JPH06202637A - Automatic playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the setting of tempos of respective automatic musical performances by providing an automatic playing means which provides the automatic musical performances by reading automatic musical performance data out at the tempos stored in a tempo storage means. CONSTITUTION:A ROM 6 is stored with a program that a CPU executes, pattern data, etc. In a RAM 7, a song data table and a tempo table are assigned together with various registers and flags. A sound source circuit 8 is a sound source of the PCM system, etc., and generates digital musical sound data of percussion instruments according to indications from the CPU 4. The digital musical sound data are converted by a D/A converter 9 into an analog signal and a sound system 10 generates sounds. The tempos that a user sets lastly by the automatic musical performance data are stored in the tempo table in the battery backed-up RAM 7, the tempos need not be set again for a subsequent automatic musical performance of the same pattern or song.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device, and more particularly to an automatic performance device having a plurality of automatic performance data, which facilitates setting of tempo for each automatic performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a plurality of automatic performance data (for example, a plurality of song data, a plurality of pattern data, etc.)
There is known an automatic musical performance device which stores, and reads automatic musical performance data selected in accordance with a user's instruction to automatically perform musical performance. Some such automatic performance devices have preset tempo data for each automatic performance data (for example, JP-A-4-146491).

In the automatic performance device having preset tempo data, every time different automatic performance data is selected, preset tempo data corresponding to the selected automatic performance data is read out, and the tempo of the automatic performance is determined by the preset tempo data. Is set.

[0004]

However, since the users have various tastes, the preset tempo is not always liked. If you don't like it,
The user must reset the tempo each time the automatic performance data is selected. In particular, in a factory preset type device in which the preset tempo data cannot be rewritten, the user has to set the tempo each time the automatic performance data is selected.

There is also a device of a type in which the tempo value is stored when the user changes the setting of the tempo, but the tempo is usually set by entering an edit mode for editing various parameters. You have to
It was troublesome to perform such setting operation.

In view of the problems in the above-mentioned conventional example, the present invention sets a tempo in each automatic performance in an automatic performance device having a plurality of automatic performance data and selecting from the automatic performance data to perform the automatic performance. An object is to provide an automatic performance device that can be simplified.

[0007]

In order to achieve this object, an automatic performance device according to the present invention includes a tempo setting means for setting a tempo, a storage means for storing a plurality of automatic performance data, and the storage means. The tempo storage means is provided separately from the means and automatically stores the last set tempo for each automatic performance data, and the automatic performance data is automatically read out at the tempo stored in the tempo storage means. And automatic playing means for playing.

The tempo storage means may be provided in the area of the storage means itself, but by providing the both separately, a storage medium (for example, ROM) whose storage contents cannot be rewritten is used as the storage means. Even in this case, the present invention can be applied.

[0009]

The tempo storage means stores the last set tempo for each automatic performance data. Therefore, the next time the same automatic performance data is selected and automatically played, the automatic performance can be executed at the previously set tempo.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block configuration of an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, an example applied to an automatic rhythm playing device will be described.

The automatic rhythm playing device shown in this figure includes a panel switch 1, a detection circuit 2, a display circuit 3, and a central processing unit (C).
PU) 4, timer 5, read-only memory (ROM)
6, a random access memory (RAM) 7, a sound source circuit 8, a digital-analog (D / A) converter 9, and a sound system 10. These are connected to each other by a bidirectional bus line 11.

The panel switch 1 is various switches operated by a user. In particular, a song selection switch, a pattern selection switch, a mode selection switch, a tempo switch, a start / stop switch, a song data creation switch and the like are provided. The operation of the panel switch 1 is detected by the detection circuit 2,
The CPU 4 is notified via the bus 11. Display circuit 3
Is a circuit for displaying various kinds of information according to an instruction from the CPU 4.

The CPU 4 controls the operation of the entire automatic rhythm playing device. The timer 5 is a timer for generating a clock (timer interrupt) signal at a set time interval. The CPU 4 executes a timer interrupt routine (described later) each time it receives a clock signal.

The timer 5 is internally provided with a counter which counts up at a high speed in a predetermined cycle, and generates a clock signal when the value of the counter reaches a constant value. The constant value can be changed according to the tempo value instruction given from the CPU 4. That is, the interrupt cycle is variable, and the tempo of the automatic performance is actually changed by changing the interrupt cycle. Further, in this embodiment, the interval of 24 clocks (the time corresponding to 24 time intervals of the clock signal) is the time length of a quarter note (quarter note length). The various timing values described below are
This clock is shown as a unit.

The ROM 6 stores programs executed by the CPU 4, pattern data described later, and the like. RA
A song data table and a tempo table, which will be described later, are assigned to M7 together with various registers and flags.

The tone generator circuit 8 is a tone generator of the PCM system or the like, and forms digital musical tone data of percussion instrument sounds in response to an instruction from the CPU 4. The digital tone data is
It is converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter 9 and emitted by the sound system 10.

Each switch of the panel switch 1 and related data will be described in more detail.

First, the pattern selection switch is a switch for selecting pattern data for automatic performance. FIG. 2A shows the format of pattern data. The pattern data is data that represents an automatic performance pattern and is stored in the ROM 6. The pattern data can be specified by the pattern number.

At the head thereof, a header section 21 for holding various data unique to the pattern is provided.
The header part 21 stores preset tempo data, the maximum number of clocks, and the like.

The preset tempo data is factory preset data for the tempo at which the pattern data is automatically played. The maximum number of clocks is a value for detecting the timing of the bar line, and is the maximum number of clocks in the bar counted from the start timing of one bar to 0 clock, 1 clock, .... In the case of four quarters, since the length of the bar is 96 clocks, the maximum number of clocks is "95". If it is three quarters, the length of the bar is 72 clocks, so the maximum number of clocks is "71".

Following the header section, automatic performance data for one to several measures is stored. The automatic performance data consists of note event data and duration data arranged in order from the beginning. Note event data consists of note number and velocity. The note number indicates the type of percussion instrument to be pronounced, and the velocity is data indicating the strength of the percussion instrument sound. The duration data is the number of clocks indicating the interval between events (the time interval until the next event occurs).

For example, in the pattern data of FIG. 2A, after the time interval of the duration 22, the percussion sound of the note number of the note event 23 is sounded at the instructed velocity. Then, after the time interval of the duration 24, the percussion sound of the note number of the note events 25 and 26 is sounded at the instructed velocity. The same applies hereinafter. End data 27 is stored at the end of the pattern data. End data 27
Is treated as one of the events, and is an event that occurs at the timing just at the end of a bar.

Next, of the panel switches 1, the song selection switch is a switch for selecting song data created by the user for automatic performance. Figure 2 (b)
Shows the format of song data. The song data is data created by the user for each song and is stored in the RAM 7
Remembered in. The RAM 7 is backed up by a battery, and the song data is retained even when the power of the device is turned off.

At the head thereof, a header section 31 for holding various data for each music is provided. The header part 31 stores preset tempo data, an initial pattern number, and the like. The preset tempo data is data indicating the tempo of the song set by the user when creating the song data. The initial pattern number is the pattern number of the first pattern of this song.

Following the header section, duration data and event data are arranged in order. The duration data is the number of clocks indicating the interval between events (the time interval until the next event occurs). The event data is event data for instructing a pattern change, and specifically, a pattern number is set. The pattern number is recorded at least at each bar.

For example, in the song data of FIG. 2 (B),
First, the automatic performance is started with the pattern data designated by the initial pattern number in the header section 31, and after the time interval of the duration 32, the pattern data designated by the pattern number of the event 33 is switched. Further, after that, after a time interval of the duration 34, the pattern data designated by the pattern number of the event 35 is switched. The same applies hereinafter. End data 36 is stored at the end of the song data. The end data 36 is treated as one of the events, and is an event that occurs just at the end of a bar.

Next, the mode switch of the panel switch 1 switches the automatic performance mode. The automatic performance mode includes a pattern performance mode and a song performance mode. The pattern playing mode is a mode in which the pattern selected by the user is automatically played. The selected pattern data (FIG. 2A) is automatically played repeatedly. The song performance mode is a mode in which automatic performance is performed based on the song data selected by the user. Patterns are sequentially switched based on the selected song data (FIG. 2 (b)) and automatically played.

Next, of the panel switches 1, the tempo switch is a switch for the user to change the tempo of automatic performance. There are a tempo up switch for increasing the tempo and a tempo down switch for decreasing the tempo. The tempo switch can be operated while the automatic performance is being executed or stopped. In particular, when the tempo up switch and the tempo down switch are pressed at the same time, the preset tempo is restored.

The start / stop switch is a switch for starting or stopping the automatic performance. When the start / stop switch is pressed while the automatic performance is stopped, the automatic performance is started, and when the start / stop switch is pressed while the automatic performance is being executed, the automatic performance is stopped.

Next, the registers and the like used in the automatic musical instrument of this embodiment will be described. (1) Tempo table: Battery-backed R
A table provided in the AM 7 for storing tempo values for each of a plurality of songs and patterns. As the tempo value corresponding to each pattern, a preset tempo (stored in the header portion of the pattern data of FIG. 2A) of each pattern is stored at the manufacturing stage. The tempo value corresponding to each song is stored when the user creates the song and sets the tempo. (2) RUN: Run flag. "1" indicates that the automatic performance is being executed, and "0" indicates that the automatic performance is stopped.

(3) MODE: A mode register indicating the automatic performance mode. "0" is the pattern performance mode,
"1" indicates the song playing mode. (4) PTN: A pattern number register that stores a pattern number. (5) SONG: A song number register that stores a song number. (6) CHANGE: A change flag that becomes "1" when the pattern is changed based on the song data in the song playing mode or when the pattern data is returned to the beginning. In other cases, it takes "0".

(7) SDUR: A song duration register for storing duration data in song data. (8) PDUR: a pattern duration register for storing duration data in the pattern data. (9) MAX: A maximum clock number register that stores the maximum clock number of the header portion of the pattern data. (10) CLK: Clock register. When the automatic performance is being executed, a timer interrupt occurs at the time interval of the set tempo, but it is counted down at each timing. At the timing of the start of each bar (that is, the end of the previous bar), the maximum clock number MAX is initialized to CLK,
The countdown is made every time the timer is interrupted, and the timing of the bar line is detected when CLK = 0.

The symbols indicating the registers and the like indicate the registers and the like as a storage area and also the data stored therein. For example, the term CLK means not only the clock register itself but also the clock data stored in the register.

FIG. 3 shows a main routine in the automatic musical instrument of this embodiment. First, when the power of the apparatus is turned on, various initial settings are made in step S1. next,
The switch process (FIG. 4) is performed in step S2, other processes (for example, display process) are performed in step S3, and the process returns to step S2. After that, steps S2 and S3 are repeated.

The switch processing routine will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the switch processing routine, first, in step S11, it is determined whether or not the mode switch has been pressed. If the mode switch is not pressed, the process proceeds to step S14. When the mode switch is pressed, it is determined in step S12 whether the run flag RUN is "0".

When the run flag RUN is not "0",
Since the automatic performance is being executed, the mode is not changed,
It proceeds to step S14. Run flag R in step S12
When UN is “0”, the mode register MODE is inverted in step S13 to change the mode, and step S14
Proceed to.

In step S14, it is determined whether or not the start / stop switch has been pressed. If the start / stop switch is not pressed, the process proceeds to step S18. When the start / stop switch is pressed, it is determined in step S15 whether the run flag RUN is "0".

When the run flag RUN is not "0",
Since the automatic performance is being executed, the run flag RUN is reset to "0" and the process proceeds to step S18. When the run flag RUN is "0" in step S15, the start process (FIG. 5) is executed in step S17 to start the automatic performance, and the process proceeds to step S18.

In step S18, it is determined whether or not the pattern selection switch has been pressed. If the pattern selection switch is not pressed, the process proceeds to step S24. When the pattern selection switch is pressed, step S19
Then, it is determined whether or not the mode MODE is "0", that is, the pattern performance mode or the song performance mode. In the song playing mode, the process proceeds to step S24. In the pattern performance mode, the selected pattern number is set in the pattern number register PTN in step S20.

Next, in step S21, the run flag RUN is set.
Is "1" or not. If the run flag RUN is not "1", the automatic performance is stopped, so step S
At 22, the tempo of the selected pattern PTN is read from the tempo table and the tempo is set. Here, the tempo setting is to send the tempo value from the CPU 4 to the timer 5 and change the interrupt interval.

If the run flag RUN is "1" in step S21, that is, the automatic performance is being executed, the change flag CHANGE is set to "1" in step S23. When the change flag CHANGE becomes "1", the timer interrupt routine, which will be described later, sets the pattern to the pattern number PT when the bar line timing is reached.
The pattern is changed to N. Step S
After S22 and S23, the process proceeds to step S24.

In step S24, it is determined whether or not the song selection switch has been pressed. If the song selection switch is not pressed, the process proceeds to step S29. When the song selection switch is pressed, it is determined in step S25 whether or not the mode MODE is "1", that is, whether or not the song performance mode is set. If not in the song playing mode, the process proceeds to step S29. In the song playing mode, it is determined in step S26 whether or not the run flag RUN is "0". When the run flag RUN is not "0", the automatic performance is being executed, and therefore the operation proceeds to step S29 in order not to accept the operation of the song selection switch.

When the run flag RUN is "0" in step S26, the selected song number is set in the song number register SONG in step S27.
Then, in step S28, the tempo of the song number SONG is read from the tempo table and the tempo is set. Then, it progresses to step S29.

In step S29, it is determined whether or not the tempo switch (either the tempo up switch or the tempo down switch) has been pressed. If the tempo switch is not pressed, the process proceeds to step S36. If the tempo switch is pressed, it is determined in step S30 whether the tempo up switch and the tempo down switch are simultaneously pressed.

If not pressed simultaneously, the tempo is changed and set in accordance with the pressing in step S31. The tempo is changed by setting the tempo change value in the timer 5. If the tempo up switch and the tempo down switch are pressed at the same time in step S30, step S30
32, song SON according to the current mode MODE
The preset tempo is read from the header portion of the G song data or the pattern data of the pattern PTN and the tempo is set. As a result, the preset tempo can be restored.

After steps S31 and S32, step S
Proceed to 33. In step S33, it is determined whether or not the mode MODE is "0", that is, the pattern performance mode or the song performance mode. In pattern play mode,
In step S34, of the tempo values in the tempo table, the tempo value corresponding to the pattern PTN is rewritten with the changed value, and the process proceeds to step S36. If the song playing mode is set in step S33, the tempo value corresponding to the song SONG among the tempo values in the tempo table is rewritten to the changed value in step S35, and the process proceeds to step S36.

In step S36, other switch processing (for example, processing for song data creation switches) is performed and the process returns.

The start processing routine (step S17 in FIG. 4) will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. In the start processing routine, first, step S41
Then, it is determined whether or not the mode MODE is "1". Mode MO
When DE is not "1", that is, in the pattern performance mode, the process proceeds to step S44. When the mode MODE is "1", that is, in the song playing mode, the header of the song data of the currently selected song SONG is read in step S42 and the initial pattern number is set in the pattern number register PTN. Then, in step S43, the first duration data is read from the song data of the song SONG, set in the song duration register SDUR, and the process proceeds to step S44.

In step S44, the header portion of the pattern data of the pattern PTN is read and the maximum clock number is set in the maximum clock number register MAX. Next, in step S45, the first duration data is read from the pattern data of the pattern PTN and set in the pattern duration register PDUR. Then, in step S46, the run flag RUN is set to "1", the clock CLK is set to the maximum clock number MAX, and the process returns.

The timer interrupt routine will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 6 and 7. As described above, the timer interrupt routine is executed every time there is a timer interrupt from the timer 5.

In the timer interrupt routine, first, step S
At 51, it is determined whether or not the run flag RUN is "1". When the run flag RUN is not "1", it means that the automatic performance is stopped, and therefore the process directly returns.
When the run flag RUN is "1", it is determined in step S52 whether the mode MODE is "1". Mode MO
If DE is not "1", it means that the mode is the pattern performance mode, and therefore the process proceeds to step S61.

In step S52, the mode MODE is "1".
Since it means the song playing mode, the song duration SDUR is "0" in step S53.
It is determined whether or not. When the song duration SDUR is not "0", "1" is subtracted from the song duration SDUR in step S54, and the process proceeds to step S61. In step S53, the song duration SDUR
Is 0, the next event data is read from the song data in step S55, and it is determined in step S56 whether it is end data. If it is end data, the run flag RUN is set to "0" in step S57, and the process returns.

If it is not end data in step S56, the pattern number (event data) read in step S58 is set in the register PTN, and step S5 is executed.
The next duration data is read at 9 and the register SD
Set to UR and change flag CH in step S60
"1" is set in ANGE, and the process proceeds to step S61.

In step S61, it is determined whether or not the pattern duration PDUR is "0". If the pattern duration PDUR is not "0", step S62.
Then, "1" is subtracted from the pattern duration PDUR, and the process proceeds to step S70. If the pattern duration PDUR is "0" in step S61, step S
At 63, the next note event data is read from the pattern data, and at step S64 it is determined whether or not it is end data. If it is end data, the change flag CHANGE is set to "1" in step S65, and the process proceeds to step S70.

If it is not the end data in step S64, the note event data is output to the tone generator circuit 8 in step S66. As a result, a percussion instrument sound is generated based on the note event data. Next, in step S67, the next data is read out, and in step S68, it is determined whether or not the data is duration data. If it is not duration data, the process returns to step S64.

If the data read in step S68 is duration data, the duration is set in the register PDUR in step S69, and the flow advances to step S70.

In step S70, it is determined whether the clock CLK has reached "0". Clock CLK is "0"
If not, "1" is subtracted from the clock CLK in step S71, and the process returns. When the clock CLK is "0", it means the timing of the bar line, so it is determined in step S72 whether the change flag CHANGE is "1". If the change flag CHANGE is not "1", it means that the pattern has not been changed or the end data of the pattern data has not been read out, and thus the process proceeds to step S76.

In step S72, the change flag CHAN
When GE is "1", it means that the pattern has been changed or the end data of the pattern data has been read. Therefore, in step S73, the header portion of the pattern data of the pattern PTN is read and the maximum number of clocks is set to the maximum clock. Set in the number register MAX. Next, in step S74, the first duration data is read from the pattern data of the pattern PTN and set in the pattern duration register PDUR. Then, step S7
At 5, the change flag CHANGE is reset to "0", and the process proceeds to step S76.

In step S76, the maximum clock number MAX is set in the clock CLK, and the process returns.

According to this embodiment, since the tempo set last by the user is stored in the tempo table on the battery-backed RAM, the tempo is set when the pattern or song is automatically played next time. No need to fix.

Further, according to the present embodiment, since the tempo table is provided separately from the song and the pattern data, even when the pattern stored in the ROM whose stored contents cannot be rewritten is automatically played, There is no need to reset the settings when automatically playing that pattern.

In the above embodiment, when the tempo switch is operated to change the tempo, the changed tempo is stored in the tempo table. However, when the automatic performance of a song or pattern ends ( The tempo may be stored when the automatic performance is stopped or when the pattern is changed to another pattern.

Further, in the above embodiment, the example of the song data in which the rhythm pattern data and the rhythm pattern data are combined and stored for one song is shown as the automatic performance data, but all the patterns for one song are provided. It can also be applied to automatic performance data. Further, it is not limited to rhythm performance, and may be any type of automatic performance (including automatic accompaniment) such as melody, bass, and chord backing. The storage format of the automatic performance data may be any method.

In the above embodiment, the tempo is not changed even if the pattern is changed during the performance of the pattern, but it may be changed.

The present invention can also be applied to a case where tempo change information is stored in automatic performance data. The tempo change information includes, for example, the rate of change from the reference tempo. In this case, for example, the tempo storage of the present invention may be applied to the reference tempo.

[0067]

As described above, according to the present invention, the last-set tempo value is stored for each of a plurality of automatic performance data, so that the tempo frequently used (at least the previously set tempo) is automatically set. You can perform
It is not necessary to reset the tempo every time. Further, since it is not necessary to set the tempo in the edit mode of the automatic performance data, there is no trouble.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 2] Data format diagram

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a main routine

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a switch processing routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a start processing routine.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt routine (No. 1)

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt routine (No. 2)

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Panel switch, 2 ... Detection circuit, 3 ... Display circuit, 4
... Central processing unit (CPU), 5 ... Timer, 6 ... Read-only memory (ROM), 7 ... Random access memory (RAM), 8 ... Sound source circuit, 9 ... Digital-analog (D / A) converter, 10 ... Sound System, 11 ... Bus line.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tempo setting means for setting a tempo, a storage means for storing a plurality of automatic performance data, a storage means provided separately from the storage means, and a tempo set last for each automatic performance data. An automatic performance device comprising: a tempo storage means for automatically storing the above, and an automatic performance means for reading the automatic performance data and automatically performing the performance at the tempo stored in the tempo storage means.