JP3150465B2 - Current collector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a current collector for a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a current collector suitable for reducing noise when a high-speed railway vehicle travels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a pantograph-type current collector provided in a railway vehicle is mounted on a vehicle body roof as described in "Low-noise pantograph" of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-16930. , Causing aerodynamic noise when driving. The noise is reduced by providing a cover around the current collector as described in “Pantograph with windshield for high-speed railway vehicles” in JP-A-64-19902. Also, as described in Nikkei Mechanical, May 4, 1992, pages 22 to 40, “Shinkansen Shinkansen”, the current collectors are streamlined in wing shape or the like to reduce noise.

[0003] As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-270601, "Low Noise Pantograph" as a prior art, by arranging a contact plate and a hull of a current collector at an acute angle with respect to the flow, Kalman is used. Attempts have been made to reduce aerodynamic noise by suppressing the generation of vortices.

[0004]

The aerodynamic noise associated with the speeding up of a high-speed railway vehicle increases in proportion to the eighth power of the speed, and therefore increases sharply as the vehicle speed increases. On the other hand, interest in environmental protection is expected to increase further in the future, and measures against noise are not sufficient with the conventional technology. For example, the current collector described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-270601, "Low-noise pantograph", suppresses Karman vortices by arranging the hull and the sliding plate at an acute angle to the flow, thereby reducing aerodynamic noise. However, since the Karman vortex cannot be completely eliminated, the noise reduction effect is limited.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to generate a longitudinal vortex by a boat body having a swept angle, and to reduce the flow of a two-dimensional structure represented by a Karman vortex which has been a main aerodynamic noise source in a conventional current collector. An object of the present invention is to provide a current collector for a railway vehicle in which generation of aerodynamic noise is suppressed by changing the current, and noise is reduced.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above object is achieved by contacting an overhead wire with a wire.
And a hull supporting the current collector,
A support column that supports this hull, and this support column and a railway vehicle
Provided below the support column to electrically insulate
A current collector for a railway vehicle, comprising:
The body extends from near the center of the front edge on the traveling direction side of the railway vehicle.
Retreat as you go in the direction, and
Long in the direction of travel of the railcar at the narrower leading edge
At least one projection is provided, and the projection
Ru can be achieved by generating longitudinal vortices by things.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the two-dimensional vortex structure that causes aerodynamic noise of the current collector is controlled and changed by changing the shape of the boat body into a shape that easily generates vertical vortices. Therefore, generation of aerodynamic noise can be suppressed, and a current collector with low noise can be realized. The method according to the present invention can prevent aerodynamic noise generated by a two-dimensional flow, which is difficult to prevent by reducing the noise of the current collector by making the conventional members streamlined.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
The current collector is provided with a current collecting slide plate 2 for extracting electricity from the overhead wire 1, a boat body 3 having a forwardly receding longitudinal end for mounting the current collecting slide plate 2, and a boat body 3. And an insulator 6 for electrically insulating the vehicle body 5 from the current collector. FIG. 2 shows a conventional non-streamline current collector, and FIG. 3 shows a conventional streamline current collector.

Since the sliding plate 2 , the boat body 3 and the like constituting the current collector shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are composed of two-dimensional members such as cylinders and prisms, two-dimensional members represented by Karman vortices are provided. Vortices are easy to generate, generating loud aerodynamic noise,
Due to the large air resistance, it is a problem in running at high speed. Streamlined current collector is not for solving this problem
Since the generation of Karman vortex is suppressed as compared with the streamlined shape current collector, the noise is reduced. However, even in this case, the current collector has a long member in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, so that
The flow tends to be two-dimensional. For this reason, even if the boat body 3 was streamlined, the generation amount of aerodynamic noise was large. FIG. 4 is a result of actual vehicle noise estimation of a current collector using a conventional technology by a wind tunnel experiment using a model.

The streamline current collector (solid circle) is a non-streamline current collector.
A low-noise current collector is desired for low-noise, high-speed running with lower noise than (real square).

The hull 3 of the current collector according to the present invention generates longitudinal vortices around its forward end in the traveling direction since its forward end is receded in the longitudinal direction. This vertical vortex suppresses the generation of a vortex having a two-dimensional structure typified by the Karman vortex found in a conventional current collector. 5 and 6 schematically show the flow around the hull, and schematically show the flow around the hull 305 according to the present invention and the wing-shaped hull 306 used in a general streamline current collector. is there. In the current collector according to the present invention, the vortex having a uniform phase that easily generates noise is suppressed by the vertical vortex, and the generation of noise is suppressed. 7 and 8 schematically show the pressure distribution on the surface. In the case of the conventional two-dimensional blade 308, since the wake is two-dimensional, the surface pressure is also uniform and two-dimensional in the longitudinal direction of the blade. On the other hand, the pressure in the collector head 30 7 having a retracted tip surface of the present invention with respect to the transverse direction of the collector head 3 07, not evenly distributed, less likely to generate noise.

In order to reduce the air noise generated by the flow around the connecting portion between the boat 3 and the supporting column 4, the connecting portions are connected by a curve as shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, the connecting portions are connected by a polygon so that the connecting portions do not have an acute angle. When the connecting portion between the boat body 3 and the support column 4 is at an acute angle or a right angle, a secondary flow is generated at that portion, and aerodynamic noise is generated.
A sudden change in the flow near the wall surface tends to generate noise, and thus the use of the connecting portion of the present invention reduces noise. In particular,
The length of the smooth phase and contacting portion of the collector head 3 is a longitudinal length approximately one third of the collector head 3, boat length of the portion in contact with the supporting column 4 from the bottom surface of the collector head 3 The noise reduction effect is large when the length of the body 3 in the longitudinal direction is about 1/6.

FIG. 11 shows a result of a wind tunnel experiment using a model of the current collector according to the present invention, and comparison of noise with the conventional current collector shown in FIG. Current collector according to the present invention (round)
Can achieve a noise reduction effect of about 20 dB compared to the conventional current collector and 5 dB or more compared to the streamlined current collector.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The sliding plate 2 for collecting power from the overhead wire has a two-dimensional shape that is long in a horizontal direction in order to cope with a roll of the vehicle and a change in the lateral position of the overhead wire and to prevent local wear. are doing. For this reason, it is easy to generate aerodynamic noise for the reasons described above. In order to prevent this, the sliding plate 2 is installed on the ridgeline of the boat body 3 so that the sliding plate 2 forms a part of the boat body 3 to suppress the generation of noise.

When the hull 3 has a wing cross section as shown in FIG. 13, the ridge line of the hull 3 with the retreated front end surface follows the retreat of the hull. It is difficult to generate vortices that are uniform and in phase, and noise is reduced.

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The hull 3 is composed of a central support portion 3a and left and right variable wing portions 3b, 3c. The variable wings 3b and 3c support the support portion 3 in the traveling direction of the vehicle due to air resistance when the vehicle travels.
Both ends are retracted around a and the effect of reducing aerodynamic noise is obtained as in the above-described invention. In this case, there is an advantage that the boat body 3 always retreats in the traveling direction of the vehicle.

FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The traveling direction of the vehicle is detected by the traveling direction detection device 7, and the variable wings 3b, 3c are
In the traveling direction of the vehicle to reduce aerodynamic noise during high-speed traveling.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which the effective length of the slide plate 2 in the horizontal direction changes at low speed and at high speed in accordance with the change in the traveling direction of the boat body 3. It is an example. In order to cope with the switching of overhead lines when traveling at low speed, the effective length of the slide plate is long, and the shape is advantageous for reducing noise when traveling at high speed. FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In order to use the current collector asymmetrically in front and rear, the turntable 7 for rotating the current collector and the insulator 6 and the vehicle body 5 for rotating the current collector are used.
Installed between Thus, a current collector having an asymmetric shape in the front-rear direction can be used in accordance with the traveling direction of the vehicle.

FIGS. 18 to 19 show another embodiment of the present invention. The hull 3 retreats from the vicinity of the center in the longitudinal direction around the center of the traveling direction of the rhombus in which the hull 3 has a circular shape or two hulls having the retreated front as described above, and the longitudinal direction. By symmetrical configuration, it is possible to realize a shape in which longitudinal vortices are generated symmetrically in the front-rear direction and have small noise.

FIG. 20 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The left and right ends of the hull 3 are formed with a convex curved surface on the upper side in contact with the overhead wire so that the generation of wing tip vortices is small and the crossover can be guided.

FIG. 21 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The left and right ends of the hull 3 have a mechanism that bends downward, and can smoothly pull in the crossover of the overhead line during low-speed traveling. At high speeds, aerodynamic noise is less likely to occur.
The driving device 8 is used to move both ends of the boat 3 so as to be substantially horizontal with respect to the boat body 3, thereby realizing a current collector with low noise.

FIG. 22 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The maximum thickness (hmax) position of the longitudinal section of the hull 3 is behind 30% of the chord length (c) of the hull 3 from the tip of the hull 3 and near the trailing edge of the hull 3 The current collector according to the above, wherein the upper surface has a curved surface concave downward. When the shape of the hull 3 is the above shape, the pressure drop from the maximum pressure point to the trailing edge becomes gentle,
Reduction of aerodynamic noise was confirmed by wind tunnel experiments. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the boat body 3 according to the present invention is effective for reducing noise of the current collector. In this case, the effect was high when the basic shape of the boat body 3 was vertically symmetrical.

FIG. 23 shows another embodiment of the present invention. By making the support column 4 of the boat body 3 a conical or elliptical cone 4a that does not easily generate aerodynamic noise, the flow around the support column is changed in the height direction, the flow becomes three-dimensional, and the generation of noise is suppressed.

FIG. 24 shows another embodiment of the present invention. A current collector plate 2 for extracting electricity from the overhead wire 1, a boat body 3 whose front end in the traveling direction for attaching the current collector plate 2 is receded in the longitudinal direction, and a streamline shape for pointing the boat body 3 Insulator 6a for electrically insulating the support pillar 4, the support 10 holding the support pillar, the vehicle body 5 and the current collector, and a windshield for preventing high-speed airflow from hitting the insulator 6a and the periphery of the support 10. 11 is comprised. Thus, a current collector with low noise can be realized using the insulator 6a and the support base 10 according to the related art.

FIG. 25 shows another embodiment of the present invention. When the slide plate 2 has a two-dimensional shape and generates a large aerodynamic noise, it is long in the traveling direction of the vehicle at a position near the front edge of the boat body 3 in front of the slide plate 2 and at a position where the width of the slide plate 2 is narrower. Projection 1
At least one or more 2 are arranged, and a vertical vortex is generated by this projection, and Karman vortex-like aerodynamic noise generated by the contact plate 2 is suppressed. In particular, when three or more protrusions 12 are arranged within the width of the slide plate 2, the noise reduction effect is large.

FIG. 26 shows the result of an examination of the noise reduction effect of the present invention by a wind tunnel experiment. The projection 12 for generating vertical vortices according to the present invention is effective in reducing noise.

FIG. 27 shows another embodiment of the present invention. At least one exhaust duct 15 having a guide 13 or a fan 14 for creating a swirling flow inside the hull 3 is installed near the leading edge of the hull 3 to generate longitudinal vortices on the hull 3 and generate from the slide plate 2 and the like. The effect of suppressing the aerodynamic noise that occurs is obtained.

FIG. 28 shows another embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of pressure sensors 16 are installed on the surfaces of the hull 3 and the support column 4, and a relevance function is obtained by a frequency analyzer 17. Since pressure fluctuations in phase tend to generate large aerodynamic noise, pressure fluctuations at frequencies having a high degree of relevance in the audible frequency band can be a major noise source of aerodynamic noise. In this embodiment, using a control loop shown in FIG.
The retreat angle of the tip surface of the boat body 3 of the above embodiment, the size, the number, the arrangement of the vertical vortex generating projections 12, or the swirling of the exhaust air from the exhaust duct 15 so as to minimize the relevance of pressure fluctuation. By controlling the intensity, flow rate, and speed, the generation of aerodynamic noise can be further reduced.

FIGS. 30 and 31 show a front view and a top view of another embodiment of the present invention. The hulls 3d and 3f are provided at both ends of the hull 3e with the longitudinal direction of the hull 3e as an axis. it is possible to rotate at both end faces and a horizontal plane, as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 13, 3d, 3f is to allow that retraction of migratory lines of overhead wires, smooth the top surface of the collector head 3e Rotate to form a phase that leads to. This aspect has a shape in which the distal end surface of the described also serves as a part of the aspects of the collector head was retracted as shown in FIG 1.

With such a configuration, 3d and 3f are used for drawing in the overhead wire during low-speed running, and are used as a current collector with low noise during high-speed running.

[0031]

According to the present invention, the collector head and the contact strip
The generated Karman vortex can be canceled by the vertical vortex
Therefore, a current collector with reduced aerodynamic noise can be provided .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a non-streamline current collector according to the related art.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a streamline current collector according to the related art.

FIG. 4 shows a result of noise measurement by a wind tunnel experiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flow around a current collector according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow around a conventional streamline current collector.

FIG. 7 shows the lateral pressure distribution on the surface of the current collector hull according to the invention.

FIG. 8: Lateral pressure distribution on the surface of a conventional streamlined current collector hull.

FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the shape of the boat body and the supporting column connecting portion with small aerodynamic noise.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a shape of a boat body and a supporting column connecting portion with small aerodynamic noise.

FIG. 11 is a wind tunnel experiment result showing the noise reduction effect of the current collector of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an embodiment showing a method of installing a slide plate.

FIG. 13 is an embodiment showing a method of installing a slide plate.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a front view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 shows one of the embodiments according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a wind tunnel experiment result showing the effect of another example of the present invention.

FIG. 27 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 28 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 shows an embodiment of a control method for noise reduction.

FIG. 30 is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a top view of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... overhead wire, 2 ... contact board, 3 ... boat body, 4 ... support column, 5 ... body, 6 ... insulator, 7 ... traveling direction detecting device, 8 ... drive device,
9 turntable, 10 support, 11 windshield, 12
... Projections, 13 ... Guides, 14 ... Fans, 15 ... Exhaust ducts, 16 ... Pressure sensors, 17 ... Frequency analyzers.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Chiyuki Kato 502 Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-city, Ibaraki Pref. Machinery Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Terada 794 Higashi-Toyoi, Kudamatsu City, Yamaguchi Prefecture Inside the Kasado Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. JP-A-59-169302 (JP, A) JP-A-47-1770 (JP, A) JP-A-4-80202 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A collecting strip contacting an overhead wire, a boat supporting the collecting strip, and a support column supporting the boat.
In a current collector for a railway vehicle provided with an insulator provided at a lower portion of the support column to electrically insulate the support column and the railway vehicle, the hull is a front edge of the railway vehicle in a traveling direction. And at least one projection that is long in the traveling direction of the railway vehicle is provided on the front edge at a position narrower than the width of the slide plate, and the vertical vortex is formed by the projection. A current collector characterized by generating: