JPH0618948U - Friction test device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The test pieces 1 and 2 are intensively and efficiently heated in a short time so that the bearings do not become hot. A friction test device for sliding contact between a rotating test piece 2 and a non-rotating test piece 1 in a high temperature state, comprising:
Form a space 1h at the center of at least one of the test pieces,
The heat was generated in this space 1h. Examples of heat generating means include electromagnetic induction heating and infrared light focusing.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a friction test device for investigating properties such as friction and wear in a high temperature state.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 FIG. 3 shows a conventional friction test device. A thick disk-shaped fixed test piece with a hollowed-out central portion is fixedly supported by a circular tubular fixed shaft 3, and a rotary test piece 2 of the same shape is fixed on a rotary shaft 4 passing through the center wire. It is supported via 42. The closed container 5 is provided so as to surround them, and all of them are put in an electric heating furnace 69. The electric heating furnace 69 is energized and heated, the rotary shaft 4 is rotated, and the sliding contact surface 1s of the fixed test piece 1 and the sliding contact surface 2s of the rotating test piece 2 are brought into pressure contact with each other to perform a test in a high temperature state. Investigate the properties such as friction and wear of the pieces.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 Although the conventional friction test apparatus is as described above, the heat emitted from the electric heating furnace 69 reaches the test pieces 1 and 2 through the air outside the closed container 5, the closed container 5 and the gas inside the closed container 5. However, since much heat is wasted, it takes time, and the entire test equipment is heated, the length of the rotating shaft 4 is lengthened so that the bearings are located at the lower positions in the figure, and at the middle part. There was a problem that it was necessary to provide a cooling device.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to efficiently heat a test piece in a concentrated manner in a short time so that a bearing or the like does not reach a high temperature.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The friction test device according to the present invention is a friction test device for investigating properties such as friction and wear by contacting and sliding a rotating thick disc-shaped test piece and a non-rotating thick disc-shaped test piece in a high temperature state. That is, a space is formed in at least one of the center portions of the test pieces, and heat is generated in the space. As one means of this heat generation, a ferromagnetic material is installed in the space, a high frequency coil is installed so as to surround the circumference of the test piece, and a high frequency power supply device for supplying a high frequency current to the high frequency coil is provided. It is a thing. As another means of heat generation, a spheroidal reflector is installed so that one focus is located in the space, and an infrared lamp is installed on the other focus of the spheroidal mirror. is there.

[0006]

[Action]

 Since the heat generating part of the friction test device in this invention is in the space formed in the center of the test piece, the heat generated in this space directly heats only the surrounding test piece and the temperature of the test piece. Raise. Therefore, even if the temperature of the test piece is raised, the temperature of the parts other than the test piece does not become too high, and the bearing is not adversely affected by heat. The ferromagnetic material provided in this space, which is one means of heat generation, generates heat due to the current generated by electromagnetic induction when a high-frequency current is passed through the high-frequency coil around it. If an infrared lamp, which is another means of heat generation, is turned on, the infrared rays emitted from the infrared lamp located at one focus of the spheroidal reflector will be reflected by the spheroidal reflector and will be tested. The test piece is heated by focusing on the other focus in the space at the center of the piece.

[0007]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a fixed test piece, 2 is a rotary test piece, 3 is a fixed shaft, 4 is a rotary shaft, and 5 is a closed container. The fixed test piece 1 and the rotary test piece 2 are test objects made of materials such as ceramics and austenitic stainless steel that are resistant to wear at high temperatures, and are thick disk-shaped with a hole in the center. Alternatively, it is formed in a short cylindrical shape. The sliding contact surface 1 s on the lower surface of the fixed test piece 1 and the sliding contact surface 2 s on the upper surface of the rotating test piece 2 are rotatively slid while being pressed against each other with a predetermined strength, and the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 are Investigate properties such as friction and wear.

In FIG. 1, the material of the fixed shaft 3 is a non-magnetic material such as austenitic stainless steel, and the shape of the fixed shaft 3 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameters of the fixed test piece 1 and the rotary test piece 2. The test piece support portion 3t, which has a circular tubular shape and is formed so as to project inward at the upper end, suppresses the upper peripheral portion of the fixed test piece 1 and prevents the fixed test piece 1 from rotating. The lower surface of the supporting portion 3t and the peripheral portion of the upper surface of the fixed test piece 1 are engaged or adhered with each other with a large frictional force. Below the fixed shaft 3 in the drawing, a load means (not shown) for pulling down the fixed shaft 3 with a predetermined force is provided.

In FIG. 1, the rotary shaft 4 is also made of a non-magnetic material such as austenitic stainless steel, the rotary shaft 4 has a rod shape, and a disc-shaped test piece support 4 t at the upper end. Are formed. The upper surface of the test piece support portion 4t receives and supports the lower surface of the rotary test piece 2, and the upper surface of the test piece support portion 4t and the lower surface of the rotary test piece 2 are also engaged or attached with a large frictional force. The rotating shaft 4 and the rotating test piece 2 do not move relative to each other. Below the rotary shaft 4 in the drawing, a radial bearing (not shown) that rotatably supports the rotary shaft 4, a thrust bearing, and a rotary drive means (not shown) that rotates the rotary shaft 4 at a predetermined speed are provided.

In FIG. 1, the closed container 5 is also made of a non-magnetic material such as austenitic stainless steel. This test device is enclosed and protected, and a predetermined gas is sealed in a high temperature gas. It is also possible to check the friction and wear properties.

In FIG. 1, in the central spaces 1h and 2h formed in the central portions of the fixed test piece 1 and the rotary test piece 2, a ferromagnetic material made of a ferromagnetic material such as martensitic stainless steel is used. A body 61 is installed. Further, a high-frequency coil 62 formed by winding a copper tube is installed outside the closed container 5 in the radial direction of the fixed test piece 1 and the rotary test piece 2. Cooling water is made to flow into the high frequency coil 62 from a water supply device (not shown). Further, a high frequency power supply device (not shown) for generating high frequency power by an inverter device is provided, and the high frequency coil 62 is connected to the high frequency output of this high frequency power supply device.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described. When a high-frequency current is supplied to the high-frequency coil 62 from a high-frequency power supply device (not shown) while cooling water is being supplied to the high-frequency coil 62, the fixed test piece 1, the rotating test piece 2, the fixed shaft 3, the rotating shaft 4 and the hermetically sealed container are provided. Although 5 is a non-magnetic material, but the ferromagnetic material 61 is a ferromagnetic material, a high-frequency alternating current flows only in the ferromagnetic material 61 by electromagnetic induction, and only the ferromagnetic material 61 generates heat. Since the ferromagnetic body 61 is installed in the central spaces 1h and 2h formed in the central portions of the test pieces 1 and 2, most of the heat emitted from the ferromagnetic body 61 that has become hot due to heat generation. Is transferred to the test pieces 1 and 2 and heated. In this way, the test pieces 1 and 2 are heated to a predetermined high temperature state by being heated by the ferromagnetic material 61 that generates heat by electromagnetic induction. Further, the rotary test piece 2 is rotated at a predetermined speed via the rotary shaft 4 by a rotary drive device (not shown), and the fixed test piece 1 is pulled down by a predetermined force via the fixed shaft 3 by a load device (not shown). Then, the sliding contact surface 1s of the fixed test piece 1 and the sliding contact surface 2s of the rotating test piece 2 are brought into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure and are rotationally slid at a predetermined speed. Thus, the properties of the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 at high temperature such as friction and wear are investigated.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the heating of the test pieces 1 and 2 is carried out in comparison with the conventional heating means in which the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 are dissipated in a large amount of heat without being heated. The fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 can be heated much more efficiently and within a short time, and the test can be performed in a short time. In addition, since the components other than the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 are secondarily heated by a small part of the heat emitted from the ferromagnetic body 61 and the heat generated from the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2. Even if the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 are heated to a high temperature, the rotating shaft 4 extending downward does not reach such a high temperature. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the heat from adversely affecting the bearings and the rotation driving device that support the rotation of the rotary shaft 4. Further, since the upper portions of the test pieces 1 and 2 are enclosed by the dome-shaped closed container 5, heat loss is small. If the test piece 1 or 2 is a strong magnetic material, the test piece itself generates heat by electromagnetic induction, but since this test piece is usually non-magnetic, it is necessary to install the ferromagnetic material 61 as described above. is there.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be described. Also in FIG. 2, the fixed test piece 1, the rotary test piece 2, the fixed shaft 3, and the rotary shaft 4 have the same material, shape, structure, and function as those described with reference to FIG. However, a large opening is formed in the center of the upper end surface of the fixed shaft 3, and a central space 1h is formed in the center of the fixed test piece 1 as in FIG. However, the rotating test piece 2 does not have a central hole. In addition, the closed container 5 in FIG. 2 is made entirely of English glass, or the spherical portion of the upper end thereof. In the friction test apparatus shown in FIG. 2, a rotating ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 67 is provided above the closed container 5, and an infrared lamp 66 is provided at one focus position of the spheroidal ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 67. . The installation position of the spheroidal reflecting mirror 67 is set so that the position of the other focal point of the spheroidal reflecting mirror 67 is approximately the center of the central space 1h of the fixed test piece 1.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be described. The fixed shaft 3 fixes the fixed test piece 1 and holds it down to the rotating test piece 2, and the rotating shaft 4 rotates the rotating test piece 2 so that the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 are kept at a predetermined pressure. The properties of friction and wear are examined in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. 1 by pressing and rotating and sliding at a predetermined speed. Regarding the heating of the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2, if the infrared lamp 66 is turned on, infrared rays are radiated from the infrared lamp 66 all around, but the infrared lamp 66 is one focus of the spheroidal reflector 67. Since the infrared rays emitted from the infrared lamp 66 hit the surface of the spheroidal reflector 67, the infrared rays radiate from the infrared lamp 66, and all the reflected infrared rays are reflected by the other side of the spheroidal reflector 67. Pass through the focus. That is, most of the infrared rays emitted from the infrared lamp 66 are concentrated on the other focus of the spheroidal reflecting mirror 67. Since the spheroidal reflecting mirror 67 is installed so that the other focus of the spheroidal reflecting mirror 67 is located in the central space 1h of the fixed test piece 1, the infrared rays emitted from the infrared lamp 66 are Almost all will be concentrated in the central space 1h of the fixed test piece 1, and the peripheral wall and the bottom surface of the central space 1h of the fixed test piece 1 will be heated. That is, the infrared rays emitted from the infrared lamp 66 heat the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 from the center. As described above, also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, since the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 are heated from the center, even if the fixed test piece 1 and the rotating test piece 2 are heated to a high temperature, the rotating shaft No. 4 etc. does not get too hot and does not adversely affect the bearings, rotary drive device, etc. with heat.

In FIG. 2, a large amount of infrared rays can be absorbed by coloring the peripheral wall and the bottom surface of the central space 1h of the fixed test piece 1 black. Since the central space 1h of the fixed test piece 1 is concave, infrared rays can be absorbed with an efficiency close to that of a pseudo black body. Since at least the upper end of the closed container 5 is made of quartz glass, it does not hinder the transmission of infrared rays, and since quartz glass has high heat resistance, it can withstand high temperatures. Moreover, since it is quartz glass, the state of the test piece can be observed from the outside even during the test.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the rotary test piece 2 does not have a central space. This is to reduce the amount of heat transferred to the rotating shaft 4, but if an appropriate recess is formed in the center of the upper surface of the rotating test piece 2, heating can be performed more efficiently and the temperature can be raised. Also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, if the upper surface of the central space 1h of the fixed test piece 1 is closed or the central space 1h is not opened, the heating is further efficiently performed to raise the temperature. be able to.

In the above embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating and the infrared focusing heating are shown as the heat generating means, but an electric heater can be installed in the central space of the test piece as a simple heat generating means. The above embodiment shows means for obtaining a high temperature state which is difficult with an electric heater.

[0019]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, since the heat is generated in the space formed in the center of the test piece, the test piece can be efficiently heated in a short time and the test piece can be heated to a high temperature. However, bearings can be tested without the temperature getting too high.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 shows a friction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a vertical sectional view and (B) is a horizontal sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a friction test device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional friction test device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Fixed test piece, 1h: Central space, 1s: Sliding contact surface, 2: Rotating test piece, 2h: Central space, 2s: Sliding contact surface, 3: Fixed shaft, 4: Rotating shaft, 5: Airtight container , 6
1: Ferromagnetic material, 62: High frequency coil, 66: Infrared lamp, 67: Spherical reflector.

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A friction test apparatus for investigating properties such as friction and wear by contacting and sliding a rotating thick disc-shaped test piece and a non-rotating thick disc-shaped test piece in a high temperature state, and at least one of them. A friction test apparatus, characterized in that a space is formed in the center of the test piece, and heat is generated in this space. 2. A friction test apparatus for investigating properties such as friction and wear by contacting and sliding a rotating thick disk-shaped test piece and a non-rotating thick disk-shaped test piece in a high temperature state, at least one of which is provided. A space is formed in the center of the test piece, a ferromagnetic material is installed in the space, a high frequency coil is installed so as to surround the circumference of the test piece, and a high frequency power source for supplying a high frequency current to the high frequency coil is installed. A friction test device characterized by being provided with a device. 3. A friction test device for investigating properties such as friction and wear by contacting and sliding a rotating thick disc-shaped test piece and a non-rotating thick disc-shaped test piece in a high temperature state, at least one of A space is formed at the center of the test piece, a spheroidal reflector is installed so that one focus is located in this space, and an infrared lamp is installed at the other focus of the spheroidal mirror. A friction test device characterized by the above.