JPH06221722A - Absorption refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an absorption type refrigerating machine which is static and has a satisfactory closing property and a simplified structure without using a rotary machine for circulation of an absorber and a refrigerant. CONSTITUTION:A solution pump 15 realized by a solenoid pump is provided on a pipe line serving to return a diluted absorbing agent by an absorber 14 to a regenerator 11. A refrigerant pump 17 realized by the use of a solenoid pump is provided on a pipe line through which a condensed refrigerant solution is fed from a condenser 12 to an evaporator 13. The solution pump 15 and the refrigerant pump 17 are simultaneously heated by a burner 18 for heating the regenerator 11. Further, the solution pump 15 and the refrigerant pump 17 include thermoelectric elements for producing driving force on an absorption solution and the refrigerant solution in itself by making use of a current produced by heating.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerating machine for cooling air by using gas as a heat source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an absorption refrigerator having an absorption refrigeration cycle as shown in FIG. 6 has a regenerator 1 and a condenser 2.
And is basically composed of the evaporator 3 and the absorber 4.
In the regenerator 1, an aqueous solution of an absorbent such as lithium bromide (LiBr) is heated and concentrated by using steam or warm water generated by a heating source. In the condenser 2, the steam generated from the regenerator 1 is cooled by the cooling water and condensed. The condensed water is guided to the evaporator 3 and is sprayed toward the object to be cooled. The sprayed water evaporates on the surface of the object to be cooled, at which time the heat of vaporization taken from the object to be cooled causes
Cool the object to be cooled. The absorber 4 supplied with the concentrated absorbent from the regenerator 1 absorbs the water vapor generated in the evaporator 3. Since the water vapor is absorbed in the absorbent in the absorber 4, the saturated vapor pressure of the water vapor as the refrigerant in the evaporator 3 becomes low, and the evaporation temperature becomes low.

Generally, the regenerator 1 is arranged above the absorber 4. Therefore, the absorbent concentrated in the regenerator 1 moves to the absorber 4 by gravity. The absorbent, which has absorbed water vapor in the absorber 4 and is diluted, is returned to the regenerator 1 by the solution pump 5. A heat exchanger 6 is provided between the regenerator 1 and the absorber 4 to perform heat exchange between the heated and concentrated absorbent and the diluted and cooled absorbent. In the evaporator 3, the condensed refrigerant is sprayed on the object to be cooled by the refrigerant pump 7.

The regenerator 1 and the condenser 2, the evaporator 3 and the absorber 4 are in communication with each other, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 1 and the evaporator 3 respectively follows the vapor moving directions 8 and 9. , The condenser 2 and the absorber 4, respectively. In addition, in the absorption chiller, there is also known one in which ammonia is used as a refrigerant and water is used as an absorbent. Unlike the vapor compression refrigerator, it is not affected by CFC regulations, so future development is expected.

[0005]

In the conventional absorption refrigerator as shown in FIG. 6, a mechanical solution is used to move and circulate the absorbent between the regenerator 1 and the absorber 4. The pump 5 is used. Further, also in the evaporator 3, water, which is a refrigerant, is sprayed to the object to be cooled by the mechanical refrigerant pump 7.

In order to operate the absorption refrigerator as shown in FIG. 6 efficiently, it is necessary to lower the saturated vapor pressure in the evaporator 3 and lower the evaporation temperature. For example, 4
The saturated vapor pressure of a 59% lithium bromide solution at 0 ° C is 8 × 10 ^-3 kgf / cm ² (0.8 kP in absolute pressure).
a), which is closer to a vacuum state than atmospheric pressure. It is difficult to maintain this vacuum state when using a mechanical pump. Therefore, the absorption refrigerator is often used in a relatively large-scale refrigerator, but it is difficult to use in a small-scale refrigerator such as a household refrigerator.

An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerating machine which does not require a rotating machine for circulating a refrigerant or an absorbing liquid and is quiet and has a good sealing performance.

[0008]

According to the present invention, an absorbent is heated in a regenerator by a heating means to be concentrated, and the concentrated absorbent is made to absorb a refrigerant vapor so as to communicate with the absorber. In an absorption refrigerator that evaporates and freezes a refrigerant in an evaporator, an absorption characterized in that an electromagnetic pump is provided in a circulation path of at least one of an absorbent and a refrigerant liquid, and a driving force is directly applied to the fluid. It is a freezer.

The electromagnetic pump of the present invention includes a permanent magnet for generating a magnetic field, a pair of electrodes provided in a direction intersecting with the direction of the magnetic field, and a p-type semiconductor thermoelectric element connected to one of the electrodes. , And an n-type semiconductor thermoelectric element connected to the other electrode, and a conductor connecting between the p-type and n-type semiconductor thermoelectric elements, and is heated by the heating means.

Further, the conductor of the present invention is characterized in that it is provided with a control means capable of adjusting an electrical connection state.

[0011]

According to the present invention, the electromagnetic pump is provided in the circulation path of at least one of the absorbent and the refrigerant liquid.
The electromagnetic pump directly generates a driving force in the fluid. Since it is not a mechanical pump, hermetic sealing is easy.

According to the present invention, the electromagnetic pump is provided with a pair of electrodes, and the pair of electrodes connected to the p-type semiconductor thermoelectric element and the n-type semiconductor thermoelectric element are connected to the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. Are arranged in the direction intersecting. The electromagnetic pump is heated by a heating unit that heats and concentrates the absorbent in the regenerator. This heating temperature and fluid (absorbent)
Due to the temperature difference between the two, a thermoelectromotive force is generated between the p-type semiconductor summer electric element and the n-type semiconductor thermoelectric element. A current due to thermoelectromotive force flows in the fluid between the electrodes, and a magnetic field is applied in a direction intersecting the direction of the current. For this reason, a force according to Fleming's left-hand rule is generated in the fluid, and becomes a direct driving force.

According to the invention, the conductor connecting the p-type and n-type semiconductor thermoelectric elements is provided with control means capable of adjusting the electrical connection state. By adjusting the electrical connection state, the driving force acting on the fluid can be adjusted and the circulation amount of the fluid can be easily controlled, so that the refrigerating capacity of the absorption refrigerator is balanced with the control of the heating heat source. Therefore, the control is easy.

[0014]

FIG. 1 shows a schematic piping system of an absorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the refrigerator body 10,
Regenerator 11, condenser 12, evaporator 13 and absorber 14
An absorption refrigeration cycle including is formed. The absorbent diluted in the absorber 14 is stored in the absorber 1 by the solution pump 15.
4 is returned to the inside of the regenerator 11 provided above. The absorbent concentrated in the regenerator 11 is absorbed by the absorber 14 by gravity.
Move to. Lithium bromide is used as the absorbent, and water is used as the refrigerant. The water vapor generated from the regenerator 11 is cooled by the condenser 12 and guided to the evaporator 13 as liquid water. Absorber 14 and solution pump 1
A heat exchanger 16 is provided between the two. Heat exchanger 16
The liquid refrigerant from the condenser 12 is also guided to the heat exchanger, and gives the heat generated during the condensation to the diluted absorbent side. A refrigerant pump 17 is provided between the condenser 12 and the heat exchanger 16 for moving the condensed refrigerant.

The regenerator 11 is heated by a burner 18 that burns gas. The burner 18, which is this heating means, also heats the solution pump 15 and the refrigerant pump 17, which are realized as electromagnetic pumps. A fin 19 is provided in the regenerator 11, the solution pump 15, the refrigerant pump 17, and a pipe line from the solution pump 15 to the regenerator 11.
The efficiency of heating by the burner 18 is improved. The regenerator 11, the solution pump 15, the refrigerant pump 17, the burner 18, and the like are combined into a heating area 20.

A fan 21 and a motor 22 for driving the fan 21 are provided below the refrigerator body 10. An intake port 23 is provided near the fan 21 to introduce air from the outside. A part of the air introduced by the fan 21 is used for the combustion of the burner 18 via the vent hole 24 provided in the heating area 20. In the heating area 20,
The exhaust gas that has heated the regenerator 11, the solution pump 15, the refrigerant pump 17, and the fins 19 is exhausted from the exhaust gas port 25.

The rest of the air sucked from the intake port 23 is
The fins 26 provided in the supply line of the absorbent concentrated between the regenerator 11 and the absorber 14 and the fins 27 for heat dissipation provided in the condenser 12 are air-cooled and discharged from the exhaust port 28.

The evaporator 30 is blown with air in a room to be cooled, for example, by a fan 30 which is rotationally driven by a motor 29. The evaporator 13 is cooled by the latent heat taken by the refrigerant as it evaporates.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the solution pump 15 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a section line III-III of FIG.
It is sectional drawing seen from. Permanent magnets 32 and 33 are attached in one diameter direction to a pipe 31 forming a pipe line connecting the heat exchanger 16 to the regenerator 11. The permanent magnets 32 and 33 are magnetized in the radial direction of the pipe 31. For example, the upper permanent magnet 32 is magnetized to have an S pole on the outside and an N pole on the inside. The lower permanent magnet 33 is magnetized to have an S pole inside and an N pole outside. The pair of permanent magnets 3
The outer magnetic poles 2 and 33 are magnetically connected by a yoke formed of an iron ring 34. The thermoelectric element 35 includes, for example, an n-type semiconductor thermoelectric element, and the other thermoelectric element 36 is p.
Type semiconductor thermoelectric device. The thermoelectric elements 35 and 36 are respectively connected to a pair of opposing electrodes 37 and 38 on the inner peripheral side. The thermoelectric elements 35 and 36 are electrically connected on the outer peripheral side by a conductor (not shown).

An arrow mark 3 in FIG. 3 is provided between the permanent magnets 32 and 33.
A magnetic field as shown in 9 is generated. A pair of electrodes 37, 38
During heating, an electric field as indicated by arrow 40 is generated by heating. The absorbent used in the absorption refrigerator is, for example, lithium bromide, and its aqueous solution has conductivity. Therefore, when the electric field 40 is generated, a current flows along the electric field 40. Since the direction of this current intersects the direction of the magnetic field 39, a torque based on Fleming's left-hand rule is generated as a driving force 41 in the absorbent that is a conductive fluid. This force can cause the absorbent to move against gravity. Further, the refrigerant pump 17 shown in FIG. 1 is also constituted by such an electromagnetic pump, so that the heat exchanger 1
It is possible to circulate the refrigerant against the resistance of the pipeline in 6 or in the evaporator 13. The direction of the magnetic field 39 and the electric field 4
It is preferable that they are orthogonal to the direction of 0 and both are orthogonal to the axial direction of the pipe 31.

FIG. 4 shows the thermoelectric element 3 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
5 and 36 show schematic configurations. A semiconductor thermoelectric element 42 is included in each of the thermoelectric elements 35 and 36. Semiconductor thermoelectric element 4
In order to supplement the mechanical strength of No. 2 and to absorb the thermal expansion / contraction, a leaf spring 43 is provided at the connection with the electrodes 37, 38. A fin 45 is attached to the outer peripheral side of the pipe 31 via a leaf spring 44. Electrodes 37, 38 and pipe 31
The space between and is hermetically sealed by an insulating seal 46. When the fin 45 side is heated by the burner 18 shown in FIG. 1, thermoelectromotive force is generated in the semiconductor thermoelectric element 42 according to the temperature difference between the fin 31 and the absorbent in the pipe 31. Leaf springs 43, 4
4 is used to secure heat conduction and electric conduction between the semiconductor thermoelectric element 42 and the electrodes 37, 38 and the fin 45.
A conductive material is deposited on the surface of the semiconductor thermoelectric element 42.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic electrical configuration of another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and a thyristor 47 which is a switching element is connected between the thermoelectric elements 35 and 36. The gate of the thyristor 47 is chopper-controlled by the control circuit 48, so that the amount of the current I flowing through the absorbent can be adjusted and the driving force can be controlled. Such electrical control is easy, and the heat source is varied as the capacity control of the absorption chiller together with the control of the heating heat source, but at the same time, the electromagnetic pump capacity is also changed, and this change amount is not always balanced. This is balanced by electrical control.

According to each of the above embodiments, it is possible to construct an electromagnetic pump having a simple structure without using mechanical rotating parts. Since the heating of the electromagnetic pump is performed by the heating heat source that heats the regenerator, the absorption refrigerator can be operated without using a power source for driving the pump. Since there is no driving part, noise is not generated, and an electromagnetic pump that is quiet and has few failures can be realized. The refrigerant pump 1
In No. 7, it is necessary to generate a driving force in distilled water, so to speak, so it is better to add a small amount of an absorbent or the like so that the electric conductivity becomes a certain value or more. Further, it is needless to say that the efficiency can be increased by making multiple effects such as so-called double effect.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the electromagnetic pump is used, it is possible to circulate a fluid such as an absorbent or a refrigerant liquid without using a mechanical pump. Since a mechanical pump that requires a rotating machine or the like is not used, the operating noise is quiet and the structure is simple, and it is possible to easily realize a small absorption refrigerator that is suitable for home use.

According to the present invention, the electromagnetic pump has p
Type semiconductor thermoelectric element and n-type semiconductor thermoelectric element,
Since the driving means is generated by performing thermoelectric generation by the heating means of the regenerator, an external power source for driving the pump becomes unnecessary. Furthermore, since the electromagnetic pump is heated, the absorbent returning from the absorber to the regenerator can be heated via the electromagnetic pump, so that it is not necessary to increase the heating heat source for the electromagnetic pump.

Further, according to the present invention, the connection state between the p-type semiconductor thermoelectric element and the n-type semiconductor thermoelectric element can be controlled, and the circulating amount of the absorbent can be easily controlled. This makes it possible to easily control the refrigerating capacity of the absorption refrigerator.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic piping system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the solution pump 15 shown in FIG.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solution pump 15 shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the structure of the thermoelectric element 34 shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic electrical configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic piping system diagram of a conventional absorption refrigerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Regenerator 12 Condenser 13 Evaporator 14 Absorber 15 Fuel Pump 17 Refrigerant Pump 18 Burner 19,45 Fin 20 Heating Area 31 Pipe 32,33 Permanent Magnet 34 Iron Ring 35,36 Thermoelectric Element 37,38 Electrode 41 Force 42 Semiconductor Thermoelectric element 43,44 Leaf spring 47 Thyristor 48 Control circuit

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An absorbent is heated and concentrated by a heating means in a regenerator, the refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the absorbent concentrated in the absorber, and the refrigerant is evaporated in an evaporator communicating with the absorber. In an absorption chiller for freezing, an electromagnetic chiller is provided in a circulation path of at least one of an absorbent and a refrigerant liquid to directly apply a driving force to the fluid. 2. The electromagnetic pump comprises a permanent magnet for generating a magnetic field, a pair of electrodes provided in a direction intersecting the direction of the magnetic field, a p-type semiconductor thermoelectric element connected to one of the electrodes, and the other. 2. The absorption refrigeration system according to claim 1, further comprising: an n-type semiconductor thermoelectric element connected to the electrode of FIG. 1; and a conductor connecting between the p-type and n-type semiconductor thermoelectric elements, and being heated by the heating means. vessel. 3. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the conductor is provided with control means capable of adjusting an electrical connection state.