JPH06205503A - Current collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To embody a railway vehicle having small noise at the time of traveling at a high speed by providing means for reducing aerodynamic noise generated by a current collector of a high speed railway vehicle. CONSTITUTION:A current collector comprises a shoe 3 of a shape in which a leading end face so is retracted in a longitudinal direction that a shape of a trolley wire side becomes protruding in the vicinity of a center at the leading end face forward in an advancing direction, a current condensing slide plate 2 for collecting a current from the trolley wire on a ridge of the shoe 3, a support pole 4 of a stream line shape for supporting the shoe 3, one insulator 6 having a large section to electrically insulate a railway vehicle 5 at a lower part of the pole 4, and a straightening unit for smoothly connecting the shoe 3 to a coupling part of the pole 4. A structure of a flow having a secondary vortex of a cause of aerodynamic noise by the collector of one of main noise sources of the vehicle is formed in a shape in which shapes of the shoe 3 and the pole 4 easily generate a vertical vortex in a three-dimensional state to suppress generation of the aerodynamic noise and to reduce noise at the time of traveling at a high speed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a current collector for a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a current collector suitable for reducing noise when a high-speed railway vehicle travels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a pantograph-type current collector provided in a railway vehicle is mounted on the roof of a vehicle body as described in "Low-noise pantograph" in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-16930. , Was a cause of generating aerodynamic noise during traveling. Noise is reduced by providing a cover around the current collector as described in "Pantograph with windshield for high-speed railway vehicles" in JP-A-64-19902. Also, as described in Nikkei Mechanical, May 4, 1992, pages 22 to 40, "Fasting Shinkansen," the current collector is streamlined, such as in the shape of a wing, to try to reduce noise.

Further, as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 3-270601 “Low Noise Pantograph” as a prior art, by arranging the scraping plate and boat of the current collector at an acute angle to the flow, Karman Attempts have been made to reduce aerodynamic noise by suppressing the generation of vortices.

[0004]

Since the aerodynamic noise accompanying the speeding up of a high-speed railway vehicle increases in proportion to about the eighth power of the speed, it rapidly increases as the vehicle speed increases. On the other hand, it is considered that interest in environmental protection will increase more and more in the future, and it cannot be said that the conventional technology is sufficient as a countermeasure against noise. For example, the current collector described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-270601 “Low-noise pantograph” suppresses Karman vortices and reduces aerodynamic noise by arranging the boat and the sliding plate at an acute angle with respect to the flow. However, the noise reduction effect is limited because the Karman vortex cannot be completely eliminated.

An object of the present invention is to generate a vertical vortex by a boat having a receding angle, and to generate a two-dimensional flow represented by Karman vortex which is a main aerodynamic noise source in a conventional current collector. An object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle current collector that suppresses generation of aerodynamic noise and reduces noise by changing the aerodynamic noise.

[0006]

As a first means for achieving the above object, the shape of the surface holding the contact plate is
A boat body whose front end face recedes in the longitudinal direction with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle, a collector rail plate for collecting current from the overhead line on the ridgeline of the boat, and a stream that supports the boat body. It is composed of a linear support pillar and a lower portion of the insulator with a large cross section for electrical insulation from the railcar, and a rectifying section for smoothly connecting the hull and the support pillar.

[0007] As a second technical means, an electrical connection between the current collecting rail contacting the overhead line, the boat supporting the current collecting rail, the support pillar supporting the boat and the rail car underneath is provided. It is composed of an insulator and a boat for insulation, a protrusion for generating a vertical vortex long in the traveling direction of the vehicle around the support column, or a vortex generating duct equipped with a guide or fan for generating swirl inside.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the structure of a two-dimensional structural vortex that causes aerodynamic noise of the current collector is controlled and changed by making the shape of the boat into a shape in which a vertical vortex is easily generated. Therefore, the generation of aerodynamic noise can be suppressed, and a current collector with low noise can be realized. The method according to the present invention can prevent aerodynamic noise generated by a two-dimensional flow which is difficult to prevent by reducing the noise of the current collector by streamlining the conventional members.

Further, according to the second means of the present invention, the flow around the current collector can be made to be a flow in which aerodynamic noise is unlikely to occur due to the projection or the duct for generating the vertical vortex,
Aerodynamic noise can be reduced.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 29. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
The current collector supports the current collecting rail 2 for taking out electricity from the overhead wire 1, and the boat 3 and the boat 3 in which the front end portion in the forward direction in which the current collecting rail 2 is attached retracts in the longitudinal direction. 2 is composed of a streamlined support pillar 4 and an insulator 6 for electrically insulating the vehicle body 5 from the current collector. FIG. 2 shows a conventional non-streamline current collector, and FIG. 3 shows a conventional streamline current collector.

Since the contact plates 202 and 203, the boats 302 and 303, etc., which compose the current collector shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, are composed of two-dimensional members such as cylinders and prisms, Karman vortices are formed. A typical two-dimensional vortex is likely to be generated, large aerodynamic noise is generated, and air resistance is large, which is a problem in running at high speed. A streamlined current collector devised to solve this problem suppresses the generation of Karman vortices as compared with a current collector, and thus reduces noise. However, even in this case, since the current collector has a long member in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, the flow tends to be two-dimensional. Therefore, even if the boat 3 was streamlined, the amount of aerodynamic noise generated was large. FIG. 4 shows the results of estimating the actual vehicle noise of the current collector using the conventional technique by the wind tunnel experiment using the model.

The streamlined current collector (full circle) is a non-streamlined current collector
Noise is smaller than (real square), but low noise A current collector with lower noise is desired for high-speed traveling.

Since the forward end portion of the boat body 3 of the current collector according to the present invention is retracted in the longitudinal direction, a vertical vortex is generated around it. This vertical vortex suppresses the generation of a vortex having a two-dimensional structure represented by the Karman vortex found in the conventional current collector. 5 and 6 schematically show the flow around the hull, and schematically show the flow around the hull 305 according to the present invention and the wing-shaped hull 306 used in a general streamline current collector. is there. In the current collector according to the present invention, vertical vortices suppress vortices with uniform phases that tend to generate noise, and suppress the generation of noise. 7 and 8 schematically show the pressure distribution on the surface. In the case of the conventional two-dimensional blade 308, since the wake is two-dimensional, the surface pressure is also uniform and two-dimensional in the longitudinal direction of the blade. On the other hand, in the boat body 308 having the retracted tip surface of the present invention, the pressure is not evenly distributed in the lateral direction of the boat body 3 and it is difficult to generate noise.

In order to reduce aerodynamic noise generated by the flow around the connecting portion between the boat body 3 and the supporting column 4, the connecting portion is connected by a curve as shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, the connecting portions are connected by polygons so that the connecting portions do not have an acute angle. When the connecting portion between the boat body 3 and the supporting column 4 becomes an acute angle or a right angle, a secondary flow occurs in that portion and aerodynamic noise is generated.
Since the abrupt change in the flow near the wall surface easily causes noise, the noise is reduced by using the connecting portion of the present invention. In particular,
The length of the contact portion between the smooth curved surface and the boat 3 is about one-third of the length of the boat 3 in the longitudinal direction, and the length of the portion in contact with the support column 4 is from the lower surface of the boat 3 in some cases. The noise reduction effect is great when the length of the boat 3 is about one sixth of the length in the longitudinal direction.

FIG. 11 shows the results of noise comparison with the conventional current collector shown in FIG. 2 when a wind tunnel experiment was conducted using a model of the current collector according to the above invention. Current collector according to the present invention (round)
The noise reduction effect is about 20 dB compared to the conventional current collector and 5 dB or more compared to the streamline current collector.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The sliding plate 2 for collecting current from the overhead line has a two-dimensional shape that is long in the horizontal direction in order to cope with rolling of the vehicle and changes in the lateral position of the overhead line, and to prevent local wear. is doing. Therefore, aerodynamic noise is likely to be generated for the above reason. In order to prevent this, the contact plate 2 is installed on the ridgeline of the boat body 3 so that the contact plate 2 constitutes a part of the boat body 3 to suppress the generation of noise.

When the boat body 3 has a blade cross-section as shown in FIG. 13, the ridgeline of the boat body 3 according to the present invention whose tip end surface retreats follows the retreat of the boat body. It is difficult to generate vortices that are uniform and have a uniform phase, and noise is reduced.

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The boat body 3 is composed of a central support portion 3a and left and right variable blade portions 3b and 3c. The variable wings 3b and 3c are provided on the support portion 3 with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle due to air resistance when the vehicle travels.
Around the axis a, both ends thereof recede, and the effect of reducing aerodynamic noise can be obtained as in the above invention. In this case, there is an advantage that the boat body 3 always moves backward with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The traveling direction detection device 7 detects the traveling direction of the vehicle, and based on this output signal, the drive device 8 causes the variable wings 3b, 3c to be detected.
Is moved backward with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle to reduce aerodynamic noise during high-speed traveling.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which the effective lateral length of the sliding plate 2 changes at low speeds and high speeds in accordance with changes in the length of the sliding plate 2 in the traveling direction of the boat 3. Here is an example. In order to cope with switching of overhead lines when traveling at low speed, the effective length of the contact strip is long, and the shape is advantageous for noise reduction during traveling at high speed. FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In order to use the asymmetrical current collector in the vertical line, the turntable 7 for rotating the current collector is used as the insulator 6 and the vehicle body 5.
Install between As a result, the front-back asymmetrical current collector can be used in accordance with the traveling direction of the vehicle.

18 to 19 show another embodiment of the present invention. The hull 3 is circular or retreats from the center toward the longitudinal direction with the tip end surface going backward in the longitudinal direction centering on the traveling direction of the rhombus formed by combining two hulls having the receding front face described above in the front and rear direction. By forming a symmetrical shape, it is possible to realize a symmetrical shape in which longitudinal vortices are generated and which produces little noise.

FIG. 20 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The left and right ends of the boat body 3 are formed with convex curved surfaces on the upper surface side in contact with the overhead wire so that the generation of wing tip vortices is small and the crossover can be guided.

FIG. 21 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Both left and right ends of the boat 3 have a mechanism that bends downward so that the crossover of the overhead line can be smoothly drawn in at low speed traveling. When traveling at high speed, both ends are moved by using the drive device 8 so as to be substantially horizontal with respect to the boat body 3 so as to make it hard to generate aerodynamic noise, thereby realizing a current collector with low noise.

FIG. 22 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The maximum thickness (h _max ) position of the vertical cross section of the hull 3 is behind 30% of the chord length (c) of the hull 3 from the tip of the hull 3 and the trailing edge of the hull 3 The current collector described above, wherein the shape of the upper surface in the vicinity is a curved surface having a downward concave shape. When the shape of the boat 3 is the above shape, the pressure drop from the maximum pressure point to the trailing edge becomes gentle,
Wind tunnel experiments confirmed that aerodynamic noise was reduced. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the boat 3 according to the present invention is effective in reducing the noise of the current collector. Further, in this case, the effect was high when the basic shape of the boat 3 was vertically symmetrical.

FIG. 23 shows another embodiment of the present invention. By making the support column 4 of the boat body 3 into a cone or an elliptical cone 4a that is less likely to generate aerodynamic noise, the flow around the support column is changed in the height direction to make the flow three-dimensional and suppress noise generation.

FIG. 24 shows another embodiment of the present invention. A current collecting rail 2 for taking out electricity from the overhead line 1, a boat body 3 with a forward tip portion in the traveling direction for attaching the current collecting rail 2 retracted in the longitudinal direction, and a streamlined shape for indicating the boat body 3 A support pole 4, a support base 10 for holding the support pillar, an insulator 6a for electrically insulating the vehicle body 5 from the current collector, and a windshield for preventing high-speed airflow from hitting the insulator 6a and the periphery of the support base 10. It is composed of 11. As a result, it is possible to realize a current collector with low noise by using the insulator 6a and the support 10 according to the conventional technique.

FIG. 25 shows another embodiment of the present invention. When the sliding plate 2 has a two-dimensional shape and generates a large aerodynamic noise, it is long near the front edge of the hull 3 in front of the sliding plate 2 and at a position where the width of the sliding plate 2 is narrower in the traveling direction of the vehicle. Protrusion 1
At least one or more 2 are arranged, a vertical vortex is generated by this protrusion, and Karman vortex-like aerodynamic noise generated by the sliding plate 2 is suppressed. Particularly, when three or more protrusions 12 are arranged within the width of the contact plate 2, the noise reduction effect is great.

FIG. 26 shows the results of examination of the noise reduction effect of the present invention by a wind tunnel experiment. The protrusion 12 for generating a vertical vortex according to the present invention is effective in reducing noise.

FIG. 27 shows another embodiment of the present invention. At least one exhaust duct 15 having a guide 13 or a fan 14 for generating a swirling flow inside is provided near the front edge of the boat body 3, and a vertical vortex is generated on the boat body 3 to generate from the sliding plate 2 or the like. The effect of suppressing the generated aerodynamic noise is obtained.

FIG. 28 shows another embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of pressure sensors 16 are installed on the surfaces of the boat 3 and the support columns 4, and the frequency analysis device 17 obtains a relevance function. Since pressure fluctuations with uniform phases easily generate large aerodynamic noises, pressure fluctuations at frequencies having a high degree of relevance in the audible frequency band can be a major noise source of aerodynamic noises. In this embodiment, by using the control loop shown in FIG.
The retreat angle of the tip end surface of the boat body 3, the size, the number, and the arrangement of the vertical vortex generating projections 12 or the swirling of the exhaust air from the exhaust duct 15 so as to minimize the degree of association of pressure fluctuations. The strength, flow rate and speed can be controlled to further reduce the generation of aerodynamic noise.

30 and 31 are a front view and a top view of another embodiment of the present invention. The hulls 3d and 3f can rotate on both ends of the hull 3e in a plane horizontal to both end faces of the hull 3e about the longitudinal direction of the hull 3e as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. As described above, the 3d and 3f rotate so as to form a curved surface that is smoothly connected to the upper surface of the boat 3e so that the overhead wire can be drawn. As shown in FIG. 32, this curved surface has a shape that also serves as a part of the curved line of the boat body in which the above-mentioned tip end surface recedes.

With such a structure, 3d and 3f are used for pulling in the overhead line during low speed traveling, and used as a current collector with low noise during high speed traveling.

[0033]

According to the present invention, as a current collector of a high-speed railway vehicle, by using a boat body having a shape receding in the longitudinal direction, a vertical vortex is positively generated on the boat body, and the conventional collector is used. By suppressing the generation of a two-dimensional vortex having a uniform phase like an electric device, that is, a vortex that easily generates aerodynamic noise, an effect of reducing aerodynamic noise can be obtained. In addition to streamlining the support of the boat, the vertical vortex generated by the boat is used to create a secondary flow at the connection between the boat and the support so that the secondary flow is minimized. By connecting them smoothly so that they do not interfere with each other, the effect of reducing the aerodynamic noise generated from the hull-column support portion can be obtained.

In another aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain an effect of reducing aerodynamic noise caused by a two-dimensional flow generated by the current collector by forming a three-dimensional flow by a duct generating a swirling flow.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a part of the hull is movable and has a function of pulling in a connecting wire of an overhead line at a low speed, and is horizontal to the hull so that noise is reduced at a high speed. It becomes a form of low aerodynamic noise. As a result, it is possible to obtain a form of low noise during high-speed traveling without causing any trouble in replacing the overhead line at low speed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional non-streamline current collector.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a streamline current collector according to the related art.

[Fig. 4] Results of noise measurement by a wind tunnel experiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flow around a current collector according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow around a conventional streamline current collector.

FIG. 7: Lateral pressure distribution on the surface of the current collector hull according to the invention.

FIG. 8: Lateral pressure distribution on the surface of a conventional streamline current collector hull.

FIG. 9 is an example of the shapes of a hull and a support column connecting portion with low aerodynamic noise.

FIG. 10 is an example of the shape of a hull and a support column connecting portion with low aerodynamic noise.

FIG. 11 is a wind tunnel test result showing the noise reduction effect of the current collector of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an example showing a method of installing the contact plate.

FIG. 13 is an example showing a method of installing the contact plate.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is one of other embodiments according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a front view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is one of other embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is one of the embodiments according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is one of other embodiments according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a wind tunnel test result showing the effect of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is one of other embodiments according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 is one of other embodiments according to the present invention.

FIG. 29 shows an example of a control method for reducing noise.

FIG. 30 is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a top view of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Overhead line, 2 ... Rail plate, 3 ... Boat body, 4 ... Support pillar, 5 ... Car body, 6 ... Insulator, 7 ... Moving direction detection device, 8 ... Driving device,
9 ... Turntable, 10 ... Support stand, 11 ... Windshield, 12
... protrusions, 13 ... guide, 14 ... fan, 15 ... exhaust duct, 16 ... pressure sensor, 17 ... frequency analysis device.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kenji Kobayashi 502 Jinritsu-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Machinery Research Institute, Hiritsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Morinari Hattori 794 Higashitoyoi, Kudamatsu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture Hitate Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kasado Factory

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A current collecting strip contacting an overhead line, a boat supporting the current collecting strip, a support column supporting the boat, and an insulator for electrically insulating a railcar from the pillar. In a current collector for a high-speed railway vehicle installed in the lower part of the hull, the shape of the surface of the hull supporting the sliding plate is such that the tip end surface on the traveling direction side of the vehicle recedes in the longitudinal direction of the hull. A current collecting device characterized by being provided with. 2. The current collecting device according to claim 1, wherein a current collecting strip contacting the overhead wire is installed on the ridgeline of the boat body. 3. The current collector according to claim 1, wherein a tip end surface of the boat body is aligned with a traveling direction of a vehicle by a drive mechanism such as air resistance or hydraulic pressure received by the boat body,
A current collecting device comprising a movable mechanism for retracting in the longitudinal direction of the boat. 4. The current collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both left and right ends of the boat are movable in the vertical direction or by rotation, and the left and right movable parts are the central portion of the boat when traveling at high speed. A current collector characterized in that it is supported substantially horizontally and is bent so that its tip is below the center of the boat when traveling at low speed. 5. The current collector according to claim 1, further comprising a turntable between the lower portion of the insulator and the upper surface of the vehicle for rotating the current collector on a plane substantially horizontal to the upper surface of the vehicle body. A current collector characterized in that 6. The current collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the boat body and the support columns have a wing-shaped cross-sectional shape. 7. The current collector according to claim 6, wherein the position of the maximum thickness of the airfoil cross section is 30 from the tip of the airfoil to the chord length.
%, A current collector characterized by having a hull and a supporting column located at the rear of the%. 8. The current collector according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion between the boat and the support column is formed by a curved surface. 9. The current collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both end portions of the boat body are formed of smooth curved surfaces so that an overhead wire can be drawn in, and the curved surface portions are long sides of the boat body. A current collector, characterized in that the shape of the tip surface receding in the longitudinal direction according to the above claims is realized by rotating about the direction. 10. A current collecting strip contacting an overhead line, a boat supporting the current collecting strip, a support column supporting the boat, and an insulator for electrically insulating the railcar from the pillar. A current collector for a high-speed railway vehicle installed in the lower part of the vehicle, comprising a vertical vortex generator that generates at least one vertical vortex from the boat and the support pillar. 11. The current collector according to claim 10,
A vertical vortex generator is provided in the boat body and the support column, and a forced swirl flow generator such as a guide or a fan for swirling an air flow is built in the intake / exhaust duct as a vertical vortex generator. A current collector characterized in that a vertical vortex pair is generated around the boat and the supporting column. 12. The current collector according to claim 10,
A current collector characterized in that the generation of vertical vortex pairs is controlled so that the degree of association in the frequency band in which the degree of association function of the two points having different surface pressure fluctuations of the boat and the support column is maximized is reduced. .