JPH06206160A - Grinding wheel shaping method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prolong the life of a grinding wheel by detecting the shape change of a grinding surface when the grinding wheel is shaped by a truer installed on a grinding work machine which can be feed-controlled at least in two-axis directions, and carrying out shaping only in the case where truing is necessary in fact. CONSTITUTION:As for a grinding wheel shaping device A which is installed on a grinding machine which is constituted so that a grinding wheel K can be feed-controlled at least in two axis P, Q directions by a feed control means 10, a truer 4 installed at the top edge of a rotary spindle 3 is provided, and potentiometers 7 and 8 for detecting the shape changes of the grinding surfaces K1 and K2 of the grinding wheel K and a truing control means 9 are provided. The control means 9 is equipped with a judging part 9a for judging the correctness of the truing for the grinding wheel K on the basis of the detection value of the shape change and a calculation part 9b for calculating the min. truing quantity for obtaining a specific shape state, in the case where the judgement result is 'YES', and the signal corresponding to the obtained truing quantity is outputted in a feed control means 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grinding wheel forming method and apparatus for forming the grinding wheel by a truer provided in a grinding machine capable of feeding the grinding wheel in at least two axial directions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a grinding machine of this type, a grinding surface of a grinding wheel is worn by machining a work. However, if machining is continued in this state, machining accuracy cannot be obtained and good machining cannot be performed. . Conventionally, an operator has brought a truer into contact with the grinding surface of a grinding wheel to form an appropriate truing amount, but the skill of the operator is required. In addition, there is a problem in that the number of revolutions of the truer is limited, and it is not possible to perform truing under optimum conditions.

[0003]

Therefore, every time grinding is performed for a certain period of time, the truer is brought into contact with the grinding surface of the grinding wheel to automatically form the grinding surface with a predetermined constant truing amount. There is also provided such a device. However, the truing amount is set to be large in order to surely obtain a predetermined molding state by truing. Therefore, there is a problem in that the grinding wheel reaches the replacement time early and must be replaced frequently. Further, the surface of the grindstone after truing is not necessarily finished in an optimal state for processing, and further, when the grindstone shaft is automatically replaced, a mounting error may occur.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the grinding wheel can be automatically formed in order to keep the state of the grinding wheel optimum.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a grinding wheel forming method and apparatus capable of extending the life of the grinding wheel.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the method for forming a grinding wheel according to the present invention uses a truer provided in a grinding machine capable of feeding and controlling the grinding wheel in at least two axial directions. In the grinding wheel forming method for forming a grinding wheel, a change in the shape of the grinding surface of the rotating grinding wheel is detected, and based on this detected value it is determined whether or not truing is required for the grinding wheel, and when truing is performed, a predetermined value is set. The minimum truing amount for obtaining the above-mentioned molding state is calculated based on the above detection value, and the grinding wheel is molded with this truing amount.

A grinding wheel forming apparatus according to the present invention is provided in a grinding machine capable of feeding a grinding wheel in at least two axial directions by a feed control means, and a grinding wheel forming apparatus for forming the grinding wheel by a truer. , A shape change detecting means for detecting a change in the shape of the grinding surface of a rotating grinding wheel, a judging section for judging whether or not truing is necessary for the grinding wheel based on a value detected by the shape change detecting means, and truing is required by this judging section When it is judged that the minimum truing amount for obtaining a predetermined molding state is calculated based on the above-mentioned detected value, the feed control means is operated according to the truing amount calculated by this calculating part. Truing control means including an output section for outputting a signal according to the truing amount for setting the feed amount The is characterized in that it comprises.

Further, as a preferable mode of this apparatus,
A planetary gear speed increasing mechanism that speeds up the rotation of the flexible shaft connected to the drive side and transmits the speed to the rotary main shaft of the truer is connected to the main rotating shaft of the truer. Furthermore, as a preferred mode of this device, the above-mentioned truer has dressing surfaces parallel to the above-mentioned two axes.

[0008]

According to the above-mentioned method of the invention, only when the shape of the grinding wheel changes so much that truing is actually required, the truing is performed with the minimum required truing amount to obtain a predetermined molding state. . Therefore, the grinding wheel is not unnecessarily scraped.

Further, according to the above-mentioned invention apparatus, the shape change detecting means detects the shape change of the grinding surface of the rotating grinding wheel. The truing control means determines whether or not truing is necessary for the grinding wheel based on the detected value by the determination part, and when it is determined that truing is necessary,
The minimum truing amount is calculated by the calculation unit, and a signal corresponding to this truing amount is sent to the sending control means. The feed control means sets a feed amount according to the minimum truing amount.

When the planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism is provided, the rotation on the drive side can be accelerated and transmitted to the rotation main shaft of the truer to rotate the rotation main shaft at a high speed.
As a result, the rotational inertial force of the rotary main shaft can be increased, and rotation unevenness and vibration of the rotary main shaft can be suppressed. Further, it is effective in shortening the truing time and improving the sharpness of the grindstone grains. Further, since the planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism can be arranged coaxially with the rotating main shaft, the space in the radial direction of the rotating main shaft can be reduced.
Moreover, since the flexible shaft is interposed between the drive side and the speed increasing mechanism, it is possible to arrange with a desired crossing angle provided between the rotary main shaft and the rotary shaft of the drive side motor or the like. And can contribute to space reduction.

When the truer has the truing surfaces parallel to the two axes, the two surfaces of the grinding wheel can be trued by a single truer.

[0012]

Embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments. FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a grinding wheel forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a grinding wheel forming apparatus. With reference to FIG. 2, the grinding wheel forming apparatus A is installed in a grinding machine capable of feeding control of the grinding wheel K in at least two axes P and Q by the feed control means 10. The grinding wheel forming apparatus A includes a forming apparatus main body 1 provided in a predetermined portion of a grinding machine, a rotary spindle 3 rotatably supported by the forming apparatus main body 1 via a bearing 2, and a rotary main spindle 3 of the rotary main spindle 3. A truer 4 attached to the tip and integrally rotated, a planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism 6 connected to a rotary shaft of a motor as a drive side via a flexible shaft 5 and also connected to the rotary main shaft 3, and a grinding wheel. Potentiometers 7 and 8 as shape change detecting means for detecting the shape changes (shape collapse, wear amount, etc.) of the ground surfaces K1 and K2 of K, and truing for controlling truing based on signals from the potentiometers 7 and 8. And a control means 9.

The grinding machine comprises a numerically controlled gliding center and the like, and the feed control means 10 has a feed amount setting unit for setting the feed amount of the grinding wheel K when the workpiece is ground by the grinding wheel K. 10a is included.
The grinding wheel K has a cylindrical shape whose rotation axis Ka is parallel to the axis P. The grinding surface K1 is composed of the peripheral surface of the cylinder and extends along the direction of the axis P. The grinding surface K2 is formed by the flat end surface of the cylinder and is parallel to the axis Q.

The rotating main shaft 3 is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the directions of the two axes P and Q, and the truer 4 is provided with a truing surface 4a which is a conical surface. The generatrix of the conical surface is inclined so as to form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the extension line of the rotary main shaft 3. As a result, the truing surface 4a is parallel to the two axes P and Q, and the grinding surfaces K1 and K2 of the grinding wheel K at the time of molding.
A potentiometer 7 having first and second lines of action 41, 42 as a truing surface that is in sliding contact with
Is a contact body 71 made of ceramics such as silicon nitride and having a flat contact surface 71a that contacts the grinding surface K1;
A leaf spring 72 supporting the back surface 71b of the contact body 71,
This leaf spring 72 is located close to the back surface 72a and
and an eddy current type gap sensor 73 that changes the output signal according to the size of the gap G between the a and the a.
When the grinding wheel K is moved in the direction along the axis P while the grinding surface K1 of the rotating grinding wheel K is in contact with the contact surface 71a, the radius reduction amount (wear amount) over the entire circumference becomes the entire length in the axial direction. Detected over. In the free state of the leaf spring 72, the contact surface 71a of the contact body 71 is located on the same plane as the first line of action 41 of the truing surface 4a of the truer 4.

Similarly, the potentiometer 8 comprises a contact body 81, a leaf spring 82 and a gap sensor 83. When the grinding wheel K is moved in the direction along the axis Q with the grinding surface K2 of the rotating grinding wheel K in contact with the contact surface 81a of the contact body 81, the amount of wear over the entire grinding surface K2 is detected. . In the free state of the leaf spring 82, the contact body 81
The contact surface 81a of the truer 4 is located on the same plane as the second line of action 42 of the truing surface 4a of the truer 4.

Referring to FIG. 2, truing control means 9
Is a determination unit 9 that determines whether or not truing is required for the grinding wheel based on the values detected by the potentiometers 7 and 8.
When the truing is determined to be necessary by the judging section 9a, a calculating section 9b for calculating the minimum truing amount for obtaining a predetermined molding state and a signal according to the calculated truing amount are sent to the control means 10. It includes an output unit 9c for outputting to the feed amount setting unit 10a.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
The control flow of the truing control means 9 will be described. First, an unillustrated automatic tool changing means or the like moves the grinding wheel K attached to a predetermined portion of the grinding machine to bring the grinding surface K1 into contact with the contact surface 71a of the potentiometer 7 and rotate the grinding wheel K. In this state, the grinding wheel K is moved in the direction of the axis P to measure the initial state of the shape of the grinding surface K1 (step S1). The measured initial state data is stored (step S2). After the grinding surface K1 of the grinding wheel K is used for grinding, the shape of the grinding surface K1 of the grinding wheel K is measured again (step S3), and the amount of change in shape is detected based on the detected value (step S4). After that, the shape data measured in step S3 is stored as initial state data (step S5).

Then, in step S6, the judgment unit 9
Based on the detected value of the change amount, a determines that truing is required for the grinding wheel K when the detected value exceeds a predetermined value, and when the determination unit 9a determines that truing is necessary, step S7 is performed. Then, the calculation unit 9b calculates the minimum truing amount for obtaining the predetermined molding state based on the detected value. Next, the output unit 9c outputs a signal corresponding to the above-mentioned minimum truing amount to the feed amount setting unit 10a of the feed control means 10 (step S8). The feed amount setting unit 10a sets the feed amount of the grinding wheel K during truing (step S9). The grinding wheel K is moved in the P direction, the grinding surface K1 is moved along the first line of action 41 of the truing surface 4a of the truer 4, and the grinding wheel K is fed in the direction of the axis Q by the feed amount set above. The surface K1 is molded (step S10). The shaped grinding wheel K is subjected to the grinding process again (step S11). If it is determined in step S5 that truing is not necessary, the process proceeds to step S11 and the grinding wheel K is used for grinding. After the end of the grinding process, control is performed along the flow from the shape measurement in step S3, and the amount of change in shape is detected by comparison with the shape data at the previous measurement stored in step S5.

In the case of the grinding surface K2 of the grinding wheel K,
The shape change is detected by the potentiometer 8, and the truing is performed in the same manner as the case of the grinding surface K1 except that the truing is performed in nine states in which the truing 4a of the truer 4 contacts the second line of action 42. . Although not shown in the above flowchart, the zero point correction is performed according to the radius reduction amount of the grinding wheel K with respect to the relationship between the grinding wheel K and the workpiece during grinding. Further, when the shape from the initial state changes more than a predetermined value, it is determined that the life of the grinding wheel K has been reached and the grinding wheel K is replaced. Further, when the shape change is remarkably large or excessive uneven wear occurs, the processing conditions are modified, such as changing the feed amount of the grinding wheel K during grinding. Furthermore, when the initial state of the shape of the ground surface K1 in step S1 is measured, and if the runout is large due to an installation error (which can be found by the frequency analysis of the runout), the grindstone is removed again to be installed again.

According to this embodiment, only when the shape of the grinding wheel K changes so much that truing is actually required,
Perform truing with the minimum required truing amount,
The grinding wheel K
Therefore, the life of the grinding wheel K can be extended. Whether or not truing is necessary for the grinding wheel K is determined from the shape changes of the grinding surfaces K1, K2 detected by the potentiometers 7, 8.
When it is determined that truing is necessary, the arithmetic unit 92 calculates the minimum truing amount and sends a signal corresponding to the truing amount to the feed amount setting unit 10a of the feed control means 10. The feed amount setting unit 10a sets the feed amount according to the above-mentioned minimum truing amount.

Further, the planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism 6 accelerates the rotation on the drive side and transmits it to the rotary main shaft 3 of the truer 4 to rotate the rotary main shaft 3 at a high speed, so that the rotary inertia of the rotary main shaft 3 is increased. By increasing the force, it is possible to suppress uneven rotation and vibration of the rotary spindle 3. Further, since the planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism 6 can be arranged coaxially with the rotary spindle 3, the radial space of the rotary spindle 3 can be reduced. Moreover, since the flexible shaft is interposed between the drive side and the planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism 6, a desired crossing angle is provided between the rotary main shaft 3 and the rotary shaft of the drive side motor or the like. It is possible to arrange in, and it is possible to contribute to space reduction.

Since the truing surface 4a of the truer 4 has the action lines 41 and 42 as truing surfaces which are parallel to the two axes P and Q, respectively, two truing surfaces of the grinding wheel are trued by the single truar 4. can do. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and for example, as the gap sensor of the shape change detecting means, another known type such as an optical sensor can be used.
In addition, various design changes can be made without changing the gist of the present invention.

[0023]

As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, only when the shape of the grinding wheel is changed enough to actually require truing, the truing is performed with the minimum required truing amount, and the predetermined truing is performed. Since the molded state is obtained, it is possible to prolong the life of the grinding wheel without unnecessary cutting of the grinding wheel.

Further, by increasing the speed of the rotating main shaft by means of the planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism, it is possible to suppress rotational unevenness and vibration of the rotating main shaft, and by adopting this planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism and a flexible shaft. The degree of freedom in arranging the drive transmission portion is increased, which can contribute to space reduction. Further, when the truer has the truing surfaces parallel to the two axes, the two surfaces of the grinding wheel can be trued by a single truer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a flowchart of a grinding wheel forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a grinding wheel forming device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Rotating Spindle 4 Truer 41, 42 Line of Action (Truing Surface) 5 Flexible Shaft 6 Planetary Gear Accelerating Mechanism 7, 8 Potentiometer (Shape Change Detection Means) 9 Truing Control Means 9a Judgment Section 9b Calculation Section 9c Output Section 10 Feed Control Means 10a Feed amount setting unit K Grinding wheel K1, K2 Grinding surface P, Q axis

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Akira Chikamori 3-5-8 Minamisenba, Chuo-ku, Osaka Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Eiichi Katayama 2-144, Amamihigashi, Matsubara-shi, Osaka

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A grinding wheel forming method for forming the grinding wheel by means of a truer provided in a grinding machine capable of feeding and controlling the grinding wheel in at least two axis directions, wherein a shape change of a grinding surface of a rotating grinding wheel is performed. It is detected, whether or not truing is necessary for the grinding wheel based on the detected value, and when truing is performed,
A grinding wheel forming method characterized in that a minimum truing amount for obtaining a predetermined forming state is calculated based on the above detected value, and a grinding whetstone is formed with this truing amount. 2. A grinding machine equipped with a feed control means for feeding control of a grinding wheel in at least two axis directions.
In a grinding wheel forming device for forming the above grinding wheel with a truer, a shape change detecting means for detecting a change in the shape of the grinding surface of the rotating grinding wheel, and whether or not truing is necessary for the grinding wheel based on the value detected by the shape change detecting means A judging section for judging whether the truing is necessary by the judging section, and a calculating section for calculating the minimum truing amount for obtaining a predetermined molding state based on the detected value, and this calculating section. A grinding wheel forming device comprising: a truing control means including an output section for outputting a signal corresponding to the truing amount so as to set the feed amount by the feed control means according to the calculated truing amount. . 3. A planetary roller type speed increasing mechanism for increasing the speed of rotation of a flexible shaft connected to a driving side and transmitting the speed to a main axis of rotation of the truer. The grinding wheel forming apparatus according to claim 2. 4. The grinding wheel forming device according to claim 2, wherein the truer has a truing surface parallel to each of the two axes.