JPH06190024A - Method and apparatus for high-pressure steam sterilization - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for high-pressure steam sterilizationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06190024A JPH06190024A JP4357050A JP35705092A JPH06190024A JP H06190024 A JPH06190024 A JP H06190024A JP 4357050 A JP4357050 A JP 4357050A JP 35705092 A JP35705092 A JP 35705092A JP H06190024 A JPH06190024 A JP H06190024A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- sterilization
- pressure
- temperature
- treatment tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明に係る高圧蒸気滅菌装置
と高圧蒸気滅菌方法は、病院や各種研究所において排出
される感染性の医療廃棄物を滅菌処理する場合に利用す
る。The high-pressure steam sterilizer and high-pressure steam sterilization method according to the present invention are used for sterilizing infectious medical waste discharged in hospitals and various laboratories.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】病院や各種研究所に於いて排出される廃
棄物には感染性の病原体が付着したものが多くあり、従
来は医療廃棄物、特に感染性廃棄物は医療機関内で分別
され、専門の廃棄物処理業者によって収集、運搬、焼却
処理されていたが、その途上での事故による感染性廃棄
物の飛散の可能性があり、また積荷目録(マニフェス
ト)システムによって監視する方法も採用されている
が、最終処理が確実になされたのか不安が残るため、感
染性医療廃棄物を排出する医療機関内での感染性医療廃
棄物の処理、即ち院内処理をする方法や装置が強く望ま
れている。院内処理に適する方法として、高圧蒸気滅菌
又は焼却処理があり、この2つの加熱処理方法は、適切
に実施されれば完全であり、最も優れた方法であるとさ
れている。しかし実施が不適切であったならば、後処理
に際してかえって二次感染の危険がある。2. Description of the Related Art Many of the wastes discharged in hospitals and various laboratories have infectious pathogens attached to them, and conventionally medical wastes, particularly infectious wastes, are separated in medical institutions. , Was collected, transported, and incinerated by a professional waste disposal company, but there is a possibility that infectious waste may be scattered due to an accident on the way, and a method of monitoring by a manifest system is also adopted. However, there is a concern that the final treatment will be ensured.Therefore, there is a strong need for a method and device for treating infectious medical waste in hospitals that discharge infectious medical waste, that is, for in-hospital treatment. It is rare. As a method suitable for in-hospital treatment, there are high-pressure steam sterilization or incineration treatment, and these two heat treatment methods are said to be complete and the most excellent methods if properly carried out. However, if improperly implemented, there is a risk of secondary infection during post-treatment.
【0003】焼却処理は、可燃物を無機化するので、充
分な殺菌が行なわれ、感染性微生物も消滅する筈である
が、現在一般の病院に設けられている小型固定床炉の焼
却炉での細菌調査の結果では、焼却灰の中に多量の末燃
物が含まれているため、多数の一般細菌が検出され、又
焼却炉の煙道中に溜まっている粉塵にも多数の細菌が発
見されたという報告があった。これらの固定床炉は、炉
温の変動が激しく、特に焼却の立上り、立下り時には、
高温焼却が難しい。In the incineration process, combustible substances are made inorganic, so that they should be sufficiently sterilized and infectious microorganisms should disappear, but in the incinerator of a small fixed bed furnace currently installed in general hospitals. According to the results of the bacteria survey of the incineration ash, a large amount of unburned matter is contained in the incineration ash, so many general bacteria were detected, and many bacteria were also found in the dust accumulated in the flue of the incinerator. There was a report that it was done. In these fixed bed furnaces, the temperature of the furnace fluctuates sharply, especially at the rise and fall of incineration.
High temperature incineration is difficult.
【0004】又医療廃棄物の多くがプラスチック製であ
るため、焼却にともなってプラスチックが分解して発生
する排ガスには有害な物質が含まれているので二次汚染
が問題となり、排ガス処理に大きな設備を必要とする。
また高熱を発する焼却炉には広い設置場所を必要とし、
都市部の病院内の設備としては不適当である。Further, since most medical waste is made of plastic, the exhaust gas generated by decomposition of the plastic during incineration contains harmful substances, which causes a problem of secondary pollution, which is a major problem in exhaust gas treatment. Requires equipment.
In addition, the incinerator that emits high heat requires a large installation space,
It is unsuitable for equipment in hospitals in urban areas.
【0005】高圧蒸気滅菌処理は、耐熱性細菌の芽胞で
も121℃の高圧蒸気の元で約20分間保持する事によ
り十分な滅菌効果が発揮され、その温度では医療器具と
して使用されるプラスチックは安定であるのでガス処理
の問題がない。しかし従来の高圧蒸気滅菌処理装置(オ
ートクレーブ)及びその運転方法は、被滅菌物自体の滅
菌が主眼に置かれているため、滅菌処理終了後に、被滅
菌物に処理槽外から進入して、被滅菌物に細菌等が附着
しない様な配慮はされているが、処理槽内を蒸気と置換
する為の排気及び滅菌の為の供給蒸気による低温のドレ
ンの排出には特別な配慮はされておらず、そのまま処理
槽外に排気、排出されていた。In the high-pressure steam sterilization treatment, even a spore of heat-resistant bacteria can exhibit a sufficient sterilizing effect by holding it under high-pressure steam at 121 ° C. for about 20 minutes, and at that temperature, the plastic used as a medical device is stable. Therefore, there is no problem of gas treatment. However, the conventional high-pressure steam sterilization equipment (autoclave) and its operating method focus on the sterilization of the object to be sterilized. Although care is taken not to attach bacteria etc. to the sterilized product, special consideration is not given to exhausting the inside of the processing tank with steam and discharging low-temperature drain by supply steam for sterilization. Instead, it was exhausted and discharged outside the processing tank as it was.
【0006】上記の様な、従来の高圧蒸気滅菌装置で、
感染性廃棄物を滅菌処理すると、排気工程で排気される
気体中に感染性微生物が混入する可能性があり、排気と
ともに院内に感染性微生物をばらまく事となる。又滅菌
工程時に排出されるドレンの中にも感染性微生物が混入
する可能性があり、ドレンとともに院内に感染性微生物
を放出する事となる。With the conventional high-pressure steam sterilizer as described above,
When the infectious waste is sterilized, infectious microorganisms may be mixed in the gas exhausted in the exhaust step, and the infectious microorganisms are scattered in the hospital together with the exhaust. In addition, the infectious microorganisms may be mixed in the drain discharged during the sterilization process, and the infectious microorganisms are released into the hospital together with the drain.
【0007】又感染性廃棄物の滅菌処理の場合、処理槽
内面及び配管内面にも感染性微生物が附着している可能
性があり、被滅菌物の処理槽への投入及び排出時又は配
管上部品の交換時にそれらの部分に触れる可能性があ
り、被滅菌物ばかりでなく、これらの部分も確実に滅菌
処理される必要があるが、従来の高圧蒸気滅菌装置では
充分に配慮されていなかった。Further, in the case of sterilization of infectious waste, there is a possibility that infectious microorganisms may be attached to the inner surface of the processing tank and the inner surface of the pipe. There is a possibility of touching those parts when exchanging upper parts, and not only the object to be sterilized but also these parts must be surely sterilized, but the conventional high-pressure steam sterilizer does not give sufficient consideration. It was
【0008】又従来の高圧蒸気滅菌装置は小型のものを
除いて、外部よりボイラー等の蒸気発生設備より蒸気を
導入し、滅菌を行う方法が採用されているが、この場合
加熱初期に発生する低温のドレンを処理槽の中に溜まっ
たまま加熱を行うと、ドレンの溜まった所はなかなか加
熱されず、滅菌に時間が掛かるとともに、滅菌効果も十
分といえない。そこで、蒸気ドレンをキルタンクと称す
る別の槽に集め、その槽で加熱、滅菌を行ってから排出
するものがあるが、装置がより大きなもので複雑とな
り、処理工程及び時間も増大する。又ベッド数が20か
ら30床の小規模の病院施設では、ボイラー等の蒸気発
生設備が無い所が多く、新たな設置場所及び費用が必要
となり不適当である。The conventional high-pressure steam sterilizer, except for a small-sized one, adopts a method of sterilizing by introducing steam from a steam generating facility such as a boiler from the outside. In this case, it is generated in the initial stage of heating. If low-temperature drainage is heated with the drainage accumulated in the treatment tank, the drainage accumulation area will not be heated easily, and sterilization will take time and the sterilization effect will not be sufficient. Therefore, there is a device in which the steam drain is collected in another tank called a kill tank, heated and sterilized in the tank, and then discharged, but the apparatus is larger and complicated, and the processing steps and time increase. Further, in a small-scale hospital facility having 20 to 30 beds, there are many places where there is no steam generating equipment such as a boiler, and a new installation place and cost are required, which is not suitable.
【0009】従来の高圧蒸気滅菌装置で小型のものは、
処理槽底部に加熱ヒーターを設け、水を処理槽底部に供
給し、それを加熱して、蒸気を発生させるもの、又別置
の加熱ヒーターを内設した蒸気発生装置で蒸気を発生さ
せ、配管で処理槽にその蒸気を導入するものがある。し
かし、加熱ヒーターが処理槽に内設されたものは、処理
槽内部で発生したドレンは加熱ヒーターで再加熱滅菌さ
れるので、ドレンの排出の問題はないが、被滅菌物の容
量の割に処理槽が大きくなり、又滅菌処理が終了するた
びに安全の為に、加熱された供給水を排出する必要があ
り、エネルギーコストの面では別置のものに比べて不利
であり、排気工程と供給水の加熱工程を別々に行う必要
があり、処理時間が長くなるという欠点がある。[0009] The conventional high-pressure steam sterilizer is small,
A heater is provided at the bottom of the treatment tank, water is supplied to the bottom of the treatment tank to heat it to generate steam, and steam is generated by a steam generator with a separate heater installed inside the piping. There is one that introduces the steam into the processing tank. However, in the case where the heating heater is installed inside the processing tank, the drain generated inside the processing tank is reheat sterilized by the heating heater, so there is no problem of drain discharge, but for the capacity of the sterilized object It is necessary to discharge the heated feed water for safety every time the treatment tank becomes large and the sterilization treatment is completed, which is disadvantageous in terms of energy cost compared to the separate equipment, and the exhaust process It is necessary to separately perform the heating process of the feed water, which has a drawback that the processing time becomes long.
【0010】又従来の別置の蒸気発生装置によるもの
は、蒸気を発生させて処理槽に導入するための、いわゆ
る簡易ボイラーの目的で設置されている為、処理槽内で
発生するドレンはその都度、処理槽外に排出され滅菌処
理はされていなかった。排気工程で排気される気体中に
含まれる感染性微生物の滅菌方法として、排気配管途中
に除菌フィルターを設置して、除菌するとともに、この
除菌フィルターを、高圧蒸気で滅菌する方法が提案され
ているが、加熱ヒーターを処理槽に内設した場合は、処
理槽内で発生した蒸気が、配管途中にある除菌フィルタ
ーまで到達し、所定の滅菌温度まで加熱するのに、蒸気
の循環が自然循環であるために、時間が掛かるととも
に、配管途中及びフィルターハウジング部の放熱によ
り、内部の温度分布が不安定になりやすいという問題が
ある。又外部より蒸気を導入し、強制的に蒸気を除菌フ
ィルター部及び配管に流して滅菌を行えば内部の温度も
均一化し、滅菌処理されるが、それによって生じるドレ
ンの滅菌処理が必要となる。Further, since the conventional separate steam generator is installed for the purpose of a so-called simple boiler for generating steam and introducing it into the treatment tank, the drain generated in the treatment tank is Each time, it was discharged outside the treatment tank and not sterilized. As a method of sterilizing infectious microorganisms contained in the gas exhausted in the exhaust process, a method is proposed in which a sterilization filter is installed in the exhaust pipe to sterilize and the sterilization filter is sterilized with high-pressure steam. However, when a heating heater is installed inside the treatment tank, the steam generated in the treatment tank reaches the sterilization filter in the middle of the pipe and circulates the steam in order to heat it to the specified sterilization temperature. Since it is a natural circulation, there is a problem that it takes time and the temperature distribution inside tends to become unstable due to heat radiation in the middle of the piping and in the filter housing part. In addition, if steam is introduced from the outside and forced to flow through the sterilization filter part and piping to perform sterilization, the internal temperature will be made uniform and sterilization will be performed, but sterilization of the resulting drain is required. .
【0011】高圧蒸気滅菌装置の運転において、処理槽
内の気体の排気が不充分な場合、処理槽内部が十分に蒸
気置換されず、空気にさらされた部分は温度が上がりに
くく、又高圧蒸気滅菌温度でも滅菌されない場合があ
る。従来の高圧蒸気滅菌装置の排気方法としては、真空
ポンプを使用して排気する事が行なわれており、その方
法には真空排気して蒸気置換する行程を1回だけ行うシ
ングルバキューム法と、真空排気・蒸気置換を数回繰り
返すパルセーシングプレバキューム法とがある。又真空
ポンプとしては、真空到達圧力−600〜−700mmH
g程度の水封式ロータリー真空ポンプが水蒸気が吸入さ
れても問題がなく、安価という事で通常多く使用されて
いる。In the operation of the high-pressure steam sterilizer, when the gas in the processing tank is not exhausted sufficiently, the inside of the processing tank is not sufficiently replaced with steam, and the temperature of the portion exposed to air is hard to rise, and the high-pressure steam is not heated. It may not be sterilized even at the sterilization temperature. As a conventional exhaust method of the high-pressure steam sterilizer, a vacuum pump is used for exhaust, and a single vacuum method in which the process of performing vacuum exhaust and steam replacement is performed only once and a vacuum method are used. There is a pulsating prevacuum method in which exhaust / steam replacement is repeated several times. As a vacuum pump, the ultimate vacuum pressure is -600 to -700 mmH.
A water-sealing type rotary vacuum pump of about g does not cause any problem even if steam is sucked in, and is usually used because it is inexpensive.
【0012】上記真空ポンプを使用した場合、シングル
バキューム法では残留空気が多く、処理構内に蒸気を導
入しても、飽和水蒸気中に空気の分圧が発生し、高めの
圧力を示して十分な蒸気置換ができないと共に、熱伝導
が悪く、処理槽内の温度分布が乱れて不均一となり、被
滅菌物及び処理槽内の効果的な減菌処理が出来ない可能
性があり、又パルセーシングプレバキューム法は真空排
気・蒸気置換を交互に数回繰り返すことにより、残留空
気を希釈し、空気の絶対量を少なく出来るので処理溝内
の温度の均一化が出来るが、ボイラー等の蒸気発生装置
で蒸気供給能力が十分な場合問題ないが、加熱ヒーター
が内設されたもの、及び別置の蒸気発生装置の様な簡易
ボイラーの様なものは、加熱能力が小さいため、真空排
気・蒸気置換を繰り返すには時間が長く掛かりすぎると
いう問題がある。When the above vacuum pump is used, a large amount of residual air is produced in the single vacuum method, and even if steam is introduced into the treatment facility, a partial pressure of air is generated in the saturated steam and a high pressure is exhibited, which is sufficient. In addition to not being able to replace steam, heat conduction is poor and the temperature distribution in the treatment tank is disturbed, resulting in non-uniformity, which may prevent effective sterilization of the object to be sterilized and the treatment tank. In the prevacuum method, residual air is diluted by repeating vacuum evacuation and steam replacement several times alternately, and the absolute amount of air can be reduced, so the temperature inside the processing groove can be made uniform, but a steam generator such as a boiler is used. However, if the steam supply capacity is sufficient, there is no problem, but the one with a built-in heater and the one like a simple boiler such as a separate steam generator have a small heating capacity, so vacuum exhaust / steam replacement is required. Repeat To return there is a problem that the time is too take long.
【0013】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、以上の問題
点に鑑み、これを解消する為に創案されたもので、病院
等から排出される感染性医療廃棄物及びそれを収納処理
する処理槽の内面を確実に高圧蒸気滅菌処理する事が可
能で、高圧蒸気滅菌処理する過程で発生する排気及び排
水による病院の二次感染を短時間処理で防止する事が出
来、且つ、その装置が低エネルギーコストで、設置スペ
ースも小さく、ボイラー等の付帯設備を不要にできるよ
うにすることを解決すべき技術的課題とするものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and infectious medical waste discharged from hospitals and the like and a treatment for storing it. It is possible to reliably sterilize the inner surface of the tank with high-pressure steam, and to prevent secondary infection of the hospital due to exhaust gas and drainage generated in the process of high-pressure steam sterilization in a short time, and the device It is a technical issue to be solved that low energy cost, small installation space, and elimination of auxiliary equipment such as a boiler are required.
【0014】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題解決のために技
術的手段は、高圧蒸気滅菌装置を、内部に被滅菌物を収
納した状態で密閉自在な処理槽と、この処理槽に溜まっ
たドレンが自然落下で戻る様な位置に設置されて内部に
高温高圧蒸気発生の為の加熱ヒーターを有する蒸気発生
装置と、処理槽底部に溜まったドレンを前記蒸気発生装
置に戻す為の戻り配管と、前記蒸気発生装置で発生させ
た蒸気を前記処理槽に供給するための蒸気供給配管と、
前記処理槽及び蒸気発生装置内の気体を排気する為の排
気手段と、その排気手段を構成する排気配管の途中に設
けられて前記排気中の菌を除菌する為の除菌機構と、こ
の除菌機構の滅菌の為に前記蒸気発生装置で発生させた
高温高圧の蒸気を除菌機構に供給する為の手段と、除菌
機構をバイパスして排気するバイパス配管とを備えた構
成にすることである。[Means for Solving the Problems] To solve the above-mentioned problems, technical means include a high-pressure steam sterilizer, a treatment tank which can be hermetically sealed with an object to be sterilized therein, and a drain accumulated in the treatment tank. A steam generator having a heater for generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam inside, which is installed at a position where it returns by natural fall, and a return pipe for returning the drain accumulated at the bottom of the processing tank to the steam generator, Steam supply pipe for supplying the steam generated by the steam generator to the processing tank,
Exhaust means for exhausting the gas in the processing tank and the steam generator, and a disinfecting mechanism for disinfecting the bacteria in the exhaust provided in the middle of an exhaust pipe constituting the exhaust means, For sterilizing the sterilization mechanism, means for supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated by the steam generator to the sterilization mechanism, and a bypass pipe for bypassing the sterilization mechanism and exhausting it That is.
【0015】また、処理槽内に被滅菌物を収納し、この
処理槽を密封した後、処理槽内及び蒸気発生装置内の気
体を、除菌機構を通して排出するとともに、蒸気発生装
置内供給水の予備加熱及び脱気を行う脱気工程と、この
脱気工程に続き、上記除菌機構内に高温高圧の蒸気を強
制的に流通させるとともに、この除菌機構内を高温高圧
の状態に維持することにより、蒸気処理槽の予熱を行う
第1の滅菌工程と、この第1の滅菌工程に続き、上記処
理槽内に高温高圧の蒸気を送りこんで、この処理槽内を
高温高圧の状態に維持する第2の滅菌工程と、この第2
の滅菌工程に続き、上記処理槽内の高温高圧の蒸気を排
気管を通して滅圧・冷却して放出し上記処理槽内の圧力
を降圧し、冷却水を導入して上記処理槽内を冷却する降
圧・冷却工程とから成る高圧蒸気滅菌方法を採用するこ
とである。Further, after the substance to be sterilized is stored in the treatment tank and the treatment tank is sealed, the gas in the treatment tank and the steam generator is discharged through the sterilization mechanism, and the water supplied to the steam generator is supplied. Degassing step of preheating and degassing, and following this degassing step, the high temperature and high pressure steam is forced to flow through the sterilization mechanism, and the sterilization mechanism is maintained at high temperature and high pressure. By performing the first sterilization step of preheating the steam treatment tank, and following this first sterilization step, high temperature and high pressure steam is fed into the treatment tank to bring the inside of the treatment tank to a high temperature and high pressure state. A second sterilization step to maintain and this second
Subsequent to the sterilization process, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the processing tank is decompressed / cooled and discharged through the exhaust pipe to reduce the pressure in the processing tank, and cooling water is introduced to cool the processing tank. It is to adopt a high-pressure steam sterilization method consisting of a step-down / cooling process.
【0016】[0016]
【作用】上述の様に構成される本発明の高圧蒸気滅菌装
置及び高圧蒸気滅菌方法によれば、処理槽内及び蒸気発
生装置内の気体中に含まれる感染性微生物は、その気体
が排気されるに当たり、除菌機構で確実に捕捉される
か、又は、配管内面に附着した感染性微生物は、その中
に高圧蒸気を強制的に流し、高温高圧に保持する事によ
り確実に短時間に滅菌処理され、発生したドレンも蒸気
発生装置に戻され再加熱滅菌され排出される事がない。According to the high-pressure steam sterilization apparatus and high-pressure steam sterilization method of the present invention configured as described above, the infectious microorganisms contained in the gas in the processing tank and the steam generator are exhausted from the gas. Infectious microorganisms that are reliably captured by the sterilization mechanism or attached to the inner surface of the pipe are sterilized in a short time by forcing high-pressure steam to flow through them and keeping them at high temperature and high pressure. Drain that has been treated and generated will not be returned to the steam generator, reheat sterilized and discharged.
【0017】又処理槽内に附着した感染性微生物及び処
理槽内に収納された被滅菌物も、気体が処理槽底部に溜
まった段階に、除菌機構を通して排気する事により、処
理槽内温度の分布を均一する事ができ、短時間で確実に
滅菌処理され、処理槽内で発生したドレンは蒸気発生装
置に戻され再加熱滅菌されるので、外部に排出される事
がない。The infectious microorganisms adhering to the treatment tank and the sterilized object stored in the treatment tank are also exhausted through the sterilization mechanism at the stage when the gas is accumulated at the bottom of the treatment tank, so that the temperature inside the treatment tank is increased. Can be uniformly distributed, and can be surely sterilized in a short time. The drain generated in the processing tank is returned to the steam generator and reheat sterilized, so that it is not discharged to the outside.
【0018】又処理槽と蒸気発生装置を接続する配管途
中に設置した開閉弁を閉じる事により、処理槽の排気と
蒸気発生装置への給水及びその加熱を同時に行う事が可
能で工程時間の短縮が行え、続けて運転する場合には蒸
気発生装置の供給水は放熱分だけ加熱をすればよいので
省エネルギーとなる。Further, by closing the on-off valve installed in the middle of the pipe connecting the treatment tank and the steam generator, it is possible to simultaneously exhaust the treatment tank, supply water to the steam generator and heat the same, thereby shortening the process time. In the case of continuous operation, the water supplied to the steam generator needs to be heated only by the amount of heat radiation, thus saving energy.
【0019】又除菌機構の滅菌中に、排気配管途中の処
理槽近くに設けられた絞り機構を、除菌機構及び配管内
を滅菌が行える様に高温高圧に保持する様に調整すると
ともに、その系内を流す蒸気量も系内の均一化が出来る
様に、又、除菌機構滅菌中の蒸気発生装置内の液位の低
下が加熱ヒーターの過熱の原因にならない様に調整して
処理槽の予熱を行う様にしてあるので、加熱時間が短縮
出来るとともに、処理槽の滅菌に切換える時に処理槽内
と蒸気発生装置内の圧力及び温度差が大きい為に起こ
る、蒸気発生装置内の供給水が突沸し水が飛末となって
処理槽に流れ込む量を少なくする事ができるので、蒸気
発生装置内の供給水の液位低下が少なくなり加熱ヒータ
ーの過熱が防止出来、又、蒸気発生装置の容量を小さく
する事が出来る。During sterilization of the sterilization mechanism, the throttling mechanism provided near the processing tank in the middle of the exhaust pipe is adjusted so that the sterilization mechanism and the inside of the pipe are maintained at high temperature and high pressure so that the inside can be sterilized. Adjust the amount of steam flowing through the system so that it can be made uniform within the system, and adjust the treatment so that the decrease in the liquid level in the steam generator during sterilization mechanism does not cause overheating of the heater. Since the tank is preheated, the heating time can be shortened, and the supply in the steam generator occurs because the pressure and temperature differences between the inside of the steam tank and the steam tank are large when switching to sterilization of the processing tank. It is possible to reduce the amount of water that bumps into water and flows into the treatment tank due to the end of the water.Therefore, it is possible to prevent the liquid level of the supply water in the steam generator from decreasing and prevent overheating of the heating heater. The capacity of the device can be reduced.
【0020】又蒸気発生装置が処理槽の近くに設置さ
れ、蒸気発生装置に接続される戻り配管の接続位置が蒸
気発生装置内の供給水制限液面のすぐ上に接続されてい
る為に装置がコンパクトに出来るとともに、ドレンが短
時間に蒸気発生装置に戻り、戻り配管が確実に滅菌処理
出来るとともに処理槽底部からも蒸気を供給する事が出
来るため昇温時間の短縮及び処理槽内温度の均一化が計
れる。Further, since the steam generator is installed near the processing tank and the connection position of the return pipe connected to the steam generator is connected to just above the supply water limiting liquid level in the steam generator. Can be made compact, the drain can be returned to the steam generator in a short time, and the return pipe can be sterilized reliably, and steam can be supplied from the bottom of the processing tank, so the temperature rise time can be shortened and the temperature inside the processing tank can be reduced. Uniformity can be measured.
【0021】[0021]
【実施例】次に、図示の実施例を説明しつつ、本発明を
更に詳しく説明する。図1は本発明の高圧蒸気滅菌装置
の実施例を示す回路図である。1は処理槽で、内部に被
滅菌物4を収納した状態で、図示しない蓋装置により密
閉自在としている。2は蒸気発生装置で、内部に蒸気発
生の為の加熱ヒーター3を有している。処理槽1の底部
には戻り配管5の一端を接続し、この戻り配管5の他端
を蒸気発生装置2の上側面に接続している。又上記戻り
配管5の途中に処理槽1と蒸気発生装置2とを遮断する
事が出来る開閉弁6が設けられており、更に開閉弁6の
処理槽1側に分岐した第1の排水管7と開閉弁8が設け
られている。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a high-pressure steam sterilizer of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a processing tank, which is in a state in which an object to be sterilized 4 is housed and can be sealed by a lid device (not shown). A steam generator 2 has a heater 3 for generating steam inside. One end of a return pipe 5 is connected to the bottom of the processing tank 1, and the other end of the return pipe 5 is connected to the upper side surface of the steam generator 2. Further, an on-off valve 6 that can shut off the processing tank 1 and the steam generator 2 is provided in the middle of the return pipe 5, and a first drain pipe 7 branched to the processing tank 1 side of the on-off valve 6 is further provided. And an on-off valve 8 is provided.
【0022】又蒸気発生装置2の上面には蒸気供給配管
9の一端を接続し、この蒸気供給配管9の他端を処理槽
の上側面に接続している。又上記蒸気供給配管9の途中
に処理槽1と蒸気発生装置2とを遮断する事の出来る開
閉弁10が設けられている。更に、前記処理槽1下側面
には、第1の排気配管11の一端を接続し、この第1の
排気配管11の他端を排気装置12の吸込口に接続して
いる。又上記第1の排気配管11の途中には、処理槽1
の側から順に絞り弁13と開閉弁14とに並列に開閉弁
15を設け、除菌装置16(本実施例では除菌フィルタ
ー)と開閉弁17と流量調整弁18と逆止弁19とが設
けられている。Further, one end of a steam supply pipe 9 is connected to the upper surface of the steam generator 2 and the other end of the steam supply pipe 9 is connected to the upper side surface of the processing tank. An on-off valve 10 that can shut off the processing tank 1 and the steam generator 2 is provided in the middle of the steam supply pipe 9. Further, one end of the first exhaust pipe 11 is connected to the lower side surface of the processing tank 1, and the other end of the first exhaust pipe 11 is connected to the suction port of the exhaust device 12. In the middle of the first exhaust pipe 11, the processing tank 1
An opening / closing valve 15 is provided in parallel with the throttle valve 13 and the opening / closing valve 14 in order from the side, and the sterilization device 16 (in this embodiment, a sterilization filter), the opening / closing valve 17, the flow rate adjusting valve 18, and the check valve 19 are provided. It is provided.
【0023】又蒸気発生装置2上面には、除菌装置滅菌
用配管20の一端を接続し、この除菌装置用配管20の
他端を除菌装置16出口と開閉弁17との配管の途中に
接続している。また開閉弁21が除菌装置滅菌用配管2
0の途中に接続されている。更に蒸気発生装置2の底面
には、供給水配管22の一端を接続し、この供給水配管
22の他端は、図示されていない給水元弁に接続されて
いる。又上記供給水配管22の途中には、蒸気発生装置
2の側から順に開閉弁23と絞り弁24が設けられてい
る。又上記供給水配管22の途中の開閉弁23の蒸気発
生装置2側から分岐して第2の排水配管25が接続され
ており、その途中に開閉弁26が設けられている。27
は液位調節計で蒸気発生装置2内の供給水による液位を
開閉弁23を開閉させて調節する役目を有する。又28
は温度調節計で蒸気発生装置2内の供給水温を加熱ヒー
ター3を作動又は停止させ所定の温度に調節する機能を
有する。On the upper surface of the steam generator 2, one end of a sterilization device sterilization pipe 20 is connected, and the other end of the sterilization device pipe 20 is connected to the outlet of the sterilization device 16 and the opening / closing valve 17. Connected to. In addition, the on-off valve 21 is the sterilization device sterilization pipe 2
It is connected in the middle of 0. Further, one end of a supply water pipe 22 is connected to the bottom surface of the steam generator 2, and the other end of the supply water pipe 22 is connected to a water supply source valve (not shown). An on-off valve 23 and a throttle valve 24 are provided in the supply water pipe 22 in this order from the steam generator 2 side. A second drainage pipe 25 is branched from the steam generator 2 side of the on-off valve 23 in the middle of the supply water pipe 22, and an on-off valve 26 is provided in the middle thereof. 27
Has a role of adjusting the liquid level of the supply water in the steam generator 2 by opening and closing the on-off valve 23 with a liquid level controller. Again 28
Has a function of adjusting the supply water temperature in the steam generator 2 to a predetermined temperature by operating or stopping the heater 3 with a temperature controller.
【0024】尚、29は安全弁であり、30及び31は
圧力スイッチで、蒸気発生装置2内の圧力を検出し、高
圧の表示及び高圧異常を知らせる役目を有する。又処理
槽1の上側面には、冷却水配管32の一端を接続し、こ
の冷却水配管32の他端は図示されていない給水元弁に
接続されている。又、上記冷却水配管32の途中には処
理槽1の側から順に開閉弁33と絞り弁34が設けられ
ている。更に処理槽1の上側面には、真空解除配管35
の一端を接続し、この真空解除配管35の他端はフィル
ター38を介して大気に開放されている。又上記真空解
除配管35の途中には、処理槽1の側から順に開閉弁3
6と絞り弁37が設けられている。In addition, 29 is a safety valve, and 30 and 31 are pressure switches, which have a role of detecting the pressure in the steam generator 2 and displaying a high pressure and notifying a high pressure abnormality. Further, one end of a cooling water pipe 32 is connected to the upper side surface of the treatment tank 1, and the other end of the cooling water pipe 32 is connected to a water supply source valve (not shown). An opening / closing valve 33 and a throttle valve 34 are provided in the middle of the cooling water pipe 32 in this order from the treatment tank 1 side. Further, on the upper side surface of the processing tank 1, a vacuum release pipe 35
Is connected to one end, and the other end of the vacuum release pipe 35 is open to the atmosphere via a filter 38. In the middle of the vacuum release pipe 35, the on-off valve 3 is sequentially installed from the processing tank 1 side.
6 and a throttle valve 37 are provided.
【0025】39は排気装置12の第2の排気配管で、
第2の排気配管39の一端を排気装置12の排気口に接
続し、この第2の排気配管39の他端は排出マニホール
ド48に接続されている。又排気装置12の吸込口に
は、封水配管40の一端を接続し、この封水配管40の
他端は、図示されていない給水弁に接続されている。又
上記封水配管40の途中には排気装置12の側から順に
開閉弁41と絞り弁42が設けられている。43は設定
付温度指示計であり、処理槽1内の温度を表示するとと
もに、処理槽1内温度の滅菌温度到達及び冷却終了温度
到達の検出をする役目を有する。又44及び45は圧力
スイッチでそれぞれ脱気の確認及び降圧の確認をする役
目を有する。Reference numeral 39 denotes a second exhaust pipe of the exhaust device 12,
One end of the second exhaust pipe 39 is connected to the exhaust port of the exhaust device 12, and the other end of the second exhaust pipe 39 is connected to the exhaust manifold 48. Further, one end of a water sealing pipe 40 is connected to the suction port of the exhaust device 12, and the other end of the water sealing pipe 40 is connected to a water supply valve (not shown). An on-off valve 41 and a throttle valve 42 are provided in the middle of the water sealing pipe 40 in this order from the exhaust device 12 side. Reference numeral 43 denotes a temperature indicator with setting, which has a role of displaying the temperature in the processing bath 1 and detecting the arrival of the sterilization temperature and the cooling end temperature of the internal temperature of the processing bath 1. Also, 44 and 45 are pressure switches, which have a function of confirming deaeration and confirmation of pressure reduction, respectively.
【0026】上述の様に構成される本発明の高圧蒸気滅
菌装置を使用し、本発明の処理方法により被滅菌物を滅
菌処理する場合、次の様にして行う。先ず、処理槽1内
に被滅菌物4を収納し、この処理槽1を密閉した後、本
発明の実施例では水封式ポンプである排気装置12の吸
込口に接続された封水配管40に設けられた開閉弁41
を開いた後、上記排気装置12を作動させ、開閉弁1
5,17を開いて処理槽1内の気体を除菌装置16を通
して排気を行うと同時に蒸気発生装置2内に、開閉弁2
3を開いて液位調節計27で設定された位置まで給水し
た後、内設の加熱ヒーター3により供給水の予備加熱を
行う。この予備加熱の制御方法は、立上り運転の場合に
は蒸気発生装置2内供給水上に気体層があり、供給水の
加熱とともに分圧の法則に従い蒸気発生装置2内の圧力
は供給水温度の水蒸気飽和圧力以上になり、脱気時間に
よっては、温度調節装置28の設定温度まで温度が上が
り、その場合、蒸気発生装置2内の圧力が蒸気発生装置
2の最高使用圧力を越える事となる。その場合には高圧
異常で装置の運転を停止するか、安全弁29から圧を放
出する事となり安全面で問題がある。蒸気発生装置2及
び処理槽1の最高使用圧力を高くすれば上記の問題は解
消されるが、装置自体が過大な設計となり高価なものと
なる。そこで、圧力スイッチ30により温度調節装置2
8の設定温度の水蒸気の飽和圧力以下の任意の圧力で予
備加熱を停止する様に制御されている。When sterilizing an object to be sterilized by the processing method of the present invention using the high-pressure steam sterilizer of the present invention configured as described above, it is carried out as follows. First, the object to be sterilized 4 is stored in the treatment tank 1, the treatment tank 1 is hermetically sealed, and then the water sealing pipe 40 connected to the suction port of the exhaust device 12 which is the water sealing pump in the embodiment of the present invention. On-off valve 41 provided in
After opening the valve, the exhaust device 12 is operated to open the on-off valve 1
5 and 17 are opened and the gas in the treatment tank 1 is exhausted through the sterilization device 16 and at the same time, the opening / closing valve 2 is placed in the steam generator 2.
After opening 3 and supplying water to the position set by the liquid level controller 27, the internal heater 3 preheats the supplied water. This preheating control method has a gas layer on the feed water in the steam generator 2 in the case of start-up operation, and the pressure in the steam generator 2 is steam at the feed water temperature in accordance with the law of partial pressure with the heating of the feed water. The pressure becomes equal to or higher than the saturation pressure, and the temperature rises to the set temperature of the temperature control device 28 depending on the deaeration time. In that case, the pressure in the steam generator 2 exceeds the maximum working pressure of the steam generator 2. In that case, the operation of the device is stopped due to a high pressure abnormality, or the pressure is released from the safety valve 29, which is a safety problem. If the maximum working pressure of the steam generator 2 and the treatment tank 1 is increased, the above problem can be solved, but the device itself becomes oversized and expensive. Therefore, the temperature controller 2 is controlled by the pressure switch 30.
It is controlled so that the preheating is stopped at an arbitrary pressure equal to or lower than the saturation pressure of steam at the set temperature of 8.
【0027】次に処理槽1内の圧力が、排気により圧力
スイッチ44で設定された圧力(本実施例では−60cm
Hg)に到達したら、所定時間開閉弁10を開いて蒸気
発生装置2の予備加熱した供給水の脱気を行うととも
に、蒸気供給配管9及び除菌機構滅菌用配管20内の排
気を行う。所定時間終了後開閉弁10を閉じ、蒸気発生
装置2内の供給水温度が温度調節器28で設定された温
度に到達するまで処理槽1内の排気を行い、設定温度に
到達後第1の排気配管11の途中に設けられた開閉弁1
7を閉じ、次に封水配管40の途中に設けられた開閉弁
41を閉じ、排気装置12を停止させて脱気工程を終了
する。Next, the pressure in the processing tank 1 is set to the pressure set by the pressure switch 44 by exhausting (-60 cm in this embodiment).
When Hg) is reached, the on-off valve 10 is opened for a predetermined time to deaerate the preheated feed water of the steam generator 2, and the steam supply pipe 9 and the sterilization mechanism sterilization pipe 20 are exhausted. After the end of the predetermined time, the on-off valve 10 is closed and the treatment tank 1 is evacuated until the temperature of the supply water in the steam generator 2 reaches the temperature set by the temperature controller 28. After reaching the set temperature, the first On-off valve 1 provided in the middle of exhaust pipe 11
7 is closed, then the on-off valve 41 provided in the middle of the water sealing pipe 40 is closed, the exhaust device 12 is stopped, and the deaeration process is completed.
【0028】次に、除菌機構滅菌用配管20の途中に設
けられた及び第1の排気配管11の途中に設けられた開
閉弁21,14を開き、蒸気発生装置2で発生した蒸気
を、除菌機構滅菌配管20を通して、除菌機構16の出
口側に導き、除菌機構16を通った蒸気は、第1の排気
配管11を通り、開閉弁14を通り、絞り弁13を通っ
て滅圧され処理槽1内に導かれ、処理槽1内及び被滅菌
物4の予熱を行う。蒸気による加熱で発生したドレンの
うち、除菌機構滅菌配管20で発生したドレンは蒸気発
生装置2へ、第1の排気配管11内で発生したドレンは
処理槽1へ、自然落下によりそれぞれ戻され、処理槽1
内で発生しドレンは処理槽1底部に溜められる。絞り弁
13の開度は、蒸気発生装置2と処理槽1の圧力差及
び、蒸気発生装置2に内設された加熱ヒーター3の加熱
能力と、滅菌される除菌機構16と除菌機構滅菌用配管
20と第1の排気配管11の滅菌温度までの加熱に必要
な熱容量と、滅菌中に放熱によって失う熱容量と、処理
槽1と被滅菌物4の予熱に必要な熱容量と、蒸気発生装
置2内の供給水量とによって決定される。又本実施例に
おける絞り弁13はこれに限定されるものではなく、絞
り機能を有するものであれば何でも良い。上記の方法で
除菌機構16及び、第1の排気配管11内に強制的に所
定時間蒸気発生装置2で発生した高圧蒸気を流し、系内
を絞り弁13により飽和蒸気で滅菌に必要な温度及び圧
力に保持することで、系内を均一に加熱出来、脱気工程
時に除菌機構16に捕捉され、又第1の排気配管11内
に附着した感染性微生物は確実に滅菌処理されるととも
に処理槽1の予熱も行なわれ、第1の滅菌工程が終了す
る。Next, opening / closing valves 21 and 14 provided in the middle of the sterilization mechanism sterilization pipe 20 and in the middle of the first exhaust pipe 11 are opened, and the steam generated in the steam generator 2 is The steam led to the outlet side of the sterilization mechanism 16 through the sterilization mechanism sterilization pipe 20 and passed through the sterilization mechanism 16 passes through the first exhaust pipe 11, the on-off valve 14, and the throttle valve 13 to be destroyed. It is pressurized and guided into the processing tank 1 to preheat the inside of the processing tank 1 and the object to be sterilized 4. Of the drain generated by heating with steam, the drain generated in the sterilization mechanism sterilization pipe 20 is returned to the steam generator 2, and the drain generated in the first exhaust pipe 11 is returned to the treatment tank 1 by natural fall. , Processing tank 1
Drain generated inside is accumulated at the bottom of the processing tank 1. The opening degree of the throttle valve 13 is the pressure difference between the steam generator 2 and the processing tank 1, the heating capacity of the heater 3 installed in the steam generator 2, the sterilization mechanism 16 and the sterilization mechanism sterilization. The heat capacity required for heating the working pipe 20 and the first exhaust pipe 11 to the sterilization temperature, the heat capacity lost by heat radiation during sterilization, the heat capacity necessary for preheating the treatment tank 1 and the object to be sterilized 4, and the steam generator. 2 and the amount of supplied water. Further, the throttle valve 13 in the present embodiment is not limited to this, and any valve having a throttle function may be used. The high-pressure steam generated in the steam generator 2 is forced to flow through the sterilization mechanism 16 and the first exhaust pipe 11 for a predetermined time by the above method, and the system is saturated with saturated steam by the throttle valve 13 at a temperature required for sterilization. By maintaining the pressure and the pressure, the inside of the system can be uniformly heated, and the infectious microorganisms captured by the sterilization mechanism 16 during the deaerating process and attached to the first exhaust pipe 11 are surely sterilized. The treatment tank 1 is also preheated, and the first sterilization step is completed.
【0029】次に開閉弁10,15及び6を開いて処理
槽1内に蒸気を供給するとともに、処理槽1内底部に第
1の滅菌工程で溜まった感染性微生物が混入している可
能性のある低温のドレンを戻り配管5を通して蒸気発生
装置2に戻し再加熱滅菌を行う。上記操作において、第
1の滅菌工程において処理槽1と被滅菌物4の予熱を充
分に行う事により、上記操作の切換時の処理槽1と蒸気
発生装置2との圧力差及び温度差により、蒸気発生装置
2内供給水の突沸現像に伴う供給水が飛沫となって処理
槽1に流入する事による、蒸気発生装置2内の液位の著
しい低下が防止出来、液位低下によって発生する蒸気発
生装置2に内設された加熱ヒーター3の過熱によるヒー
ター3の破損を防止する事が出来、又蒸気発生装置2自
体の容量を小さく出来、供給水の加熱時間を短くする事
が出来る。Next, the on-off valves 10, 15 and 6 are opened to supply steam into the processing tank 1, and the infectious microorganisms accumulated in the first sterilization step may be mixed in the bottom of the processing tank 1. A low-temperature drain having a certain temperature is returned to the steam generator 2 through the return pipe 5 and reheat sterilization is performed. In the above operation, by sufficiently preheating the processing tank 1 and the object to be sterilized 4 in the first sterilization step, due to the pressure difference and temperature difference between the processing tank 1 and the steam generator 2 at the time of switching the above operation, It is possible to prevent a significant decrease in the liquid level in the steam generator 2 caused by the supply water accompanying the bumping development of the supply water in the steam generator 2 flowing into the processing tank 1, and the steam generated by the decrease in the liquid level. It is possible to prevent damage to the heater 3 due to overheating of the heater 3 installed inside the generator 2, and also to reduce the capacity of the steam generator 2 itself and shorten the heating time of the supply water.
【0030】次に処理槽1内の温度及び圧力が大気圧の
沸騰温度及び圧力以上で設定付温度指示計43で設定さ
れた滅菌温度以下(本実施例では121℃)の任意の状
態で、所定時間(本実施例では1分)開閉弁14,1
7,41を開き排気装置12を作動させ、処理槽1底部
に溜まった気体を、絞り弁13、除菌機構16及び排気
装置12を経て滅圧、除菌、冷却して大気に放出する。
この操作により昇温期間中に処理槽1内の残留気体が蒸
気と気体との密度差によって、処理槽1の底部に分離し
て溜まった段階で気体を排出する事が出来、本操作を行
なわない場合、場合によっては設定付温度指示計43の
温度検出センサー取付位置の温度が滅菌設定温度(本実
施例では121℃)に到達してから、処理槽1内で気体
が溜まって温度が上がりにくい底部の温度が滅菌設定温
度に到達するのに20分〜30分以上掛かっていたが、
本操作を行う事で、3分〜4分で確実に滅菌温度に到達
出来、短時間に処理槽1内の温度の均一化が出来るよう
になった。Next, in an arbitrary state where the temperature and pressure in the processing tank 1 are equal to or higher than the boiling temperature and pressure of atmospheric pressure and lower than the sterilization temperature set by the temperature indicator with setting 43 (121 ° C. in this embodiment), Open / close valves 14, 1 for a predetermined time (1 minute in this embodiment)
7 and 41 are opened to operate the exhaust device 12, and the gas accumulated in the bottom portion of the processing tank 1 is depressurized, sterilized and cooled through the throttle valve 13, the sterilization mechanism 16 and the exhaust device 12, and is released to the atmosphere.
By this operation, it is possible to discharge the gas when the residual gas in the processing tank 1 is separated and accumulated at the bottom of the processing tank 1 due to the density difference between the vapor and the gas during the temperature rising period, and this operation is performed. If not, in some cases, after the temperature at the temperature detection sensor mounting position of the temperature indicator with setting 43 reaches the sterilization setting temperature (121 ° C. in this embodiment), gas accumulates in the processing tank 1 and the temperature rises. It took 20 to 30 minutes or more for the difficult bottom temperature to reach the sterilization set temperature.
By carrying out this operation, the sterilization temperature can be reliably reached in 3 to 4 minutes, and the temperature in the processing tank 1 can be made uniform in a short time.
【0031】上記第2の排気操作が終了し、設定付温度
指示計43の滅菌温度に、処理槽1内の上記指示計43
の温度検出センサー取付位置の温度が到達してから、所
定時間処理槽1内の温度を上記滅菌温度以上に保持して
第2の滅菌工程が終了する。When the second evacuation operation is completed, the sterilization temperature of the temperature indicator 43 with setting is adjusted to the sterilization temperature of the indicator 43 in the processing tank 1.
After the temperature at the mounting position of the temperature detection sensor reaches, the temperature in the processing tank 1 is maintained at the sterilization temperature or higher for a predetermined time, and the second sterilization step is completed.
【0032】次に開閉弁41を開き、排気装置12を作
動させ開閉弁47及び14を開いて処理槽1内の蒸気
を、絞り弁13及び排気装置12を経て、減圧、冷却し
て放出し、処理槽1内の降圧を行う。本実施例では排気
装置12を通して大気に開放したが、供給水の圧力源が
処理槽1内の圧力より常時高い場合には、上記操作を省
略し、開閉弁33を開いて冷却水を処理槽1に導入して
蒸気を凝縮させ降圧する事が出来るし、時間も短縮され
る。又排気装置12を作動させずに開放させても降圧出
来るが、排出口から高温の蒸気が出て臭いが出るという
問題がある。本実施例の排気装置12は水封式真空ポン
プを使用して封水にて排気蒸気を凝縮冷却し、希釈する
ので、排出口から高温の蒸気を出す事がなく臭気を押さ
える事が出来る。処理槽1内の圧力が大気圧以下になっ
たら、開閉弁14,47を閉じ、排気装置12を停止
し、開閉弁41を閉じる。その後開閉弁33を開いて冷
却水を処理槽1内に導入し、処理槽1と被滅菌物4の冷
却を行う。冷却が始まって処理槽1内の温度が水の大気
圧の沸騰温度以下になってから、開閉弁36を開き、所
定時間経過後開閉弁8を開いて第1の排水管7を通り、
排出マニホールド48より排出する。Next, the on-off valve 41 is opened, the exhaust device 12 is operated and the on-off valves 47 and 14 are opened, and the vapor in the processing tank 1 is depressurized, cooled and discharged through the throttle valve 13 and the exhaust device 12. The pressure in the processing tank 1 is reduced. In this embodiment, the exhaust device 12 was opened to the atmosphere, but when the pressure source of the supply water is always higher than the pressure in the processing tank 1, the above operation is omitted and the opening / closing valve 33 is opened to cool the cooling water. 1 can be introduced to condense the steam and reduce the pressure, and the time can be shortened. Further, the pressure can be reduced even if the exhaust device 12 is opened without being operated, but there is a problem that high-temperature steam is emitted from the exhaust port and an odor is emitted. Since the exhaust device 12 of this embodiment uses a water-sealing type vacuum pump to condense and cool the exhaust steam by sealing water and dilute it, odor can be suppressed without emitting high-temperature steam from the discharge port. When the pressure in the processing tank 1 becomes equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure, the opening / closing valves 14 and 47 are closed, the exhaust device 12 is stopped, and the opening / closing valve 41 is closed. After that, the on-off valve 33 is opened to introduce the cooling water into the treatment tank 1 to cool the treatment tank 1 and the object to be sterilized 4. After cooling starts and the temperature in the treatment tank 1 becomes equal to or lower than the boiling temperature of the atmospheric pressure of water, the opening / closing valve 36 is opened, and after a predetermined time elapses, the opening / closing valve 8 is opened to pass through the first drain pipe 7,
Discharge from the discharge manifold 48.
【0033】上記操作を行うのは、降圧工程で処理槽1
内の圧が下がっても、処理槽内の温度は下がっておら
ず、そこに冷却水を導入すると導入直後は冷却水が加熱
され高圧の蒸気となり、真空解除配管35に逆流して高
温の蒸気が外に出るのを防止するとともに、高温の冷却
水による排出口出口部での蒸気及びそれにともなう臭気
の発生を押さえる為である。処理槽1内が所定の温度ま
で冷却されたら、開閉弁33を閉じ冷却水の供給を停止
し、処理槽1内に溜まった冷却水を排出する為、所定時
間開閉弁8及び36を開放後、同開閉弁を閉じ降圧冷却
工程を終了する。The above operation is carried out in the treatment tank 1 in the step of lowering pressure.
Even if the internal pressure decreases, the temperature in the processing tank does not decrease, and when cooling water is introduced into the processing tank, the cooling water is heated immediately after the introduction into high-pressure steam, and flows back into the vacuum release pipe 35 to generate high-temperature steam. This is to prevent the steam from coming out and to suppress the generation of steam and odor accompanying it at the outlet of the discharge port due to the high temperature cooling water. After the inside of the treatment tank 1 is cooled to a predetermined temperature, the on-off valve 33 is closed to stop the supply of cooling water, and the on-off valves 8 and 36 are opened for a predetermined time in order to discharge the cooling water accumulated in the treatment tank 1. The on-off valve is closed and the step-down cooling process is completed.
【0034】上述の様に構成される本発明の高圧蒸気滅
菌装置と滅菌方法によれば、第1の滅菌工程で処理槽1
内の気体中に含まれる感染性微生物で、除菌機構16部
に捕捉されるか、第1の排気配管11内に附着した物
は、除菌機構16及び第1の排気配管11内に強制的に
蒸気を流し、系内を滅菌に必要な高温高圧に保持し、飽
和蒸気で満し、内部を均一な温度にする事により確実に
滅菌処理され、同時に処理槽1の予熱を行う事が出来
る。又第2の滅菌工程では、排気工程では完全に排出す
る事が出来ない残留気体が、処理槽1の加熱時に蒸気と
分離し、上記処理槽1の底部に溜まった時点で短時間に
除菌機構16を経て排気する事により処理槽1内の加
熱、昇温及び温度の均一化を短時間に行うことができ、
被滅菌物4及び処理槽1の内部に附着した感染性微生物
が確実に滅菌処理される。又上記第1及び第2の滅菌工
程初期に発生する低温のドレンも装置外に排出すること
なく、蒸気発生装置2に自然落下で戻され、再加熱によ
り確実に滅菌処理される。According to the high-pressure steam sterilizer and sterilization method of the present invention configured as described above, the treatment tank 1 is used in the first sterilization step.
The infectious microorganisms contained in the gas in the inside are caught in the disinfection mechanism 16 part or attached to the first exhaust pipe 11 and forced into the disinfection mechanism 16 and the first exhaust pipe 11. It is possible to sterilize reliably by keeping the inside of the system at a high temperature and high pressure necessary for sterilization, filling it with saturated steam, and making the inside a uniform temperature, while preheating the treatment tank 1 at the same time. I can. In the second sterilization step, the residual gas that cannot be completely discharged in the exhaust step is separated from the steam when the treatment tank 1 is heated, and is sterilized in a short time when the residual gas is accumulated at the bottom of the treatment tank 1. By exhausting the gas through the mechanism 16, it is possible to heat, raise the temperature and make the temperature uniform in the processing tank 1 in a short time.
Infectious microorganisms attached to the inside of the sterilized object 4 and the processing tank 1 are sterilized reliably. Further, the low temperature drain generated in the initial stage of the first and second sterilization steps is also returned to the steam generator 2 by a natural drop without being discharged to the outside of the apparatus, and is surely sterilized by reheating.
【0035】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、気体及び
ドレン中に混入した感染性微生物、又被滅菌物及び処理
槽内面、除菌機構及び配管内面に附着した感染性微生物
の滅菌処理を確実に行う事が出来るため、二次感染を確
実に防止することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, sterilization of infectious microorganisms mixed in gas and drain, and sterilization of infectious microorganisms attached to the object to be sterilized and the inner surface of the processing tank, the sterilization mechanism and the inner surface of the pipe. Since the treatment can be reliably performed, secondary infection can be surely prevented.
【図1】本発明の高圧蒸気滅菌装置を示す回路図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a high-pressure steam sterilizer of the present invention.
1 処理槽 2 蒸気発生装置 3 加熱ヒーター 4 被滅菌物 5 戻り配管 6 開閉弁 7 第1の排水配管 8 開閉弁 9 蒸気供給配管 10 開閉弁 11 第1の排気配管 12 排気装置 13 絞り弁 14 開閉弁 15 開閉弁 16 除菌装置 17 開閉弁 18 流量調整弁 19 逆止弁 20 除菌装置滅菌用配管 21 開閉弁 22 供給水配管 23 開閉弁 24 絞り弁 25 第2の排水配管 26 開閉弁 27 液位調節計 28 温度調節計 29 安全弁 30 圧力スイッチ 31 圧力スイッチ 32 冷却水配管 33 開閉弁 34 絞り弁 35 真空解除配管 36 開閉弁 37 絞り弁 38 フィルター 39 第2の排気配管 40 封水配管 41 開閉弁 42 絞り弁 43 設定付温度指示計 44 圧力スイッチ 45 圧力スイッチ 46 バイパス配管 47 開閉弁 48 排出マニホールド DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Treatment tank 2 Steam generator 3 Heater 4 Object to be sterilized 5 Return pipe 6 Open / close valve 7 First drainage pipe 8 Open / close valve 9 Steam supply pipe 10 Open / close valve 11 First exhaust pipe 12 Exhaust device 13 Throttle valve 14 Open / close Valve 15 Open / close valve 16 Sterilization device 17 Open / close valve 18 Flow control valve 19 Check valve 20 Sterilization device sterilization pipe 21 Open / close valve 22 Supply water pipe 23 Open / close valve 24 Throttle valve 25 Second drainage pipe 26 Open / close valve 27 Liquid Position controller 28 Temperature controller 29 Safety valve 30 Pressure switch 31 Pressure switch 32 Cooling water pipe 33 On-off valve 34 Throttle valve 35 Vacuum release pipe 36 On-off valve 37 Throttle valve 38 Filter 39 Second exhaust pipe 40 Seal water pipe 41 On-off valve 42 Throttle valve 43 Temperature indicator with setting 44 Pressure switch 45 Pressure switch 46 Bypass piping 47 Open / close valve 48 Discharge In manifold
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 藤平 和孝 神奈川県相模原市大山町1番30号 日本金 属工業株式会社相模原製造所内 (72)発明者 幸村 喜三郎 愛知県海部郡弥富町大字鯏浦字西前新田86 −12番地 (72)発明者 浅岡 敏郎 愛知県犬山市大字橋爪字万願寺51番地の46 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazutaka Fujihira 1-30 Oyama-cho, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa Nippon Metal Industry Co., Ltd. Sagamihara Factory (72) Inventor Kisaburo Yukimura Yatomi-cho, Kaifu-gun, Aichi Prefecture Mae Nitta 86-12 (72) Inventor Toshiro Asaoka 46, 51, Manganji, Hashizume, Inuyama, Aichi
Claims (4)
在な処理槽と、この処理槽に溜まったドレンが自然落下
で戻る様な位置に設置されて内部に高温高圧蒸気発生の
為の加熱ヒーターを有する蒸気発生装置と、処理槽底部
に溜まったドレンを前記蒸気発生装置に戻す為の戻り配
管と、前記蒸気発生装置で発生させた蒸気を前記処理槽
に供給するための蒸気供給配管と、前記処理槽及び蒸気
発生装置内の気体を排気する為の排気手段と、その排気
手段を構成する排気配管の途中に設けられて前記排気中
の菌を除菌する為の除菌機構と、この除菌機構の滅菌の
為に前記蒸気発生装置で発生させた高温高圧の蒸気を除
菌機構に供給する為の手段と、除菌機構をバイパスして
排気するバイパス配管とを備えたことを特徴とする高圧
蒸気滅菌装置。1. A treatment tank which can be hermetically sealed with a substance to be sterilized inside, and a drain which collects in the treatment tank and is set at a position where the drain can be returned by a natural fall to generate high temperature and high pressure steam inside. A steam generator having a heater, a return pipe for returning the drain accumulated at the bottom of the processing tank to the steam generator, and a steam supply pipe for supplying the steam generated by the steam generator to the processing tank An exhaust means for exhausting the gas in the processing tank and the steam generator, and a disinfection mechanism for disinfecting the bacteria in the exhaust provided in the middle of an exhaust pipe constituting the exhaust means. A means for supplying high temperature and high pressure steam generated by the steam generator to the sterilization mechanism for sterilization of the sterilization mechanism, and a bypass pipe for exhausting the sterilization mechanism by bypassing it. A high-pressure steam sterilizer.
手段において、蒸気発生装置から見て、除菌機構の下流
側の排気配管の途中に開閉弁を並列に配置するととも
に、その一方の開閉弁と直列に絞り機構を配置し、この
開閉弁を選択的に切換える様にして上記絞り機構により
系内に強制的に蒸気を流す様にし、又系内を高温高圧に
保持出来、処理槽の充分な予熱が行なえる機構とした事
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の高圧蒸気滅菌装置。2. In the means for sterilizing the disinfection mechanism with high-temperature high-pressure steam, on-off valves are arranged in parallel in the exhaust pipe downstream of the disinfection mechanism as seen from the steam generator, and one of the A throttling mechanism is arranged in series with the on-off valve, and the on-off valve is selectively switched so that steam is forced to flow into the system by the throttling mechanism, and the inside of the system can be maintained at high temperature and high pressure. 2. The high-pressure steam sterilizer according to claim 1, which has a mechanism capable of performing sufficient preheating.
槽を密封した後、処理槽内及び蒸気発生装置内の気体
を、除菌機構を通して排出するとともに、蒸気発生装置
内供給水の予備加熱及び脱気を行う脱気工程と、この脱
気工程に続き、上記除菌機構内に高温高圧の蒸気を強制
的に流通させるとともに、この除菌機構内を高温高圧の
状態に維持することにより、蒸気処理槽の予熱を行う第
1の滅菌工程と、この第1の滅菌工程に続き、上記処理
槽内に高温高圧の蒸気を送りこんで、この処理槽内を高
温高圧の状態に維持する第2の滅菌工程と、この第2の
滅菌工程に続き、上記処理槽内の高温高圧の蒸気を排気
管を通して滅圧・冷却して放出し上記処理槽内の圧力を
降圧し、冷却水を導入して上記処理槽内を冷却する降圧
・冷却工程とから成る、高圧蒸気滅菌方法。3. A sterilizing object is housed in a treatment tank, the treatment tank is sealed, and then the gas in the treatment tank and in the steam generator is discharged through a sterilization mechanism, and the supply water in the steam generator is supplied. Degassing step of preheating and degassing, and following this degassing step, the high temperature and high pressure steam is forced to flow through the sterilization mechanism, and the sterilization mechanism is maintained at high temperature and high pressure. By performing the first sterilization step of preheating the steam treatment tank, and following this first sterilization step, high temperature and high pressure steam is fed into the treatment tank to bring the inside of the treatment tank to a high temperature and high pressure state. A second sterilization step of maintaining, and subsequent to this second sterilization step, high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the processing tank is decompressed and cooled through an exhaust pipe to be discharged, and the pressure in the processing tank is reduced to cool. It consists of a step-down / cooling process in which water is introduced to cool the inside of the processing tank. , High-pressure steam sterilization method.
処理槽内の温度及び圧力が大気圧下での水の沸騰温度及
び飽和圧力以上で滅菌温度以下の任意の状態に到達した
時点で、所定時間上記処理槽底部に溜まった気体を排気
管及び除菌機構を通して排出し、その後上記処理槽内を
高温高圧の状態に維持する様にした請求項3に記載の高
圧蒸気滅菌方法。4. High-temperature and high-pressure steam is fed into the processing tank,
When the temperature and pressure in the treatment tank reaches an arbitrary state that is equal to or higher than the boiling temperature and saturation pressure of water under atmospheric pressure and equal to or lower than the sterilization temperature, the gas accumulated at the bottom of the treatment tank for a predetermined time is exhausted and removed. The high-pressure steam sterilization method according to claim 3, wherein the high-pressure steam sterilization is performed by discharging the bacteria through a bacterial mechanism and then maintaining the inside of the processing tank at a high temperature and high pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4357050A JPH06190024A (en) | 1992-12-22 | 1992-12-22 | Method and apparatus for high-pressure steam sterilization |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4357050A JPH06190024A (en) | 1992-12-22 | 1992-12-22 | Method and apparatus for high-pressure steam sterilization |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH06190024A true JPH06190024A (en) | 1994-07-12 |
Family
ID=18452129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP4357050A Pending JPH06190024A (en) | 1992-12-22 | 1992-12-22 | Method and apparatus for high-pressure steam sterilization |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH06190024A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002095723A (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-02 | Iwatani Internatl Corp | Vapor sterilizer and vapor sterilizing method |
KR100342058B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-06-27 | 서우원 | sterilization facilities |
JP2004089563A (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-03-25 | Chiyoda Manufacturing Co Ltd | Sterilizing apparatus |
JP2009297055A (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-24 | Tetsuo Masui | Apparatus for sterilizing infectious waste |
CN113633792A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-12 | 冰山松洋生物科技(大连)有限公司 | Sterilizer exhaust treatment device with biological emission safety and working method thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-12-22 JP JP4357050A patent/JPH06190024A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100342058B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-06-27 | 서우원 | sterilization facilities |
JP2002095723A (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-02 | Iwatani Internatl Corp | Vapor sterilizer and vapor sterilizing method |
JP2004089563A (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-03-25 | Chiyoda Manufacturing Co Ltd | Sterilizing apparatus |
JP2009297055A (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-24 | Tetsuo Masui | Apparatus for sterilizing infectious waste |
CN113633792A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-12 | 冰山松洋生物科技(大连)有限公司 | Sterilizer exhaust treatment device with biological emission safety and working method thereof |
CN113633792B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2023-03-24 | 冰山松洋生物科技(大连)有限公司 | Sterilizer exhaust treatment device with biological emission safety and working method thereof |
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