 6 of screw conveyors 6 and 6
A pair of left and right guide wheels 37, 37 are provided near the sides of a and 6a so as to come into contact with and follow both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge and receive a reaction force for pulling out headed vegetables. This guide wheel 3
7 is connected to and supported by an up-down adjustment mechanism 38 provided between the upper frame 29 and the gate-shaped frame 27 via a connecting member 39. Further, the left-right width can be adjusted and a camber angle is provided. is doing. Then, as the machine runs, the guide wheels 37, 37 roll on both sides of the heading vegetable ridge to automatically steer the machine, and a manipulator (turning) operation at the end of the field and cutting at the cutting table 8 by one operator. Enable work and. Further, the vertical movement adjustment and the horizontal width adjustment of the guide wheels 37, 37 are performed according to the height and width of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge.

A step 40 for an operator to ride on is provided behind the control section 7 and on the side of the cutting table 8.
A seat 41 is provided in a part of it. Most of the harvesting work is performed by the guide wheels 37, 37 except that the operator performs a steering (steering) operation on the control unit 7 when turning at the field edge.
Touches both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge, and is almost automatically steered, and the operator is exclusively conveyed by the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the press belt 26, and from the end of the conveyance to the cutting table 8. From the discharged headed vegetables, the root cuttings are cut off with a knife.
The cut headed vegetables are stored in the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10.

In the container mounting portion 10, two fork-shaped mounting bases are provided on the inclined frame 42 composed of a pair of left and right channel members provided in the front of the cutting base 8 in a forwardly inclined shape, and rollers (not shown), A lift device is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 43 via a chain and is supported so as to be able to move up and down by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 43. Then, the container 9 containing the bulb vegetables whose roots and roots have been cut is placed, and the container 9 is moved up and down according to the stored amount, and is also used for the cargo handling work of the container 9. The container 9 used here is large enough to accommodate about 200 kg of headed vegetables. Further, the container mounting portion 10 has a structure that can be housed on the side of the machine body by rotating upward from the base end portion thereof.

In the transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 3 to change gears, a continuously variable hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) and a speed change gear are used to change the speed continuously and continuously. The power transmission is connected and disconnected via a differential device to allow the crawlers 2 and 2 to travel continuously and stepwise. A brake device is also provided in association with the differential device. Then, when the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are operated to spin the aircraft.

The screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the presser belt 26 can be adjusted to change their rotation speed and movement speed steplessly and stepwise, and are combined with stepless or stepwise variable speed running of the crawlers 2 and 2. By doing so, the harvesting speed of headed vegetables can be freely set. Further, the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the presser belt 26 are in a state in which the hydraulic cylinder 18 is extended and the rotary shaft 17 is rotated about the center to raise the tip end side when traveling on the road or turning work at the end of the field. ,
It makes it easy to drive on the road and turns headlands in a small area.

Next, the operation of the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 configured as described above will be described. The heading vegetable harvester 1
For example, when performing a harvesting operation in a field where cabbage, which is a heading vegetable, is cultivated, the guide wheel 3 is used according to the cultivation ridge.
7, 37 are adjusted up and down by the up-down adjustment mechanism 38, and the left-right width is adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is contracted to lower the front part of the harvesting and conveying section 36, and the guide wheels 37, 37 are provided on both sides of the cultivation ridge. In the contact state, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the pressing belt 26 are rotationally driven, and the crawlers 2 and 2 run the machine body. Then, the aircraft will be guided by the guide wheels 37, 3
The heading vegetables that are almost automatically steered and run by 7 and are vegetated in the cultivation ridges are pinched from both sides by the pull-out parts 6a, 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6 and are rotated outward and the machine body travels. It is pulled out by and sent to the back without stagnation.

Since guides 11, 11 are provided at the tips of the pull-out portions 6a, 6a, they can be easily introduced into headed vegetables, and the weeds growing in the field can be attached to the rotating pull-out portions 6a, 6a. And the like are prevented from being wrapped around. The heading vegetables pulled out by the pulling portions 6a, 6a are taken over by the first conveying portions 6b, 6b which rotate inward, and then by the second conveying portions 6c, 6c, which rises at a steep angle toward the rear of the machine, Be transported. In this conveying process, the heading vegetables are pressed from above by the pressing belt 26 and move in a stable posture, and the root of the heading vegetables is cut by the cutting blade 1 during the movement.
Cut by 2.

The front end side of the presser belt 26 is suspended by an upper frame 29 by a spring 32 and can be vertically moved and moved in parallel by a link body 31. Further, at a portion corresponding to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the scraping bodies 33 and 33 are provided. Since it is scratched by ..., the posture of the headed vegetables is corrected by pressing the headed vegetables according to the size, interval, etc. of the headed vegetables, and more reliable conveyance is performed, and the root of the headed vegetables is cut at a fixed position by the cutting blade 12. . Further, since the power transmission to the pressing belt 26 is performed by the flexible tube 35, the pressing belt 26 can freely move up and down and move in parallel within a predetermined range.

Further, in the harvesting and conveying section 36 such as the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the pressing belt 26, the rear ends of the supporting frames and transmission frames 14 and 14 are rotatable by the rotating shaft 17, and the front end side thereof is a guide wheel. Since it is supported by 37, 37, the front side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 is very lightly supported, and it is possible to quickly follow the unevenness of the field in the floating state and perform highly accurate harvesting work. . Further, since the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed from the machine body side through the flexible tube 35, the vertical movement of the entire harvesting and transporting section 36 is smoothly performed, and stable harvesting operation is performed.

The heading vegetables discharged from the conveying end portions of the clew conveyors 6 and 6 are brought to the cutting table 8. Then, the worker cuts the stem trunk, the lower leaves and the like from the heading vegetables with a kitchen knife or the like and processes them. The cut stem stem and lower leaves are released to the field. The cut headed vegetables are stored so as to be put into the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10. At this time, when the amount of heading vegetables stored in the container 9 is small, the container placing part 10 is raised,
By lowering the amount as the amount increases, the damage caused by throwing and dropping the bulb vegetables will be reduced.

The container mounting portion 10 includes a hydraulic cylinder 43.
As a result, the machine is moved up and down in an oblique direction with respect to the machine body. By raising the machine body to approach the machine body side, the center of gravity of the machine body is moved toward the center of the machine body, and stable traveling performance is obtained. When the heading vegetables in the container 9 are full, the harvesting operation is interrupted once, and the front side of the harvesting and transporting section 36 is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the machine is finished on the ridge or already harvested. After moving to the place, the container placing section 10 lowers the container 9, places a new container 9 and restarts the harvesting work. The headed vegetables in the unloaded container 9 are packaged and shipped by another operator.

The heading vegetable harvester 1 has a transmission 5 in front of the crawlers 2 and 2, an engine 3, a control section 7 and a processing space 8 in the center, and a container mounting section in the rear. By arranging 10, the front-rear and left-right balance of the machine body is improved, workability and work accuracy are improved, and the traveling property, turning performance, and stability of the machine body are improved. Further, since the crawlers 2 and 2 are configured to be spin-turnable and the transmission 5 is disposed in the central portion on the front side of the machine body, when the machine body spin-turns, it can be rotated in either left or right direction with good balance. Therefore, the soil of the field is not greatly attracted by the crawlers 2 and 2.

The spiral direction, pitch and rotation direction, and rotation speed of the pull-out section 6a, the first transfer section 6b and the second transfer section 6c of the screw conveyors 6 and 6 of the above-described embodiment are set to a state suitable for each function. As a result, the headed vegetables will be properly extracted and transported. Further, since the pull-out section 6a and the first transfer section 6b and the second transfer section 6c are driven by different power transmission systems, it is possible to change their respective rotation speeds, and it is possible to adjust them more appropriately. You can also do the work. Further, the pull-out section 6a and the first transport section 6
Since the b and the second transport unit 6c are each configured by a plurality of spiral shafts, if any of them is damaged,
You only need to replace the damaged one.

[0029]

As described above, the heading vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following effects. The screw conveyor divides the route from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of sets of spiral shafts, and when connecting a plurality of sets of divided spiral shafts in series to form a continuous conveyor, the divided spiral shafts are Since the left and right connection positions are different, the harvested product does not stay at the connection position of the spiral shaft, and the harvested product is smoothly moved without damaging the harvested product. Since the screw conveyor is arranged such that at least one of the left and right spiral axes precedes, at least at the point of changing the action on the harvested product, the work of pulling out and carrying the headed vegetables (the harvested product) is carried out smoothly, There is no stagnation.

Since the tip position of the pulling-out spiral shaft in the pulling-out portion of the screw conveyor is deviated between the left and right, the work of pulling out the bulb vegetables by the pulling-out spiral shaft is smoothly performed without delay, and the performance of the entire screw conveyor is improved. Can be improved. Since the tip position of the conveying spiral shaft in the conveying section of the screw conveyor is different between the left and right, the transfer of the harvested product from the extracting section to the conveying section is performed smoothly, improving the performance of the entire screw conveyor. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an entire headed vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a screw conveyor portion.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an arrow A portion of FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow B in FIGS. 5 and 6.

9 is a sectional view of an arrow C portion in FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow D in FIGS. 5 and 6.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Balloon Vegetable Harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic Pump 5 Transmission 6 Screw Conveyor 6a Extraction Part 6b First Transfer Part 6c Second Transfer Part 7 Control Part 8 Cutting Table (Processing Space) 9 Container 10 Container Placement Part (Lift Device) ) 11 guide body 11a guide spiral body 11b withdrawing spiral body 12 cutting blade 13 transmission shaft 14 support frame and transmission frame 15, 21, 22 gear transmission mechanism 16 rotation support member 17 rotation shaft 18, 43 hydraulic cylinder 19 power transmission unit 20 screw Conveyor drive unit 23, 24 Universal joint 25 Bending transmission unit 26 Holding belt 26a Support frame 27 Gate frame 28 Vertical frame 29, 30 Upper frame 31 Link body 32 Spring 33 Scraping body 34, 35 Flexible tube ( Angle of inclination of a moving mechanism) 36 harvest transport portion 37 guide wheel 38 up and down adjustment mechanism 39 interlocking member 40 steps 41 seat 42 inclined frame a~c horizontal plane

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right that transports toward the rear of the machine body while advancing the machine body while rotating while holding the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field from the left and right sides of the machine body front part. In the heading vegetable harvester provided with a screw conveyor, the screw conveyor divides the route from the front end of the pulling section to the end of the conveying section into a plurality of spiral shafts, and connects the plurality of divided spiral shafts in series. A heading vegetable harvester characterized in that the connecting positions of the divided spiral shafts are made different for the left and right when constructing a continuous conveyor. 2. The head-mounted vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the screw conveyor is arranged such that at least the conveying action change point for the harvested product is preceded by one of the left and right spiral axes. . 3. The headed vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the leading end position of the pulling-out spiral shaft in the pulling-out portion of the screw conveyor is deviated between left and right. 4. The headed vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the tip positions of the conveying spiral shafts in the conveying section of the screw conveyor are left and right shifted.