JPH06183569A - Delivery method and receipt method for scrap in automation of scrap yard - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform high-efficient delivery of a large quantity of scraps and receipt of the scraps to respective pits by automating delivery and receipt of the scraps through imparting addresses in a scrap yard. CONSTITUTION:A scrap yard Y is divided or partitioned into some numbers of pits P to form large addresses N. The interior of each pit P marked with the large address N is divided into some number's f small addresses (n). Scraps are delivered in a plane-form state classified by the pit P of the assigned large address within the pit P, in order, according to the assigned small address of a specified route. When delivery of the scraps is completed, it is confirmed whether a scrap receipt command is transmitted. When the receipt command is transmitted, the scraps are received in a plane-form manner within the pit P and classified by the pit P of the assigned large address N according to the same assigned small address as a delivery route in a remaining time before a next scrap delivery time is started.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of delivering and receiving scrap in automation of a scrap yard,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for automatically controlling scrap dispensing and receipt.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a general scrap yard in an electric furnace factory has piled up scraps of each brand at a predetermined place on the ground or a plurality of brands in piles in each pit separated by brand. Are storing scraps.

The scrap stored in each pit is discharged by a lifting magnet crane (hereinafter referred to as
An operator manually operates a riff mag crane to load the scraps in each pit into a scrap bucket or the like according to a predetermined loading sequence. This operation is performed by the operator's delicate manual operation, and the accuracy is also adjusted by the operator's intuition.

On the other hand, the scrap accepted in the scrap yard is usually transported from the city to a scrap yard by a long body vehicle owned by a scrap trader, and thereafter, by using a riff mag crane or the like on the ground or in the yard as described above. It is put down in a special pit and stored in a large pile.

The riff mag crane used for receiving the above is also used as a crane for discharging scraps to a scrap box for charging an electric furnace, or is a receiving-only crane that runs on the same traveling garter. Is common.

As a conventional technique of this type, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
Although there is Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-193888, the invention described in this publication relates to a method for controlling a press machine or the like in a scrap yard, and does not relate to a method for delivering and receiving scrap in the present invention.

[0007]

By the way, in recent years, the electric furnace operation tends to process a large amount of scrap in a short time every year, so that it is necessary to discharge and receive a large amount of scrap in a short time. In other words, in recent scrap yards, it is necessary to efficiently dispense and accept scraps of multiple brands.

However, as described above, conventionally, scraps of a plurality of brands are piled up in a predetermined place on the ground, or piles of scraps are stored in piles in each pit divided by brand, so that the riff mag crane is used. When scraps are hoisted using a more efficient grab bucket and loaded into a transfer bucket, the grab bucket tilts due to the existence of large scrap peaks and valleys, making it impossible to grasp the scrap sufficiently. It was difficult to handle the typical scrap.

On the other hand, the acceptance of scraps and the sharing of the discharging crane are possible when the operating time (TAP TO TAP) of the electric furnace is long, but when the operating time is being shortened as at present, it is time-consuming. Due to restrictions, they have to be separate cranes. Even in this case, as long as they are on the same traveling girder, the scrap receiving work cannot always be performed due to the interference with the delivery crane to the electric furnace charging basket. Therefore, it is necessary to sew the scrap crane work in between to perform the scrap receiving work. Therefore, there is a limit to the scrap acceptance time and thus the scrap acceptance amount.

Further, since all of these operations are manual operations by the operator's judgment, they are greatly influenced by the skill of the operator.

On the other hand, the scrap yard has a bad working environment, and on the other hand, since there is a tendency to accept or discharge a large amount of scrap, the demand for automation of the scrap yard is being strengthened. It was a very complicated and difficult factor to automate.

Therefore, according to the present invention, a large amount of scrap can be efficiently discharged and received in each pit by assigning addresses to the scrap yard and automatically performing the discharging and receiving of scrap according to a common fixed route. The purpose is to provide a method of delivering and receiving scrap.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a method for discharging scrap according to the present invention is such that a scrap yard is divided into or divided into several pits, and a large address is assigned to each pit. Each of the attached pits is further attached with some small addresses, and scraps are sequentially discharged in a planar manner for each pit of a designated large address according to a designated small address of a specified route in the pit. To do.

Further, in the scrap receiving method of the present invention, the scrap yard is divided into or divided into a number of pits, and a large address is assigned to each pit. In addition, when the scrap delivery is completed, it is confirmed whether or not there is a scrap acceptance command, and if there is a acceptance command, the pits will be returned to each pit of the designated large address within the remaining time until the next scrap delivery time. It is characterized in that scraps are sequentially received in a planar manner in accordance with designated small addresses on a specified route.

[0015]

According to the above-mentioned discharging method of the present invention, for each large address of the pits formed by dividing or partitioning the scrap yard, scraps are sequentially and planarly discharged according to a fixed route by the small addresses provided in the pits. As it goes, the scrap in the pit will be paid out flatly from the top to the bottom.

Further, according to the receiving method of the present invention, the presence or absence of the scrap acceptance command is confirmed at the time when the scrap dispensing is completed, and if there is the acceptance command, the scrap is sent within the remaining time until the next scrap dispensing time. For each large pit address formed by dividing or partitioning the yard, scraps are sequentially and planarly received according to a fixed route by the small addresses attached to the pits, and the remaining time until the acceptance command or the next scrap payout time is insufficient. If you do, do not accept scrap.

In this way, for each large address of each pit that divides or partitions the scrap yard, the scrap is sequentially discharged and received in a planar manner in accordance with a fixed route by the small addresses attached to the pits. The number of valleys is reduced, and efficient automatic dispensing and receiving of scrap becomes possible.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial plan view showing an embodiment of a scrap yard.
Has a plurality of pits P arranged in parallel for storing scrap, a crane facility C traveling on the scrap yard Y, and a scrap box 5 for transporting the scrap discharged by the crane facility C. The truck 4 and the scrap receiving facility S provided at the end of the scrap yard Y are largely configured. Further, the scrap receiving facility S has a riff mag crane 11 for lowering scrap carried in by a long body vehicle or the like.
And a plurality of receiving boxes 12 for temporarily receiving the scrap are arranged.

The construction of the crane equipment C will be described in detail with reference to the side view shown in FIG. 2. On the traveling girder 10 which can be traversed on the scrap yard Y, a traveling body which can travel on the scrap yard Y is freely movable. 1 is provided,
The traveling body 1 has a trolley 2a of a bucket crane 2 having a grab bucket 2b for discharging scrap.
And a trolley 3a of a box crane 3 having an elevating hook 3b for receiving scrap, and one crane equipment C can perform two operations, a scrap discharging operation and a scrap receiving operation. These are provided so as to be able to travel in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the traveling body 1, and are configured so that they can be freely moved to any place in the pit P provided in the scrap yard Y. Further, a carriage 4 that can travel parallel to the traveling direction of the traveling body 1 is provided, and a scrap box 5 is mounted on the carriage 4.

The scrap yard Y constructed in this way
In FIG. 1, a large address N is attached to the position of the one-dot chain line shown in FIG. 1, and this large address N is, for example, by attaching consecutive numbers from the end to I, II, III ... As shown in the drawing. A plurality of pits P are formed. This pit P may be stored for each of a plurality of brands, or the same brand may be stored for a plurality of pits P. In this embodiment, the pit P partitioned by the solid line 9 stores scraps of different brands. The scraps of different brands are stored in Pit I and Pits II, III ... The size of the glove bucket 2b is determined by the size of the grab bucket 2b, and the glove bucket 2b is determined to have the most efficient width dimension for paying out.

The large address N is added to determine the traveling position of the crane 1 by a signal from the control device. The large address N and the scrap brand of the large address N are input to the control device in advance. Has been done.

In this embodiment, a partition plate 6 for partitioning the pits P as shown in the plan view of FIG. 3 is provided in the pit P with a large address N. In this embodiment, the partition plate 6 is provided between the pits P to partition the scraps completely. However, when there is no particular need, the partition plate 6 is not provided and a virtual address is provided. You may make it attach only. When the partition plate 6 is provided, the partition structure is preferably a replaceable concrete plate or a welded structure plate in order to facilitate installation space and replacement when damaged.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4A which is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4B which is a plan view, the pit P has a small address n for dividing the vertical / horizontal direction into a plurality of parts. This small address n is obtained by dividing the inside of the pit P into a certain unit handling area, and is the most efficient dimension for the grab bucket 2b to carry out or receive the same as the above-mentioned large address N. Has been decided. In addition, R shows an example of a prescribed route at the time of acceptance / payment.

As described above, in the present invention, all the pits P in the yard Y are assigned a large address and a small number, so that all the pits P in the yard are managed by the control device using a computer or the like. . That is, in this embodiment, the pits P of each brand in the scrap yard Y are partitioned at regular intervals to give a large address, and the partition has a smaller address.

The scrap discharging method according to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure is shown in FIG. 1, which is a partial plan view of the scrap yard, a sectional side view of the scrap yard shown in FIG. 2, and a pit side shown in FIG. 4 (a). A detailed description will be given based on cross-sectional views. In the following description, the case where the scrap is discharged from the pit P of the large address II will be described as an example.

First, when the scrap issuing command is issued from the control device, the traveling body 1 travels to the pit P of the designated large address II, and at the same time, the scrap box 5 reaches the same large address II position as the traveling body 1. The trolley 4 equipped with is driven. Then, the scrap payout is started in the grab bucket 2b.

This payout is carried out sequentially from the small address shown in FIG.
.. are sequentially delivered for the first-time payout scraps 7 of the odd-numbered small addresses, and then the next-time-out payout scraps 8 for the even-numbered small addresses are sequentially issued.

Further, when the scrap is dispensed by the grab bucket, it is carried out in the unit of partition in the pit of each brand with a large address, and further, every time when the scrap is loaded, the scrap is carried out by flatly traveling in accordance with the specified route in the unit of small address. As a result, the scraps in the pit P are eventually dispensed from the top to the bottom.

Particularly, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Since the second scrap discharge plane and the second scrap discharge plane are controlled so as to be shifted by a half pitch from the handling pitch of the grab bucket that was discharged the first time, the scrap peaks and valleys can be further reduced and the gripping capacity (volume of the grab bucket can be reduced). It is possible to reduce the dispersion of (efficiency) and pay out scraps stably.

Further, since the partition plate 6 is provided between the pits P in this embodiment, it is possible to further prevent the scrap from collapsing when the scrap is discharged. Therefore, always handle the grab bucket 2b in a horizontal state. The scrap can be efficiently paid out. Even if the partition plate 6 is not provided, scrap is discharged in a plane, so that the load does not collapse.

Note that the scraps can be reduced in a unit of small address n, for example, in a planar manner as in the lateral traveling regulation route R shown in FIG. Since it is possible to accept scraps, which will be described later, by receiving flatly in units of small address n,
The peaks and valleys of the scrap stored in the pit P can be reduced, and handling becomes easier even with a riff mag crane in addition to the grab crane.

On the other hand, the surface detection at the time of discharging the scrap is performed by the load cell 2c as a detection means installed on the grab bucket suspension hook of the crane when the grab bucket 2b is lowered. That is, since the load cell 2c detects no load when the grab bucket 2b lands on the surface of the scrap, surface detection is performed as landing of the scrap on the mountain surface at this time. Therefore, the grab bucket 2b
The grab claw is opened at the same time as the descent, the grab claw is closed at the same time as the scrap surface landing is detected, and the scrap is grabbed. .

The bottom of the pit P is detected by a signal of the raising / lowering end of the winding device in the trolley 2a of the bucket crane 2 and the no-load detection of the load cell 2c provided at the attachment part of the grab bucket 2b of the bucket crane 2. By performing bottom detection on all the small addresses in the partition of the pit P, it is determined that the large address of the partition pit becomes an empty pit. The load cell 2c is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the load.

Then, by this empty signal, the bucket crane 2 moves to the adjacent pit III, and the next scrap is discharged. By displaying the empty pit signal for each unit of the large address N on the CRT connected to the control device, it can be used as a signal for accepting scraps to the empty pit large address.

In addition, the trolley 2a of the bucket crane 2
By mounting a lift detection device on the inner winding device, the scrap stock amount in each pit P is always displayed in real time on the CRT from the lift of the winding device. By doing so, the scrap stock amount can always be easily grasped. Not only that, but it is possible to re-examine the plan of the scrap carry-in schedule that matches the CRT display, or the more efficient receipt and delivery of scrap, so that the economical scrap storage amount and pit capacity can be re-examined. can do.

On the other hand, the acceptance of scraps into the scrap yard Y, as described above, tends to process as many scraps as possible in a short time in the current electric furnace operation, so that the scrap consumption amount is large and, of course, the scraps are consumed. Carrying in to the yard is also frequent. This delivery is
For example, the above embodiment shows an example in which scrap of 25 to 30 TON long body vehicles can be accepted at intervals of 3 to 5 minutes. The scraps are temporarily loaded on the spot by a riff mag crane or a special grab bucket into a receiving box exclusively for bottom opening and closing type scraps, and the scraps are temporarily held in the scraps receiving equipment S for a short time. Then, during the scrap payout process described above, a scrap acceptance command is issued based on the data displayed on the CRT.

The acceptance of this scrap will be described in detail with reference to the side sectional view showing the scrap yard of FIG. 2 and the flowchart of the acceptance method shown in FIG.

That is, during the scrap paying-out process, a scrap acceptance command is issued, and based on the empty pit address in the scrap yard displayed on the CRT of the control device, the address of the receiving box to be handled and the large address of the pit to be received. And a small address is specified (a).

When the scrap payout process from the pit P to the scrap box 5 on the truck 4 is completed.
(b) Calculate the remaining time by subtracting the automatic loading real time from the specified electric furnace operating time (TAP TO TAP) (c).

After that, first, the presence or absence of a scrap acceptance command is confirmed (d). If there is a command, the acceptance standard required time for one command is calculated (e), and within the remaining time calculated in (c) above. Check if it can be processed (f). If it can be processed, the crane equipment travels to the address of the specified receiving box based on the command (g), the receiving box 12 is lifted by the hook 3b of the box crane 3 (h), and specified in (a) above. Run to the address of scrap pit P and wind down (i).

During this winding, the receiving box 12 is decelerated to a minimum speed from a certain height higher than the previous ground contact point of the scrap pile surface until the receiving box 12 reaches the pit bottom or the scrap pile surface. The ground contact of the scrap pile surface of the receiving box 12 is determined by the no-load detection of the load cell 3c, which is the detecting means provided on the shaft of the hook 3b. And
By this no-load detection, the receiving box 12 is rolled up, the hinged opening / closing bottom plate of the receiving box 12 is opened, and scrap is put into the pit P (j). Therefore, after the receiving box 12 is grounded on the surface of the scrap pile, the receiving box 12 is rolled up and the scrap is put into the pit P, so that the noise and dust at the time of putting the scrap can be suppressed as much as possible and the scrap can be stored in the pit P. .

After the acceptance work of scraps into the pit P is completed in this way, the presence or absence of the acceptance command is confirmed again (d), and the remaining time is checked every time the acceptance command remains (f), Execute the acceptance command within the remaining time, and when the acceptance command is exhausted (d) Travel to the prescribed position and wait (k)
. Also, if it is not possible to accept within the remaining time (f)
It will run to a predetermined position and wait (k).

The method of receiving the scraps in the pits P is as follows. The destination pits P of the box crane 3 are arranged in the large addresses in the same manner as when the scraps are discharged, for each of the partition pits of the brands for which the scrap is displayed. Since each small address unit travels in a plane and receives, the scrap in the pit P is received in a plane from bottom to top. Further, this acceptance is to further reduce the peaks and valleys of scrap by controlling the pitch of the scrap to be delivered to the pit to be shifted by a half pitch from the plane pitch of the previous delivery and the plane of the current delivery, as in the case of the above-mentioned delivery. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the variation in the gripping capacity (volumetric efficiency) of the grab bucket at the time of discharging the scrap and to stably discharge the scrap.

As described above, the scrap receiving work is divided and simplified to lift the receiving box dedicated to receiving, traveling to a predetermined pit address, and pit P.
It is configured such that the operation up to the loading can be automated, and the scrap acceptance command is automatically accepted from the empty pit based on the display of the CRT.

When scrap is put into the pit P,
After the receiving box 12 is grounded on the surface of the scrap pile as in the above embodiment, the bottom plate is opened and the scrap is discharged, whereby noise and dust at the time of discharging scrap, which is a problem in the scrap yard, can be suppressed as much as possible.

Further, since the pits P in the scrap yard Y are partitioned by the partition plate 6, it is possible to flexibly deal with the change of the scrap stock amount for each brand and the increase and decrease of the type of stock brand, and to reduce the scrap stock amount. Not only can the CRT display be displayed in real time to easily grasp the amount of scrap stock, but also based on this CRT display, an efficient scrap loading plan, scrap acceptance, such as intermediate acceptance of scrap before the pit P becomes empty, and By making the payout more efficient, it is possible to make the most economical minimum pit plan.

It should be noted that in the operation of delivering scrap to the scrap box 5 by the grab bucket 2b, it is also possible to directly insert the scrap in the receiving box 12 into the scrap box 5 in an emergency in which the delivery time cycle is hindered. It is possible to make room for automatic payout work.

Further, since the acceptance and the payout by such control or the address control of the entire scrap yard Y can be similarly controlled, it can be automatically controlled by a control device using a microcomputer or the like.

As described above, one crane equipment C has two
One crane is installed in each yard to perform seed work,
Moreover, by subdividing the work in the scrap yard into a range that can be done with one crane and supplementing it with other equipment,
Scrap can be delivered and received sequentially without any interference between cranes, and more efficient automation can be achieved while maintaining the highest operating rate of the crane. By automating the work, the crane facility C works efficiently, so that the work efficiency of the entire scrap yard Y can be significantly improved, and thus the work time can be greatly shortened.

As described above, according to the present invention, addresses are assigned to the entire scrap yard Y, and scraps are delivered and received for each address in accordance with a signal from the control device. Therefore, automatic control is possible. Since automatic work can be sequentially carried out mechanically rather than manual operation relying on the operator's judgment, it is possible to greatly reduce time and reduce labor.

[0051]

According to the present invention, since scraps are discharged and received flatly for each small address of each pit divided or divided in units of large addresses, scrap peaks and valleys can be reduced. By doing so, it is possible to efficiently perform the paying-out and receiving work without changing the gripping efficiency of the scrap, so that it is possible to significantly reduce the time and reduce the labor.

Further, by managing the scraps for each pit, the scrap fullness and empty state can be clarified for each pit in the yard, and the scraps can be accepted and discharged automatically and efficiently.

Further, since it is possible to automate the scrap delivery work to the scrap bucket and the receipt scrap transfer work and the pit loading work with one crane facility, the operating rate of the crane can be sufficiently increased. , Work efficiency is greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a part of a scrap yard according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a scrap yard according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view of a scrap pit according to the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a pit side sectional view for explaining a small address of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a plan view of a pit showing an example of a prescribed route.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a command of the scrap payout method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Y ... Scrap yard P ... Pit C ... Crane equipment S ... Scrap receiving equipment N ... Large number n ... Small number R ... Regular route 1 ... Traveler 2 ... Bucket crane 2b ... Grab bucket 3 ... Box crane 3b ... Elevating hook 4 ... Bogie 5 ... Scrap Box 6 ... Partition Plate 7 ... Initial Scrap 8 ... Next Scrap 10 ... Traveling Girder 11 ... Riff Mag Crane 12 ... Receiving Box

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A scrap yard is divided into or divided into several pits, each of which is provided with a large address, and each of the pits provided with the large addresses is further provided with a number of small addresses, so that a specified large number of pits are designated. A scrap payout method in automation of a scrap yard, characterized in that, for each pit of an address, scrap is sequentially and planarly paid out within the pit according to a designated small address of a specified route. 2. The scrap yard is divided into or divided into several pits, each of which is provided with a large address, and each of the pits provided with the large addresses are further provided with some of the small addresses, so that when the scrap is completely dispensed, Check if there is a scrap acceptance command, and if there is a scrap acceptance command, within the remaining time until the next scrap payout time, for each pit of the designated large address, according to the designated small address of the specified route in the pit A scrap receiving method in scrap yard automation, which is characterized in that scrap is sequentially and planarly received.