JPH0622521A - Electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To eliminate a compensation electrode and a middle electrode, simplify a structure, and miniaturize a motor, and at the same time save power and obtain a large output by constituting an armature with a plurality of pole segments with an independent coil, performing operations with a plurality of permanent magnets of a stator, and at the same time generating a plurality of groups of magnetic field. CONSTITUTION: When a DC electric motor has eight poles, a rectifier 22 of an armature 2 is divided into 24 conductive segments 22a and is connected to both terminals of an independent coil 211, that is wound around each of 12 pole segments 21 for forming an independent circuit. Also, the 12 independent coils 211 are formed into four groups, and four pairs of brushes 23 that contact the rectifier 22 are provided. In this case, when a DC current is supplied to the independent coil 211 via the brushes 23 and the rectifier 22, four groups of separation magnetic field are generated by a permanent magnet 11 and the independent coil 211 of the stator 1, thus obtaining large torque as through four separate electric motor functioned simultaneously.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric motor having a stator and an armature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Electric motors are generally provided with windings on the armature in order to generate torque, and windings are also provided in the armature to generate electromotive force in the generator. These armature windings are performed by various methods, and the method generally used so far is a drum winding, and the drum winding includes parallel winding and series winding. The former parallel winding is used for large-capacity, large-current electric machines, and the latter series winding is used for medium / small-capacity and relatively high-voltage electric machines.

[0003]

An electric machine equipped with an armature wound as described above has the problems of biasing the neutral phase of magnetism to one side and the problem of cross-magnetization, which makes rectification difficult. It leads to a reduction of the electromotive force generated in the generator or a reduction of the torque generated in the electric motor. Therefore, it is necessary to add an extra compensation winding or an intermediate pole with a winding to the normal winding so as to supplement the electromotive force generated by the magnetic flux generated by the reaction of the armature. However, the provision of such compensation windings or intermediate poles with windings has the drawbacks of increasing the size of the motor and complicating the structure.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, the present invention has been made.
An object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor that is simple and small without providing a compensation winding and an intermediate pole, uses a small amount of electricity, and can obtain a larger output than a normal electric machine.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric motor comprising a stator and an armature rotatably pierced through the stator. A plurality of permanent magnets arranged in an annular shape at regular intervals, and a plurality of silicon stations spaced at equal intervals respectively positioned on the inner surface between the permanent magnets and supporting the permanent magnets. And an armature, a commutator fixed to the shaft, and a direct current fixed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the shaft are supplied through the commutator and the brush. Then, one of the permanent magnets of the stator
And a plurality of pole segments each having a winding independent coil connected to the two conductive segments of the commutator so as to form an independent circuit for inducing a magnetic field acting on each other. When electric power is supplied to the independent coil, the electric motor is constructed by interacting with a plurality of permanent magnets of the stator to simultaneously generate a plurality of magnetic field groups.

[0006]

In the electric motor constructed as described above, when electric power is supplied to the independent coils, the electric motors interact with the plurality of permanent magnets of the stator to simultaneously generate a plurality of magnetic field groups.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, 100 is an electric motor of the present invention, and the electric motor 100 is composed of a stator 1 and an armature 2 as main components.

The stator 1 is located at a plurality of permanent magnets 11 arranged at equal intervals in an annular shape, and the permanent magnets 11 are located on the inner side surfaces between the plurality of permanent magnets 11, respectively. It is composed of a plurality of silicon steel pieces (silicon steel pieces) 12 which are supported at regular intervals.

The armature 2 has a plurality of pole segments 21 each fixed to a shaft 20 around which a separate independent coil 211 is wound. Both ends of each independent coil 211 are fixed to the shaft 20. It is connected to each of the two conductive segments of the commutator 22 in order to have an electrically conductive segment of the commutator 22 and an independent circuit which is supplied with current through the brush 23. In the DC motor of this embodiment, this armature 2 is configured to have 8 poles as shown in FIGS.

That is, the commutator 22 of the armature 2 is divided into 24 conductive segments 22a, and each of the two conductive segments 22a forms 12 independent poles to form an independent circuit.
And the independent coil 211 wound around each of the loop segments 21 is connected to both ends. The twelve pole segments 21 form 12 units, A to L, and four brushes 23 in contact with the commutator 22 are provided to send a direct current to the commutator 22. .

When a direct current is supplied to the independent coil 211 via the brush 23 and the commutator 22, the separated magnetic field of 4
The group can be generated by an independent coil 211 to interact with the poles of the stator 1 or the permanent magnet 11. Therefore, a large torque can be obtained as if four separate electric motors were functioning at the same time.

The stator 1 is functionally divided into four parts 1, 2, 3, 4 by a brush 23, as shown in FIG.
Each part has two permanent magnets 11 which interact with each of the three pole segments 21 of the armature 2. Brush 23
Constitutes a dividing function, and a part of the stator 1 is an armature 2
Of the pole segments A, B and C, two parts of the pole segments D, E and F, and three parts of the pole segments G,
If H, I and the four parts interact with the pole segments J, K, L respectively, a direct current will flow through the brush 23 and the commutator 22 into all the pole segments 21.
Of the stator coil 1 just facing the pole segment A when supplied to the independent coil 211 of
Inducing a magnetic field that rejects one of the same polarities of the permanent magnets 11 of, causing the armature 2 to rotate. At this time, 1 of the brush 23
Bract original contact point A ₁ of the contact point A ₁ of contacting the commutator 22 is moved L ₁ as shown in FIG.

At this position, no brush 23 is in contact with the contact point B ₁ of the commutator 22, so that the pole segment B faces the pole segment B.
Is not magnetized to induce a magnetic field that interacts with
It does not create a pulling force on the rotation of the le segment A. At the same time, in the pole segment C, the conductive segments C ₁ and C ₁ of the commutator 22 receive the bias current from the brush 23, the pole segment A moves further, and again from the contact point L _{1 of the} commutator 22 to the contact point. Since it replaces B ₁ , the permanent magnet 11 facing the pole segment C is magnetized so as to generate a rejection force. At this time, the pole segment B induces a magnetic field that rejects the permanent magnet 11 facing the pole segment B, but the pulling force is not formed in the pole segment C. At the same time, the pole segment D contacts one of the brushes 23, since the contact points D ₁ and D ₁ of the commutator 22 receive the bias current, and the permanent magnet 1 facing the pole segment D 1
A magnetic field occurs that rejects 1.

In this way, a part of the armature 2 or a quarter of the rotation of the armature 2 is completed. At this time, the rest of the armature 2, 2, 3, and 4 and the stator 1 work in sequence with one another in the same way in order to complete one revolution of the armature 2.

If this is shown in the time division, the pole segment 21 in each of the four parts is shown in FIG.
Interact with the stator 1 at the same time. For example, the pole segment A in one part, the pole segment D in two parts, the pole segment G in three parts and the pole segment J in four parts simultaneously interact with the corresponding pole segment in the stator 1. Act on.

Therefore, the four groups of magnetic fields are simultaneously induced to interact with the permanent magnets, as if they were 4
Large torque is generated as can be obtained from two separate electric motors. At this time, the output generated by the armature 2 is greatly increased and all the independent coils 211 wound around the pole segment 21 are independent from the other, thus compensating for the bias of the magnetic neutral phase. Against
The compensating windings and intermediate pole windings that a conventional DC motor has can interact with each other and can therefore be omitted to simplify the construction of the DC motor. Therefore, the consumption of electricity is reduced, but the rotational torque is increased.

[0018]

As is apparent from the above description, the following effects can be obtained in the present invention.

(1) In an electric motor composed of a stator and an armature arranged so as to rotatably pass through the stator, the stator is arranged in an annular shape at equal intervals. The armature is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of silicon steel pieces which are located on the inner surface between the permanent magnets and which support the permanent magnets and are spaced at equal intervals. , When a commutator fixed to this shaft and a direct current fixed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the shaft are supplied via the commutator and the brush, they interact with one of the permanent magnets of the stator. An independent coil of an armature, since it is composed of a plurality of pole segments each having an independent coil wound around and connected to two conductive segments of the commutator so as to form an independent circuit for inducing a magnetic field. Power supply Possible to produce a plurality of magnetic field group simultaneously acts together with a plurality of permanent magnets of the stator to be. Therefore, the structure is simple and the size can be reduced.

(2) Due to the above (1), the power consumption is reduced and the rotational torque can be increased.

(3) It can be easily manufactured by the method (1).

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an armature in an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of an independent coil of a brush and an armature associated with a commutator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the pole segment of the armature and the pole of the stator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the movement of the arm segment of the armature related to the stator pole of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the movement of the arm segment of the armature related to the stator pole of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an actuated armature port of an embodiment of the present invention.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the time allocation with respect to each segment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Stator, 2: Armature, 1
1: Permanent magnet, 12: Silicon steel piece, 20: Shaft, 2
1: pole segment, 22: commutator,
23: brush, 100: electric motor,
211: Independent coil.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electric motor comprising a stator and an armature rotatably pierced through the stator, wherein a plurality of the stators are annularly arranged at equal intervals. A plurality of permanent magnets, and a plurality of silicon steel pieces which are located on the inner surface between the permanent magnets and are spaced apart at equal intervals to support the permanent magnets, and the armature is a shaft, When a commutator fixed to this shaft and a direct current fixed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the shaft are supplied via the commutator and the brush, one of the permanent magnets of the stator is
And a plurality of pole segments each having a winding independent coil connected to the two conductive segments of the commutator so as to form an independent circuit for inducing a magnetic field acting on each other. When electric power is supplied to the independent coil, the electric motor interacts with a plurality of permanent magnets of the stator to simultaneously generate a plurality of magnetic field groups.